Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo THIET B! VA CONG NGHE NGAN NGUTA NUOfC CHAY QUA THANH GIENG DIJING KHI THI CONG TRONQ VCINQ DfiT t)fi s d Rdl The execution of the inclined shafts in the areas having c[.]
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o THIET B! VA CONG NGHE NGAN NGUTA NUOfC CHAY QUA THANH GIENG DIJING KHI THI CONG TRONQ VCINQ DfiT t)fi s d Rdl The execution of the inclined shafts in the areas having complicated geological conditions, loose and weak rock with much water flov\/ing into has nor been carried out with conventional methods For ensunng the safety and economy in the execution process, it is necessary to apply the specific method The paper represents the equipment and technology preventing wafer from flowing through the wall of the inclined shafts dnven in the loose rock D I I vdi nganh than nydc ta, thi cong dao gieng mo vung trim tich than, nhIt ia trim tich viing Dong blng song Hong va trim tich ven bien vung than Quang Ninh, chya e6 nhilu kinh nghiem ve cong nghe va sd dung trang thilt bl thi cong ITnh vye la mot v l n d l rlt kho khan Dieu kien dia ky thuat mo, dilu kien dia chit thuy van lai cac vung Quang Ninh, Dong blng song H6ng rlt phye lap, mya nhilu, dat da trim tich, boi ly lap dly thydng c6 nguon gle nydc di ehuyin td nai khac d i n vdi cac kich thydc hat khac nhau, tao cac Idp dja chit khong ding nhIt Them vao la eae ddl gay kiln lao, cong vdi sy lac dong cua cong nghe ngydi lam phat sinh ndt ne, gay mat I n dmh cua dIt da T i l ca nhyng biln dpng t y nhien va ngydi lam cho nydc TS PHAM MINH DUC Vi$n Khoa hpc Cdng ngh$ Md - Vinacomin lien thong gida b l mat va Idng d l l , lao n§n kh6 khan thi cong gilng ddng khai thong eae khoang sang n l m sau !6ng d l l Trong dilu kien nhy vay, d l Ihl eong gilng ddng, v l n de dat la sd dung phyang phap thi eong t h i nao cho hieu qua? Kinh nghiem cho thay, phyang phap xi mang hoa d l gia cydng d l l d l mem y l u , sung nydc qua trinh Ihi eong gilng dyae sd dyng kha p h i biln Theo phyang phap nay, nguyen ly bam ep ITnh dong chay l i n g de giai quylt viec gia co d l l da va chlng thim, nhien, tin cay cua vung gia cydng khong cao, gia dIt, Hien nay, phyang phap nhdng tiln bp ky thuat viec san xult eae thill bj va nguyen ly bam ep gia cydng dpng, dya tren ddng chay roi cua Tap doan Keller Tera [7] nhlm han c h i sy thit Ihoat dung dich bam, thi eong thuan Igi, an toan, khong che dyge vung gia cydng, ngSn ngda nydc tham vao cong trinh v.v can dyac xem xet de I p dyng thi eong gilng dilu kien dae biet cua nydc la Cung theo kinh nghiem Ihi cong xd ly cac myang d i n nyde vung Dong blng B I C bo Viet Nam, viec sd dung phyang phap nhdi vdi eae thep t i l l dien dang chd U, hai ben mep thep co dai moc lien dong lien kit cac da ngan nydc chay vao cong Irinh kha hieu qua (hinh 1) Phyang phap cung co I h l ap dung cho viec thi eong gilng mo dilu kien d l l ngap nydc nhy tai Ding blng song Hong hoac khu vyc dIt da bli tich tai Quang Ninh D l ap dyng kit hap cac phyang phap n6i tren, cIn ting hgp cac kinh nghigm thyc _:^ ^ _ ^ ^ _ ^ \ s \ - < l » ^ -JSV.I Moc lien dpng Hinh Thep cgc c d hinh mang KHCNM SO 3/2012* CNKT HAM LO Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghp m6 Bang Mpf so bi^n phap thi cong gieng dimg vi dieu kl^n ip dyng TT Ten phuxxng phip Dao sau thydng S y dyng nhdi Ha chlm gilng dyng