NGHIEN cuu-TRAO c d NGHIEN cufu XAY DUNG BO THONG SO TOI tfU DIEU KHIEN L P G TREN DONG CO DIESEL (*) NGUYEN THE T R U LE ANH TUAN T6M TAT Nghien cufu Cfng dung nhien lieu LPG tren ddng cp diesel d Viet Nam da va dang dupc cac nha khoa hpc quan tam vdi muc dich da dang hda nguon nhien lieu, tang tinh kinh te va giam phat thai doc hai ciia dpng co Tuy nhien, de ting dung LPG cd hieu qua cao thi phai xac djnh diipc ty le LPG phu hop vdi ti^ng che dp lam viec cua ddng co Bai bao trinh bay ket qua nghien cufu phat trien he thong dieu khien phun LPG tren diidng nap cua dpng co diesel sCf dung he thdng nhien lieu CommoRail Thdng qua cac phan mem ket noi bp dieu khien ELC (Electronic LPG Control) vdi may tfnh, cho phep tinh toan xay dUng bp thdng sd toi Uu dieu khien phun LPG theo tdc dp va tai trpng, tii dd xac djnh dupc ty le LPG d cac che dp lam viec ciia ddng co Bai bao cijng trinh bay mot so ket qua nghien cufu thUc nghiem danh gia anh hudng cua viec sU dung ludng nhien lieu diesel/LPG den tinh nang va phat thai cua ddng co ABSTRACT Study of application LPG fuel on diesel engine in Vietnam have been interested by scientists aiming to diversify fuel sources, increasing economic performance and reducing exhaust gas emissions of the engine However, in order to use LPG with highly effective it is necessary to determine the percentage of LPG supplied in accordance to each working modes of the engine This paper presents results of LPG control system development for a single cylinder CommonRail diesel engine Through software that connect ELC (Electronic LPG Control) to the computer, it is possible to calculate and build the optimal control parameters according to speed and load of the engine, i.e it is allowed to determine the optimized rate of LPG at each operating mode of the engine The paper also shows some experimental results of effects of using LPG/diesel dual fuel on engine performance and exhaust emissions GIOI THIEU cac nude tren the gidi ciing nhu d Viet Nam, cac chuong trinh phat trien nhien lieu LPG tren cac phuong tien van tai ngoai viec da dang hoa nguon nhien lieu, giam su phu thudc vao nguon dau md dang dan can kiet "1^ cdn gdp phan dang ke vao viec giai quyet van de d nhiem mdi tmrdng dpng co dot gay Khi hda long (Liquefied Petroleum Gas - LPG) la loai nhien lieu cd nhieu tiem nang da dupc ap dung tren nhieu dpng co xang d mot so nude nhu Australia, Tho Nhi Ky, Nhat g ^ Han Quoc [8,9,10] cQng nhu d Viet Nam LPG la hdn hpp cac hydrocarbon nhe, chii yeu la propan (C^H^) va butan (C^Hj^) dupc lay tu thien nhien d cac md dau (*) Truong Dai hpc Bach khoa Ha Noi X i , A^ md Idii LPG ciing cd the dupc san xuat d cac nha may *** So 7-Thang nam 2011 NGHIEN cuu-TRAO DOI Ipc dau qua trinh chung cat dau tho Trong thdi gian gan day LPG da bat dau dupc nghien ciiu va ling dung tren ddng co diesel lupng dpng co diesel dupc sii dung cang nhieu qua trinh phat trien kinh te va xa hdi Qua trinh phim nhien lieu LPG vao dudng nap ddng co diesel cd the tien hanh theo hai phuong an dd la dinh lupng b ^ g giclo va dinh lupng b5ng vdi phim dien tu Phuong an dinh lupng bang giclo da dupc nghien ciiu tren ddng co xe buyt D1146TI vdi su phdi hpp giiia Vien Dau Viet Nam va Phdng thi nghiem Dpng CO ddt - Dai hpc Bach khoa Ha npi [5], thiet bi cimg cap LPG dupc mua tir hang Eco-gas - Australia, lupng nhien lieu LPG cung cap vao ddng co dupc thay doi nhd viec thay ddi tiet dien giclo, tu dd, lua chpn giclo phii hpp doi vdi ddng co Vdi phuong an tren thi ty le LPG d cac che dp lam viec cua ddng co gan nhu khdng doi, dd, khdng dem lai hieu qua cao cho ddng CO, dong thdi, thiet bi ciing cd gia tuong doi cao Vdi phuong an dinh lupng LPG bang vdi phun dien tir, cho phep xay dimg bp thdng so toi im dieu khien lupng LPG phun vao dudng nap ciia ddng co, tir dd, danh gia anh hudng va xac dinh dupc ty le LPG toi uu theo cac che dp lam viec ciia ddng co Bai bao trinh bay mot so ket qua nghien ciiu xay dung bp thdng so tdi uu dieu khien LPG tren ddng co nghien ciiu AVL 5402 sii dung he thong nhien lieu CommonRail tai Phdng thi