DISCUSSION TRANSLATION AND YOUR IMPRESSION OF THE HERO FREDERIC HENRY IN CHAPTER IV a FAREWELL TO ARMS

THUONGMAI UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGLISH -OoO ENGLISH – AMERICAN LITERATURE DISCUSSION TRANSLATION AND YOUR IMPRESSION OF THE HERO FREDERIC HENRY IN CHAPTER IV – “A FAREWELL TO ARMS” CLASS: 2261ENPR1321 LECTURER: Pham Quang Truc GROUP: 11 Ha Noi - 2022 MEMBERS OF GR STT TABLES OF CONTENTS A INTRODUCTION I About Ernest Hemingway …………………………………………… Story about Hemingway ………………………………………………… His writing style …………………………………….……………… AI A Farewell to Arms (1929) …………………………………………… B IMPRESSIONS OF THE HERO FREDERIC HENRY IN CHAPTER IV I Frederic Henry – A responsible person in work ……………………… II Frederic Henry – an optimistic man …………………………………… BI Henry’s attitude towards the war …………………………………… IV Henry’ s attitude towards Miss Barkley …………………………… 10 V Conclusion …………………………………………………………… 11 C TRANSLATION ……………………………………………………… 11 A INTRODUCTION I About Ernest Hemingway 1, Story about Hemingway Earnest Hemingway (1899-1961) was born in Oak Park, a small town in the state of Illinois In his childhood, he was often taken on frequent hunting and fishing trips by his father to Michigan, the locale of many of his stories, and where he soon got acquainted with the life of the Indians and such virtues as courage and endurance, which were later revealed in his fiction He started his career as a writer in a newspaper office in Kansas City at the age of seventeen After the United States entered the First World War, he joined a volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian army Serving at the front, he was wounded, was decorated by the Italian Government, and spent considerable time in hospitals After his return to the United States, he became a reporter for Canadian and American newspapers and was soon sent back to Europe to cover such events as the Greek Revolution 2, His writing style Hemingway’s style of writing follows the “Theory of an iceberg” which means that the writer may omit things that he knows he is writing about, and that if he writes truly the reader will have a feeling of those things as strongly as the writer has tasted them “The dignity of the movement of an iceberg is due to only oneeighth of it being above the water,” he said The language of Hemingway’swork is bare simplicity; it is in keeping with the characters he wanted to portray It is surprising how he reveals the inner world of his personage in short dialogues and colloquial phrases, Plain words in simple declarative sentences bring out the sensations of the central characters and at the same time make the reader participate in the events of the story AI A Farewell to Arms (1929) A Farewell to Arms was published in 1929 by Ernest Hemingway It’s an anti-war novel in which Hemingway wanted to make the reader see war as a merciless massacre of men and women and the senseless destruction of the values created It is the story of an American lieutenant, Frederic Henry, who serves in an Italian ambulance corps during World War I The novel falls into five parts, each describing a different phase in Henry's adventures He falls in love with Catherine Barkley, a volunteer nurse from Great Britain When he is wounded she nurses him at the hospital His convalescence is over, he returns to the front and finds himself in a disorganized retreat He deserts during the mass retreat, rejoining the girl he loves, and they escape to Switzerland in a small boat over the lake of Maggiore Their idyll comes to an end (When she dies in childbirth) The plot of A Farewell to Arms is fairly straightforward While working with the Italian ambulance service during World War I (1914–18), the American Lieutanant Frederic Henry meets the English nurse Catherine Barkley Although she still mourns the death of her fiancé, who was killed in the war, Catherine encourages Henry’s advances After Henry is badly wounded by a trench Mortar shell near the Isonzo River in Italy, he is brought to a hospital in Milan, where he is eventually joined by Catherine She tends to him as he recovers During this time their relationship deepens Henry admits that he has fallen in love with her Catherine soon becomes pregnant by Henry but refuses to marry him After the hospital superintendent, Miss Van Campen, discovers that Henry has been hiding alcohol in his hospital room, he is sent back to the front During his absence, morale on the front had significantly worsened During the Italian retreat after the disastrous Battle of Carporetto (1917), he deserts the army, just barely escaping execution by Italian Military police Back in Milan, Henry searches for Catherine He soon learns that she has been sent to Stresa, some 95 miles (153 km) away Henry journeys to Stresa by train Once