Thdng tin khoa hoc cong nghg mo ^DE XUAT SU''''A DOI QUY CHUAN KY THUAT QUOC GIA VE AN TOAN (QCVN 01 2ai1/BCT) trong khai thae than ham I6 • ^ TS TAKEHIRO ISEI Chuyen vidn tinh nguydn JICA tai Vi$n Khoa[.]
Thdng tin khoa hoc cong nghg m o • ^ ^DE XUAT SU'A DOI QUY CHUAN KY THUAT QUOC GIA VE AN TOAN (QCVN 01:2ai1/BCT) khai thae than ham I6 Since the safety engineering regulations for underground TS TAKEHIRO ISEI shale and coal mines TCN-14-06-2006 (Safety Regulations Chuyen vidn tinh nguydn JICA 2006) also so-called Safety Regulations 2000 has been tai Vi$n Khoa hoc Cdng nghe Md-Vinacoin promulgated, there have been many problems in these regTS TRAN TU BA ulations that need to be considered and modified for mailing Vien Khoa hoc Cdng nghe Md-Vinacomin advantages in its implementation process In this paper, the authors provide some concrete examples on the contents of the articles, and then propose the best solutions for modifying QCVN 2011 in respect of technical aspect Ldi toa soan: TS Trin TO Ba, Vidn tnrdng Vidn Khoa hge Cdng nghd Md - Vinacomin, nguydn Glim ddc Tmng tam A toin I\/I6, TS Takehiro Isei, nguydn Tnidng gin cac may moc, dung cu va cac cong trinh, d§ tim ngudi chiu trdch nhiem thyc hidn cdc thiet bj; Ngan ngua sut lun b l mat hoat dpng quy djnh khai thae him 16, Cac hoat dong an toan khde Co mpt so each diln giai v l doi tup'ng chju thdi gian nghi, gidn doan khong lam vi0c trdch nhiem nhu cdc diiu sau: - Dieu 9-1: Giam doc dieu hdnh md 1.2 NgiFcyi chju trach nhiem ve an toan mo Trong Diiu (Dii tup-ng dp dung, thyc hien), - Khong quy djnh ve doi tugng nhu Diiu 15CO diem khong ro rang nhu sau: "quy chudn ndy 1: Phai phan cdng toi thilu ngudi cd kinh dp dung cho cdc t l chiec ca nhan co lien quan nghiem nghe thyc hipn cdng tac den cac mo ham 16 tren lanh tho Viet Nam." Quy nhung ngdy nghi san xuat, hogc tgi Diiu djnh co chi Id ngudi chiu trach nhiem 18-1: Cdc tni-dng hp'p sy co, tai ngn lao dpng cd lien quan den san xuat cua mo phai dugc ghi cho sy an toan cua mo than ham 16? Tgi cdc nudc phucng Tdy, ngudi chju trach chep, khai bao, dllu tra, danh gid, thing k6, khIc Nhirng vdn d l trao doi 1.1 Cac quan dfem va dinh nghia cua "An toan Mo" KHCNM S6 9/2014 * NGHIEN CUU - TRAO OOl Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe md phuc tai ngn, sy c6 t i n thuong ve ngudi hogc hu hgi tai san, luu giu vd bao cdo vdi co quan ly d p tren theo quy djnh - Quy djnh d i i tugng chju trdch nhiem ve phdp ly nhu Dieu 4-1-a: Moi md ham Id - Quy ^ n h doi tugng chju trach nhiem Id ngudi lao dpng nhu tgi Dieu - Quy djnh d i i tugng khong eg t h i nhu tgi Diiu 16-2: Ngudi chT huy sdn xuat Ngogi tru quy dinh tai Dieu 9-1, cac quy djnh khac khdng phan (^nh ro rdng Id ngudi se thyc hign cdc yeu d u cua cdc diiu Quy chuin V l mgt phdp ly, d n phai quy (Tinh ngudi se thi hdnh cde yeu d u Trong tnjdng hgp Luat mo vd Quy phgm An toan Mo eua Nhat Ban, doi tugng thyc hien dugc quy djnh ro rang, neu khong, se thudng co cde quy djnh kem theo Vi dg v l Quy pham an todn mo Nhat Ban [2]: Diiu 84 I.Theo Diiu vd 30 cua Lugt, ngudi chu mo phai thi hdnh cde yeu d u neu cde