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Juyen tap cong rnnn noi ngiti ivnoa noc Ca hoc Thuy Todn quoc, Phan Thiet, 2008 gi Nghien ciru giai phap nhanh ehong dira eu bay len quy dao can thiet La Hai Dung Trung tdim KHKT&CNQS Tom tdt: Vice dua cu bay len quy dao cdn thict mdt cdch nhanh chdng, dan gian vd thuan tien cd y nghia rdt Idn viec hoan thdnh nhiem vu bav, dac biet viri cdc cii bay khdng ngudi Idi Bdi hdo trinh bdy phuong phdp dua cu bay len quy dao cdn thiet hdng cdc dgng co phdng: dua len cao, xoay hudng vd dira ve gdc nghidng quy dao mong mudn Study method quickly transfer aircraft to needed trajectory Abstract: Quickly and convenient tran.fer aircraft to needed trajectory Is important mission This paper reports some results of study about method quickly transfer aircraft to needed trajectoiy: altitude, flight heading and sloping angle by Jet engines Giai phap thuc hien Quy dao bay can thict, de klii cu bay khong nguoi lai co the lap tue thuc hien duoc nhicm vu, dugc dac trung bang cac tham so: cao bay, huong bay, tu the ciia cu bay tren quy dao De dua cu bay khong nguoi lai len qui dao can thiet co the dung nhieu giai phap khac nhau: cat canh tren duong bang bang he thong cang; gan cu bay len cu bay mang khac, cu bay mang se mang cu bay tu dpng den vj tri can thiet va tha ra; ck canh tren be phong bang dong co phong gan tren cu bay hoac bang he thdng phong ciia be Nhung cac giai phap tren deu khong dap ung viec dua cu bay len quy dao can thict mot each nhanh ehong nhat Vi lir roi diil den khi cu bay dat dugc dp cao, CO dgng vc huong bay yeu chu mk mot khoang thdi gian tuong doi lan, ma dieu khong co Igi cho cac cu bay thuc hien cac nhiem vu tac chien Mot giai phap dua la g5n Icn cu bay tu dong cac dong co phan lire (dung nhien lieu r5n hoac nhien lieu long) Ban d4u cu bay duac dat tren gia theo hudng thSng dung Khi CO lenh c§t canh, no dugc phong len theo phuang thang dung den cao yeu cau, tiep no dugc xoay quanh true doc dS huong mat phing ngang ciia cu bay ve hudng bay da dinh, sau duac dua tir tu th(3 th^ng dung vk m thi5 nam ngang so vdi mat dat (Hinh I) Nhu vay, can trang bi tren cu bay cac dong co: dua cu bay len cao yeu cau va dicm khiem tu the cu bay, Trong cac dong co su dung, chi co dong co dua cu bay len cao yeu chu thco phuang thang dung la co cong suk Idn, cac dong co dieu khien tu the ciia cu bay co cong suat nho Tinh toan cac tham so dieu khien tu the cu bay 2.1 Dpng ccf dua cu hay len cao yeu cdu Dong CO dua cu bay len cao yeu chu dugc I5p a phan duoi co hudng luong phyt vc phia sau d5 tao lire dAy phan lire dua cu bay len theo phuang thang dimg, Vdi dong CO co th6 sir dung dgng co nhien lieu rSn, sau dung xong dugc cat khoi cy 82 Nghien cuv gidi phdp nhanh chdns dua cu bav len guv dao cdn thiet bay (cho cu bay sir dung mot lan: cac loai ten lua); hoac su dung dgng ca nhien lieu long a cac cu bay sir dung nhieu liin 0/1 E i^^?^ • A Hinh Qud trinh dua cu bay len quy dao can thiet Viec tinh loan luc day va thdi gian chay cua dong co, can cir vao cac yeu chu: cao Ion nhat can dat dugc, thai gian dua cu bay len cao va kJia nang chju qua tai cua ket cau cu bay theo hudng dgc true, Trong truang hgp nay, so tai tac dung len cu bay dugc thS hien Hinh 2, vai P la luc day cua dong ca; G la trgng lugng cua kin' cu bay Gia toe cua cu bay thco true Ox (0(,yg) la: a, = (P-G)/m (1) voi: m la khoi lugng ciia cu bay Gia tri cua gia toe dugc tri thai gian lam vice cua dong ca, dong ca khong lam viec gia toe bang Khi do, toe len thing ciia cu bay la: I (2) vdi: t la thai gian tinh loan _ Ld Hdi Dung 83 O h Hinh Cdc lire tdc dung len cu bay phdng thdng dirng Oxyz - He toa gdn lien cua cu bay; 0^.x^y^^,- He toa dd mat ddt Do cao