there, he reunites with Catherine, and the couple flee Italy by crossing the border into neutral Switzerland Upon arrival, Henry and Catherine are arrested by Swiss border authorities They decide to allow Henry and Catherine—who masquerade as architecture and art students seeking “winter sport”—to stay in Switzerland The couple pass several happy months in a wooden house near Montreux Late one night Catherine goes into labour She and Henry take a taxi to the hospital A long and painful labour ensues, and Henry wonders if Catherine will survive Sadly, their son is stillborn Soon after, Catherine begins to Hemorrhage and dies with Henry by her side He tries to say goodbye but cannot He returns to their hotel alone, in the rain A Farewell to Arms was one of the most widely read war novels of the 20th century It was published during the period between World War I and World, a time when war novels were very popular in the United States and around the world A Farewell to Arms was published in the same year as Erich Maria Remarque’s magnum opus Im Westen Nichts Neues which details the daily horrors of war on the Western Front in laconic understatement B IMPRESSIONS OF THE HERO FREDERIC HENRY IN CHAPTER IV I Frederic Henry – A responsible person in work In chapter IV, Frederic Henry proves to be a responsible person in work His responsibility is revealed through his attention to the operation of the machines At the beginning of the chapter IV, when Henry wakes up, he goes around to check machines: "I addressed, went downstairs, had some coffee in the kitchen and went out to the kitchen and went out to the garage." "The machines were working on one out in yard Three others were up in the mountains at dressing stations." Henry asks one of the mechanics whether the machine have trouble or not? For example: - "How's everything?" - "What's the matter with this machine?" - "What's the matter now?" The mechanic stops working and says that it still okay All machines are used except one "Not so bad This machine is no good but others march." "It's no good One thing after another." "New rings" And then, he leaves them working and checks everything very carefully: - "They were moderately clean, a few freshly washed, others dusty I looked at the tires carefully, looking for cuts and stone bruises." - "Has there been any trouble getting parts?" Henry asked the sergeant mechanic "No, Signor Tetente." "Where is the gasoline park now?" "At the same place." "Good." And then he goes back to the house when he knows "Everything seemed in good condition." II Frederic Henry – an optimistic man Henry lives in the cutthroat front: "The battery in the next garden woke me in the morning." "The battery fired twice and the air came each time like a blow and shook the window and made the front of my pajamas flap." However, he still feels the beauty of the scenery surrounding him The nature is beautiful like a romantic picture: "The gravel paths were moist and the grass was wet with dew." He gets out of the bed when seeing the sun coming through the window After that, he goes to the window and looks out this scene Though it is cold and wet, actually it is fresh and vital It completely differentiates from cutthroat front and makes him more comfortable and peaceful He still feels happy and optimistic even it is an annoying and dangerous circumstance: "It was a nuisance to have them there but it was a comfort that they were no bigger." Frederic Henry's optimism is also reflected in the fact that he enjoys his morning pleasures Even though the sound of batteries exploding from the garden side woke him up, after asking about the situation of the fighting and the broken machines from his comrades, he still leisurely returned to his house and enjoyed his breakfast with a cup of coffee "pale gray and sweet with condensed milk" In his eyes, the scenery of a spring morning was still beautiful despite being in a fierce wartime Besides, the optimism of Henry was shown through the way he asked and listened attentively to the story of nurse Barkly about her fiancé’s death in the battle He also assumed that "This is the picturesque front" when Miss Barkly imagine about a silly idea that the boy who is going to marry her will come to the hospital where she is with wounds: "With a sabre cut, I suppose, and a bandage around his head Or shot through the shoulder." BI Henry’s attitude towards the war + Indifferent feeling towards war but he is responsible for what he does in his job He had no idealistic concept about the war but he was a man to conscientiously perform his duties And this is exactly what we observe when he comes back to the front after his convalescent leave He checks on the ambulances etc, during the retreat he tries to his duty as much as he can + Brave man- Henry