Tuygn tap bao cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Viet Nam Cff hdi mdi, thach thde moi" 351 LlTA CHON PHirONG PHAP D A N H G I A RUI RO MOI TRlTOfNG CHO VUNG VEN BIEN VIET NAM DE XAY DUTVG CHIEN L U O C[.]
Tuygn tap bao cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau Viet Nam: Cff hdi mdi, thach thde moi" 351 LlTA CHON PHirONG PHAP D A N H G I A RUI RO MOI TRlTOfNG CHO VUNG VEN BIEN VIET NAM DE XAY DUTVG CHIEN L U O C • • • LTNG CUtJ D A U T R A N CHO TONG CONG TY D A U KHI VIET NAM Pham Thi Dung, Dinh Vi Lan, Le Thi Ngge Mai TT Nghien ciiru vd Phdt trien An todn vd Mdi tru&ng Ddu TOM TAT Nguy caxdy su cd trdn ddu vung biin phia Nam Viet Nam, nai md cdc hogt dpng thdm dd khai thde ddu vd cdc hogt dpng hdng hdi tap trung vda mat dp ldn ngdy cdng tdng cao Di ngdn ngira vd gidm thiiu thiit hgi mdi trudmg su cd trdn ddu gdy ra, Tdng cdng ty Ddu Viet Nam dang tiin hdnh xdy dung ki hogch img ciru su cd trdn ddu cho cdc vung Biin Ddng vd biin Tdy Nam Viet Nam vai tdi trg cua NORAD (Nauy), dd ddnh gid riii ro mdi trudng Id mpt phdn cdn thiit ciia chiin luge img cim ndy Ddnh gid riii ro mdi trudng bao gdm cdc buac: - Xdc dinh khu virc dnh hudng ddu trdn bdng md hinh lan truyin, phdn logi su cd vd tinh todn khd ndng cd thi xdy sir cd (tdn sudt xdy sir cd), - Ddnh gid hdu qud vi kinh ti xd hpi vd mdi trudng su ed xdy tinh todn dinh lugng rui ro mdi trudng trin ca sd khd ndng (tdn sudt) xdy su cd vd hdu qud ddi vdi mdi trudng su cd xdy vd so sdnh vdi cdc tiiu chudn vi rui ro mdi trudng cd the ehdp nhdn dugc Di ddnh gid dinh lugng riii ro mdi trudng, cdn cd cdc sd lieu cu thi vd chuyin sdu vi cdc ngudn tdi nguyen, sd lieu thdng ki vi cdc su cd trdn ddu xdy truac day cdc sd lieu ky thugt vi cdc md, sd lieu tdu qua lgi cdc tuyin hdng hdi, v.v Tuy nhiin, diiu kien cua Viet Nam khdng thi cd dugc day dii cdc sd lieu cdn thiit cho cdc tinh todn trin, nen cdn thiit phdi lua chgn phuong phdp ddnh gid rui ro mdi trudng tdi uu cho khu vuc bien Tdy Nam Viet Nam Phucmg phdp ndy dua tren ddnh gid thiit hgi cua cdc thdnh phdn hi sinh thdi cd gid tri (VEC) nhu rimg ngap man, nudi trdng thuy sdn, cdc ngudn lgi thiiy sdn ven bd cdc mdi trudng sdng cd gid tri, dac trung dudng bd qua cdc thdng sd: muc dp nhay cdm, gid tri bdo tdn, thiit hgi vi kinh ti - xd hpi vd gid tri kinh ti cua VEC Viec ddnh gid rui ro mdi trudng rdt quan trgng phuc vu cho viec lap ki hogch img cim ddu trdn vd cdn duac cap nhdt thudng xuyen hodc cd them cdc thdng tin cdn thiit MdDAu Cac phirong phap danh gia rui ro moi trudng (ERA) Trong nhung nam dau thap ky XXI, cae boat ddng tham dd khai thac diu d thim luc dia phia Nam Viet Nam da dugc trien khai manh me Cung vdi sir phat triln cua cac 352 Lu-a chgn phuong phap danh gia rui ro cho viing ven bien Vift Nam hoat dong tham dd khai thac diu kbi va sir phat trien kinh tl me d khu vuc phia Nam, nguy CO xay sir ed tran diu td cac boat ddng tham dd khai thac dau cung nhu tu cac sir cd va dung tau be cung cang gia tang Sir cd tran