• KHOA HQC CONG NGHE ^ K^T QUA THI NGHIEM MO HINH THUY DIEN SONG TRANH PGS.TS TRAN QU6c THU"6NG, THS PHAM ANH TUAN, THS NGUVfeN VIET HUNG, THS FHA.M THI H N G CHUVfeN, KS NGUYEN THJ HlTONG TRA Vipn Khoa hpc Thuy Iffi Viet Nam Tdm tat: Cdng trinh thiiy diin Song Tranh 4, Qudng Nam la cong trinh cd lieu lugng xd lu l&n (ty luu qua trdn q = 109.35m^/s.m vai luu lugng thiit ki Qm^ 13767m^/s; q = 143,35m^/s.m v&i luu lugng kiem tra Qo.i%= 18062m^/s) nen cdn thiit phdi thi nghiim md hinh thuy luc di kiim chung vai tinh todn Bdi viet tdm tdt kit qud nghien cihi th{cc nghiem de chgn phuong dn tieu ndng hgp ly cho trdn xd lH Sdng Tranh 4, tinh Qudng Nam Abstract: Structure of Tranh river hydropower in Quang Nam province has high specific discharge (unit discharge q = 109,35m^/s.m design flood discharge Qi%= 13767m^/s) q 143,35m /s.m test flood discharge Qo.i%= 18062m^/s) Therefore, it is nessecary to conduct hydraulic physical model test for calibration calculations The paper is to present briefly experimental research to choose a reasonable energy dissipation plan for spillway of Tranh river hydropower project in Quang Nam province I G i d l THIEU CONG TRINH VA NHI^M VV THI NGHIEM Nhifm vy cua cong trinh Cym cdng trinh ndm tren dia ban xd Que Luu vd xd Thang Phudc - huyen Higp Dde, tinh Qudng Nam Cdng trinh ndm ve phia Tay Nam cua thi trdn Tan An (huyen ly huyen Hiep Dde) khoang 7km, each thi tran Tam Kf khodng 65km vd thdnh phd Dd Ndng khodng 100km, rdt thuan Igi vl giao thdng thuy - bg Nhidm vy chu ylu ciia eong trinh thuy di^n Sdng Tranh Id phat difn vdi cdng sudt ldp may Nin,= 48.00MW, tgo san lugng dien tnmg binh ndm Id: 178.20 tiieu KWh se dugc dua len ludi didn qudc gia Ngodi ra, cdng trinh ciing da gdp phdn tgo dilu kidn thdc ddy phdt trien dan sinh kmh td huydn Hidp Dde va cung cdp nude sinh hogt, nude tudi ndng nghidp tiong vimg du an Muc dich nghien cihi md hinh thuy lire Nghien ciiu thi nghidm tren md hinh vat 1^ nhdm myc dich: - Cung cap cac thdng so ky thudt, eo sd khoa hgc kip thdi phyc vy cho giai dogn thiet ke ky thugt vd bdn ve thi cdng cdng trinh - Chinh xac hod cac thdng sd thiiy luc cua profile tran, che ndi tiep thugng lim, ehl dd thuy lyc phiic tgp tiong be tidu nang, eac ket cau tidu ndng, danh gid xdi Id hg luu, bien phdp gia cd bao ve hg luu sau cdng trinh tidn xd lii ddi vdi d l an thiet ke didu kien khdng gian - Thi nghidm ddng md cira van cho cac che khdc de ldm ca sd lap quy trinh vdn hanh cua van cho cdng trinh, ddng thdi xem xet ddng xien, ddng qu&i, tdeh ddng gay bdt lgi ddi vdi cdng trmh ciing nhu lim sau