Dieu ki$n dja kp thu^t binh o i l vdi cac c h i l u sau theo o a r i n g kh6, da b i n vfrng y&u c l u Chieu siu ip O i n dO sau 25m - 30m Oa r i n g , chda n y d c Lwu lu^g nu^ chiy vio gieng Dao sau hi§u q u i lyu lygng n y g c chay vao g i l n g kh6ng qua CSm^/phut, ca bi$t, c6 t h i ISn den m^/phut Bdo h6a gidi han 0,3 0,5m^/phut BSo hda gidi han 0,3 1,0m^/phut, phy thuOc dydng klnti gilng BSo h6a gi6i han 0,3 I.OmVphLit, phu thuOc flyb'ng kinh gilng D6n dO sau khoang 50m ap s u i t thuy tinh kh6ng qua 20m c6t n y d c D i n dO sau k h o l n g SOm c a n b l n g ap c h i l u cao cOt n y c thIp s u i t Keson han ap s u i t thuy tinh Ha myc nu'dc O i n dO sau khoSng 50m nglm o a n d6 sau theo ySu c l u , Gia cu-gng b l n g ap s u i t thuy ITnh d y i hoci c h i t 30 Aim Gia c y n g bang Oen dO sSu theo y6u e l u c h i t v6 ca 06ng bang da Den dp sau theo ySu c l u o a kh6ng t h I m n y d c Bao hoa gidi han Im'/phOt Khoang 600m vdi O gieng Klioan dyanc 7,5m, da mem va khoang 300m da ben vdng vdi kinh idn O g i l n g den 5.0m Da r6ng v a b i n vOng, phy thu6c vao d y d n g L y u l y g n g chay vao gieng bit ky kinh va c h i l u sau khoan v6 te, tyang dng vdi moi loai dieu kien dja chit, thuy van Mot s i bien phap thi eong dac biet dyac trinh bly bang 1, do, cac phyang phap ddng nhoi hay dao sau thong thydng, ap dung lyu lygng nydc chay vao gieng tdi 30m^/gid din 60mVgid Song, v l n de can giai quyet eong nghe thi cong dao sau la chilu cao chlng giy hay tien dp ehu ky khoan n l va ngan ngda nydc chay vao cong trinh dya gilng vao san xult Trong d l l da mem ylu, ngap nydc, viec dao sau thydng sd dung cac thiet bj bIc xue nhy g i u nhop ma khong sd dyng phyang phap khoan no Cac thep long mang hinh chd U dygc dong xuyen vao long dIt blng thilt Da r i n g , chil'a n y d c , khOng c6 da eye o a r i n g , chya nydc, kh6ng c6 da eye oa ring bj nen chuyen dyng (hinh 2), vdi thilt bi I n xuyen ITnh co lyc I n xuyen Idn co t h i I n cac dan le va noi dai d i n vai chye met Tuy nhien, de cac thep khong bj ap lyc nen gay bien dang bydc chlng c l dinh v6 gilng, thdi gian thi cong v6 chlng c l djnh phai dygc tinh toan cho thep khong bj vong, d l co I h l I n nil tilp theo yeu c l u Theo [4], dp sau phIn Ihi cong blng phyang phap nhoi thing ddng chi dat mdc -15m d i i vdi cac vj tri gilng dao ngap nydc vdi VLing dIt phu mem y l u , kho nydc, sau dong nhoi theo phyang thing ddng co the xuing d i n 30m Khi Idp dIt phu CO chieu day Idn, vi$c sy dyng phyang phap nhoi hieu qua, nhyng KHCNM S 3/2012* CNKT HAM L p Den 1,5m^/phut o a rong, h0 s6 tham L y u l y a n g Idn den vai ctiuc 16'n, b i n vyng, nyt ne m^/phut L y u lygng chay vao gilng bit ky c a c logi da mo viec dong nhoi theo phyang thing ddng kh6 khan, co the sd dyng phyang phap nh6i nghieng Cae nhpi dyac dong vao Idp dIt xung quanh gilng vdi goc nghieng 70°- 75° Nhlm dam bao qua trinh lam viec va tuoi thp lau dai cua gieng can ngan khong cho Hinh Miy ip cgc c d Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo nydc chay vao vdi lyu lygng cao (co the len tdi vai ngan met khoi) nhy [1] da ehf Nhy vay, ngoai viec sd dung phyang phap nhoi bang vat lieu va thiet bj da neu tren can phai sd dung nhdng thilt bj va cong nghe thi cong tram g i n bang vda xi mang sieu mm Day la nhdng thilt bi, cong nghe mdi dygc ap dung thi cong cac eong trinh xay dyng gilng mo va eac cong