KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO LUA CHON CONG NGHE, THIET Bl KHAI THAC PHU HOP QUANG TITAN SA KHOANG CO LAN NHIEU BUN SET VA \ THRN QUnNG N A M SHU Tni TINH B I N H DJNH NCS LE QUI THAO, PGS.TS BUI XUAN NAM Trwimg Dai hge Mo-Dja ehiit Hien trang cong nghe, thiet bj khai thac titan tai tinh Binh Djnh Khoang san titan sa khoang tai tinh Binh Djnh ehu yeu nam tang eat Cong nghe khai thae bien khoang san la eong nghe khai thac SLPC nu-ac bang be hut k i t hpp vai t u y i n tho trpng lu-c bang he t h i n g cac vit x o i n Trong qua trinh khai thac thu-e hien bang chia cae khoanh va t l l n hanh khai thac i l n lu-pt theo thu- tLP He thong khai thac quang titan p h i blln cho eae mo a khu vu-c la he t h i n g khai thae nhilu gu-ang, khong xuong sau, ngang, mpt bo- cong tac, bai thai Quang du-pc pha bo-i sung ban nu-ac (neu c i n t h i l t ) va bam tai to hpp be tuyen di dpng vai dac tinh tuyen loai san pham (quang duoi, trung gian va quang tinh) Quang trung gian thu du-pc Xit qua trinh tuyen th6 t i l p tuc du-pc bam len tuyen trung gian d l tuyen quang tinh Quang tinh (th6) dat c h i t lu-png yeu cau CO ti le khoang vat nang >85 % du-ac du-a len bo- Cat thai du-pc bam c h u y l n d i n thai vao khu vu-c da khai thae Sa d l cong nghe khai thac k i t hpp vai to hg-p be tuyen di dpng dang du-pc SLP dung phu hap eho cac tram tfch nam du-ai mu-c nu-ac ngam Hien tai, sa d l cong nghe da du-pc ap dung hieu qua cho h i u h i t cac m6 khai thac titan miln Trung cua Viet Nam H Cdng nghe khai thac quang titan biin hien tai tinh Binh Djnh: 1- Neo; - Sung bin *; nua; - Dau hut; - Bam cho siing ban nuac; - Pha bam; - Bam hon hap cat va quang; - Mai che pha bam; - He thing duang dng; - He thing tuyin; 10 - Quang titan Yeu c i u doi vo'i cong nghe, thiet bj khai thac titan tai tinh Binh Djnh D i i vai khu vu-e titan sa khoang Miln Trung n6i Chung va khu vu-e Mo titan sa khoang tai Tinh Binh Djnh noi rieng, du-pc hinh chu y l u tCp cae vung lu-u ven bien cua cac song va du-ac tich tu qua nhilu tho-i ky dja chit, bo- blln xu-a CONG NGKiiP MO S01 - 2017 cung nam sau d i t liin, nen co nhu-ng than quang titan g i m nhilu lap nam xen l i n vo-i tram tfch set mjn Than quang mpt so vi tri dat dp sau 20 m so vai mat d i t tu- nhien Day la mpt tro- ngai Ion d i i vai eong nghe khai thac titan sa khoang hien 6- Viet Nam, khai thae khong h i t than quang va ty le thu hoi ham lu-ang c6 ich khong cao nu-dc tuyen bj l i n bun set KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO Thu-c t l khai thac quang 6- titan 6- cac cong ty nhu-: Tan Phat, Ban Mai, Phu Hiep, Biotan va cac cong ty khac 6- khu mo titan Bic D l Zi chi e6 the khai thae than quang 6- chilu sau tii da 12 m so vai mu-c nu-ac (day la han che ve mat thilt bj), nen gap than quang sau chi c6 thi dung bam hut nu-ac ho de dam bao dp sau khai thac, dan tai phan than quang nam tren mat nu-ac rit cao gay nguy hiem sat 16- va khd khan cho vin d l khai thac Dii vai vLing quang bj lin nhieu bun set, da phin cac eong ty diu hoat dpng theo ca che khoan lu-ang san pham nen eong nhan khai thac rat ngai gap cac vung va