cdng trinh nhdm dam bdo dn dinh vd khai thde cd hieu qua nhat II KET QUA THI N G H I E M Md hinh hda De dgt dugc cae myc tieu vd nghien cuu cdc ngi dung theo yeu cau neu trdn thi md hinh thi nghidm thuy luc duge chgn la loai md hinh tdng TAP CHf T A I NGUYEN Nl/(3C S6 2-2018 45 • KHOA HOC CONG NGHE < thd chinh thai long citag (long khong x6i dugc) voi t? le mo hinh ^L= 80 a Pham vi m6 hinh - Chidu dai theo chidu dong chay can x6t mo htah: Tdng chieu dai tuydn c6ng trinh tren la 1200m nSn chidu dai m5 hinh L„h = 1200/80= 15.0m - Chidu rgng cdn mo hinh hoa: Chieu r6ng thuc td cdn mo phong la Bm= 500m, tuong ilng tr6n mo hinh la Bmh^e.OOm - Chidu cao cdn m5 hinh hoa: Chidu cao thuc td cdn xet la Ha= 34.00m, tuong tog chidu cao tren ma hinh H„i,= 34.00/80= 0.425m, ldy t h t o chidu cao cdm cgc len dia hinh la 0.30m Do chidu cao trSn m6 hinh Id E H ^ = 0.8m Nhu vdy, m6 hinh tdng thd, chinh thdi cum cong trinh ddu mdi dugc xay d\mg v6i kich thudc la; ILxSBxSH = C15.0x6.0x0.80)m b Chpn vat lieu xay dimg va chd tao m6 htah Mo Wnh CO phdn chinh la; + Phan dia hinh bdng ddt tu nhien co dp nham tu nhien la n,n = 0.025 chgn vOa xi mang cat xoa nlfln dd chd tao la dam bdo tuong tu M8 hinh sau x9y dung nhin tir h j lira (Anh 1) td c6 d8 nham n,„ = 0,015+0,018 Tren mo hinh chgn kinh hftu ca (kinh mica) dd chd tao cong trinh ddu mdi Ket quii thi nghidm phu-ffng an thidt kl a) Khd nang thdo Dd xdc dinh khd nang thdo cua tran xa lii, don vi thi nghi?m dd thuc hiSn 08 cdp luu lugng co 05 cdp theo dd cuong dugc duy«t va 03 cdp bd simg Moi cdp luu lugng xac dinh muc nuoc hd (ZTL) V6i cdp luu lugng kidm tra Qo2%= 17921m3/s, muc nu6c hd thi nghi?m la 51.65m, thdp hon muc nuoc hd tinh toan (51.90m) khodng 0.25m b) Tinh hinh thuy life, ndi tiep dong chay Qua quan sat m8 hinh cho thdy tinh hinh thuy l\rc dong chdy nhu sau; - d khu vvrc ben trdi cong trinh, anh hudng tucmg phan dong trudc ciia nhd may thuy di$n tao dong dd chay ngang nen Imi lugng qua khoang rdt nho, lam giam kha nang thao ciia tran ddng thtri gay dong lech phai luu (Anh 2) Anh Dong chay qua tuang phan dong kenh vdo nhd mdy thiiy dien Anh L Mo hinh thuy luc trdn xd la thiiy dien Song Tranh + Phdn dia hitih doan kenh va cong trinh ddu mdi dugc gia cd vd lam bdng b6 tong ngoai thuc 46 TAP CHfTAl NGUYEN Nl/ecs6 2-2018 - Dong chdy chii ydu qua cdc khoang tit ddn do phia h? lim xudt hien ddng chu to chay lech vd ben phai Kdt hgp vdi dac didm dia hinh sau trdn nen smh dong qudn bfc bd phai • KHOA HQC CONG N G H ? - Ddng chdy xidn phdi vd ddng quan xody cudn bdphdi cd sdng eao gdn 3.0m - Tudng ndi vdi