trinh dan dung tren the gidi Lyu lyang va t i c dp dong chay vao gilng anh hydng d i n phyang phap thi eong gilng Trong cac phyang phap ngan chan nydc tham nhap vao gilng qua trinh thi cong (gia cydng) sd dung xi mang, set, bitum lam eae chit dinh kit dong ran cIn eo mot thdi gian nhIt djnh Trong qua trinh dong rln, nlu dong chay vdi tic va lyu lygng Idn se rda troi vda xi mlng, Vi vay, theo Qui ehuin eua Nga thi cong gia cydng bang xi mang, set, bitum, lyu lygng nydc chay vao gilng khong v y g l qua 20mVgid Trong do, theo Qui chuan cua Trung Quic [5], sd dyng bam ep dung djch dac diem khe ndt va 16 rong xi mang, lyu lygng nydc Khi khe ndt hay 16 ring cang khong qua lOmVgid Vdi |yu nho, can phai sd dung cae hat lygng nydc chay vao gieng bam dinh Khi khe ndt hay Idn nhy vung song Hing, viec 16 ring gida cac hat cang Idn bam ep ITnh, sd dyng nguyen thi viec sd dyng chit dinh kit ly dong chay ting theo [3] CO cd hat Iho han d l dam bao khong hieu qua, tiSu hao rlt kinh t l Vi vay ngydi ta de xult nhieu dung djch bam, khong viec sd dyng cac loai chit bam khing c h i dygc vung gia dinh v6 ea gia cydng cydng, tinh kha thi thIp d i i vdi nhy bang va dygc mo ta tren khli d l l da gia cydng chlng hinh Ihim quanh gilng v.v Phyang phap thi cong bang Hien nay, tren thi trydng da bam ep ITnh vda xi mang va CO nhieu loai hoi chit nhy cac phu gia gia cydng dang dyae chit polime san phim cua hoi thye hien thi cong dao dau vdi nhilu yu dilm nhy sau gilng, thi cong cae dydng mjn eao, c6 thi chui vao nhdng 16, eong trinh nglm nhy cac khe ndl va 16 ring eye nho, gilng ddng tai mo than Ha tang kha nang ngan chan Lam, ehong Ihim cac dydng 16 nydc, v.v Tuy nhien, gia vat dao khu vyc bai thai lieu d l l g i p hang chye l l n xi B I C COC Sau, dydng him qua mang, lam tang chi phi Do do, deo Hai Van, chong thIm nIn t i l nhIt v l n la sd dyng xi dap thuy dien Yaly vv mang, nhIt la xi mang sieu Sd dung bam ep dong vdi mm, mot loai vat lieu dinh kit c i c 16 khoan song song nen rlt phi biln tren thj trydng Viet khoang each gida eac 16 it sal Nam vdi nhilu ehung loai phong phu, k l ea loai sieu mjn lech, eae doan bam ep ngin, nhy Rheoeem vdi dien tich b l khIng ehl dyge chit lygng v l lyang dung djeh bam ep D l mat len tdi 900m^ tren 1kg bam ep dung djeh gia cydng, Xi mang hoa hay gia cydng cIn phai sd dung cae may bang chat v6 ca phu thuoe vao bam dang pitston, ap suit bam Bang Mot so chat gia cuvfng khoi da va dieu kien ap dung Loai da cin gia cwdng Dac diSm (khe nOi vi hat) He sd tham Be xuat phuang phip Set (bitum) d6i vo'i nu'ffc xam thye Xi mang + phu gia v6 co hoSc hoa deo Oa b i n vO'ng L6 r i n g k > 80m/ngay d§m o a b i n vUng L I r i n g va mach nu't 80>K>20m/ng d6m Da b i n vOng Khe nyt m d trung binh >0,02mm K< 20m/ng d6m k 10"''cm/giay oa ring Cat hat mm va hgt tho, kich ca 5k > 10-^em/giay 2mm Xi mSng phu gia hoa deo Oa rong c a t hat th6 k > lO-^cm/giay Xi mang Da r i n g Cat hat trung binh - 0,2mm k > 10"^em/giay Gia c y o n g hoa chat Oa r i n g Oa rong Xi mang dung dich Gia cu'o'ng hoa chat va Cat hat trung, mjn eo' hat k > 10"^cm/giay huyen phii bitum 0,06mm k > ^ c m / g i a y Gia c6 dien hoa Hat mjn va rat mm, c d hat 0,2mm KHCNM s 3/2012* CNKT HAM LO ^^^ " Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo • biai set 1" r dl SAdunNiu ' „ » !* ' '• Via j n n f l i ^ r Vuitfin]hd|> 1 Xilrilniimi i ^^ r ãI t m i