T4 P CHi KHOA Hpc & C6NG NGHg CAC TRU''''bTVG D^I HQC KV THU^T * S6 86 2012 KHAO SAT HAM LlTONG KIM LOAI NANG TRONG BUI KHONG KHI TAI MQT SO DIEM CONG NGHIEP VA NUT GIAO THONG 6 CAC TINH PHIA B A C BANG[.]
T4.P CHi KHOA Hpc & C6NG NGHg CAC TRU'bTVG D^I HQC KV THU^T * S6 86 - 2012 K H A O SAT HAM LlTONG KIM LOAI NANG TRONG BUI KHONG KHI TAI M Q T SO DIEM CONG N G H I E P VA NUT GIAO THONG CAC TINH PHIA B A C BANG QUAN T R A C TU HQC INVESTIGATING THE HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN AIR DUST IN SOME INDUSTRIAL AREAS AND TRAFFIC SITES IN NORTHERN TOWNS BY ENVIROMENT MAGNETISM Ddo Thi Tliiiy Nguyet, Nguyin Phuc Duffng, Thdn Diic Hien, Trdn Thien Ddc, Luffng Ngoc Anh Tru&ng Dgi hgc Bdch khoa Hd Ngi Nhin 08 thing 11 nam 2011 TOM TAT Bai bio trinh bdy phuang phdp khdo sdt muc dg d nhiim kim loai nang khdng tai mgt s6 diem cdng nghiip va nOt giao thong & cic tinh phia Bic bing phuang phip quan trie tir hgc Trong bui khdng thu&ng chu-a mdt ham luxyng l&n cdc kim loai cd tu- tinh Theo phuxyng phdp nay, cac miu bui dupv: khio sdt fu- tinh bing phuxyng phdp tu- ki miu rung va ndng cdc kim loai ngng thdnh phin bing phucng phap hip thu nguyin tCr Thdng qua tinh chit tir diegc cd the dinh gid duoc mdc d nhiim kim loai nang cua khdng tgi khu vuc khao sat Cac kit qud khao duoc thuc hien tai Hd Ngi, Hdi Phdng Bic Ninh va Hung Yin ABSTRACT The paper presents the method of investigation into the level of air pollution caused by heavy metals in some industrial areas and traffic sites in norihern towns by magnetism-based observation There is a large content of magnetic material in air dust According to this method, the magnetic property and the heavy-metal concentration are studied by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AiAS), respectively Through the magnetic property, the air pollution level of heavy metals in investigated areas is enabled for assessment The results are obtained in Ha Noi, Hai Phong, Bac Ninh and Hung Yen I MO DAU Ciing vdi sir phat trign va su md rgng ldn manh ciia cac boat dgng san xuit cong nghiep, ndng nghigp, tigu thii cong nghiep, cac ' nghe cung nhu su mo rong cua cac tuyen , ,' ^ ,° ,• , ' , duong giao thong cung cac phuang tien giao , , ,- - ,, ^ i w ; ^, thong van tai tren khap dat nuoc, Viet Nam ^ ^ , ; ^; , , , j dang phai doi mat voi tinh trang o nhiem moi ^ , , ' i , ' , truong Su phat tnen qua nhanh va manh "'^ ' ^ mot then gian ngan da gay nen tinh trang o ,•.: ^ if nh,em moi tmong ta, cac khu vtrc san xuat hay no, tap trung nh,eu nut g,ao thong nhu cac Ion, ta, cac khu cong ngh.ep hay lang 19.000 tan NO^, 46.000 tan CO, giy inh hudng xau dgn chat lugng mdi trudng khdng thinh phd [1] Ben canh d6, bui khong chiia mgt lugng khong nhd cac hgp chat benzen gay ung thu, cac kim logi ning nhu Fe, _ ni T -j r" i • i • • i.- • u Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cac kim loai phat sinh ^ - • u 11, • *u• it i,trong qua tnnh khai thac, xu ly quang, tai che - T- •^ u - Z.- „ - u i.vat lieu, lu qua tnnh an mon may moc thiet bi : • , , , - u , „ ,-• ^u ~ • va thai cua cac phuong lien tham gia ° vri,~„ u•„ , •• ,i,i „v.- AK giao thane Nhung nghien cuu tren the gioi da ° i - i „ i • -ã ii,- LA- ã ,I,Aô chi ring cac kim loai tu thai giao thong ^^ ^^ ^i ^.^ ,^._^ ^ -^.j ^.^ ^^, ^^^ ,^.^^ ^^ ^^ ^, ^ ^, ^^ „^ „ ,jj^ , ^ ^^^^ ^ ^^^^ ^ , ^ , ^ nghe Su o nh,en, xay khong ch, vo, mo, ^.^ ^^.^ ^_, ^^^^ ^^.