try pin rOng 5m duge thilt ke cd be ddy khdng ddi gdy hidn tugng tdch ddng Hidu qua v l mdt thuy lyc eua tudng phan ddng chua rd rang c) Van toe dong chay Ket qud xac dinh v§n t i e ddng chdy vdi 03 cdp luu lugng Q= 6897; 13767;17921m^/s Qua thi nghigm cho thay d viing vdt lidu BTCT (thdn tran, be tieu ndng) cd van tdc day Idn nhdt ciing nhd ban lO.Om/s, mach dgng van tdc ddy Idn nhdt khodng 0.27m/s Vung Idng sdng sau b l tidu ndng cd vdn tdc ddy Idn nhdt khodng 7.0m/s, mgch ddng vdn tdc day Idn nhdt khodng 0.26m/s Vimg ddng quan bd phdi ed van tdc khodng 2.0-3 Om/s, mach dgng vdn tdc Idn nhat khodng 0.25m/s Cdch tim dap v l hg luu 290-^500m vdn tdc mdi bd trai khoang 2.10-^3.0m/s, mgch ddng v ^ tdc 0.02-^0.16m/s; van tdc mdi bd phai khodng 4.30 ^ 5.50in/s, mgch ddng van tdc 0.03-^0.18m/s Van tdc ddng qudn bd phdi khodng -3.40ni/s d) Nhan xet va kiln ngh| * Nhpn xet Qua thi nghi|m Phuong an thiet ke don vi thi nghidm cd mdt sd n h ^ xet sau: - Khd ndng thao qua cdng trinh la dam bdo v l hinh dang tidn: Mdt cdt trdn tiiidt kd ddm bao an todn khdng ed chdn khdng - Tudng phdn ddng kenh vao nhd mdy thuy di^n cd binh dgng, chieu cao chua hgp ly nen gdy ddng chdy ngang khoang sd I lam gidm kha ndng thdo cua cdng trinh vd ddng chu luu lech sang ben phdi khu vyc dgp trdn vd khu vyc hg luu - Ddu trdn cdc try pin phia thugng luu cd dgng hinh vudng, xd lii Idn ldm ddng chay khdng bam sdt thdnh, tgo nude ddng d ddu try (tgi mgt sd dilm eye bg ddng chay va • vdo cdc try pin gdy sdng ldm ddnh myc nude thi ling vdi cdp luu lugng kilm tra Qo.2%=I7921m^/s, muc nude each dinh try pin Idn (5m) khodng 24cm, dinh try pin nhd (3m) khodng 36em) Nhu vgy cdu giao thdng cd thd bi dnh hudng vdt trdi ndi, cay c6i bi mdc kgt xd lii kiem tra - Tudng noi vdi try pm rgng 5.0m ve hg luu dugc thilt kd vudng sde canh, mdt cdt bl day khdng ddi tgo hidn tugng tdch dong Hidu qua vl thuy lyc eua tudng phan ddng chua rdrang - Cdc be tidu ndng cd cao trinh ddy khdc V25.0m; V21.0m; V18.60m ddu cho thdy khdng cd nude nhdy ngdp ma chi cd nude nhdy sdng d bl vd sau bl Nhu vdy bd thyc chdt Id sdn dugc gia CO bdng BTCT Vdn toe ddng chay d vimg be tieu ndng khodng 8.0m/s, vdi BTCT thi dam bao an todn - Sau bl tieu ndng cd vdn tdc khoang 7.0m/s ndu dd gdc lien khdi cd the chiu xdi dugc - Vimg mdi bd hg luu cd van tdc khodng hon Om/s ed thi gdy xdi Id bd hg luu - Ddng qudn mdi phai cd vdn t i c khoang 3.0m/s can chti y gia ed vai phdi dogn sau tidn - Ddng xien phdi gay ddng qudn, xody cuOn vdi sdng cao khodng 3.0m * Kiin nghi - Hg thap cao trinh dinh tudng phdn ddng kdnh vdo nhd mdy