Tieu ban Sinh thdi Moi tnrong vd qudn ly Bien CO CHE PHAT TRIEN Si\CH (CDM) TRONG NGANH CONG NGHIEP DAU KHI VIET NAM - CO HQI VA THACH THU'C Nguyin Buc Huvnh Nguyen Giam d6c TT NCPT An Todn va M6i Truong DK Le Thi Phuyng - TT Ut> & CGCN - VDK Email: ndhuvnh pv@vahoo.com.vn Nghi dinh thu Kyoto ndm 1997, cgt mdc quan trgng no lire todn cdu vi bdo v4 moi tru&ng vd phdt trien ben virng Ldn ddu tien chinh phu cdc nuac tham gia nghi dinh thu dd chdp nhdn su rang bugc vi mgt phdp ly ddi v&i mire phdt thdi gdy hieu hi$u un^ nhd kinh (GHG) cua minh Nghi dinh thu da dua cdc ca chi hgp tdc nhdm muc dich dgt dugc chi tieu gidm phdl thdi GHG doi vai cdc nuac phdt trien, dong th&i ho trg phdt trien bin vitng & cdc nuac dang phdt trien Bdi viit ndy se di cap t&i mgt so ngi dung chinh cua CDM ca hgi vd thdch thirc qud trinh thuc hien cdc du dn CDM nganh cdng nghiep ddu Viet nam ddng th&i mgnh dan di xudt cdc biin phdp cdn thuc thi thai gian t&i v&i mong mudn cd the ddng gdp "doi diiu " di PVN vugt qua cdc thdch thirc va tan dung tiim ndng to lan ve CDM ciia nghdnh nhdm dem Igi Igi nhuan tdi da sdn xudt kinh doanh md vdn thuc hi$n tiiu chi "Phdt triin bin vitng " cho nganh cdng nghi$p ddu Viet nam CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM (CDM) IN PETROLIUM INDUSTRIAL O VIETNAM - OPPORTUNITY AND CHALLENGES With agreement from 37 induslrilized countries and the EU Kyoto Protocol is a global world where the polluting party pays the cost of their emissions The goal is to achieve emissions reductions, where it is the most cost-effective Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a market based instrument under Kyoto Protocol ofUNFCCC: - Assits developing countries in suistairiable development while at the same time contributing to the ultimate objective of the convention - Developed countries to support project activities that reduce GHG emissions in the Developng Countries in return for Certified Emission Reduction (CER 's)/Carbon Credits The Kyoto Protocol sets GHG emissions redudction targets for developed countries including Economies Transition 5.2% calculated from the base-year emissions 1990 Hoi nghi Khoa hpc vd Cdng nghj bien todn qudc ldn thi 134 I Stf lirgx: ve ccr che phat trien sach (Clean Development Mechanism-CDM) Co chi phat triin sach (CDM) la co chg hpp tac qudc xk mod Enh v\rc m6i trucmg giira cdc qu6c gia dang phat trien va cac quoc gia cong nghi?p h6a nhdm lam gidm phdt thai nha kinh (GREEN HOUSE GAS~GHG) tren pham vi toan ciu dugc thiet l|p trong dieu 12 cua nghj dinh thu Kyoto (thang 12/1997) Voi cam ket phai cat gidm phat thdi GHG, cdc qudc gia c6ng nghiep hoa phdi ddu tu, doi mdi, cai tien c6ng ngh$ vdi chi phi rat t6n kem ma hi$u qua mang Iai khong cao thi c6 mgt each Idm tot hon la tien hdnh dau tu nhiing du dn CDM nhiing quoc gia dang phat trign, noi trinh dp c6ng nghe chua cao, moi trudng chua bj nhiem nang voi chi phi dau tu thap hon nhieu D6i Iai, cdc doanh nghi?p