^ ,^ _^^^ P^^ P^^Q^^ truong moikhi truong nuoc cayo, Mdi mo, trudng dat, khdng Theo Sd ma Tiicon nguyen, trudng vi Nhi dit Ha Ngi, hang nam cac ca sd cong ngh.ep t,eu thu khoang 240^000 tan than, 250.000 tan xang dau va tha, vao b khong kh, hon 80.000 tan kho, bu,, 10.000 tan kh, S O , ^^ ^^ ^ ^^.^ ^,, ^,_^ ,„ sit h i m lugng Fe m l u byi lgi ^ ^i^* MI^' ii:n d u g c bieu dien trgn hinh Trong il" !iiiih l,i l;i ban dd ve tinh khu vuc lay mau, hmli ll> l;i I'l.i tri h i m lugng Fe mau byi I n i l i v A\f; bieu dien qua cac dudiig dong miii- \ i in i:iin * SO Sd 21112 kim \ i K !:i> iiKiii ilmrc diinli dim bai hinli iron iiKiii i k i i c;i lien h:in tin v;i bicii kcl qu;i Dya \;i>) hit'ii LIU eo llic lli:iv, l;ii di;i dicm niiy, ham liKinii I'c i^ c j u IIKII lai khu \ uc iruiiu tain, gan khu vifL- sail \uai \:i klni \ i re yan gik' ben phai, pill.I thiHi han tin I rcii ihire lc dia dicm la mill eiiiii kim Mie sail \iiat had bi v:i cic san ph ihiia M;im LMII dirani! quoc lg mdi Dieu iia\ ;.'iai ihich L.'i;i Iri ham Imrni! i c ImiiLi bui (i il.iv kii ( an LMM \ O I khu \ irc nha ma> d6n|: lau (231 i r n '""•" , /.Li: o •£>> Hinh -I San Jd khu vin nhu mdy ddng liiu Simg Cdm va Thanli Lang Ihii I'hdng (al va hivti ad hdm hamg h'e/daii vi mg/kg) irang man hni (h) '^\ :.^\ 'K^^r^'^ im^:-.: ãi>^:'"'ô V Hi I ''^^cp^S-^^-i >^^m "-."J:,':^- •:-is' • - •'»• '- " • '-•' -'IS-^-V - — :^-,-^';; iS ''^-^ .w^ a) Hinh Bdn xd Dgi Bdi, Oia Bhih liae \inh la) vd hieu dd hdm hrin^ hi Fe irang indii hui thi (don TAP CHi KHOA HQC & CONG NGHf CAC TRlTcyNG D^I HQC KS' T H U ^ T S 86 - 20!2 Lang nghe due dong Dgi Bdi, Gia Binh Bac Ninh Mgt khio sit khac dugc tien hinh tgi khu virc tii che kim logi vi due ddng thugc ling Dai Bai, Gia Binh, Bac Ninh Him lugng Fe d khu vuc Ign dgn 3,6.10'' mg/kg, thip hon so vdi d Van Lam, Hung Ygij vi Hii Phong Trong him lugng Zn 8.10^ thi c6 gia iri cao nhit cac dja digm khao sit Ham lugng Pb vi Cd deu thip ban so vdi d Hung Ygn Diem dac biet la o khu vuc niy, him lugng Fe tap trung nhigu d khu vuc trung tim vi vg phia B5c, cac phia khic ihi him lugng Fe thap hon Theo bin dd dja co the thay noi cd him lugng Fe cao li nai lap trung sin xuat vi cd mat dan cu cao Nhiimg khu vuc lai chi la dudng xa don le giOa canh ddng nen him lugng Fe dugc cd gii trj thap hon Ket qui khao sat dugc the hien trgn hinh dudng (khu Cao-Xi-Li, nhi may ca khi, ) Day cung li khu din cu dang phat trign ngn tdc dg xay dyng dang ting cao, ngn nhu cau van tai cung rat ldn, gdp mgt phin vao su gia ting him lugng bui tir tinh khong Ket qua nghien cim cho thay him lugng Fe lai khu vuc rhi may ddng liu Thinh Long, Sdng Cam o Hii Phong li ldn nhat, len tdi 4,5.10^mg/kg, gia trj cao gap khoing 10 lan so vdi cic dia diem khic Cac khu vuc cdn lgi, him lugng Fe tii 3,6.10'' dgn 6.10* mg/kg Ham lugng Pb irong bui lgi Van Lam, Hung Yen lai cd gii tri cao nhit, len den 1,6.10* mg/kg, cho thay mirc dg d nhigm Pb d khu vuc cao Dd li day li khu vuc ling tii che kim logi nen qui trinh gia cong, lai che cd sir dung nhigu nguygn lieu chira Pb Him lugng Zn tuong doi dong deu tgi cic khu vuc khio sat, tir 5,5.10^ - 8.10-' mg/kg Ham lugng Cd nhigu nhit lai Nga Tu Sd, Ha Ngi 30 mg/kg Niit giao thdng Ngd TuS&, Hd Ngi Tir ket qui trgn co the thay ham lugng cac hgp chat tir tinh miu bui tai nut giao thdng tgi Nga Tu Sd trung binh gan bang so vai miu byi tai Hung Yen vdi ham lugng Fe tap irung nhigu nhit lir 1,5.10* den 2,5.10* mg/kg vi gii tri cao nhit len