thuy dien, bdng cao trinh dinh tudng chdn cdt, chi lam nhi^m vy ngdn biin cdt Ndu mu6n ngdn vdt ndi thi cd thi diing hinh thirc khdc nhu phao ndi - Tir hien tugng nude dang, co hgp vd tdch ddng ti^i pin Xem xet siia ddi dudng cong ddu cdc try pin sang dgng dudng cong clip vd lugn trdn phdn tidn cac try pin - Hg ddn dg cao tudng phdn ddng hg lim dap tidn ddy 5.0m theo dudng mye nude ddn ddng - Xem xdt nang eao ddy be tidu ndng eao dO VI8.60m vd V25.0m Idn l-^2m de gidm khdi TAP CHfTAl NGUYEN Nl/(3C $ 2-2018 47 »KHOA HQC C N G N G H | : lugng dao dd Tuy nhien, quylt dinh de cao tiinh ndo sS can ed theo kit qud thi nghigm phuong dn siia ddi, ede ehl dg vgn hdnh cira van d|ip tidn vd dia chdt eiia edng trinh -Xem xet ndn t i ^ ^ kenh xd nha mdy thi^ e a Ket qua tbf nghiem phinmg an su-a doi a M&^u D I tim phuong an sda ddi ddm bdo KT-KT dd thi nghigm nhieu phuong dn khac Phuong dn siia doi cudi cung duge chgn hgp ly^ nhu sau: - Hg thdp tudng phdn ddng kdnh vdo nha mdy thdy didn tii V46.50m xudng V31 Om - Day be tidu ndng bdn phdi ed cao tiinh VI9.50m, ddy bl tidu ndng bdn tidi eao trinh V25.50m, long ddn sau bl V26.50m, ndn tuydn kdnh xa sau nhd mdy xudi thugn theo tuyen K2 Anh Md hinh phuong dn sua ddi nhin tic hg luu 48 TAP CHfTAl NGUYEN NUOCSQ 2-2018 • b Khd ndng thdo D I xdc dinh kha ndng thdo cua tran xd lu, don vi thi nghigm dd thyc hi^n 08 cdp luu lugng cd 05 edp theo de cuong dugc duygt vd 03 cap bd sung Moi cdp luu lugng xdc dinh myc nude hd (ZTL) Vdi edp luu lugng kiem tia Qo.i%= I8062m3/s, mye nude ho thi nghidm phuong dn siia d i i Id 51.7Im, thap ban myc nude ho tinh todn (52.09m) Qua till nghigm eho thdy dd bd tudng phdn ddng thugng luu nhd mdy thdy didn nhung kha ndng thdo eda tidn khdng tdng nhilu Do tudng nhd mdy thdy di|n cd huih dgng vudng gdc ciing ldm dnh hudng din kha ndng thdo edatidn.Voi nhting edp luu lugng Idn thi mye nude xdp xi PATK, edn vdi nhiing cap luu lugng nhd hon (tii cap Q|o/, trd xuong) thi mye nudetiiugngluu Igi cao han khodng 10cm c Tmh hinh thuy luc, ndi tiip ddng chdy Qua quan sdt md hinh eho thdy, ddng chay qua edng trinh xuIng hg luu khdng cdn nude nhdy phdng xa vdi sdng Idn, ddng chdy dm, phdn bd deu hon so vdi PATK - d khu vyc bdn trdi cdng trinh, mdc dii dd bd tudng phdn ddng trude eda nhd mdy thdy dign nhung anh hudng cua tudng tilp gidp nha mdy vdi tran cd hinh dgng vudng gdc nSn kha ndng thdo eiia tran ciing khdng tdng nhilu so vdi PATK - Cdc ddu try pin cd cdu tao hinh trdn nen ddng chdy tu thugng luu qua trdn tgo co hep Idn khien myc nude tidn dinh trdn tai vitiisau khe van vdn bj lom thdp