diu neu xay se gay anh hudng nghiem trgng din mdi trudng va gay thiet bai ldn ve kinh te, dac biet la d khu vuc phia Nam Viet Nam, day la khu vuc kinh tl trgng diem va cung la noi cd he sinh thai nhay cam nhit cua ca nude Viec ngan ngua va khae phuc sir cd tran dau ludn la nhiem vu quan trgng hang diu boat dgng cda Tdng cdng ty Dau Viet Nam Trong khudn khd du an hgp tac vdi Chinh phd Nauy, Tdng cdng ty Dau Viet Nam da xay dung va dang hoan thien Ke hoach ung ciru sir cd tran dau cho cac vdng Bien Ddng va biin Tay Nam Viet Nam, khu vuc tu mui Ke Ga den bien gidi Campuchia nham giam thilu cac thiet hai ve mdi trudng cung nhu thiet hai ve kinh te sir cd dau tran gay Danh gia rui ro mdi trudng td eae boat ddng dau la mdt bude qua trinh xay dung Ke hoach ung ciju dau tran Muc dich cua danh gia rui ro mdi trudng (ERA) la thiet lap, tri va phat trien hon nua mdc an toan cd the chap nhan dugc cho mdi trudng Vice nghien ciiu danh gia cac nii ro mdi trudng la nhan biet cac nguy hiem va rui ro cd the xay tu cac boat dgng tham do, khai thae, van chuyen dau cung nhu tu cac boat ddng hang hai khae, danh gia dinh tinh va dinh lugng cac kha nang xay su cd va cac anh hudng tdi ngudi, kinh te va mdi trudng sir cd xay Viee xac dinh cac mdc rdi ro mdi trudng va cac boat ddng cc rui ro moi trudng cao se giup cho cac nha chuc trach nhin nhan tdng the ban ve cdng tac an toan boat ddng dau de td dd cd nhiing chien luge ngan ngua ijng ciiu sir cd nham giam thieu cac thiet hai mdi trudng, dam bao an toan va dem lai hieu qua kinh te cao Ngoai ra, nghien cdu danh gia nii ro cdn giup xac dinh eae thdng sd hoae cac chi thi cd anh hudng ldn den muc nii ro de cd chuang trinh giam sat thudng xuyen nham ngan ngua sir cd Phuang phap luan ap dung cho ERA dugc trien khai theo cac quy che lien quan den thuc hien va sd dung danh gia rdi ro cac boat ddng dau PetroVietnam ban hanh Thu tu cac bude chinh cua ERA bao gdm: • Xac dinh khu vuc bi anh hudng dau tran bang md hinh lan truyen dau • Xac dinh ldn cua su cd va tinh toan tan suat xay sir cd • Danh gia hau qua ve kinh te - xa bdi va mdi trudng sir cd xay • Tinh toan dinh lugng nii ro mdi trudng tren ca sd tan suat xay sir cd va hau qua ddi vdi mdi trudng sir cd xay va so sanh vdi cac tieu chuan ve rui ro mdi trudng cd the chap nhan dugc: Rui ro mdi trudng = Kha nang xay sir cd x Hau qua mdi trudng Trudc day, danh gia rui ro mdi trudng ngudi ta thudng dat vdi trudng hgp xau nhat cd the xay ra, nhung hien da xem xet tit ca cac sir cd cd the xay cung vdi tan suat xay cua chung Danh gia kha nang xay sy c6 Trong boat dgng dau khi, cac su cd cd thi din den tran dau mdi trudng bao gdm: Tuygn tap bao cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam DIU Viet Nam: Cff hgi mdi, thach thde moi" 353 - Rd ri dau bom tai tilp diu, tiep nhien lieu - Rd ri, vd nut dudng dng - Phut kbi, tran diu khoan gieng hoae cac boat ddng hoan thien gieng - Cac su cd va cham tau - Tdn that dau thd tu cac tau ehua ndi hoae hdng hoc be chua, than tau