dieu tu 86 din 98, 99 va 131 d i n 133 de dam bao cdc y6u d u an toan v l thong gio, chong chay Theo Diiu vd 30 cua Lugt, gidm sat an todn, nhdn vien an loan, cong nhan phai thi hanh cde yeu d u neu cdc diiu 101 (bao gom cd nhung dp dgng 102), 132 va 134 de dam bao edc yeu d u an todn v l thong gi6, ching chdy Nhu vdy, cdc diiu khong quy djnh ve doi tugng thyc hign, ngudi chju trdch nhiem phai tudn thu theo cdc quy djnh eg the da dugc mo ta toj-dc Cin thilt phai Idm ro al la ngudi chju trdch nhigm tudn thu edc quy djnh mil dilu cue Quy chuan, neu khong, cdc dilu quy djnh se v6 nghTa va khong thyc t l eho cdc mo than Mot cdc giai phap cho van d l neu tren Id co the dua them mpt dieu vdo Chuo-ng I d phdn Quy djnh chung nhu sau' Dilu X: Gidm doc dilu hdnh cua mo la ngudi ehi djnh edn bp, d i i tugng tudn thu cdc quy dinh Quy chuan 1.4 Xem x6t van de i^eu ki§n tip nhien cda tCmgmd Dilu kidn ty nhien cua mli mo than hodn todn khde nhau, cung theo dd, cong nghe khai thdc m l i mo cung khde Vi the, mli mo deu c6 v i n 6e rieng cua minh sdn xuat vd quan ly an todn Vi vdy, khong t h i dp dung quy (Tinh v l an todn cho edc mo than bang mpt bp Quy chuan nhy QCVN 2011 Tot nhat, QCVN ehi quy djnh cdc dieu eg ban vd de cdc md lap Quy (jjnh an todn ndi bp cho phCi hgp vdi (Seu kien cua md minh v i qudn ly an todn cung nhu cong nghe khai thdc Trong trudng hgp Nhat Ban, nhung v i n d l eg t h i lien quan den dilu kien thyc te san xuat dugc cho phep quy djnh Quy djnh an todn npi bp dya tren Dieu 10 cua Luat An todn Mo vd dugc cho phep cdc npi dung quy dinh cua Quy pham An todn md than Vi du nhu viec d i i vdi hien tugng ty chdy duge quy djnh Quy (Jjnh an todn npi bp nhu sau: - Phuong phdp phdt hien diu hi^u ty chay - Phuo'ng phdp khai thae via co tinh ty chdy - Bien phdp ph6ng ngua cho khu vyc co nguy CO xay ty chdy - Phuong phap ching chay va phuong phdp cdch ly - Cdc bien phdp sau ching chay, each ly Trong QCVN 2011, mpt so npi dung v l ky thuat, cong nghg, nhu khau than, chong 16, dilu khiln da vach, thong gio, ddo 16, da dugc de hp chieu theo yeu d u cua Gidm doc dilu hanh mo Tuy nhien, npi dung cua nhiiu quy djnh an toan lgi de cap qud sau v l nh&ng npi dung nay, hogc chi cho phep thyc hien theo each thue nhat dwac quy djnh d l giai quyet van d l (Dilu 108-5), dan den viec lya chpn giai phap ve an toan trd nen han che Theo kinh nghiem cua Nhgt Ban, d l mo than CO t h i linh dpng viec lya chpn cac giai phap v l an todn, QCVN chi nen quy djnh nhung dieu ehung va eo ban de giu an todn, cac van d l chi tilt vd eg the nen neu Quy djnh an todn npi bp cong ty 1.5 Cac van de ve ky thuat cac quy djnh Trong QCVN 2011, co mot so dieu khong thi thyc hien theo yeu to ky thuat tai hien trudng hoac cac quy djnh dua rdt kho hieu Ben canh c6n mot so quy dinh khong thue su can thiet Vi du, Dieu 42-3 quy djnh toe gio tai 16 chudn bj hay guong 16 than phai la 0,25m/giay (Dllu 42-3-a), 0,5m/giay (Oilu 42-3-b) va K H C N M S / l * N G F n r N r i I - I RAO IHU Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo W" ve hoac hon nua Tham chi, vdi each thy ndy, ngudi deo binh cd the di vdi