dgn 4.10'' mg/kg Tuy nhien, tai Hung Yen cd mgt so khu vuc tap trung nhigu diem cd him lugng Fe cao han d Nga Tu Sd, cic gii tri luang ddi dong deu Digu niy la phii hgp bdi cic vat chat sinh qua trinh luu thong cua cac phuong tien van tii (khi thii, mat sat sinh mii mdn dgng ca qui trinh chuyen dgng, su roi vai nguygn vat lieu ciia cic xe lai van chuygn, w ) ngn him lugng thap hon so vdi tai cic khu vuc ling nghe, khu san xuat, che bign nhimg phan bo dgu hon tgi cic khu vuc sin xuit thi se cd cac ngudn phit thai lap trung ban, li noi cd cic gii tri cao ban Trong dd, tai true dudng Nguyin Trai hudng lir Nga lu Sd sang Hi Dong, ham lugng Fe mau bui ldn han so vdi cic true dudng cdn lai, phan bd dgu theo bgn ciia true dudng, chirng td d true dudng niy, ndng bui khong cao va him lugng bui tir tinh khdng cung cao han so vdi cac true dudng khic Dieu dimg vai thyc tg bdi day li true dudng cd nhigu xe tii luu thdng, van chuygn hing hoa, nguyen vat lieu vio khu vuc ngi vi cung cip cho cac cym sin xuit ddng a hai bgn true Hinh Bieu hdm luang Fe mdu bui khu vuc Ngd Tu So, Hd Ngi (dan vi mg/kg) IV KET LUAN Tren day li cac kgt qui nghign cim ban diu khio sit him lugng kim logi miu bui tgi mgl s6 digm san xuil cong nghiep vi nut giao thdng d cic tinh phia Bac bing phuang phip quan trie tir hgc Diy la mgt phuong phap tuong ddi don gian, de thuc hien, thong qua cic kei qua khao sat ve tinh chit tir ciia mau bui cd thg dinh gia dugc mirc d nhigm kim logi tgi khu vuc do, Cac nghien ciru cu the se dugc trinh biy chi ti6i d cdng trinh khic Vdi nhijng TAP CHi KHOA HQC & C6NG NGHf CAC TRlT^NG D^I HQCKV'THU^T * S6 86-2012 kgt qui nghien ciiu trgn diy chiing la cd dugc cai nhin long quit vg tinh hinh nhilm byi kim loai tir.tinh t?i m$t s6 diem san xult pong ngh.ep v4 nut g.ao thong cic tmh phta BSc v4 li lien d6 dg xay dung mgt phuong phap dinh gii linh trang moi trudng mdi d Vi^t Nam ^ ^.„,, ^ ^g „ ^ ,^, ^;„.„;, ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^«^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ B2Q09-0l-SiMt: TAI LI$U THAM KHAO Nguyin Huy Hoing, Do thj h6a inh huong d6n m6i trudng khong a Ha Noi, Tai nguyen va moi truerng 4, 28-31 (2009) Srinivasa Rao Goddu, Erwin Appel, Diana Jordanova, Florir.n Wehland, Physics and Chemistry the Earth 29, 985-995 (2004), I Chomg-Shem Homg, Chih-An Huh, Kuo-Hang Chen, Pin-Ru Huang, Kan-Hsi Hsiung, Hui-Ling Lin, Journal of Marine Systems 76, 468-478 (2009) Colin A Booth, Michael A Fullen, John Walden, Annie T, Worsley, Sauiius Marcinkonis, Akinwale Coker, Journal of enviromental engineering and landscape management 16(3), 151158(2008) Dia chi lien he: Luong Nggc Anh - Email*: Anhln-itims@mail.hul.edu.vn Vi?n Dao tao Qudc tg vg Khoa hgc Vit li^u (TTIMS) Trudng Dai hgc Bich khoa Ha Ngi S6 1, Dai Co Viet, Hai Ba Trung, Ha Ngi ... kinh hign vi quang hgc III CAC KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU VA THAO LU^ikN 3.1 Hinh anh hat bui quan sat qua kinh hiin vi quang hgc Hinh dang va kich thudc hat bui dugc khio sit qua kinh hien vi quang hgc... dudng giao thdng a tren doi cao[5] Ket qua nghign ciiu chi ring, cic phuong lien giao thdng thii cic hat tir co kich thudc tir 0,3 - [im vi tai cac khu khdng cd cdng nghiep nang thi d nhilm giao. .. qui nghign cim ban diu khio sit him lugng kim logi miu bui tgi mgl s6 digm san xuil cong nghiep vi nut giao thdng d cic tinh phia Bac bing phuang phip quan trie tir hgc Diy la mgt phuong phap