thu-dng khai thac kh5ng hit than quang, ty le quang that thoat theo cat thai ldn han 10 %, quang tho thu du-pc e6 ham lu-png khoang vat nang nh6 han 60 % va ehu-a nhilu bun set gay rit nhilu kh6 khan cho khau tuyen tinh va ehl biin sau (vi ilmenit ban nen ham lu-png CaO va Th, U lan vao rit cao) Doi vdi nganh chi blln sau cac san pham tCr quang titan ddi hdi phai dam bao dp sach cao nhat, ham lu-png cac tap chit (phdng xa, CaO, Ai203, ) phai thip nhit Vi vay viec lu-a chpn eong nghe, thilt bj khai thac phu hpp, dam bao khai thac hit than quang va nang cao he s l thu hii khau tuyen thd la mdt nhiem vu quan trpng cua nganh khai thac, gdp phin nang eao hieu qua kinh t l va bin v&ng cua nganh khai thac titan Lira chon cong nghe, thiet bj khai thac quang titan sa khoang phii hop cho khoang sang c6 lin nhieu bun set nam sau so vo-i mat nu'oc (20+25 m) 3.1 Sa eong nghe de xuat H.2 Sa c6ng nghe khai thac quang tl tan sa khoang di xuit: - Be tuyin vit xoin; - Lirai loc rac; 3- He thing tai nang bam hut; - Thiet bj Tamaclon; - Cat thai 3.2 Mo ta cong nghe khai thae He thing khai thae gom cac be ldn, tren mdi be ldn ed cac cum vit xoan dung d l tuyin trpng lu-e va mpt be nho co dat he thing bam hut de hut hon hpp cat quang cung vdi nu-de diy sang vit xoin eija be ldn d l tuyin Be nhd du-pc eau tao gdm mdt bam hut ehfnh la loai bam chim cdng suit Idn, du-pc treo tren mpt khung da va du-pc diiu chlnh len xuing thdng qua mpt tdi dien Tuy dp sau hut yeu elu cua than quang ma chpn dp sau khai thac phCi hpp Dii vdi bam cho phep hut den dp sau am 25 m so vdi myc nu-dc Tai dau eua bam hut ed lap mot dau thoi nu-de cao ap nham ho trp lam tai ldp eat quang xung quanh mieng hut, giup eho bam hut dat cdng suit yeu cau va giup eho qua trinh tuyin dat hieu qua han Hon hpp eat quang cung vdi nu-de du-pc bam hut day len bd tach rac va chia quang nam phia tren dinh vit Dii vdi md cd chij-a nhieu set nen lam cho dung djch tuyen la nu-de bj deo, dp nhdt tang, giam hieu suit tach Vi vay nen tren moi mieng xa vao vit diu ed bo tri Ing cap nu-de sach liy tLP gieng bam, giup cho nu-dc tuyen du-pc sach han va qua trinh tach hieu qua han Sau qua vft lan se thu du-pe ddng san phim: eat thai ed chu-a nhilu bun set nen du-pc tach bd ngoai, phin hon hpp cdn lai vin cdn lan mdt it bun set nen tilp tuc d l vao bunke ehCpa ed bo sung nu-dc sach d l tiy rCpa, sau dd du-pe bam lem cum vit d l tuyen tach Sau qua cum vft se thu du-pc ddng san pham: Cat thai, quang titan thd, hdn hpp trung gian du-pc hii lu-u Quang titan thd cua be du-pe bam tap trung vao mpt bunke eo bam them nu-de sach vao d l tilp tuc tay rij-a mpt lin nu-a tru-dc du-pc bam hut day len he thing Tamaclon tai bai chu-a san pham Cat thai du-pc ehuyin sang thung chCpa eat thai Day la dilm khac biet rit rd net so vdi eae day chuyln cdng nghe tuyen thdng thu-dng, rat phu hpp vdi loai quang titan sa khoang cd lin nhilu bun set, gdp phin nang cao he so thu hoi khoang san va tao san phim quang thd sach, giup eho eae qua trinh tuyin tinh va che biin sau du-pe hieu qua han Tamaclon la mpt thilt bj ehuyen dung cua Nhat Ban dung de ru-a tach cac hat bun