nghiem Ddng CO dot trong, tmdng Dai hpc Bach Idioa Ha Npi luu lupng, cam bien chan ga, cam bien ap suat, duac dua ve bp dieu khien ELC Tin hieu tu ELC dieu khien vdi phun LPG va van dien tu dat trade bp hda hoi Qua trinh xay dung bp thdng so dieu khien dupc thuc hien thdng qua giao dien ket noi may tinh vdi ELC Hinh 1: So d6 cung cap va dieu khien lugrng nhien heu LPG 2.2 Thiit kimach diiu khien phun nhien lieu LPG (ELC) Bp dieu khien ELC (Hinh 2) bao gom: Khoi macli nguon, khoi ghi nhan tin hieu tu cam bien, khoi vi xu ly, khoi dieu Idiien co cau chap hanh va khoi ket noi vdi may tinh THIET KE HE THONG CUNG CAP NHIEN LIEU LPG 2.1 Sa thiet ke lap dat he thong cung cap LPG He thong cung cap va dieu khien lupng nhien lieu LPG tren dpng co AVL 5402 dupc the hien hinh Nhien lieu LPG dupc tich binh nhien lieu thdng thudng va ban d ngoai thi trudng Tren binh sti dung van ddng md LPG dang co vdi co cau van xoay, viec dieu chinh ap suat LPG qua trinh thi nghiem dupc thuc hien bang van giam ap dang co Idii LPG dupc hda hoi hoan toan qua bp chuyen ddi hda hoi trade vao ddng CO, ddng thdi, tren bp hda hoi cd the dieu chinh dupc ap suat LPG Tren dudng cimg cap LPG cho ddng CO dupc bo tri cac cam bien nhiet dp, ap suat va luu lupng LPG De qua trinh luu lupng LPG dupc chinh xac, tren dudng dng nhien lieu LPG cd lip them binh dn ap phia sau cam bien luu lupng LPG dupc phun vao dudng nap ciia dpng co qua vdi phun Cac tin hieu tir cam bien tdc dp, cam bien nhiet dp, cam bien TAP CHI c a KHi VIET NAM V Hinh 2: Bp ELC dieu khien he thong LPG > Khoi nguon (Hinh 3) cd nhiem vu tao dien ap 5V cho ELC, IC on ap LM7805 cd tac dung chuyen doi dien ap 12V dien ap 5V Trong mach nguon cdn bd tri cac tu va dien trd de san phSng nhung dao ddng dien ap nhd va cac diot bao ve mach So 7-Thang nam2011 vcc 390R * * I» ^ LED5V ^ JSV NCUN5V - ^ o >ajCN12V a CO -tJOuF • IN • OUT i ^ ^ CM aiuF ao Hinh 3: So nguyen ly tao ngu6n 5V V NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI 'r- Khdi ghi nhan tm hieu cam bien bao gom: Tin hieu cam bien tdc dp, luu lupng, ap suat, nhiet dp LPG, Trong hinh 4, the hien nguyen ly mach xu ly tin hieu tdc Tin hieu tir cam bien dupc dua vao IC LM358 de tao xung vudng trade vao vi xu ly > Khdi \ xir ly tren hinh bao gdm: \ i xu ly loai Atmega32 cua hang Atmel, mach tao xung nhjp dao ddng thach anh ben ngoai va mach reset \ i xu i> bat dau lam viec Vi xir ly cho phep lap trinh cac thuat toan nhan tin hieu tii cam bien va tinh toan dua tin hieu dieu khien co cau chap hanh phii hpp vdi che lam viec cua ddng co rOVCC • -TS n^ -;i> -J^' -^-T-^- ^WiU GND'||H- R25 3.3K V\N C20_ CB PB(i(\CKTOr PBinil Pfl2 (AlNftlNT2) FB3(AI_NI'OC0j PB4(SS) PBS(MOSI) PB6(M1S0) Pb7(bCXI PAOtADCUl PAI (AIXI) PAJ(MX:i PA3 (ADC3| PA4(ADC41 PAJ (ADC51 PAbfAIXbl PtOlbCL) Ptl (iDAI PC2(TCKI PLii I.Stel PC4aDOl IVi.TDI) pcftduscii PC7(TOSC2l NE-" Hinh 4.: Mach xii ly tin hieu toe dp Tin hieu cam bien luu lupng, ap suat va nhiet dp, giri ve vi xii ly thdng qua mach chuyen doi (Hinh 5) de xac dinh gia tri dien ap tuong ling theo dac tinh cam bien Dong thdi, qua trinh lam viec, cd the lua chpn che dp don nhien lieu hay ludng nhien lieu thdng qua cdng tic ON/OFF LPG LL_LPG CB.ASual LPG _1E2 -^ l^^^eT Hinh 7: Sa khoi vi dieu khien 23, Xay dung giao dien dieu khien he thong nhien lieu LPG BS D I I* I B I T H I * ! Xi***) BO MON DONG CO DOT TRONG - VI$N CO KHI DONG LL/C lltfTHTgCB»«, ''"~° K CHiDOKHdNGTAl cHfiDpcoTAi a r t DO c TAI 3E CHUY6NT16P KT.CT-ON >^ ) °'^° K ^ CHEDOCHUYtNTliP KH6NGTAI-C6TAI VI TRl CHAN GA < VI TRi KHONOTAI ^ 3E 3E MOt DO THAY D61 VI TRl CHAN GA < Mtrc XAC Dpffl GIAM T C CHtDOCHUYtNTliP CdTAI-KHdNGTAl CHfeDOCHUYfiNTlfiP C T A I - KHONGTAI T|riiun = f(cEMi)_ga, n) + Lutmg nhtte l i ^ tfing tdc MCTC DO "raAY Ddi VI TRi CHAN GA > Mtrc XAC DINH TANG T C CH6BOC6TAI n DONG i_^ "^ 3E Tphun = f(cbfin_ga, n) - hi^ng nhicD lifu giain tdc LirONG NH|£N LI$U LPG Hl£U CHbJH THEO >fHieT DO VA AP SUATLPG T phun - fl[vj_tri_clian_ga, n) 'K Hinh 9: So thuat toan dieu khien chung he thong phun LPG n>3100(v6ng/ph(it) ^ CATNHISNLISU