diu tu nhan dugc chung chi giam phat thdi da dugc cong nhan (CEIU) d6 dap ung chi tieu giam phat thdi ciia quoc gia Cung voi cac co che khac cua nghi dinh thu Kyoto, CDM giiip cho vi?c thiet lap mgt khuon kho phdp ly mang tinh toan ciu cho cho cac budc khoi ddu nham kiem chS va ki6m sodt xu hucmg gia tang phat thdi gay hieu umg nhd kinh (GHG), dua cdc muc tieu giam phdt thdi chinh va thoi gian thuc hien cho cdc nudrc phat trien (cdc nude c6ng nghi?p), h6 trg, khuy6n khich cac nuoc dang phdt triln thuc hi?n cdc du an than thien voi moi trudng nhlm phdt triln bin vimg 1.1 MIIC H@U Vdi 159 quoc gia tham gia I^ nghi dinh thu Kyoto vao ndm 1997, 39 qu6c gia cong nghiep phat trien da cam kit cdt gidm sdn lugng thai CO2 xuong miic 5,2% cua nam 1990 Tuy nhien sau My vd Uc da tu ch6i tham gia nghi dinh thu nen san lugng thai CO2 dugc cdt giam din nam 2012 chi cdn 1,8% so vdi nam 1990 [1] Hinhl Cam kit gidm thieu thdi CO2 cua 38 qudc gia cong nghiep phdt triin tren the gidiflj Tiiu ban Sinh thdi, Mdi tru&ng vd qudn ly Bien 1.2 Ph^m vi va cac dieu kifn cua cdc di^ An CDM Pham vi: Cd 15 ITnh vyc khac thugc phgm vi thirc hien cdc du dn CDM , nhien cac kilu dir dn CDM ma Viet nam va cdc qu6c gia khac tren thi gidi da dang ky thuc hien thudng t^p trung vdo cdc ITnh vuc sau day: Cdc du dn ITnh vuc sdn xudt nang lugng Du dn sii dying hgp 1^ nang lugng Nhdm du an giao thdng Cdc du an ITnh v\rc khai khoang hay khai md Nhom du dn rimg hay tai tao rung Nhdm dir an phat thdi nhien li?u Du an "Thu h^i va sii dung ding hdnh tir md R^g ddng" cua Viet nam la d\r dn dau tien trSn thi gidi da dugc LiSn hgp quoc cdp chiing chi CERs [2] Sieu kifn: Mgt du an CDM chi cd thS thuc hien dugc du an dd dap ling day du cdc CKIU ki§n sau day: Ap dung cho cdc nude dang phdt triSn Du an de xuat phai chiing minh dugc hoat dgng nhd dd gidm dugc phat thdi GHG Chiing minh tinh ben vung va hgp phdp Tinh khd thi cua du an phdi dugc dap iing cd CDM va dugc can nhdc trudc thyc hi6n du an Dang ky du an CDM vdi co quan thdm quyen qudc gia Viet Nam (DNA) va LHQ Bdn chiing nhdn gidm phdt thdi (CERs) cho cdc nude dd phdt trien Khdng sir dung quy c6ng vd ngu6n vdn ODA de thuc hien du an L2 Cac loai gay hi^u ung nha kinh (GHG) Da phin cac ngu6n nhi^n lieu khdng the tai tao nhu than dd ddu, hi dit chay se sdn sinh hang loat cdc loai khac gay nhiem moi trudng dd bao gdm: CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs, PFCs, SFfi Theo nghi dinh thu Kyoto loai kl tren bj thit thodt quyen thi chiing sS c6 khd ndng pha hiiy ting Ozon va gay hieu ung nha kinh va bat ky sg giam thieu nao cua mot loai thi deu cd the xem xet dS thuc hiSn du dn CDM 1.3 Cac birdc thyc hi^n du- dn CDM Cac budc triln khai mgt dy dn CDM la khdng don gian nhien cd thi tdm tdt qui trinh thyc hien cdc du an CDM phai ddm bdo dugc hai tinh chit sau day: Hgi nghi Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe biin toan quoc ldn thi, V 136 Hinh Thi truang tin dung gidm phdt