hoae boat ddng van chuyen dau thd giai doan khai thac - Cac su ed cd tinh leo thang nhu chay nd, va cham, bu hdng cau trdc, v.v Quy md cua tung loai sir cd tran dau bao gdm eae thdng sd ve thdi gian diu tran ra, tdc va tdng lugng dau tran dugc tinh toan tren co sd cac thdng sd ky thuat nhu san lugng dau khai thac cua tung gieng, dudng kinh va chieu dai cua cae dng dung, dng din dau, dung tich khoang chua, v.v Kha nang xay tung loai su cd duge xac dinh dua tren sd lieu thdng ke cac sir cd tuong tu da xay trudc day khu vuc Ci them luc dia phia Nam, boat ddng tham dd khai thac dau duge bat dau td nhung nam 1970 va dat dinh diem nhdng nam 1994 - 1996 Tuy nhien, cac sd lieu ve cac sir cd boat dgng tham dd khai thac diu d them luc dia Viet Nam chua dugc thdng ke day du Do vay, de xac dinh kha nang xay tung loai sir cd tran dau td cae hoat dgng tham dd khai thae dau khi, cac ca sd du lieu ve sir cd phun trao ngoai khoi ddi vdi vung bien ndng cua SINTEF (SINTEF Offshore Blowout Database, 6/1996), sd lieu thdng ke tren the gidi ve tan suat xay sir cd tran dau tu cac dudng dng - PARLOC 94 da dugc su dung Ddi vdi cac sir cd va dung tau din den tran diu ngoai khoi, tin suat va dung tau dugc udc tinh tren co sd cae sd lieu thdng ke ve sir cd tau chd diu tren the gidi, cac sd lieu thdng ke ve va dung tau eda Uy ban quan ly sue khde An toan va Mdi trudng cua Anh (UK HSE Department and Technical Reports 1991) va tham khao eae su cd xay d vung bien Viet Nam Danh gia thiet hai ve mat mdi trudng sir cd xay Ndi chung, khdng cd mdi quan tam true tiep giua ldn cua mdt vu tran dau va muc tdn that Danh gia thiet hai xay sir cd tran dau can tinh den cac yeu td quan trgng gdm phan va sd lugng dau tran ra, cac yeu td dia ly va hau cung nhu cac ngudn tai nguyen mdi trudng bi anh hudng Dau la mdt hgp chat thien nhien de bi bien ddi Khi tran bien nd cd the lan xa, chiu sir bien ddi hda hgc, vat ly khae va anh budng tieu cue tdi he sinh thai bien Cac anh budng cua dau phu thudc vao loai dau va sd lugng dau bi tran ra, eae tinh chat vat ly va hoa hgc cda dau va mdi trudng tiep nhan ben ngoai Dau tran mdi trudng trudc bet se lan truyen va trdi dat dudi tac dgng cua gid va ddng chay Ngoai ra, vdi tac dong cua yeu td thdi tiet nhu nhiet khdng khi, nhiet nude bien, gid, che sdng, thuy trieu, anh nang mat trdi, dau se bi phong hda, tue la thay ddi tinh chit cua chung thdng qua cac qua trinh bay hai, hda tan, phan tan tu nhien, pha loang, tao nhu va phan huy sinh hgc D I xac dinh hudng trdi dat va khu vuc bi anh hudng diu tran ra, md hinh lan truyin diu cho vung bien Ddng cac chuyen gia Nauy thilt lap da dugc Trung tam An 354 Lu'a chgn phu-ong phap danh gia riii ro cho vung ven bien Viet Nam toan va Mdi trudng DIU sd dung de md phdng qua trinh lan truyin dau cho cac vung biin hd va vdng ven bd Trong qua trinh tinh toan, toan bd ylu td ve kbi tugng, thuy van, thuy trilu va cac thdng sd ve dau tran tai khu vuc xay sir ed va khu vuc phu can deu da duge xet din Cac so lieu van tde