does not feel scared when a rain of shells is falling around him “ The battery in the next garden woke me in the morning and I saw the sun coming through the window… The battery fired twice and the air came each time like a blow and shook the window and made the front of my pajamas flap… It was a nuisance to have them there but it was a comfort that they were no bigger.” + Henry is still optimistic and believes in the war After Catherine Barkley shared her feeling about the war, Henry gave word of comfort "This is the picturesque front," I said "Do you suppose it will always go on?" "No." Henry always believes one day, the war would be over IV Henry’ s attitude towards Miss Barkley + Henry is an observant and empathetic man This characteristic is revealed through the conversation between Henry and Barkley in the first meeting He proves to understand the sad story of Barkley’s love affair He listens to Barkley attentively and sympathetically when she talks When Henry asked Barkley about the stick, she metioned about the story of her fiancé "It belonged to a boy who was killed last year." - "I'm awfully sorry "I was a fool not to I could have given him that anyway But I thought it would be bad for him." - “I see” “… I know all about it now But then he wanted to go to war and I didn't know."- I did not say anything In the context of chaotic war, it was very precious when a person spends time and emotion listening to another person’s life story In this situation it is more precious because although Henry and Catherine Barkley meet each other for the first time, he already sympathizes with Barkley + Henry was struck by Catherine Barkley's beauty, especially her hair, and the faithfulness of her love for her fiancé About her appearance: The battery in the next garden woke me in the morning through the window and got out of the bed I went to the window and looked out The gravel paths were moist and the grass was wet with dew The battery fired twice and the air came each time like a blow and shook the window and made the front of my pajamas flap I could not see the guns but they were evidently firing directly over us It was a nuisance to have them there but it was a comfort that they were looked out at truck starting downstairs, had some coffee in the kitchen and went out to the garage Ten cars were lined up side by side under the long shed blunt- nosed ambulances, painted ‐ moving- vans built like were working on others were up in the mountains at dressing- stations ‐ "Do they ever shell that battery?" I asked one of the mechanics "No, Signor Tenente It is protected by the little hill." "How's everything?" "Not so bad This machine is no good but the others march." He stopped working and smiled "Were you on permission?" "Yes." He wiped grinned "You have grinned too "Fine I said "What's the matter with this machine?" "It's no good One thing after another." "What's the matter now?" "New rings." I left them working, the car looking disgraced and empty with the engine open and parts spread on the work bench, and went in under the shed and looked at each of the cars They were moderately clean, a few freshly washed, the others dusty I looked at the tires carefully, looking for cuts or stone bruises Everything seemed in good condition It evidently made no difference whether I was there to look after things or condition of the cars, whether or not things were obtainable, the smooth functioning of the business of removing wounded and sick from the dressing stations, hauling them back from the mountains to the clearing station and then distributing them to the hospitals named on their papers, depended to a considerable extent on myself Evidently it did not matter whether I was there or not xe này, việc sơ tán, tuỳ Quả thật phân cơng vận chuyển bình an thương binh bệnh nhân trạm cấp cứu, chở họ từ núi đến trạm cứu thương địa phương lại đưa họ đến bệnh viện định sẵn thẻ họ Nhưng dĩ nhiên có mặt tơi khơng cần thiết Tơi hỏi trung sĩ khí: "Has there been any trouble getting parts?" I asked the sergeant mechanic "No, Signor Tenente." "Where is the gasoline park now?" "At the same place." "Good," I said and went back to the house and drank another bowl of coffee at the mess table The coffee was a pale gray and sweet with condensed milk.Outside the window it was a lovely spring morning.There was that beginning of a feeling of dryness in the nose that meant the day would be hot later on That day I visited the posts in the mountains and was back in town late in the afternoon - Trung sĩ có gặp khó khăn phụ tùng xe khơng? - Thưa không - Hiện kho xăng đâu? - Dạ chỗ cũ - Vậy tốt Nói xong tơi trở vào nhà uống thêm ly cà phê bàn ăn chung Cà phê có màu xám, lịm sữa đặc Ngoài cửa sổ, buổi sáng mùa xn trơng đẹp Người ta có cảm giác khơ mũi, có nghĩa ngày nóng