dat dugc ciia cu bay la: H \Kdi (3) Khi lire dSy va thai gian lam vice cua dong ca cang Idn, thi thai gian cu bay dat duac cao yeu cau cang nho Tuy nhien, gia trj luc dhy Idn nhat ciia dong co bi giai han bdi ben ket cSu cua cu bay, dugc th^ hien qua gia trj qua tai doc true cho phep ciia ket cau: a < nf Trong do: nf (4) la qua tai dgc true cho phcp thco tieu chuan on dinh kcl cau cu bay bi nen dgc true 2.2 Cdc dpng cir dieu khien tw the ciia cu bay Ngay sau dgng co dua cu bay len theo phuang thang dimg tat, cac dong xoay cu bay quanh true doc lam vice Chiing co nhiem vu xoay mat phiing ngang ciia cu bay ve hudng bay yeu cau D^ bao dam thai gian xoay n g k va qua trinh xoay dirng dung hudng yeu cau, thong thuang tren cu bay dugc trang bi cap dgng ca I5p mat ngang: cap co lire day 84 Nghien cthi gidi phdp nhanh chdng chra cu bay len guv dao cdn thiet Idn (xoay tho) - dc tao loc quay Idn; cap co luc day nho (xoay tinh) - dS hieu chinh hudng Trong hai cap dong ca xoay tho, thi mot cap lam nhicm vu xoay hudng, cap lai lam nhiem vu dii'ng quay cu bay d hudng yeu cau Chung co luc day, thai gian lam viec giong va duac bo tri doi xirng qua true dgc cua cu bay Luc day cua cac dgng co nam mat phang ngang cua cu bay (Hinh 3) Hinh Xoay cu hay quanh true doc Khi cap dong co thir nhat lam \'iec, no tao cap luc day P nam mat phang ngang, tiep tuyen vdi dudng iron than, tao mo men quay: M, = 2,P.R (5) vdi: R la ban kinh than cua cu bay, nai lap dgng co Khi nay, cu bay sc quay quanh true dgc \di gia tdc goc: £, = M,/J, (6) vdi: J^ la mo men quan tinh khoi lugng ciia cu bay thco true doc Ox Van toe goc quay se la: CO,, = J £ ^dt (7) Trong thdi gian t, goc xoay dat dugc la: Y= \(J^^dt (8) Khi cu bay gan dat dugc goc xoay yeu cki, cap dong ca thir hai vao lam viec d^ dimg cu bay a goc xoay mdi Nhu vay, cap dong ca thu- hai lam viec truoc thai diem cu bay dirng d vi tri mdi vdi mot gia tri goc xoay la goc dieu khiSn don Gia tn phu thuoc vao dac tinh quan tinh khoi lugng ciia cu bay thco true Ox 85 Ld Hdi Duns Trong trudng hgp co cap dgng co dicu khicMi goc xoay, thir tu lam vice ciia chiing nhu sau: cap dgng co xoay tho lam viec - cap dgng co ham tho lam viec - cap dgng co xoay tinh lam vice - cap dong co ham tinh lam vice Khi cu bay dirng xoay quanh true dgc, mat phang ngang cua no hudng vl hudng bay yeu cau, tien hanh dua cu bay tii' tu the thang dirng ve tu the nam ngang vdi goc nghieng quy dao yeu cau Khi nay, cac dgng ca dat vuong goc vdi mat phang ngang cua cu bay boat dgng Dgng co thir nhat tao mo men dua cu bay lir tu the thang dung ve tu the nam ngang, dc)ng co thir bai tao md men dung cu bay d goc nghieng quy dao theo yeu ciiu (Hinh 4), Hinh Dieu khid'n cu bay tir tu the dirng sang tu the ndm ngang Trong trudng hgp nay, qua trinh linh toan cac tham so chuyen dgng ciia cu bay, tuong tu nhu vdi xoay quanh true doc, nhung cac tham s6 dugc su dung cho vice quanh quanh true ngang oz, vdi canh tay don cua mo men quay la khoang each tir diem dat lire d^y dgng co dSn trgng tam cua cu bay va tham sd dieu khien la goc chiic - ngoc 0, Mot so ket qua mo phong 3.1 Doi tirffng mi> phdng D6i nrgng mo phdng la cu bay cd cac tham so ca ban sau day [5]: Khdi lugng: 3000 kg; Vi tri trgng tam tinh tir mui: 3,3 m; Dudng kinh than: 0,61 m; Cac mo men quan tinh khdi lugng: + J, = 76Nm-; + J,= Jy = 6260 Nm^ 86 Nghien cini gidi phdp nhanh chdng dua cu bay len guv dao cdn thiet - Dgng CO dua cu bay Icn thang dimg co: + Luc day: 36000 N; + Thdi gian lam vice: s; - Cac dgng co di6u khidn xoay cu bay quanh true dgc: su dung cap dgng ca xoay tho va cap xoay tinh Moi dgng co xoay tho cd cac tham so: + Luc dSy: 2000 N; + Thdi gian lam viec: 0,32 s; Moi dgng ca xoay tinh cd cac tham so: + Luc