gid va hudng gid dugc lay theo he thdng sd lieu dac 10 nam lien tue cho vung bien Ket qua cda md binh lan truyen dau cho thay hudng lan truyin cda diu, lugng dau cdn lai tren mat bien, vi tri, thdi diem va lugng dau tap vao bd Su cd tran diu gay nhilu thiet hai cho be sinh thai bien va mdi trudng bien Thiet hai vl mdi trudng se trim trgng ban vet dau lan den cac vung bd bien hoae nai ed cac boat dong du lich, cac vung cd he sinh thai nhay cam nhu khu vuc cda sdng, rung ngap man, nudi thuy san, v.v Cac ngudn tai nguyen thien nhien nhu bai tdm, bai ca, chim bien, ddng vat bien cung nhu cac khu vuc rung ngap man, v.v rat nhay cam ddi vdi diu tran Hau qua cua su co tran dau se dugc danh gia tren co sd cac thiet hai ve mdi trudng d cac khu vue bi anh budng cua dau tran da xac dinh bang md hinh lan truyen diu Cac thiet bai ve mdi trudng la nhiing thiet hai ve cac ngudn tai nguyen quan trgng va nhay cam d cae khu vuc Nguyen tac lira chgn cac phan he sinh thai cd gia tri (VEC) lam chi thi danh gia thiet bai mdi trudng dua tren dinh nghla ve VEC ciia Canada (BEMP, 1985) Nhin chung, mdt phan he sinh thai cd gia tri la mdt ngudn tai nguyen hoae mdt khia canh mdi trudng: - Rat quan trgng (khdng chi ve mat kinh te) ddi vdi dan cu dia phuang, hoae - Cd gia trj ve mat mdi trudng d muc qudc gia hoae qudc te, va - Neu trang thai bien tai cda nd bi thay ddi, VEC rat quan trgng viec danh gia tac ddng mdi trudng cda viec phat trien cdng nghiep Trong cac VEC cd lien quan den cac khu vuc bi anh hudng bdi diu tran, viec sip xip chung theo thu tu uu tien se dua tren cac tieu chuin OLF xac dinh (OLF, 1999) nhu sau: - Mgt VEC phai nhay cam cao ddi vdi d nhiem diu, - Mat cda VEC phai la dang ke khu vuc bi anh hudng, - Sd lugng dang ke VEC phai d khu vuc bi anh hudng mgt khoang thdi gian nhat dinh, - VEC phai cd nhieu kha nang tilp xuc vdi dau tran Thiet hai cua cac VEC dugc danh gia tren chi sd nhay cam mdi trudng cda VEC tai khu vuc bi anh hudng, gia tri bao tdn, cac thiet hai vl kinh tl VEC bj anh hudng cua dau tran va gia tri kinh tl cung nhu kha nang thay thi (bing tiln) cua VEC Cdng ty Det Norske Veritas (DNV), mdt cdng ty tu vin mdi trudng eua Nauy da nghien cdu phat trien bai phuong phap danh gia dinh lugng thiet hai mdi trudng sir c6 dau tran xay ra; - Phuong phap MIRA: Ap dung cho cac su cd tran dau tu cac md diu/khi cac giai doan khoan tham dd, phat triln va khai thac; va - Phuang phap TAILORED: Ap dung cho cac sir co tran dau tu viec van chuyin diu bang cac tau dau va cac hoat dgng hang hai khae Tuygn tap bao cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau Viet Nam: Cff hgi mdi, thach thde mdi" 355 Phirong phap MIRA Toe dp va thoi gian tran d i u c> c> ~fe-lk Mo ta he thong gian khoan/ mo ^ Cac phuang an tran d i u M6 hinh lan truye^ dau v.:r • Eksponeringsrisiko 1998 - arsbasis a Ongo Oseberg/Brage feltet Risiko kategorier - iav risiko - moderat risil< - hay nsiko Du'oc c MIRA bacll ' ^p\7 'cf* Mdc rui ro ch§p nhan du'ac c Cac hau qua co the xay