CONG NCllE SAN XUAT NUOC NGQT KIET HOP CAP DIEN B A N G NANG LUONG MAT TROT CHO HAI DAO VIET NAM \nuycn Eliii Bjic, Pham Viin Duy, Luong Ngpc Giiip Vien Khoa hoc nang hrgng.l - I loimg Quoc Viet, Gau Gia> I la Noi liniail haibacngu\cn9001'« gmail.com Tom tat: I ice Cling Clip mrdc ngiil clui cue hai dao xa hd: khu vuc ven hicn elm dC'n vdii dung la rdn dc m'mg a nhien qiidc giu Ircn the gidt Nhiiu llidnh lini klioa hoc cong nghe du dai duac Irong linh virc ndy Tren ca sit nghiin ciru long hap cdc ihdnh lira du iliil duoc Iren llw gidi Irong hui bdo ndy nhdin idc gia da ddnh gid lua chon ilmfc cong nghe \iin xiidl dong thai mrdc ngol vd dien ni ngudn ndng linmg indl Irdi Ihich hop cho cdc dieu kien dac lint 17t.'/ Kaiu IRFSII \VATI:R PRODUCTION Tl-XIINOI.OGY CGMBININC; WH'II Gi:Ni:RAi"iON Ol' I'OW i-R I'ROM SOLAR l-.NIiRGY IN VlliTNAM LSl.AND ARI:AS ,\Vjiii/£/£n:v, llie supply fresh water for ofj-ihore island ami coast would be important at more nations in the world There is more scientific advance in this sector Base on general research of advances in Ihe world, author of this article esliinated .selected fresh water production technolog}' that combine with geueralion of power from solar energy in Vietnam condition MO DAU ^ Ti-ong nhung na,il gin day vln dl xir ly nude Ig nude biin dl san xuit nuoc sach eung cap cho cac khu vuc dan sinh dang trd nan het sue d p bach tai nhilu quic gia Viel Nam la nude cd htin 3200km bo biin hang tram cua song, cac viing ven biin hai dao van da nude ngpl hit sire quan trpng sinh hoat eung nhu phat triln kinh ll xa hpi tai nhicu dia phuong Tuy nhien xu ly nude biin blng qua trinh khir mudi la cong nghc sir dung nhicu nang lugng va chi phi cong nghe rlt cap lai cac nuoc dang phat triln Sir dung nBng lugng tai tao dl xir ly nude biin qua qua trinh khir mudi tai cac nude cd licm nang dang la xu the hicn nay, dac biet la cho cac hai dao noi chua cd dien ludi ding thdi cd tha eung cap bo sung ngudn nang lugng irong qua trinh van hanh cho muc dich dan sinh Trong uu lian vice khai thac sit dung nang lugng mat Irdi tai nhiing nude cd dilu kicn btrc xa tot Theo nhicu ket qua nghien ciru danh gia lin cay khu vuc tit miln Trung Vict Nam trd vao cd diau kicn hire xa rat tot cho vice img dung cong nghc Tien han \'dng hrgng Ky llnidl cdng irinh Van lai vd Cong nghe BiC-n 'fren ca sa nghien ciru long hgp cac cong nghc IrCMi the giai Irong bai bao dc cap so chgn hai cong nghe khir muOi bicn tin cay hicn la tham thau ngugc (RO) \'a nen hai (VC) Irong diiju kicn Vict Nam Dien nang eung cap lir he thong Chao thu-dgng ca Stirling hoac nhii may dien mat Iri^i (co xcl liri vice noi luai) Dien luoi sir dung nhu nguon on dinh \i\ eung la nai tieu thu dien du thira van hanh he Ihong san xual dugc Ket qua linh loan dien hinh la ca sa Irong vice kicn nghj lira chgn cong nghc phii hgp dieu kien Viet Nam I LUA CHON CONG NGHE SAN XUAT NUOC SACH t Cong nghe khii' muoi co' ban va dac diem Cong nghc khir muoi gom nhom co ban la tham thau ngugc (RO) va nen hai (VC) nang lugng sir dung la dien hoac ca nang Ve dac diem cong nghe qua trinh nen hoi tao nuoc cat va chii yeu dugc sir dung cac ho ihong xir ly nuac bicn quy mo nho Nuac bien can dugc xir ly truac va can nhicu nang lirmig 'f rong \'ai chi phi thap han va tieu thu it nang lugng han VC, RO c6 the san xuiil nuac uong \'a Ihucrng dugc sir dung cho ca nuoc Ig