nhdt khodng 1.30^ 2.60m so vdi mye nude giGa khoMig tidn Myc nude each dmh try pin vdi luu lugng kilm ti^ Qo2%=I792Im /s, myc nude cdch dinh try pin Idn (5m) khodng 26cin, dmh try pm nhd (3m) khoang 38cm, tuong iing vdi cdp luu lugng xem xdt thdm Qo.i«A=I8062mVs muc nude dang cdch dhih cdc try pin tuong iing Id 22cm vd 33cm • KHOA HQC CONG NGHg - Ddng chdy ve hg luu phan bo tuor^ dii (^u tidn long sdng, khdng cdn Men tugr^ ddng lgch phai, ddi^ qudn bd phdi ciing gidm nhdt Id ede xody nude - Dong qudn bd phdi gidm so vdi PATK nhung song van cao khodng 1.50m - Tudng noi vdi try pin rgng 5m dugc hg thdp nen dd hgn ehl dugc hidn tugng tdeh ddng d Van tdc dong chdy Ket qua xdc dinh vgn tdc day vdi 03 edp luu lugng Q=6897; 13767;1792ImVs Qua thi nghigm cho thdy d vimg vat lidu BTCT (than trdn, be tidu ndng) ed v ^ tdc ddy Idn nhdt ciing nhd hon lO.Om/s Vdng long sdng sau bl tidu ndng ed vdn tdc ddy Idn nhdt khodng 6.50m/s, vung ddng qudn bd phai ed van tdc • khodng 2.0-2.50m/s Cdch tim d|ip vd hg luu 29(H-500m vdn tdc mdi bd tiai khodng 2.10-^3.0ni/s, mgch dOng vgn toe 0.02-K).16m/s; vgn tde mai bd phdi khodng 3.8(H4.70m/s, mgeh dgng vgn toe 0.03-K).18m/s So vdi PATK thi ddng quan bd phdi cd van tdc giam khodng 0.5-^1 Om/s, bd trdi phgm vi ddng qudn ciing gidm va vdn tdc gidm xkp xi Om/s Ket qua thi nghiem phvong dn van hanh van a Kha nang thao Dd xdc (^nh khd ndng thdo eda tidn xd lii, don vi thi nghidm dd thyc hidn 08 cdp luu lugng Tir muc nude h i khing ehl xdc dinh luu lugng xd tuang ling Tong hgp ket qud tin nghiem neu d Bang Bang Kha nang thao che dg v^n hanh van TT Chdd$ Md cira a=2m Md cuta a=2ra Ma cira a=2m Mo cira a=3m Md ciia a=4m Md cira a=6m Md ciia a=8m Md hoan toan Cu^van ZTL Qtrin-TN ZHL (m) (m'/s) (m) 7;6 7;6;8 7;6;8;5;9 7;6;8;5;9 7;6;8;5;9 7;6;8;5;9;2 7;6;8;5;9;2;4;3;1 46,50 46,50 46,50 46,50 46,50 46,50 46,50 47,90 180 601 934 2251 2966 4271 6527 14008 26,80 27,98 28,76 31,33 32,58 34,68 37,43 45,66 Qud bdng tren cho thdy sai sd luu lugng tinh toan va thi nghidm khodng 4%-^I9% (luu lugng thi nghiem Idn b a n tinh todn), chi cd mgt trudng hgp md ciia a=2m thi luu lugng thi nghigm nhd ban so vdi tinh todn b Tinh hinh thuy lyc, n i l t i l p ddng chdy Quan sdt thi nghiem trdn md hinh cd mOt sd vdn d l thiiy lye chinh nhu sau: - Phia trudc cira van vgn hdnh xudt hidn cdc phdu xody cd dudng kinh tii 1.50-^3.Om dnh hudng den khd ndng thdo ciia trdn (Anh 4) Qtrin-TT Ghi chii 289 577 866 2094 2695 3771 5467 13767 Anh Pheu xody thugng lim cua van - Khi van lianh van vdi dg md nhd a=2m (md 1, 2, cua): + Ddng chdy qua khe van vl