td - DO nh$y Ceim GiA tri bao t6n Cho moi luai 10x10km Theo phuang phap MIRA, danh gia thiet hai mdi trudng dugc tinh cho tung d ludi 10 X 10km dge theo bd bien tdi vi tri cac md Phuang phap MIRA bao gdm hai bae danh gia vdi cac yeu cau sd lieu dau vao khae (phan tich rui ro tren kha nang phai nhiem dau va tren mdc thiet bai) Cac phan tich rdi ro tren kha nang phoi nhiem dugc sd dung de xac dinh muc nii ro mdi trudng cda khu vuc bi anh budng dua vao cac muc nhay cam mdi trudng, gia tri bao tdn va muc phai nhiem ddi vdi dau tran Thiet hai mdi trudng dugc danh gia theo cac mdc td -^ Phan tich rui ro tren thiet hai se tinh den muc anh hudng va thiet hai cua tung phan quan trgng cua he sinh thai dua tren cac sd lieu ve thdi gian hdi phuc, sd lugng sinh vat bi chet cdng ddng cua VEC tiep xuc vdi dau tran Viec danh gia rui ro theo phuang phap MIRA cho cac ket qua rat cu the nhung cung doi hdi phai cd cac sd lieu nghien cuu chi tiet ve tung phan he sinh thai cd gia tri nhu mat cua chung tung d ludi 10x10km, phan bd, phan tram sd lugng sinh vat chet tiep xuc vdi dau, cac hgat ddng sdng va sinh san cda chung, v.v c Phuang phdp TAILORED Theo phuong phap Tailored, cac su ed tran dau dge theo tuyen hang hai se duge md phong bang md binh lan truyen dau de xac dinh khu vuc bi anh budng Trong cac khu vue bi anh hudng, lira chgn cae phan he sinh thai cd gia tri nhit (tu din VEC) dac trung cho vung bi anh budng de tien hanh danh gia hau qua Thiet hai mdi trudng doi vdi 356 Lya chgn phuong phap ddnh gia rui ro cho vung ven bign Viet Nam cac VEC dugc danh gia tren cac thdng sd: thdi gian hdi phuc, khu vuc bj anh hudng chiim bao nhieu phin tram, gia tri bao tdn cua VEC, cac tac ddng kinh te - xa hdi VEC bi anh hudng diu tran, va gia tri kinh te cua VEC f^^ —^^ PhSn b6/Op phong phu COng dong ho?c moi tntc/ng s6ng nhay cam Toe do, thai gian • ^-c> M6 ta he thong gian khoan/ mo Phan tram s6 lugng giam pgjfg^^ •^^3S Cac phu-ang an tran (dau U Lugng diu tran vao bd Md hinh lan truyfn dau Phan tich lai vcyj viec ap dyng bien phap giam nji ro Dau vao cho KHUC dau tran Mdc dp rui rp chap nhgn du'P'c Danh gia tac dpng tren thoi gian h6i phycchia lam mdc: in nam Bang 1: Cac thong so danh gia hau qua Cdc thdng sd ddnh gid hdu qud A B E C D Anh hudng ddi vdi he sinh thai Khu vue bi Thdi gian phue dnh huang Gid tri bdo tdn Tdc dpng kinh Gid tri kinh te Mirc dp thiet hgi hdi chiem bao eiia VEC cua VEC ti - xd hpi nhieu % Khong dang Khong phat Khdng phat Khdng phat hien kl hien hien Phat hien nhung Nhd; chi mdt Trong mdt gidi thdi gian ngan, Khdng phan Nhd - 5% ban nhat dinh Nho thdi gian phuc loai (khdng dang hoi nhd ban kl) nam Trung binh; Thdi gian phuc Khu virc/dia Tac ddng d Trung binh hdi nhd ban 5-15% Trung binh phuang muc dia nam phuang Ldn; Thdi gian phuc Tac ddng d Qudc gia Ldn hdi nho ban 10 15-30% Cao muc khu nam vuc 357 Tuyen tap b^o c^o Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau Viet Nam: Cff hgi m6i, thach thuc moi" A Mire dp thiit hgi Nghiem trgng