thdi gian Idn hon thdi gian bao v0 vi chit h i p thu khong co gi thay d i i khong cd phan ung gi vdi khdng khong cd CO Ben cgnh nhl>ng dilu da neu tren ddy rat nhieu nhung dieu vd nghTa khac QCVN 2011 nhin tCr khia cgnh ky thugt T i t ca cdc quy djnh QCVN nen gan vdi dilu kien thyc t l , neu khdng phai lam ro rang mpt sd quy djnh se dirac thyc hien bang each dua tren dilu kien thyc t l 1.6 Quy dinh voi su' han che ve so lu^g va lipa chgn giai phap Trong D i l u 108, rat nhiiu quy djnh v l vi^c ph6ng chong ty chay dugc quy 3\nh Nhy g Khoan 108-5, quy djnh khai thdc via than co tinh ty chdy phai ddo 16 dd, dp dgng hg thing khai thdc ehia cot ddi theo phuong, hogc d Khoan 10810, quy djnh viec chen Id todn phan khong tinh den chilu day via, phuo'ng phdp khai thae L6 chuan bj dao dd chi" Id mpt Tuong ty, xem xet Ghi ehu so 2, Dilu 42, nhung giai phap eho vigc md via vdi via than co tinh tu chdy Tuy nhien, he thing khai thae cOt quy djnh "Khi nhiet dp khong mo thdp hon 16°C, tic dp gi6 ede guong khau than va ddi theo phuong khong phai Id cdch tot nhit de ph6ng ching hien tugng ty chay vi c6n nhiiu hg 16 cut dang hoat dpng t i i da Id 0,75m/s" Nhiet khong tai guong khdu than thing khai thdc khac cung c6 t h i ngan ngua ty mo ham 16 Viet Nam nho hon BOC la khong c6 chdy Chung ta nen ghi nhdn rang eo nhiiu giai that Hon nua, toe dp gio guong phai dugc phdp khde d l phong ngOa hign tugng ty xem xet tinh toan dya tren lugng gio co ban 6e chay ngoai nhl>ng dilu neu tren, vi dg nhu vigc h6a loang lugng metan hoac lugng khong khing c h i thdi gian khai thdc, Cung d n phai luu y ve dieu kien ty nhien, d n d p eho ngudi lam viec chu khong phai san xudt tai m l i md Id khac so vdi nhOng la dya tren nhiet dp tgi noi lam viec Mue dieh va y tudng ky thudt tai Dilu 11-2-a gi da quy djnh tgi D i l u 108 De giij an todn, c6 rat nhieu bign phap dugc Id hodn toan khong t h i hilu: "Khi hanh trinh rut lui din vj tri an todn mit tren 90% thdi gian bao dua dya tren dieu kien ty nhien vd dja chit ve cua binh ty cuu ea nhan, thdng mpt l l n eung nhu phuong phap khai thae ap dgng tgi trude thoa thuan phuong an U'CSC - TKCN, m l i mo Quy pham nen ddnh cho md sy lya Gidm doc dieu hdnh md phai to chuc mpt nh6m chpn d l qua do, mo cd the lya chpn giai phdp nhan vien ky thuat deo binh ty cuu ea nhdn di t i t nhdt phu hgp vdi dllu kipn cua moi mo Cac theo hdnh trinh d l kilm tra" V l ban chit, quy djnh cung n h i c cd the Idm mo khdng lya binh ty cuu su dung phan Idn tai eac mo cua chpn duge giai phdp tot nhit phu hgp vdi dilu Viet Nam hien Id loai binh hdp thu su dung kien cua minh phin Ipc Idm chat hdp thu nham chuyin CO 1.7 Van de lien quan den ky nang xay thdnh C02 dong di qua phin Ipc Vi thi, dimg van ban luat se Id khong co y nghTa gi deo binh Nhan xet tu khia cgnh ky nang xay dyng vdn vd di dilu ki$n khong binh thudng, ban lugt, vdi yeu eau d u true vd npi dung d n khong co CO cho den h i t thdi gian bao phai d l hieu, QCVN 2011 cdn t i n tgi nhiiu dilm Q,15m/giay (Dilu 42-3-c) Tuy nhien, tren thyc t l , khdng mpt logi may gid nao c6 t h i dugc t i e dp gi6 nhd hon 0,5m/giay Hogc nhu quy