Hdi nghj khoa hoc ki thudt md qudc ti 2010 Cong nghiep md tien tien vi su phat triin bin vung N A N G C A O H I E U Q U A T H A O K H I M E T A N T R O N G C A C M O T H A N B A L A N Eugeiusz Krause[.]
Hdi Cong nghj khoa nghiep md hoc tien ki thudt tien md qudc vi su phat ti triin bin NANG CAO HIEU QUA T H A O K H I M E T A N CAC M O T H A N 2010 vung TRONG B A L A N Eugeiusz Krause Jacek Skiba V i e n M o Trung uong Katowice, Ba Lan Tdm tat: Nd metan la mot nhung hiem hoa thuang xudt hien nhat cdc md ham Id Mac dii dd cd nhung tien bd khong ngirng cua khoa hoc vd cdng nghe 20 nam qua nhirng metan van Id mot nhieng nguyen nhan thdng thuang nhat gay tai hoa cdc md than Dd id hau qua cua luong metan thodt cdng cao cdc khu khai thdc nam sdu long ddt, cung vai viec tdng cicdng khai thdc, gia tdng sdn hcqng Tien hanh thao metan se lam cho sdn xudt duac an toan hon giam duac nong dd metan thodt vao I uong gid thdi md ddng thdi cung lam giam su phat thdi bau quyen, lam giam hieu img nhd kinh Bdo cao trinh bay nhirng gidi phdp dir bdo, dp dung trien khai mot sd cdng nghe mdi thao tdng cudng hieu qua thu hdi chung cdc md cd Tir khoa: Khdi dd; khai thdc; Thao Gioi thieu D o i v o i cac m o co k h i metan, san l u o n g thiet ke ciia 16 c h g co l i e n quan mat thiet den thong gio va chiia k h i metan V i e c xac d i n h c h i n h xac san l u g n g cua 16 chg va g i o i han ap dung cac b i e n phap d o i v o i k h i metan bao g o m ca thao k h i co tac dong ted muc an toan k h i k h a i thac va h i e u qua k i n h te gian tiep ciia m o San l u g n g than thiet ke cua 16 chg can phai dugc xac d i n h truoc, dua vao su can bang giira k h i m e t a n va thong gio, ket qua ciia p h u a n g phap m o p h o n g thong gio va thao k h i D i r bao thoat k h i tuyet doi 16 chg co l i e n quan den cac van de dugc liet ke trong: " H u o n g dan khai thac 16 chg dieu k i e n co n g u y h i e m ve k h i " ( ) dugc ap dung cac m o than ham 16 ciia B a L a n , cho phep danh gia h i e m hoa k h i metan k h i thiet ke M u c dich cua viec p h o n g chong h i e m hoa ve no k h i metan la n h a m ngan chan k h i metan tich tu n o i l a m viec v a i h a m l u g n g k h i v u g t qua g i a i han cho phep theo quy pham an toan, loai trir cac kha nang gay chay va no k h i metan cac m o co n h i e u k h i , p h u a n g phap thong gio de hoa loang k h i metan nhieu khong d i i de hoa loang l u g n g k h i thoat ra, V i vay, y e u cau phai co he thong thao k h i co hieu suat cao He t h o n g thao k h i metan hieu qua k h o n g the tach r a i v a i cau tnic va p h u a n g phap thong gio ciia m o va l u g n g k h i metan thu h o i dugc p h u thuoc vao n h i e u yeu to Bai bao t r i n h bay cac y e u to t r o n g dieu k i e n khai thac mod, co tac d o n g t o i h i e u qua thao k h i k h u khai thac T r i e n k h a i co hieu qua viec thao k h i k h u virc k h a i thac se dong vai tro song ve an toan cho n g u a i cong nhan m o Thao k h i metan t r u a c k h i k h a i thac: Thao k h i metan t r u a c k h i khai thac dugc ap dung r o n g rai t r o n g n h u n g thap k y 60 70 cac m o than thuoc cong ty than Jastrzebska H i e n tai cong t y chi m o t so co phan nho cac l i n h vuc l i e n quan t o i thao k h i The t i c h k h i m e t a n thao dugc truac khai thac tir cac d u o n g 16 chuan b i nam 2009 chiem k h o a n g , % t o n g k h o i l u g n g 304 Hpi Cong nghi nghiep khoa hoc md tien ki thuat tiin md quoc vi su phat te - trien ben 2010 viing metan t h u ctugc Thao k h i metan truac k h i k h a i thac ctugc t h u c h i e n d o n g t h a i v a i dao 16 chuan b i va c h u y e u thirc h i e n tai cac v i a co n g u y ca phut k