Yeu td trgng lugng neu ap dung thdng sd B Yeu td trgng lugng neu khdng • ap dung thdng sdB Thdi gian phuc hdi Thdi gian phuc hdi ldn ban 10 nam Cdc thdng sd ddnh gid hdu qud C D E B Anh hudng ddi vdi he sinh thai Khu vuc bi dnh hudng Gid tri bdo tdn Tdc dpng kinh Gid tri kinh te chiem bao eiia VEC te - xd hpi cua VEC nhieu % Nghiem trgng; Tac dgng d > 30% Qudc te Rat cao mdc dp quoc gia 25% 25% 20% 20% 10% 50% - 20% 20% 10% Nam (5) thdng sd ve hau qua dugc danh gia cho tung phuang an tran dau cho cac mua nam Dua tren cac danh gia cd tinh khoa hgc, cac thdng sd dugc danh gia theo mde tu den Muc hau qua trung binh dugc tinh tren ca sd cac yeu td trgng lugng (Bang 1) de cho gia tri hau qua tdng the (CV) LlTA CHON PHirOfNG PHAP DANH GIA RUI RO MOI TRlTOfNG CHO VUNG BIEN TAY NAM VIET NAM Tai vung bien Tay Nam Viet Nam hien dang cd mgt md dau/ PM3 dang khai thac Trong thdi gian tdi, mdt sd md nhu Id B, Id 46 - Cai Nude va md dau/khi d Id 46-2 cung se dugc dua vao khai thac Ben canh dd, vung bien cdn cd cac tuyen hang hai ndi dia cung nhu cac tuyen hang hai qudc te Bd bien phia Tay dai khoang 348km thudc hai tinh Kien Giang va Ca Mau vdi cac dai rung phdng hd, rung ngap man tap trung chu yeu d phan bd bien thudc tinh Ca Mau va cac khu vuc nudi trdng thuy san dge theo bd bien Ngoai ra, dao Phd Qudc vung bien cd ngudn tai nguyen bien phong phu vdi khoang 130km dudng bd vdi cac bai tam va rung nguyen sinh Dau tran tu cac sir cd boat dgng tham dd khai thac cac md khu vuc bien Tay cung nhu tu cac boat dgng hang hai tren cac tuyen hang hai va tai cac cang bien khu vuc se trdi dat vao bd va anh hudng den cac vung sinh thai dge bd bien Can cu vao cac dac trung dudng bd, cac ngudn tai nguyen khu vuc bi anh hudng dau tran, cac phan he sinh thai cd gia tri sau dugc lira chgn lam chi thi danh gia hau qua sir cd diu tran (theo thu tu uu tien): - VEC 1: Rimg ngap man - VEC 2: Nudi trdng thdy san - VEC 3: Cac bai thdy, hai san gan bd 358 Lua chgn phuong phap danh gia rui ro eho viing ven bien Viet Nam - VEC 4: Cac mdi trudng sdng cd gia tri - VEC 5: Dac tinh dudng bd Hien nay, cac tai lieu nghien cuu sau vl cac VEC cdn han che, cac sd lieu vl thdi gian phuc hdi cua cac VEC sau bi tac dgng dau tran, mat dg phan bo cii thi vung chua thi cd dugc Do vay, viec danh gia hau qua cua sir cd tran dau d day se dua tren cac thdng sd dugc tdm tit Bang Bon (4) thdng so vl hau qua tren dugc danh gia cho tung VEC Hau qua tran diu cda tung doan bd biin khu vuc bi anh hudng bdi dau tran se la gia tri trung binh cua cac mdc thiet hai cua doan bd bien ddi vdi tat ca VEC Gia tri ludng muc thiet bai eudi cung cda tung doan bd bien bi anh budng bdi diu tran (cd gia tri tu -^ 5) kit hgp vdi kha nang bi anh hudng (tin suat, lugng dau tran vao) cho bilt mdc rui ro ddi vdi su cd tran dau cda tung doan bd bien Tu dd cd the nit dugc cac khu vuc nao cd muc rui ro cao cin phai cd bien phap phdng ngua, bao ve Cung ed tbi danh gia mdc rui ro ddi vdi su cd tran dau td tung ngudn gay nhiem bing