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Le Huu Thieng vd cs Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 72(10) 42 47 NGHIEN CUU KHA NANG HAP PHU Cu'''' CUA LA CHE, LA MIA, LA NGO Le Huu Thieng, Trjnh Thu Quyen Trudng Dgi hoc Su pham Dai hoc Thdi Nguyen TOM T[.]
Le Huu Thieng vd cs Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 72(10): 42-47 NGHIEN CUU KHA NANG HAP PHU Cu' CUA LA CHE, LA MIA, LA NGO Le Huu Thieng, Trjnh Thu Quyen Trudng Dgi hoc Su pham - Dai hoc Thdi Nguyen TOM TAT Bai bao frinh bay ket qua nghien cuu viec hap phu ion Cu^"^ frong dung dich loang bang each sir dung ba loai la cay khac lam chat hap phu: la che, la mia, la ngo Anh hudng ciia cac yeu to: thdi gian hap phu, pH, khoi lugng va kich thudc la cay, nong dp ion Cu^* ban dau dugc nghien cuu d nhiet phong (27 ± 1°C), toe lac 250 vong/phut Nong ion Cu^"^ dugc xac djnh bang phuang phap hap thu nguyen tir ngon lira (F-AAS) Thyc hien qua trinh hap phu vdi 0,5 gam timg loai la cay co kich thudc xac dinh va 50 ml dung djch ion Cu^* co nong dp xac djnh Ket qua nghien ciru cac dieu kien toi uu cho qua frinh hap phu Cu"* cua ba loai la cay la: thdi gian dat can bang hap phu ciia la che, la mia la 30 phiit, la ngo la 40 phiit; pH toi uu cho qua trinh hap phu ion Cu * ciia ba loai la la 5; tang khoi lugng vat lieu hap phu (VLHP), tang nong dp ban dau cua ion Cu * thi dung luong hap phu tang; tang kich thudc VLHP thi dung lugng hap phu giam Muc dich ciia nghien ciru la tim va sir dung mot so loai la cay dugc frong bien d Viet Nam de loai bo cac kim loai nang dung djch nude Til' khoa: Hdp phu Id che Id mia Id ngo, kim logi nang, dong M6DAU Sy phat trien ciia cac nganh cdng nghiep nhu: khai md, luyen kim, hda dau, ma dien, pin, nguyen tii' nhung nam gan day la mot nhung nguyen nhan co ban lam gia tang ham lugng cac kim loai nang mdi trudng, dac biet la mdi trudng nude nhilm ngudn nude bdi kim loai nang dang la vkn de mdi trudng cap bach rat dugc quan tam hien Ham lugng cac kim loai nang nhu: asen, chi, coban, niken, ddng dugc phat hien nude thai cdng nghiep, dac biet la ngudn nude sinh hoat cua cac khu dan cu g^n nha may, khu cdng nghiep, khu chi xuat cang cao da anh hudng nghiem trgng den sue khde va cugc sdng ciia ngudi Do dd viec loai bd cac kim loai nang, dgc khdi cac ngudn nude, dac biet la ngudn nude sinh hoat dang la muc tieu mdi frudng quan frgng bac nhat phai giai quyet hien Ben canh cac phuong phap truyen thdng nhu phuong phap ket tua, frao ddi ion, chief dung mdi ngudi ta da bat dau nghien ciiu cac bien phap sinh hgc dl Tel: 0982859002 42 tach cac kim loai nang frong nude [2], [4], [5.] Bien phap sinh hgc la cdng nghe mdi sii' dung cac vat lieu hap phu la cac nguyen lieu tu nhien nhu: da ty nhien, la cay, re cay hoac phu pham nong nghiep, cdng nghiep rat san cd, de kiem, re tien, than thien vdi mdi trudng de hap phu dugc cac ion kim loai nang Day la uu diem ndi bat cua phuong phap hap phu ma cac phuong phap khac khdng cd dugc Trong bai bao nay, chiing tdi trinh bay mot so ket qua nghien ciru kha nang hAp phu Cu'* cua la che, la mia, la ngd THUC N G H I E M , i Hoa chat va thiet bj *Hda chat: CuSO^.SHjO, NaOH, H2SO4, nude cat hai lan Cac hda chat dimg cho cac thi nghiem dIu la loai tinh khilt PA * Thilt bj: - May xay, may lac, tu say, may pH - May quang phd hap thu nguyen tir Thermo (Anh) - Nong CLia Cu^* dung djch trudc va sau hap phu dugc xac djnh bang phuong phap phd hap thu nguyen tu nggn lira (F- AAS) Cac dilu kien