Hơm tơi xem xét trạm núi trở lại thành phố, trời xế chiều Mọi việc tiến triển khả quan The whole thing seemed to run better while I was away The offensive was going to start again I heard The division for which we worked were to attack at a place up the river and the major told me that I vắng mặt Tơi nghe nói sửa đánh lại Chúng phân công công thượng nguồn Thiếu tá giao cho tổ chức would see about the posts for during the attack The attack would cross the river up above the narrow gorge and spread up the hillside The posts for the cars would have t o be as near the river as they could get and keep covered They would, of course, be selected by the infantry but we were supposed to work it out It was one of those things that gave you a false feeling of soldiering I was very dusty and dirty and went up to my room to wash Rinaldi was sitting on the bed with a copy of Hugo's English grammar He was dressed, wore his black boots, and his hair shone "Splendid," he said when he saw me "You will come with me to see Miss Barkley." "No." "Yes You will please come and make me a good impression on her." "All right Wait till I get cleaned up." "Wash up and come as you are." I washed, brushed my hair and we started "Wait a minute," Rinaldi said "Perhaps we should have a drink." He opened his trunk and took out a bottle "Not Strega," I said "No Grappa." "All right." He poured two glasses and we touched them, first fingers extended The grappa was very strong "Another?" "All right," I said We drank the second grappa, Rinaldi put away the bottle and we went down the stairs It was hot walking through the town but the sun was starting to go down and it was very pleasant The British hospital was a big villa built by Germans before the war Miss Barkley was in the garden Another nurse was with her We saw their white uniforms through the trees and walked toward them Rinaldi saluted I saluted too but more moderately "How you do?" Miss Barkley said " You' re not an Italian, are you ?" "Oh, no." Rinaldi was talking with the other nurse They were laughing "What an odd thing — to be in the Italian army." "It's not really the army It's only the ambulance." "It's very odd though Why did you it?" "I don't know," I said "There isn't always an explanation for everything." thế? - Không biết – đáp – Bao có việc khơng giải thích "Oh, isn't there? I was brought up to think there was." "That's awfully nice." "Do we have to go on and talk this way?" "No," I said "That's a relief Isn't it?" - Ồ, ư? Thưở bé người ta giáo dục với ý tưởng trái ngược - Vậy quý - Bộ định tiếp tục nói chuyện theo lối sao? - Khơng - Thế dễ chịu hơn, ông nhỉ? "What is the stick?" I asked Miss Barkley was quite tall She wore what seemed to me to be a nurse's uniform, was blonde and had a tawny skin and gray eyes I thought she was very beautiful She was carrying‐ a thin rattan stick like a - Cây gậy thế? – Tơi hỏi Cô Barkley người dong dỏng cao Nàng mặc quần áo theo tơi nghĩ đồng phục y tá Tóc nàng màu hung, da nâu mắt màu tro Tôi thấy nàng đẹp Nàng cầm gậy mây giống toy riding- crop, bound in leather "It belonged to a boy who was killed last year." cán roi ngựa bọc da Nghe hỏi, nàng đáp: - Chiếc gậy niên bị giết chết năm ngoái "I'm awfully sorry." "He was a very nice boy He was going to marry me and he was killed in the Somme." "It was a ghastly show." "Were you there ?" "No." "I've heard about it," she said "There's not really any war of that sort down here They sent me the little stick His mother sent it to - Xin lỗi - Anh dễ thương, cưới tơi bị tử thương trận Somme - Khủng khiếp q - Ơng có dự trận khơng? - Khơng - Tơi có nghe kể lại Thật khơng có trận Họ gửi cho me They returned it with his things." to war and I didn't know." "Had you been engaged long?" "Eight years We grew up together." "And why didn't you marry?" "I don't know," she said "I was a fool not to I could have given him that anyway But I thought it would be bad for him." “I see” "Have you ever loved any one?" "No," I said We sat down on a bench and I looked at her "You have beautiful hair," I said "Do you like it?" "Very much." "I was going to cut it all off when he died." "No." "I wanted to something for him You see I didn't care about the other thing and he could have had it all He could have had anything he wanted if I would have known I would have married him or anything I know all about it now But then he wanted to go khác Bây tơi hiểu tất Nhưng anh muốn trận, lúc I did not say anything "I didn't know about anything then I thought it would be worse for him I thought perhaps he couldn't stand it and then of course he was killed and that was the end of it." Tôi im lặng "I don't know." sống Thế anh hy sinh "Oh, yes," she said "That's the end of it." We looked at Rinaldi talking with the other nurse "What is her