h i n h u m o P n i o w e k va Z o f i o w k a D i e u dac biet quan v a co the g i a m t h i e u cac h i e m hoa k h i dao cac duong 16 chuan b i t r o n g than n h u n g n o i co dieu k i e n dia chat p h u c tap va co ket n o i v o i cac v u n g k h i t i c h t u L y gay hieu qua thao k h i thap cua k y thuat thao k h i truoc k h i khai thac la t h a m thau se g i a m dan k h i chieu sau k h a i thac tang len Sir d i chuyen cua k h i v i a than va dat da x u n g quanh p h u thuoc vao t h a m thau k h i Cac nghien c i i u xac nhan rang t h a m thau k h i ciia than l a n h a n t h a m thau k h i ciia dat da x u n g quanh va co gia t r i I o n h o n k h i song song v o i t h a than N g u g c l a i , t h a m thau k h i l a i g i a m theo chieu sau va k h i phan cacbon co d i n h l a n T r o n g d i e u k i e n cua v i i n g than Upper Silesian, tham thau k h i cua than n a m t r o n g da goc k h o n g b i anh h u o n g b a i hoat dong khai thac va se c h i g i a m k h i chieu sau k h a i thac tang K h o n g co sir thoat k h i metan tir cac v i a la do t h a m thau k h i k h o n g l a n , dong k h i rat nho dugc d i chuyen ve phia cac 16 k h o a n thao k h i Thao k h i t r u o c k h i k h a i thac t h u o n g co hieu qua v o i cac v i a than sau nho h o n 0 m O sau I o n h o n 0 m , the t i c h k h i thao dugc truoc k h i k h a i thac qua t r i n h dao 16 chuan b i se g i a m d i h a m l u g n g k h i metan giam, k h i thoat tir cac v i a than lan can cung g i a m V i the, h a m l u g n g k h i thoat vao 16 chg cung se g i a m d i k h i k h a i thac 16 chg H i e n tai, cac m o than ciia B a L a n deu dang k h a i thac cac v i a than m i i c sau h o n 400m V i the, k h i metan se k h o n g thoat t u than nguyen k h o i , neu n h u khoan cac 16 khoan thao k h i tir cac d u o n g 16 chuan b i L u u l u g n g k h i metan se k h o n g I o n cho du ham lugng k h i metan co the cao T a i cac m o B a L a n , p h u a n g phap k h o a n thao k h i truoc k h i khai thac bang cac 16 khoan tir tren mat dat cung k h o n g hieu qua k h i chieu sau k h a i thac lan han 0 m Sir phan bo t h a m thau k h i t r o n g cac v i a than chua k h a i thac a cac m o than ham 16 vimg than Upper Silesia la ham so cua chieu sau ( H i n h 1) Chu de c h i n h cua viec nang cao hieu qua cua he thong thao k h i t u 16 c h g cac mo than ciia B a L a n dugc t r i n h bay cac an p h a m ( )>( )>( M ) t r o n g phan t h a m khao O nhirng nuoc n h u U c va M y , n g u o i ta dung cac 16 k h o a n tir tren mat bang hoac d u o i ham 16 de thao k h i t r o n g v i a t r u o c k h i k h a i thac De tang t h a m thau k h i va tranh sir co hep 16 khoan, k y thuat tao khe n u t da dugc ap dung bang each b o m d u n g d i c h vao 16 khoan voi ap suat cao de tao cac khe nut nhan tao cho phep k h i metan d i qua de dang D u an thir nghiem thao k h i t r u a c k h i k h a i thac dung cac lo k h o a n tir tren mat dat B a L a n da khong mang lai ket qua n h u m o n g d g i Thao k h i truoc k h i k h a i thac tir cac d u o n g 16 chuan b i duoc thuc hien t r o n g cac m o co k h i B a L a n T r o n g n h u n g thap k y t r u o c , t y le cong k h i d u n g p h u o n g phap da giam dang ke ( ) V i the, h i e u qua thap dan den quyet d i n h tir bo cong nghe thao k h i truac k h i khai thac D o t h a m thau k h i cua v i a than rat nho, t h a m c h i sau k h i da sir dung ca cac p h u o n g phap k i c h t h i c h , nen p h u a n g phap thao k h i t r o n g v i a than n g u y e n k h o i v o i cac 16 khoan thao k h i dugc khoan tir tren be mat m o k h o n g dugc ap d u n g tai cac m o than a Ba Lan Phan t i c h h i e u qua thao k h i v i a truac