F-AAS cua Cu dugc chi d bang Le Hiru Thieng va cs qmax: dung lugng hap phu eye dai (mg/g) K: hang sd Langmuir Bang \ Cdc dieu kien F-AAS cua Cu 314,5 nm Buoc song 0,5 nm Khe Cudng dp den HCL 75% Imax 7mm Chieu cao dfen 1,1 ml/phiit Toe dp dong 0,1 - 10,0 mg/l Khoang tuyen tinh KET QUA q (mg/g) Trong dd: "" q: dung lugng hap phu (mg/g) V: the tich chat bj hap phu (lit) Co, Ccb: nong ban dau, nong tai thdi diem can bang (mg/l) m: khdi lugng VLHP (gam) Dung lugng hap phu eye dai cua cac VLHP dugc xac dinh theo phuang trinh dang nhiet hap phu Langmuir dang tuyen tinh: Trong do: 1 vA T H A O L U A N Khao sat kha nang hap phu ion Cu * cua cac VLHP Lay 50ml dung djch Cu^"^ cd nong xac djnh cho vao cac binh tam giac dung tich 100ml Dimg cac dung djch NaOH, H2SO4 loang de dieu chinh pH cua dung djch den pH = 5, sau dd eho rieng re vao cac binh 0,5 gam mdi loai VLHP Tien hanh hap phu frong 60 phut d nhiet phdng (27 + 1°C), tdc lac 250 vdng/phiit Lgc bd ba ran, lay nude Igc dem xac dinh nong Cu^"^ cdn lai, tir dd tinh dung lugng hip phu q Kit qua thu dugc d Bang Ket qua khao sat cho thay la che, la mia, la ngd deu cd kha nang hap phu Cu^* Khao sat thdi gian dat can bang hap phu Tien hanh qua trinh hap phu Cu^^ ciia la che, la mia, la ngd d cac thdi gian hap phu khac tir 10 ^ 100 phut, pH = 5, lac d nhiet phdng (27 + 1°C) Ket qua thu dugc d Bang 3, Hinh Chuan bi VLHP tir la che, la mia, la ngo - La che, la mia, la ngd sau riia sach bang nude may, dem phoi kho dudi anh nang mat trdi rdi rira lai bang nude cat, say nhd bang may xay thdng dung, ray thu lay bdt la (VLHP) VLHP cd kich thudc hat xac djnh frong khoang (0,02- 0,15 mm) [1], [3], [6] Nghien cu-u kha nang hap phu Cu^^ cua cac VLHP - Khao sat thdi gian dat can bang hap phu - Anh hudng cua: pH, lugng VLHP, kich thudc VLHP, nong dau ciia Cu^* - Xac djnh dung lugng hap phu eye dai ciia cac VLHP Dung lugng hap phu cua cac VLHP dugc tinh theo cdng thirc: (C„-C,J.K C 72(10): 42-47 Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE t (phut) •c 20 40 60 80 100 -Lachij! La mia ' -La ngo Hinh \ Sir phu thudc cita dung luong hdp phu vdo thdi gian K-q„ Bang Cdc thong so hdp phu Cu ' cua cdc VLHP VLHP (L& che) VLHP (L^ mia) VLHP (La ngo) Co (mg/l) Ccb (mg/l) q (mg/g) Co (mg/l) Ccb (mg/l) q (mg/g) Co (mg/l) Ccb (mg/l) q (mg/g) 100,01 39,68 6,03 100,01 72,34 2,77 100,01 76,87 2,31 43 Le Hu'u Thieng vd cs 72(10): 42-47 Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Bang Anh huang cua thdi gian den dung luong hdp phif cua cdc VLHP H//P^amia) VLHP(Lac\^i) pH Co (mg/l) Ccb q (mg/g) (mg/l) Co Ccb (mg/l) (mg/l) 98,99 98,65 Ccb q (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/g) 0,03 99.96 99.79 0.02 q (mg/g) 100.76 100,76 69,39 0,03 3,14 98,99 83,18 1,58 99.96 87,33 1,26 100,76 48.37 5,24 98.99 75.70 2,33 99,96 78,58 2,14 100.76 40.06 6,07 98,99 71,79 2,72 99,96 77,23 2,27 100,76 40.03 6.07 98,99 71,53 2,75 99,96 77,22 2,27 100.47 Ket qua thu dugc d Bang 3, Hinh cho thay: ddi vdi la che, la mia la ngd, qua trinh hap phu Cu"' tang tang thdi gian hap phu, su hap phu xay tdt nhat 30 phiit dau tien Cac loai la cay khac cd thdi gian dat can bang hap phu khac Chiing tdi chgn thdi gian hap phu cho cac thi nghiem tiep theo eiia cac loai VLHP lan lugt la: la che, la mia: 30 phiit; la ngd: 40 phiit Khao sat anh hudng cua pH Tien hanh qua trinh hap phu vdi 0,5 gam mdi loai VLHP 50inl dung djch Cu~' cd nong xac djnh d nhiet phdng (27 ± 1°C), thdi gian hap phu chinh la thdi gian dat