name?" "Ferguson Helen Ferguson Your friend is a doctor, isn't he?" "Yes He's very good." "That's splendid You rarely find any one any good this close to the front This is close to the front, isn't it?" - Lúc chẳng hiểu biết Tơi cho khơng tốt đơi với anh ấy; tơi cho có lẽ anh khơng thể chịu đựng hết chuyện - Làm biết - Ồ, biết Hết thật Chúng nhìn Rinaldi nói chuyện với y tá - Cơ tên nhỉ? - Ferguson, Helen Ferguson Có phải bạn anh bác sĩ khơng? - Vâng, tốt - Thế hay q, khó kiếm bác sĩ "Quite." giỏi nơi sát mặt trận Vì "It's a silly front," she said "But it's very beautiful Are they going to have an offensive?" sát mặt trận có phải không? "Yes." "Then we'll have to work There's no work now." "Have you done nursing long?" "Since the end of 'fifteen I started when he did I remember having a silly idea he might come to the hospital - Vâng, gần - Thật mặt trận buồn thảm, lại đẹp Có phải họ mở công không? - Vâng - Vậy lại phải làm việc Bây khơng có việc - Cơ làm y tá lâu chưa? where I was With a sabre cut, I suppose, and a bandage around his head Or shot through the shoulder Something picturesque." "This is the picturesque front," I said "Yes," she said "People can't realize what France is like If they did, it couldn't all go on He didn't have a sabre cut They blew him all to bits." - Từ cuối năm 1915 Tôi bắt đầu làm nghề anh nhập ngũ Hồi tưởng lại, có lần tơi có ý nghĩ rồ dại có ngày anh vào bệnh viện làm với vết gươm, cuộn băng quấn ngang đầu viên đạn vai, điều đẹp đẽ - Mặt trận đẹp chứ! - Vâng – Nàng đáp – Người ta khơng thể tưởng tượng tình trạng nước Pháp Nếu tưởng tượng được, việc tiếp tục Tôi tưởng I didn't say anything "Do you suppose it will always go on?" "No." "What's to stop it?" "It will crack somewhere." "We'll crack We'll crack in France They can't go on doing things like the Somme and not crack." thực anh không bị vết gươm mà xác anh bị tan thành mảnh Tơi khơng biết nói - Ơng cho trận chiến kéo dài khơng? - Khơng - Điều dẫn tới kết thúc? - Người ta nhượng - Chính nhượng Chúng ta thất bại Pháp.Họ tiếp "They won't crack here," I said "You think not?" "No They did very well last summer." "They may crack," she said "Anybody may crack." "The Germans too." "No," she said "I think not." tục làm trận Somme mà khơng nhượng ngày - Nhưng họ khơng thất bại - Ơng cho khơng à? - Không, hè năm rồi, họ thu nhiều thắng lợi - Họ thất bại – Nàng đáp – Ai We went over toward Rinaldi and Miss Ferguson "You love Italy?" Rinaldi asked Miss Ferguson in English "Quite well." "No understand," Rinaldi shook his head "Abbastanza bene," I translated He shook his head "That is not good You love England?" "Not too well I'm Scotch, you see." thất bại - Cả quân Đức - Khơng – nàng nói tiếp – Tơi khơng tin Chúng tơi phía Rinaldi cô Ferguson Rinaldi hỏi cô Ferguson tiếng Anh: - Cơ thích nước Ý chứ? - Thích – đáp lại tiếng Anh - Khơng hiểu - Rinaldi lắc đầu nói Rinaldi looked at me blankly "She's Scotch, so she loves Scotland better than England," I said in Italian Tôi dịch tiếng Ý cho anh Anh lắc đầu nói: - Khơng hay Cơ có u nước Anh khơng? - Khơng thích lắm, tơi người Tô Cách "But Scotland is England." I translated this for Miss Ferguson "Pas encore," said Miss Ferguson "Not really?" "Never We not like the English." "Not like the English? Not like Miss Barkley?" "Oh, that's different You mustn't take everything so literally." After a while we said good-‐night and left Walking home Rinaldi said, "Miss Barkley prefers you to me That is very clear But the little Scotch one is very nice." Lan ông biết Rinaldi nhìn tơi ngơ ngác khơng hiểu Tơi nói lại tiếng Ý cho anh - Cô người Tô Cách Lan cô yêu nước Tô Cách Lan yêu nước Anh - Nhưng Tô Cách Lan thuộc Anh quốc mà Tôi dịch lại cho cô Ferguson - Chưa hẳn - cô đáp - Không à? - Không, chúng tơi khơng thích người Anh - Khơng thích người Anh? Vậy khơng thích Barkley à? "Very," I said I had not noticed her Ồ, chuyện lại khác Ơng khơng nên hiểu "You like her?" ssss "No," said Rinaldi việc theo từ ngữ Một lúc sau chào chia tay Trên đường nhà, Rinaldi bảo tôi: - Cô Barkley thích anh tơi Điều thấy rõ q Nhưng bé Tô Cách Lan trông dễ thương - Ừ, dễ thương thật – đáp – Nhưng thực chẳng ý đến cô ta Anh thích phải khơng? - Khơng – Rinaldi đáp ... of the central characters and at the same time make the reader participate in the events of the story AI A Farewell to Arms (1929) A Farewell to Arms was published in 1929 by Ernest Hemingway... morning and I saw the sun coming through the window… The battery fired twice and the air came each time like a blow and shook the window and made the front of my pajamas flap… It was a nuisance to. .. house near Montreux Late one night Catherine goes into labour She and Henry take a taxi to the hospital A long and painful labour ensues, and Henry wonders if Catherine will survive Sadly, their