each kit hgp mdc thiet hai cudi cung cua cac doan bd bien bi anh hudng diu tran tu tung ngudn (tdng cac gia tri muc thiet hai cua cac doan bd bien bi anh hudng) vdi tin suit xay su cd tran dau tu tung ngudn Ket qua cd the cho chung ta thiy ngudn nao cd muc rdi ro cao, de tu cd cac bien phap giam thieu rui ro xay sir cd tran dau tu ngudn Bang 2: Cac thong so danh gia hau qua cho vung bien Tay Nam Viet Nam Cdc thdng sd ddnh gid hdu qud C A B Mire dp thiet hgi Gia tri bao ton cua Tac ddng kinh te Chi sd nhay cam xa hoi VEC Khong dang KJiong phat hien Nhd - TB thip kl Nhd; Trong mdt gidi ban Khdng phan loai Trung binh Nho nhat dinh (khdng dang ke) Trung binh; Khu virc/dia Trung binh Tac dong d muc Trung binh cao phuong dia phuang Ldn; Ldn Tac dong d mdc Quoc gia Cao khu vuc Nghiem trgng; Tac ddng d muc Nghiem trgng Quoc te Rat cao quoc gia 20% Yeu to lugng 50% 20% D Gia tri kinh te cua VEC - Nho Trung binh Cao Rat cao 10% Tuygn tap b^o cao Hgi nghj KHCN "30 nSm DSu Viet Nam: Cff hgi moi, thach thiic moi" ^59 KET LUAN Su cd diu tran cd nhilu kha nang xay tu cac boat dgng tham dd khai thac dau khi, cung nhu tu cac boat ddng van chuyin dau va boat ddng hang bai Su ed tran dau neu xay se gay nhijng thiet hai kinh tl - xa hdi - mdi trudng nang ne, gay suy thoai mdi trudng nghiem trgng ma viec khae phuc hau qua, phuc bdi lai mdi trudng tdn nhieu tien cua va thdi gian De cd cai nhin tdng the ve rui ro mdi trudng ed the xay ddi vdi su cd tran dau cung nhu nhan biet cac nguy co tiem an cac hoat ddng cd mdc rdi ro cao, viee danh gia nii ro mdi trudng la vd cung can thiet Cac ket qua danh gia rui ro mdi trudng se la cac sd lieu dau vao cho viec thiet lap ke hoach ting CIJU sir ed tran dau va la ngudn sd lieu tin cay de de cac bien phap giam thieu rdi ro, nang cao muc an toan cac boat ddng dau va bang hai Viec danh gia rui ro mdi trudng can dugc cap nhat thudng xuyen hoae cd them cac thdng tin can thiet, vi du nhu cd them cac co sd du lieu ve cac phan he sinh thai cd gia tri (VEC), cd them cac sd lieu ve qua trinh phong hda cac loai dau, hoae cd them cac md dau mdi dugc phat hien va khai thac TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Det Norske Veritas, 2004 Technical report No.2004-0140: Norske Shell A/S - ERA for exploration drilling for PL266, the Beluga prospect Det Norske Veritas, 2003 Technical report No.2003-0081: Botas Petroleum Pipeline Corporation: Shipping lane risk assessment ... trgng lugng (Bang 1) de cho gia tri hau qua tdng the (CV) LlTA CHON PHirOfNG PHAP DANH GIA RUI RO MOI TRlTOfNG CHO VUNG BIEN TAY NAM VIET NAM Tai vung bien Tay Nam Viet Nam hien dang cd mgt md... dyng bien phap giam nji ro Dau vao cho KHUC dau tran Mdc dp rui rp chap nhgn du''P''c Danh gia tac dpng tren thoi gian h6i phycchia lam mdc: in nam Bang 1: Cac thong so... dgng cda Tdng cdng ty Dau Viet Nam Trong khudn khd du an hgp tac vdi Chinh phd Nauy, Tdng cdng ty Dau Viet Nam da xay dung va dang hoan thien Ke hoach ung ciru sir cd tran dau cho cac vdng Bien