thdi (tin dung Carbon) "Tmh bSn vung" cua du an-Ld su ddnh gid tdc dgng cua du dn CDM ddi vdi sy phat trien b6n virng ciia nuoc chu nhd nhu Vi?t nam chang han Mgi quoc gia c6 thS xdc dinh tieu chi "bSn viing" cho rieng minh "Tinh bd sung' ciia d\r an- Id y nghla ve mat mdi trudng cua nhd dau tu, se giam dugc bdng viec gidm phat thdi GHG Thi trudng mua bdn tin chi cdc bon (CERs) tren todn cdu phdt trien rat nhanh chdng N6u nam 2005 mdi cd 11,1 ty tin thi nam 2006 la 29,6 ty tin, nam 2007 Id 59,4 ty tin vd nam 2008 la 94,8 X^ tin va dy kiSn vdo nam 2012 s6 ndy se Id 4001^ tin [1] 1.5 Cac CO s& pbdp ly, th chirc thijrc Men, thu ti^c dang k^ vd phS duy^t cdc dir an CDM tai Viet nam Ctf sdphdp-ly Nhdn thiic dugc tim quan trgng ciia nghi dinh thu Kyoto nSn Viet nam da sdm tham ^ nghi dinh thu ndy Ci nude chinh phu Viet nam cung da timg budc ban hdnh nhiSu van bdn phdp luat khde nham tao dieu kien thuan Igi cho cdc td chiic, ca nhan thuc hien CDM d Viet nam.Trong dd ddng luu y nhdt Id: Chi thi 35/2005/CT-TTg 17 thang 10 nam 2005 cda Chmh phu va thuc hi&i Nghi djnh thu Kyoto vd, Thdng tu lien tich s6: 58/2008/TTLT-BTC-BTN & MT ngdy thdng nam 2008 hudng din thvrc hien mgt sd dilu cua quylt dinh 130/2007/QD-TTg ngdy thdng Tieu ban Sinh thai Moi truang vd qudn ly Bien ndm 2007 ve mgt sd co che, chinh sach tai chinh ddi vdi du an dau tu theo co che phdt trien sach 1.6 Cac phuong ph^p ludn dp diing cho cac du an CDM nganh cdng nghiep dau D I mdt dy an CDM dugc UNFCCC chap thu|in thi dy dn dd phai su dung it nhlt mdt cdc phucmg phdp luan da dugc -Lien hgp qudc phe duyet Hien mdi chi cd khoang 50 phuong phap ludn da dugc Lien hgp qudc ph£ duyet dang dp dung cho tat cd cdc du an dang trien khai trSn toan thS gidi [2] Mgt sd phuong phdp ludn dudi day da dugc Lien hgp qudc phS duyet de danh gia cdc du an CDM cho nganh cdng nghiep dau khi: AM 0009 - "Thu h6i vd sir dung tir cdc gieng khoan ma nlu khdng lam the thi phai dot bd" (Recovery and utilization of gas from wells that v/ould otherwise be flared) AM 0037 - "Giam thieu vi?c d6t bd va su dung a cac thiet hi xii ly dau va khi" (Flare reductions and gas utilization at oil and gas processing facilites) • AC 009 - "Phuong phdp nen da dugc bd xung cho viec chuyen doi nhi6n li$u cdng nghiep tir than, dd, dau bang thien nhien" (Consolidated baseline methodology for Industrial fuel switching from coal or petroleum fuel to natural Mpt sd phuong phdp l u ^ khac da dugc phe duyet cd liSn quan tdi cdng nghi?p dau khi: AM 0023 - "Giam thilu su rd ri tir he thdnp phan phdi thien nhien bang cdch thay thi cdc 6ng ddn cii bing gang bdng cac dng nhya polyethylen" (Leak reduction from a natural gas grid by replacing old cast iron pipe with polyethylene pipes) Cac phuong phap l u ^ da dugc de trinh cho viec thu hdi vd tdng trii CO2 nhung van chua dugc phe duy?t la; NM 0167 Oil Field, Vietnam NM0I68 LPG Processing, Malaysia 1.7 Mot so dijr an CDM da va dang triln khai d^ nganli dau khi.