luu xudt hi^n nude nhdy khdng hodn chinh, cd nude nhdy thii cdp phia sau (Anh 5) TAP CH( TAl NGUYEN NUOC S6 2-2018 49 • KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Dgmda=2m(CV7) Dg md a=2m (CV 7,6) , • Do md a=2m (CV 7,6,8) Anh Dong chdy sau trdn van hanh dp m& a=2, Om + Khi vdn hdnh nhdng khoang phia ben phdi am tgi mdt sd vi tii dudng cong m^t ti^ phia cdng timh, d khu vyc phia b l tidu nang nhftng sau cua van, each tim tidn khodng 17.0m vdi gia khoang dong c6 ddng qudn va vao bd phdi va tri Idn nhat khodng -1.58niH20 Nhu vdy eo the thdy dp suat dm xuat hign d tudng dan ddng thi cdng - Qua quan sdt md Wnh eho thdy, ddng chdy vung luu mgt cat trdn, sau eda van phdng qua edng tiinh dd xuIng hg luu tao nude nhdy Kdt qua ndy cung phd hgp vdi ket qud vdn sdng cdc bl tidu ndng ehua xuat hidn nude tdc ddng chdy d tren vi vimg ed dp suat dm cimg nhdy ng|p (ngay cd bl cd cao trinh ddy V18.60m Id vimg cd vdn t i e ddng chdy Idn nhdt d tidn vdi Q=6897 m^/s Ddng chdy sau trdn Id nhdy mat tidn khodng I9.0m/s Thyc te qua thi nghigm nhilu md hinh eho thdy ddi vdi cong song, gan nhu chdy qua sdn gia cd bdng BTCT trinh cd ciia van phdng thudng xudt hign dp suat c Vgn tdc dong chay Kit qud xac dinh vdn tdc ddy ciia cae chd dg am sau eda van vi dinh dgp phdng mgt dogn kha ddi sau dd mdi lugn cong ndn chiu dnh hudi^ vdn hdnh van cho thdy: Viing nua sau than tran (sau ciia van) ed van eua ddng chdy sau khe van Vdi gid tii dp suat toe day Idn nhdt khodng gdn 19.0m/s, mach dm Idn nhdt khodng -3.50mH2O De an todn co dOng van tde khodng 0.605m/s Do phdi chgn the dung thdng khe van, dung Mdc be Mac be tdng cho phu hgp tdng cdt thdp cao, thi cdng dam bdo nhdm Vimg bl tieu ndng cd vgn toe ddy Idn nhat d e, Xdc djnh dp suat m^ch dpng ddu be khoang I7.50m/s Kdt qud thi nghiem xdc dinh mgch d$ng dp Vung hg luu ldng dan sau trdn cdch tim dgp sudt cho cdc trudng hgp van hanh van eho thay: 90m ed van toe ddy gan lO.Om/s • Vdi dp md a=2m: Ap sudt mgch ddng Idn Vung hg Iim ldng dan sau tidn cdch tim dap nhdt d dau b l tieu ndng khodng 0,50m H20, 500m ed vdn tde ddy khodng 3.50m/s chdn mdi bd phdi khodng 0,40m H (ung vdi Van tdc cudi kdnh xd khodng 3.70m/s; vfn trudng hgp md I cvta van sd 7) tie mdi kenh xd han 2.0m/s - Vdi dd md a=3m: Mgch dOng dp sudt Idn Van toe mdi bd phdi khodng 5.40ni/s nhdt d ddu b l tieu ndng khodng 0.97mH2O, d Xdc dinh ap suat trung bmh ddng chdy chdn mai bd phdi khodng 0,37mH2O Ket qud thi nghidm vdi cdc trudng hgp vdn - Vdi dg md a=4m: Mgch dgng dp sudt Idn hdnh van cho thdy: nhdt d ddu b l tidu ndng khodng 0,77mH2O, - Vdi dd md a