set khdi CONG NGHIB> MO S - 2017 KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO quang titan Sau qua thilt bj Tamaclon, se thu du-pc quang thd titan sach vdi ham lu-png khoang vat nang >80 % Lfu diem cua quy trinh e5ng nghe la xu- ly du-pc triet de hien tu-png cae hat set bam quanh hat quang lam eho hat quang bj vdn cue cung vdi cat, nen du-a quang vao tuyen se khong tach du-pe cac tap chit di theo, ti> d6 d i n tdi cac san pham sau tuyin tinh; ilmenit, rutil, monazit, zircon d i u bj nhiem ban va khdng dat chat lu-png Nhd qua trinh rCpa tach ma quang thd du-pc lam tai loai bd t i t ca cac hat set vdn cue, giam ham lu-png tap chit khoang san va giup qua trinh e h l bien sau du-pc hieu qua han Cat thai mang theo r i t nhilu bun set se du-pe bam hut d i y len bai thai d l hoan tho, tai d i u bai thai se thilt k l mpt bd dap ngan khdng cho nu-dc chu-a bun set trdi ngu-ac lai h i tuyen, nhd vay nLj-dc h i tuyin dippc saeh han Ddng thdi cd mpt lu-png nu-dc sach c l p bo sung vao h i nen giup cho qua trinh tuyen du-pc hieu qua han Day la phu-ang an khai thae hoan tho vdi bai thai nen viec san l i p phue h i i moi tru-dng nhanh ehdng kjp thdi Tru-dc tien hanh tring cay xanh se dung xe san gat mdt each tu-ang d i i la da ed mat bang d l eay theo quy djnh D i n g thdi vdi quy trinh cdng nghe nay, vdi viee lu-a chpn thilt bj bam hut ehuyen dung, se nang cao du-ac cdng suit tuyen va cho phep hut du-pc hit than quang nam sau 20+25 m so vdi mat nu-dc, gdp phin khai thac h i t khoang san Chi phf khai thac cung giam su- dung be cdng suit ldn 3.3 Dae diem thiet bj de xuat a Thiet bj bo-m Lu-a chpn bam phu hpp vdi dac dilm cdng nghe khai thac khoang san sa khoang: Dam bao dp ben, cdng suit va ap lu-c theo yeu cau Bam dac dung dung d l bam chim (ca phin md ta dien va phin bam d i u tha chim xuing du-di nu-dc), t i t ea du-ac n i l vdi mdt he thong cap treo ed tdi dien diiu khiln viec nang Tai d i u hut cua bam ed lap dat them mpt Ing thii nu-de eao ap dung d l pha vd k i t c i u cat tai mieng hut, giup cho bam hut dat cong suit cat hut yeu e i u T i t ca he thing bam hut du-ae dat tren mot be eon ed dp rpng va dp noi dam bao an toan eho hoat dpng cua bam Ap lu-c hut g i n nhubang khdng vi bam nam sat mat cat d day h i , vi vay rat lai t h i ve ap lu-c Trong qua trinh hoat dpng, tiiiy theo tinh hinh thu-c t l edng nhan van hanh se dieu chlnh dp sau eua bam eho hap ly nhd tdi dien b Thiet bj Tamaclon Nguyen ly hoat ddng; Tamaclon (cua Nhat Ban) la mdt thilt bj_ ehuyen dung dung de tach cac vat nhe khdi hon hpp mdi tru-dng nu-dc Hon CONG NGHIEP MO S - 2017 hpp quang thd gom ilmenit, zircon, monazit, rutil, manhetit, mpt it hat cat nhd cung vdi cac hat set huyen phu di kem, se du-pc mpt bam cd ap (0,2+0,4 MPa) d i y vao Tamaclon theo phu-ang tilp tuyin Du-di tac dung cua lu-c ly tam, trpng lu-c vS mdt mdi tru-dng ap s u i t phu hpp, cac hat nhe han cung vdi bCin set se du-ac tach va day ngoai theo hu-dng len tren dinh Tamaclon Tai du-dng hat nhe se du-pc mpt I n g d i n toi mpt thung kin chu-a nu-dc ben du-di, nhd hieu u-ng Tason nen he thing hoat dpng rat on djnh va bun set cung