[7] Dy an thu hdi va sii dung ddng hanh md Rang ddng Sd tin dung phdt thdi ciia du dn: 6.74 trieu tan CERs S6 CERs da nhdn dugc qua dy dn (3/2008): 4,4 trieu tin CERs Ddng gdp cua du dn;Tdng them ngudn sach, Dien sach (thay the diesel), gidm thieu d nhiem, gidm nh^p khiu LPG Dy an sur dyng thien nhien phdt dien tai nha may dien chu trinh h6n hgp Nhon Trach 137 238 Hgi nghi Khoa hgc vd Cdngngh? biin todn qudc ldn thu S6 tin dung phat thdi; 1,000,000 Tdn CO2 / nam Tdng ngudn thu hang sudt thoi gian tin dung lOnamdiu: 120.000.000 USD Du an xu ly nude thai thu hdi Biogas dy dn Ethanol Qudng Ngai va Phii Thg S6 tin dung phdt thai: 180.000 Tdn CO2 / nam Tdng ngudn thu giai d o ^ tin dung 10 ndm dau cua dy an: 18 trieu USD Du dn thu hdi ding hdnh tai vdm bac md B^ch Hd S6 tin dung phdt thai: 120.000 Tdn CO2/ nam Tdng ngudn thu giai doan tin dung 10 ndm diu cua du dn: USD 14.400 000 USD/nam Du an thu gom ddng hanh md Nam Rdng - Ddi mdi S6 tin dung phdt thdi (14ndm) 6.346.078 CERs Tdng ngudn thu cua du dn > 63 tri$u USD II Cof hoi va thach thirc cho viec triin khai cac du an CDM d PVN II.l.Ticm nang giam phat thai gay hi|u ung nha kinh (GHG) nganh cong nghiep dau (Chi gidi han cho CH4) Cd thi ndi nganh cdng nghiep ddu kh! chiia dung mgt tiem nang to ldn ve kha ndng gidm thieu phdt thdi GHG Kha ndng t6n tai d tdt cd cac cdng doan hogt dgng tir tham khai thac, van chuyen,tang trii den Igc ddu, chS bien dau va phdn phoi san pham Cd nhimg nghien cim cho thdy hang ndm cd tdi 150-170 bcm (billions cubic meter) thien nhien dd bi dot bd tren toan the gioi, chiem tdi 25% lugng tieu thu dot hdng nam cua cd nude My dieu ciing ddng nghia co them 400 trieu tin CO2 thai vao quyen mdi nam [4] Mdt ket qua khde d chuong trinh nghien ciiu "lEAGHG" ciia co quan nguyen tu qudc te (lEA) cho thay hang nam nganh cdng nghiep diu toan cdu da thai tir 40-70 trieu tan CH4 vao quyen [5], sd sd se cang cd y nghTa ta biet rang mdi tan CH4 cd miic gay hieu iing nha kinh tuong duong 21 tin CO2 qui ddi Tap doan ddu quIc gia Viet nam (PVN) hang nam khai thdc tren 24 triSu tin dau qui ddi tir hang chuc md diu/khi khac nhau, cd mgt he thing kho cang va dudng dng ddn tuong Iai gdn dai tdi hang ngan km, da cd nha may loc diu Dung quit vd dang xdy dung hai td hgp Igc hda diu khac, cd cdc nha mdy nhiet dien, thuy dien du kiln cd the san xuat tdi 30% san lugng di?n qudc gia vao nam 2015, da va se cd hai nha mdy sdn xudt phan dam vd da va dang xay dung ba nha may san xuit cdn sinh hgc cdng suat OO.OOOtin/nha mdy Vi vay cd thi khdng dinh PVN cd mgt tilm nang ddi dao va phong phii de triln khai cdc dy an CDM cac hoat ddng ciia mUih gdp phin tich cue vao viec giam thilu phat thdi GHG d Viet nam ILl.l.Tim nang giam phat thai GHG a khau dau (upstream) ciia PVN [6] CJ cac gilng khai thac (thu hdi thira d ddu mieng gilng) d cac md PVN hay cac nha thiu diu dang khai thac Tieu ban Sinh thdi, Mdi tnr&ng vd qudn ly Bien Sir dung ddng hdnh vdi muc dich khde