day: 500 N; + Thdi gian lam vice: 0,32 s; Cac dgng ca, dua cu bay tir tu the thiing dimg sang tu the nam ngang cd cac tham so: + Luc day: 10800 N; + Thdi gian lam vice: 0,5 s; Cac tham sd quy dao yeu cau: + Do cao 38 m; + Gdc xoay quanh true dgc: 28"; + Gdc nghieng quy dao: 15" 3.2 Thuat todn md phdng Sir dung phan mem MATLAB-SIMULFNK mo phong ddi tugng k£ tren (Hinh 5), vdi cac khoi sau day: Khoi "DMT": mo phdng qua trinh dua cu bay len thang ddng Khoi "Xoay": md phdng qua trinh dieu khien tu the cu bay, vdi khdi "xoay Kren" - xoay cu bay quanh true dgc; khdi "xoay Tangaz" - dua cu bay tir tu the thing dung ve mat phang nam ngang Khoi "Qui dao": tinh cac tham so quy dao Tren Hinh la thuat loan md phong qua trinh dua cu bay len thine dune (khdi DMT) e sv Tren Hinh la thuat loan md phdng qua trinh xoay cu bay quanh true dgc (khdi xoay Krcn) Tren Hinh la thuat loan md phdng qua trinh dua cu bay tir lu the thing dung v6 mat phang ngang (khdi xoay Tangaz) la Hdi Diing 87 PdionPai 9wtch3 •^0 Fhon^CTig H„ kd O" kd DcCao, QaTcc O-ey het GGS arlen SrTeta , gccxczyl^an cm ^0 H X2y>fcri^an CLai^Xcrg, xcjy xcrgTaGeZ brix gcc xccyTargeZ GxTargsz ^ xc£y x c r ^ e n Qjdao >toay ^0 ^ 340 Ftodud Qarra M CCnslanll Telatrinh phdng Hinh Md phong qua ^ &vr ^r ^y :0-' kd [Ili bdxl Tdx Do -1 Scope Gx ••xoay Conslanl! Saturation Jzz t^\lr*: Koay Gtx xoay xong dung lai Swtch2 :^v Swlcti! )toay x o n g i Hinh S Khoi xoay Tangaz Goc xoayl Id Hdi Duns 89 ?.i Ket qud md phdng Ket qua md phdng dugc the hien tren hinh T cao: H (m) goc xoay quanh Inx doc: Gama (do) goc nghieng quy dao: Tela (do) thoi gian (s) Hinh Cdc tham sd quy dao theo thai gian Qua Hinh cd the thay: sau dgng co dua cu bay len thang tat, cac dgng ca xoay cu bay quanh true dgc lam viec Chiing xoay cu bay di mot gdc 28" Tiep theo, cac dgng ca dua cu bay tu tu the thang dung \'e mat phang nam ngang lam viec, chiing dua cu bay tir gdc - chuc ngoc 90" (thang dirng) ve chuc - ngoc 15" so vdi mat phang ngang Ket luan Qua qua trinh xay dirng thuat loan va kcl qua mo phdng, cho thay: Chuyen dgng cua cu bay la phu hap vdi ban chat vat ly cua cac qua trinh va cac ket qua tinh loan phii hgp theo thuyet minh ky thuat cua ten lua hanh trinh ddi hai lakhon [5], chirng Id thuat loan xay dung cd tin cay can thiet Thdi gian dua cu bay len quy dao yeu cau rat nhd (chi 6,5 s), cho thay giai phap dua cd hieu qua rat cao, chac chan cac giai phap khac se can thdi gian Idn hon nhieu; phuang an ket cau va qua trinh dicu khien don gian Tai lieu tham khao [1] Nguyen Dire Cirang (2002), "Md hinh hda vd md phdng chuyen ddng cua cu bay tu ddng", Nha xuat ban Quan Doi Nhan Dan, Ha Npi, [2] La Mai Dung (2001), ""Cdc he tlwng may bay ", I loc Vien Khong quan Ha Noi 90 Nghien cuv gidi phdp nhanh chdng dua cu hay len guy dao cdn thiet [3] Tran Manh Tuan (2007), "Cf5/74'/7i'/zc re///j/C, Khoa hoc ky thuat, Ha Noi [4] L.C.Chemobrovkin (1987), "Eecnu.iomnbie /lemameabHbie annapanihi ", Che tao may, Moscow [5] "Thuyet minh ky thuat ten lira hdnh trinh ddi hdi lakhon " (1996), Lien hicp khoa hpc san xuit, Moscow ...82 Nghien cuv gidi phdp nhanh chdns dua cu bav len guv dao cdn thiet bay (cho cu bay sir dung mot lan: cac loai ten lua); hoac su dung dgng ca nhien lieu long a cac cu bay sir dung nhieu liin... ket cau cu bay theo hudng dgc true, Trong truang hgp nay, so tai tac dung len cu bay dugc thS hien Hinh 2, vai P la luc day cua dong ca; G la trgng lugng cua kin'' cu bay Gia toe cua cu bay thco... chuan on dinh kcl cau cu bay bi nen dgc true 2.2 Cdc dpng cir dieu khien tw the ciia cu bay Ngay sau dgng co dua cu bay len theo phuang thang dimg tat, cac dong xoay cu bay quanh true doc lam vice
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