cac hat nhe se du-pc tach ngoai Phan nang han la cac khoang vat titan se du-pc ling xuing phia du-di va thoat ngoai qua mang thu Lu-a chpn thilt bj Tamaclon phu thupc vao hon hgp nu-dc quang thd e i n tuyin mpt giay (m^/s) ; H.3 Md hinh thiit bj Tamaclon ,; (Ngudn: Osaka Titanium technologies, Nhat Ban), Bang so sanh k i t qua tru-dc va sau ap dung cdng nghe de x u i t tai md My Thanh Tinh Binh Djnh Qua thdi gian cung cac ehuyen gia eua Cdng ty OTC (Nhat Ban) nghien cu-u eung vdi can bp ky thuat cua Cong ty c l phin khoang san Biotan da xac nhan k i t qua rat kha thi ap dung thilt bj Tamaclon vao qua trinh tuyin va lam sach quang titan thd KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO Bang So sach mdt sd chi tieu cdng nghe sir dijng phuang phap khai thac Stt ^ ^ ^ ^ P " 1 II III | ,.4 Ten chi tieu ^ ^ ^ ^ Chat Tti-dng quang titan thd "^ Ham lu-png khoang vat nang (%) Ham lu-png set (%) Dp tai cua cac khoang vat (khdng vdn cue) Ty le hat tren sang 425 pm (%) Chat lu-png tinh quang sau tuyen tinh Ilmenit Ziron (Zr02) Monazit (ReO) Rutil Cac chi tieu khai thac Ty le quang that thoat theo cat thai (%) Ham lu-png bun set nu-dc tuyin Dp sau khai thac (tinh tCp d t mat nu-dc) m Tyle cat quang/nu-dc tuyin Phu-ang an: khai Phu-ang an: khai thae SLP dung bam thac thdng thu-dng chim k i t hpp thilt bi tuyen Tamaclon 55+60 1.8+2.5 5+10 80+85 0,6 0,5+1,25 Ti02: 47+48 %; CaO; 0,28 %; U+4Th: 50 ppm Zr02: 60+61 % ReO: 58+60 % TiOs: 87 % Ti02: 50+51 %; CaO; 0,17 %; (U+4Th);18ppm 10+12 2+3 12 max 1/7 20 max 2/7 Zr02: 63+65 %; ReO: 60+62 % Ti02: 90 % Tach du-pc tap chit nhe, bun set khdi quang thd titan, giup tang ham lu-png ed ich va dam bao eho cac khau tuyen tinh la e h l biin sau quang titan du-pc hieu qua Chi phi d i u tu- va hoat dpng khdng Idn; thilt bj nhd gpn cd the di chuyln du-pc cac nai, d l su- dung, de sij-a chCi-a H.5 Quang thd sau tuyin rira va tach bing thiit bjTamacion sach va khdng vdn cijc (Ngudn: Osaka Titanium technologies, Nhat Ban) K i t luan H.4 Quang thd titan bj cac hat set lam cho bj vdn cue ciing vdi cat Ve ehit iLJ-png san phim: nhd nu-de tuyen du-pe lam saeh va quang thd trai qua cac giai doan danh tai nen bun set du-ac tach khdi khoang vat nang mdt each triet de, tCp dd nang eao hieu suit tuyin va thu du-pc quang thd cd ham lu-png khoang vat nang cao han so vdi ban d i u rat nhilu TLP ngudn quang thd sach nen du-a vao Nha may tuyin tinh, du-di tac dung eua nhiet dp, ti> tru-dng, dien tru-dng, trpng lu-c, cac khoang vat se du-pc tach khdi mdt each nhanh ehdng va rd rang, cac khoang vat khdng l i n vao va cac tap chit bj loai triet de han, nhd dd nang cao du-pc c h i t lu-ang cac khoang vat Ngudn tinh quang chit lu-png cao sau dita vao e h l bien sau se tao cae san pham ed chit lu-png va gia trj du-pc nang len r i t nhilu CONG NGHIEP MO S - KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO Cy Viet Nam hien viec e h l biin sau chu y l u la luyen xi titan 92+95 %, day la nguin nguyen lieu chinh de san xuit titan kim loai Vi yeu c i u cdng nghe nen Ilmenit dung d l luyen xl phai co ham lu-png Ti02 cao (>50 %) va eae tap chat phai thap: CaO