hon la dot bd vi du nhu d md Bsich hd, Rang ddng, Su tii den, d dudng dng ddn khi, tram van, tram bom nen cua cdc tuyIn dudng dng ddn Bach hl-Dinh cd, Lan Tay/Lan Dd-Dinh cd, PM3-Cd mau hay Dinh cd-Cdng Cai mep Tir viec bdo duong, hoat dimg boat dgng cua cac dudng 6ng din kl trSn CJ cdc thdp ddt bd thiia ciia cdc gieng khoan dang khai thdc dau Thu hdi hoi tir cdc be chiia dau th6 (bao gdm d cac kho chiia diu d ngoai khoi, condensat) Thu hdi CO2 tir dau/khi dugc khai thac vd bom trd Iai via dl tang thSm h? sd thu hdi dau (6 md PM3, mo Thien LTng tuong Iai.) Han che/giam thieu sy rd ri tir cac dudng dng ddn n.1.2 Tim nang giam phdt thai GHG d khau sau (downstream) cua PVN[6] O khdu sau cua nganh cdng nghiep ddu Viet nam, eg hgi giam phat thai GHG thudng nam d cac hogt dgng liSn quan tdi cac qua trinh xu ly vd chi biln diu/ dl tgo cac sdn phdm thuong mai mdi, chi tiet hon la nSn trdnh viec ddt thira, hoac cd the thu hdi nhi^t thdi cung nhu giam thieu tdi da su rd ri cu the : • O cdc thdp chung cat, Id sinh nhi^t cua cdc nha mdy loc ddu Dung quat, hoac d cdc td hgp loc hda dau d Nghi xuan- Thanh Hda hay Long son-Bd ria Vung Tau • CJ phan xudng xir ly, ddt du d cdc nha mdy loc hda ddu cua PVN • Rd ri tir cac tram van ciia dudng dng dan cdc td hgp loc hda ddu • Trong bao duong hay dimg hoat dgng cdc dudng Ing dan ke tren CJ cdc tram bom thien nhien hay ddng hanh Do du bi chdy kh6ng hoan todn d cdc nha may Igc hda dau Hd tii cdc van vd cac mdt bic cua dudng dng dan ngi bg cac nhd may loc hda dau • CJ cac qua trinh hay noi thdng hoi ciia cdc be chiia dau thd hay cac sdn phim cua cdc nha may Igc hda diu • CJ cac Id ddt chit thai ciia cdc dy dn dau cua PVN n.l3 Tiem nang giam phat thai GHG tir cac hoat dong san xuat khac cua PVN • Thu hdi CO2 tir cac dy dn Amoniac/urea de gia tang san lugng urea Tgn dung nhi?t du thira tir chu trinh dem cua de lap chu trinh ddi d cdc nha mdy nhiet dien chay cua PV Power 13 J40 Hdi nghj Khoa hgc vd Cong ngh? biin todn qudc ldn thu Chuyin ddi nang lugng cdng nghiep (thay thi than, xSng, diu diesel, dau cdn bdng thien nhien) cho cdc nha may dien cda PV Power hay cdc dich vu cua PV Gas Nhien li?u sinh hgc tir cdc nha mdy san xuit cdn sinh hgc cua PVN Sir dung ndng lugng cd thi tdi tgo (thuy di?n, gid, dia nhiet, nang lugng mgt trdi) tir cac du an ciia PV Power Biogas (Nude thai tii cac nha mdy cin smh hoc.) n.2.Thdch thirc cho vif c trien khai cdc du an CDM d PVN Mu6n tham gia thyc hien cdc dy an CDM thi cac nude phai ddp iing ba dieu kien sau day: Ty nguyen tham gia Chi djnh eo quan qudc gia ve CDM Phe duyet nghj dinh thu Kyoto Viet nam da dap iing ca ba dilu ki?n neu tren, nhung vifc trien khai cac dy dn CDM nirdc ta ndi chung vd d nganh cdng nghiep dau ndi rien^ thyc su la chua tuong xung vdi tiem nang cung nhu mong mudn cua chiing ta Thi du cho dieu riay la sd du dn CDM d Vi?t nam da va dang thim dinh, phe duyet vd thyc hien chi chilm chua din 5% sd du dn tuong ty d nude lar^ gilng Trun^ qudc,[2] Rieng nganh cdng nghiSp diu den ciing mdi chi cd du dn CDM ve ddng hanh ciia md Rgng ddng la nhgn dugc chiing chi CERs cua Li8n hgp quIc, mgt s6 qud khiem tdn cho mgt nganh kinh te miii nhgn hang nam ddng gdp tren 15% [7] GDP cua cd nude vd cd rit nhilu co hgi d& triSn khai CDM Theo chiing tdi viec triln khai cac du dn CDM ciia PVN da gdp nhimg rao can sau day: - Nhgn thuc va hiiu bilt vl bdn chdt cua CDM va nghj dinh thu Kyoto ciia mgt bg phdn khdng nhd cdn bg, nhdn vien lam vi^c nganh dau la rat hgn chi va thieu sau sdc, cd ngudi thi hieu CDM chi la bien phap ling phd vdi mdi trudng, ngudi khac thi hieu CDM chi id CO hgi kinh doanh rat it ngudi hieu rang CDM la mgt sy hgp tdc cung cd Igi giita cac nude gidu vdi cac nude ngheo de gidm thieu sy ndng len ciia trdi dit va dem Igi Igi ich lau ddi cho nude ngheo -Thilu cdc chinh sach cu thi de khuyin khich nganh diu triln khai CDM, ciing nhu chua Idng ghep CDM (hay mdt hinh thiic tuong ta khac sau ndm 2012) vao chiln luge phat triln cua nganh ddu - ThiSu cdc thdng tin vd kien thiic viec thuc hien cdc du dn CDM, dilu da lam cho nganh ddu bd Id mgt sd co hgi trien khai CDM d mdt sd dy an cua ngEuih thdi gian qua - Thieu cdn bg chuyen mon sau ve CDM nganh - Cd the viSc tan dung sy hgp tac quIc tl luih vyc CDM chua cao cung nhu sy phii hgp vdi cac ngdnh cdc bg nude chua chdt che ciing la rao can cho PVN chua thi ddy nhanh cac du an CDM nhu y mudn Tieu ban Sinh thdi Moi tru&ng vd qudn lyBien II.3 Mot so kiln nghi - Tuy chua dat dugc kit qua nhu mong mudn nhung PVN van la ngdnh kinh tl Vi?t nam di dau cd nude ve thyc hien co che phdt triln sgch Tuy nhien vdi mong mudn diy nhanh hon viec phdt triln cdc du an CDM cua PVN, ngudi vilt mong muln chia se nhihig y kiln sau day vl cdng tac trien khai CDM cho ngdnh cdng nghifp diu Vi$t nam: - Tdng cudng nhan thiic ciia can bd, cdng nhan viSn PVN vl co chi phdt triln sgch, Igi ich Idu dai md CDM se dem Iai cho doanh nghigp vd cho dit nude Dao tgo nguon nhan luc cd chuyen mdn vl CDM dgc biet chii y ddo tao cho nh&ng ngudi lam vi$c d nhihig noi cd kha ndng phat triln cac dy an CDM - PVN nen de xuit vdi cdc co quan chiic ndng Viet nam &k din dan hodn thien cdc chinh sdch dong bd vl luat le, tdi chinh va cdng nghe lien quan tdi CDM Trong dd dgc biet luu y tdi nhung chinh sdch khuyin khich, hd trg cho cac dy an CDM nhd, lugng CERs khdng nhieu cung nhu gidm bdt qui trinh, thu tuc triln khai CDM d Vi$t Nam dl nhilu don vi sdn xuit de dang tilp can vdi CDM hon - Phat trien nhanh cdc dy an, chuong trinh nghien ciiu vl "chuyin ddi nhien Ii?u" tir cac nhiSn liSu truyen thing nhu than dd, xdng, diu sang dimg nguIn nhien ligu sgch hon nhu thien nhien, sinh hgc - U"u tien phat trien cdc dy an sdn xuit ndng lugng cd thi tai tao nhu: thiiy di$n vira va nhd, nang lugng mat trdi, ndng lugng gid, dia nhiet va bdo dam triln khai cdng CDM thyc hien cdc du an - Td chiic nghien ciiu tinh kha thi cua vi$c thu hdi C02 