can bang hap phu da khao sat d tren Do pH ciia cac dung djch thay ddi tu 2, 3, 4, 5, Kit qua thu duoc d Bang 4, Hinh q (mg/g) 0.5 1.5 _,^, , —•— l^ che La mia —Ci— La ngo Hinh Su phu thudc ciia dung lirang hdp phu vdo pH Ket qua thu dugc d hinh cho thay khoang pH tii' ^ ddi vdi la che, la mia va tir ^ ddi vdi la ngd, dung lugng hap phu ciia cac VLHP tang nhanh, sau dd tuong doi dn djnh khoang tir -^ C3 pH cao hon 44 VLHP (La ngo) Co dung lugng hap phu ciia loai la giam dan Dieu cd the cho rang, d pH cao co sir tao phue hidroxo ciia Cu"' lam ndng dp Cu"* dung djch giam dan den dung lugng hap phu giam Chiing tdi da chon pH cua cac dung djch bang cho cac thi nghiem khac Anh hu-dng ciia khoi luro-ng cac VLHP Tien hanh qua trinh hap phu Cu"' ciia cac VLHP vdi 50ml dung djch Cu'" cd ndng dp xac djnh Cac thi nghiem dugc tien hanh d nhiet phdng (27 ± 1°C), thdi gian h^p phu va pH nhu da khao sat d tren Khdi lugng cac VLHP thay ddi tu 0,10 - 2,00 gam Kit qua dugc chi d Bang 5, Hinh Ket qua thu dugc d hinh cho thay tang khdi lugng VLHP, dung lugng hap phu cua chimg tang Dieu cd the cho rang: c6 djnh ndng Cu"' va kich thudc ciia cac VLHP, tang khdi lugng VLHP chinh lam tang dien tich tiep xiic giua VLHP vdi Cu' dan den lam tang dung lugng hap phu 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 q (mg/g) 400 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 m(g) 0.5 1.5 - La die Lamia La ngo Hinh Sir phu thudc cua dung luong hdp phu vdo luang VLHP Le Hiru Th igng vd cs 72(10): - Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE Bang .4nh hudng cua thai gian den dung luang hdp phu cua cdc VLHP VLHP (La che) Tho'i gian (phut) (mg/l) (mg/l) 10 99.97 77.48 20 99.97 30 VLHP (La ngo) VLHP (La mia) (^g/i) (^g/i) („g/g, Co Ccb q (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/g) 2.25 99.87 87.43 1.24 100.06 88.12 1.19 60.15 3.98 99.87 80.17 1.97 100.06 81.47 1.86 99.97 39.49 6.05 99.87 72.53 2.73 100.06 78.18 2.19 40 99.97 39.49 6.05 99.87 72.88 2.70 100.06 76.71 2.34 50 99.97 40.06 5.99 99.87 72.53 2.73 100.06 76.95 2.31 60 99.97 39.53 6.04 99.87 72.08 2.78 100.06 76.71 2.34 80 99.97 39.49 6.05 99.87 72.48 2.74 100.06 76.99 2.31 100 99.97 39.49 6.05 99.87 72.53 2.73 100.06 76.71 2.34 4' SS) Bang Anh huang cua pH den dung luang hdp phu cua cdc VLHP VLHPjLacht) pH VLHP (Lama) VLHP (La ngo) c„ Ccb q c„ Ccb Q c„ Ccb q (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/g) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/g) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/g) 100,76 100,47 0,03 98,99 98.65 0,03 99,96 99,79 0,02 100,76 69,39 3,14 98,99 83,18 1,58 99,96 87,33 1,26 100,76 48,37 5,24 98,99 75,70 2,33 99,96 78,58 2,14 100,76 40,06 6,07 98,99 71,79 2,72 99,96 77,23 2,27 100,76 40,03 6,07 98,99 71.53 2,75 99,96 77,22 2,27 Bang Anh hudng cua khoi luang VLHP den khd ndng hdp phu cua chiing VLHP (Lamia) VLHP (La Qbe) Khoi lu'O'ng (g) VLHP (La ngo) q (mg/g) Co (mg/l) Ccb (mg/l) q (mg/g) Co (mg/l) Ccb (mg/l) q (mg/g) 78,29 2,18 99.65 91,75 0,79 99,65 92,57 0,71 59,58 4,05 99,65 80,82 1,88 99,65 81.82 1,78 100.08 40.15 5,99 99,65 75,30 2,44 99,65 76.10 2,36 1,00 100.08 37,54 6.25 99.65 68,52 3,11 99,65 69,66 3,00 1,50 100,08 32,27 6,78 99.65 59,86 3,98 99,65 63,94 3,57 2.00 100,08 24,65 7,54 99,65 58,18 4,15 99,65 61,86 3,78 Co (mg/l) Ccb (mg/l) 0,10 100,08 0,25 100,08 0,50 Bang .4nh huang cua kich thudc cdc VLHP den khd ndng hdp phu cua chiing Kichthuoc VLHP (mm) C„ (mg/l) VLHPiLachi) Ccb q (mg/l) (mg/g)