va nuoc bicn vai dai quy mo rgng niii khong can iilurng bo irg nag khac NInmg dac diem iren se dugc lam ro va dinh luong cu the qua linh toan dien hinh duoi day Cong nghe cap dien cho qua trinh khii' muoi tur nang lirong mat troi Vai cac nha may quy mo nho lam pin mat trai thuang dugc su" dung de chuyen doi birc xa true licp ihimh dien Do chi phi cho pin mat trai hien da giam manh (8$ nam 2005 4$ nam 2010) vay doi vai cong nghe khir muoi co the sir dung ca he thong Chao/dgng co Stirling hoac dan Pin mat troi 2.1 lie thong chao thudong CO' Stirling: Tam tap trung nhiet Thanh phan chinh ciia he thong bao gom [1]: -Chao tap trung birc xa Parabol; true cao 36 Kgt cau (J&Stirling -Bg trao doi nhiet mat lioi; -Dgng ca Stirling va may phat; - Dan quanh chao thu Dieu khien cao dp -He ihong theo doi; ll'inh I Sado cdu tao he ihdng Dislt/Stirling " Mong be tong cot t h e p 2.2 Be thdng dien mat troi tap trung: hxvetteilM.ky lain ap Dong ho LnvifKen ^ pirn 01^ Hinh Sa nguyen ly he thong dien mat trai tap trung To hffp cong nghe khir muoi va giai phap cap dien Nhin chung nguon nang lugng mat trai eo dac diim phu thugc tu nhien nen thieu on dinh, khii muoi la qua trinh dugc thiet ke van hanh on dinh, lien tuc Do vay viec sir diing nang lugng mat trai cho qua trinh khir muoi can quan tam tai viec noi luai hoac may phat du phong/nguon tieh trir (acquy) Nguon nang lugng khai thac tir mat trai du thua se dugc cap vao luai hoac nap nguon tich trir va dien ludi/nguon tich trQ se cap cho qua trinh khir muoi biie xa mat trai giam hoac khong co (khi vao ban dem) Vai cong nghe khu mu6i va giai phap cap dien dugc de cap chung ta c6 mgt to hgp cac giai phap san xuat nuae sach tu nuac bien Viec lira chgn giai phap cu the dugc can cu vao ket qua tinh toan dien hinh II TINH TOAN QUY M SAN XUAT DIEN HINH Lira chon quy mo va dilu kien tinh toan dien hinh Quy mo xvr ly (khu mu6i) didn hinh la 1200mVngay dap img nhu cku nuoc sach cho mgt cum dan cu/dao vao khoang 10,000 dan Dien nang eung ckp se dugc tinh toan dap ung quy mo voi diSu kien biic xa mat troi tuang tu khu vyc Da NSng ^aSHBPW«P5w^?5a Tieu han \'ang lugng Ky llnidl cdng Irinh Van lat vd Cdng nghe Bien THAM THAU NGUCC (RO) hllnh Sa nguyen ly mot he thong xu ly nude bien bang cdng nghe khii muoi RO vd VC Ket qua tinh toan cho quy mo dien hinh 2.1 Cdc thong so ky thuat cdng nghe khd- muoi Bang 2.1 Thdng so ky thuat cua cong nghe khu muoi [1] Thong s6\C6ng nghe RO VC Sd don vj khir mudi Cdng suat san xuat Iheo gid (m^/h) 10 25 1200 1200 Cdng suat sitn xuat nude Iheo (mVngay) Tiau thu dien nang (kWh/m^) 15 Tong cdng suat danh dinh (kWe) 250 750 Tiau thu dien nang hang nam (MWh/nam) 2190 6570 20 20 Vdng doi (nam) 2.2 Thong so giai phdp cap dien tu nang luang mat trdri: Theo tiem hang buc xa mat trai tai khu vuc lap dat lua chgn quy mo to may don vi va so to may dap ung nhu cau dien ning cua cac cong nghe khu muoi a) He thong chao thu/Dgng.ca Stirling : Bang 2.2 Thdng so ky ihudt ciia he Ihong Ciing suat danh dinh (Pu) lOkWc Sd may 13 vdi RO/38 vdi VC Duong kinh chao thu 8,5m Dien lich chao thu (S) 56,7m2 17% lieu suit trung binh hang nam 230MWh/nam Dien cap vao ludi dia phuong/tich trir b) Tram dien mat troi tap trung: Bdng 2.3 Thong si ky thudl cua he thing cdp dien bang Tin mat troi SOOkW vo-i RO/ IMW voi VC Cong suat lap dat don vj Loai pin sir dung P-Si Dien tieh chieni dat 15m2/kW