tir cdc md khai thac diu cua Vi?t nam, tir cdc nha may di?n, dgm de bom xudng via cda cdc md diu nhdm gia tdng khd nang thu hdi dau ma van gidm dugc lugng phdt thdi GHG D I kha nang nhanh chong thdnh hi$n thyc PVN cin phdi hgp vdi bg tai nguySn vd mdi trudng dl Viet nam chiing ta kien nghi len Lien hgp qudc nhanh chdng phe duy$t cac phucmg phap lugn lien quan tdi "Thu hdi vd tdng trii CO2: NM 0167 Oil field, Vietnam & NM 0168 LPG Processing, Malaysia" nham cd co sd ky thuat de trien khai cdc du dn "thu hdi vd chdn Idp CO2 d Viet nam va PVN Ket luan Ngdnh cdng nghiep dau Viet Nam - Nganh kinh te mui nhgn ciia dat nude ciing dang thi hien vai trd di ddu cua minh vi?c phat trien ben viing mgt ngdnh cdng nghiep quan trgng cua dat nude De thyc hien dugc muc tieu "Phat trien ben vihig" PVN dang trien khai hang logt cdc bien phdp cy the nham giii virng da tdng trudng ve kinh te song van bdo ddm tiSu chi ve mdi trudng ma viec gidm thilu tdi da lugng chit thai dgc hai vd timg budc phdt triln cdc cdng nghe it tieu thy cac bon Id budc phat triln hgp ly PVN dang theo dudi 14 142 Hgi nghi Khoa hgcvd Cong nghe bien loan quoc ldn thu V De dat dugc hai tieu chi nay, PVN can phdi vugt qua cdc rdo cdn hi$n huu de thy:c hien CO che phdt trien sach-CDM cdc hoat dgng sdn xuat kinh doanh Id mot bien phdp hihi hieu vd khd thi Ket thiic bdi viet ndy, tdc gid-ld nhihig ngudi da va dang cd nhilu ndm gdn bo vdi cdng tac an todn va bdo ve mdi trudng dau xin giii tdi bgn dgc suy nghi cua minh vl CDM: "TTidi gian la tien Moi ngdy trdi qua Id da danh mit nhOng Igi nhuan tg ldn dem Iai tir CO che phdt triln sach-CDM" ( Time is money every we lose is a day of lot COM revenues! TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] Clean Development Mechanism-CDM Projects-Polar Designstodio 4/2009 [2] Clean Development Mechanism Project Design document form 9/2009 [3] Nhan T Nguyen; Minh Ha-Duong; Sandra Grainer l/2010.The Clean Development Mechanism in Viemam: Potential and Limitation [4] Fmancing Oil & Gas sector - Gas Recovery and Flare Reduction Project, Monterrey 28 January,2009 [5] IPCC- Revised 1996, IPCC guideline for National GHG Inventories, Reence Manuel Vol.3 [6] CDM Opportunites in Oil & Gas Sector, EcoSecuryties-2008 [7] Bdo cdo tdng kit cdng tdc ndm 2009 vd triln khai cdng tdc ndm 2010 cua PVN Ngiceti dgc nhdn xet: TSKH Nguyin Tdc An ... cdu phdt trien rat nhanh chdng N6u nam 2005 mdi cd 11,1 ty tin thi nam 2006 la 29,6 ty tin, nam 2007 Id 59,4 ty tin vd nam 2008 la 94,8 X^ tin va dy kiSn vdo nam 2012 s6 ndy se Id 4001^ tin [1]... Viet nam .Trong dd ddng luu y nhdt Id: Chi thi 35/2005/CT-TTg 17 thang 10 nam 2005 cda Chmh phu va thuc hi&i Nghi djnh thu Kyoto vd, Thdng tu lien tich s6: 58/2008/TTLT-BTC-BTN & MT ngdy thdng nam. .. cdc dir an CDM tai Viet nam Ctf sdphdp-ly Nhdn thiic dugc tim quan trgng ciia nghi dinh thu Kyoto nSn Viet nam da sdm tham ^ nghi dinh thu ndy Ci nude chinh phu Viet nam cung da timg budc ban