Hieu suat pin 16%-20% Dien cdp vao luai dja phuang/tich trir 180MWh/nam 2.3 Ddnh gid suat dan tu- v&i quy mo dien ITnih Vai he th6ng diin hinh nhu tren chi phi d4u tu cho cac cong nghe va giai phap cap dien nhu sau: Bdng 2.3 Sudl chi phi cho cdc gidi phdp san xudt nude sach [I], [3J Hang muc Suat dau tir Chi phi van hanh, bao dir&ng Cong nghc khir muoi USD/m' USD/m' Tham thau ngugc 2250 0,7 Nen hai 3500 San xuat dien 0,6 USD/kW Dpng CO Stirling 5000 35 Pin mat Irdi 4000 15 2.4 Gid san xudt nir&c sach ciia cdc cong nghe: Viec sir dung giai phap cap dien bang nang lugng mat Irdi tiiy thuoc vao dilu kien hire xa khu vuc cu the Do vay gia san xuit nude sjch eung le thuoc rSt nhilu vao dieu kien bite xa Tran co sd tinh loan vdi cac dilu kien khac nhau, gia san xuat nude Tit'U han Ndng luong Ky llnidl cdng Irinh Van lai vd Cdng nghe Bien sach CO th6 tham khao theo bieu sau [1] la) Cong nehe RO - Dien ma,.ri„ • ^ i -^^ (b) Cong n | h e V C - B i e n mat treri ( l ) _ l n v = loaoS/kvv \;^^-^ ^ ™ ^ V • " ~ ^ ~ ~ ^ ~~ J.—,^ - - - • 1700 1300 2100 2300 P)—|(H; = 3mtlS/kW [,^)_lnv = 4000S./kW P)_lfW-50KiS/kW —13 i Bu-c XD mat trW hang nam (kWh/m2) (2)—lrw = XX)D$Aw -K ^~^—~-^^r "— "™ "^ —^ ——l i _(!) ~ m i SOO ^^^^ ' ^ ^- ^ 2500 1500 flii-c D n,c ~ ^ ^ ~ ~ ^ — — ( ) 1700 19Q0 3100 2300 2500 xa mat trW hang nam (kWh/m2) lUnh Gid son xudt nude sach cua cdng nghe theo dieu kien buc xg mat irdi III KET LUAN Qua nghien ciru tinh toan quy mo dien hinh ciia cong nghc san xuat nuac sach tir nude bien kcl hgp san xual dien co the riit mgt so kcl luan nhu sau: Van de san xual nuac sach tir nguon nuac bien dang la van de hcl sue cap bach hien nh5t la Irong dieu kicn bien doi hau ro ret tai cac viing ven bicn, hai dao Cong nghe khir muoi can dien nang va co the tan dung nguon nang lugng tai tao dien hinh la nang lugng mat troi ket hgp san xuat dien vao luoi Qua nghien cuu, tinh loan dien hinh cho thay cong nghe khir RO la giai phap phii hgp VC ky thuat cong nghe eung nhu chi phi dau lu thap han, tieu thu it nang lugng Nang lugng mat trai la nguon bien co the su dung, dac biet doi vai nhu'ng viing CO birc xa lot nhu khu vuc lir mien Trung Viet Nam tra vao va cang kha ihi gia ha, cong nghe lin cay, on djnh cao IV TAI LIEU THAM KHAO D Zejli, 0-K Bouhelal, R Benehrifa, A Bennouna, "Applications of solar and wind energy sources to sea-water desalination" International Conference on Nuclear Desalination: Challenges and Options, 16-18 October, 2002, Marrakech, Morocco R Morris, P Baltas "Experiences of renewable energy desalination plants'' Insula Intcrnalional Journal of Island Affairs, (January 2001), pp 29-34 D Assimacopoulos A Zervos, "The cost of water RES powered Desalination Systems", Insula International Journal of Island Affairs, January 2001, pp 41-46 ... (kWh/m^) 15 Tong cdng suat danh dinh (kWe) 250 750 Tiau thu dien nang hang nam (MWh /nam) 2190 6570 20 20 Vdng doi (nam) 2.2 Thong so giai phdp cap dien tu nang luang mat trdri: Theo tiem hang... trir 180MWh /nam 2.3 Ddnh gid suat dan tu- v&i quy mo dien ITnih Vai he th6ng diin hinh nhu tren chi phi d4u tu cho cac cong nghe va giai phap cap dien nhu sau: Bdng 2.3 Sudl chi phi cho cdc gidi... chuyen doi birc xa true licp ihimh dien Do chi phi cho pin mat trai hien da giam manh (8$ nam 2005 4$ nam 2010) vay doi vai cong nghe khir muoi co the sir dung ca he thong Chao/dgng co Stirling