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KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO ^ ^ NGHIEN CQU O N G D U N G CONG NGHE TRAM THAM CHIEU HOAT DONG LIEN TUC (CORS) TRONG CONG TAC DO VE THANH LAP BAN DO KHfll THAC 6 MO LO THI€N H î n nay, vdi chucng trinh na[.]
_^^ KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO NGHIEN CQU O N G D U N G CONG NGHE TRAM THAM CHIEU HOAT DONG LIEN TUC (CORS) TRONG CONG TAC DO VE THANH LAP BAN DO KHfll THAC MO LO THI€N TS PHAM CONG KHAI Trwong Dai hgc Mo-Dja chat i^n nay, vdi chucng trinh nang cap vd ddi mdi hp thing GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation Satellite System) cua Lien bang Nga vd ehuang trinh xay dung he thing Galileo cua Cpng ddng Chau Au hay he thing ve tinh dinh vj COMPASS cua Trung QuIc da tao nhung thay dli to Idn v l tuong lai cua edng nghe djnh vj vp tinh Them vdo dd, ban thdn he thing djnh vj GPS cua My cung dang cd cdc ehuong trinh ndng cap nham cai thipn va nang cao kha ndng tich hpp cung nhu dO chinh xac cua s l lieu md he thing ndy dang cung elp Sy kit hpp cua cac he thing GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO va COMPASS se hinh thdnh nen hp thing v§ tinh din dudng toan clu GNSS, nd se cung cap so lup'ng vp tinh nhilu han so vdi sd lup'ng v^ tinh hipn cd cua GPS, vi vay ndng cao dupe dp chinh xdc cua cac mdy thu mat dIt vd cung cap dupe nhilu ung dung han Nhung dli thay mang tinh chiln luae cua hp thing GNSS nhu tinh da he, muc dp phat triln cua h§ thing ho trp, may thu, phdn mIm vd cae phucng phdp mdi anh hudng Idn tdi cdc ung dung I7nh vyc trie dja-ban d l Nd thuc dly vi^c thyc hi^n cdng tac dinh vj theo xu thi mdi dd Id thilt Igp mgng ludi cae tr?m CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Station) thay thi cho mgng ludi trie dja truyin thing H Vipc xdy dyng trgm CORS cd nhilu y nghla, no phiJ hp-p vdi mpi ngudi dung, khdng edn gidi han ITnh vyc trie dja ban d l ed thi ddng thdi thoa mdn tuc thdi nhilu yeu clu khac nhau, cung d p ehl d | dOng thdi gian thyc RTK vdi dp chinh xdc cac U'u dilm cua CORS Id pham^ vi phu sdng rOng, hi$u qua cao, su dgng lau ddi, trd thdnh xu hudng mdi ITnh vyc trie dia-ban d l , nd cung d p cho tit ca ngudi dung sy I n djnh vd thing nhlt cua h$ thing tham chilu tpa dp va ehuin hda ca sd dO lieu trie dia ban dd, nang cao chit lupng va hieu suit cua s l lieu ngoai nghiep Bai bao trinh bay giai phdp cdng nghe cua tram CORS vdi ehi>e nang dpng thdi gian thuc RTK d l thdnh lap ban dd dja hinh khai thac md Gidi thieu he thdng tram CORS Hp thing tram tham chilu vdn hanh lien tuc CORS dup'c dinh nghla la mpt hodc nhilu tram tham chilu GNSS van hdnh lien tuc, c l djnh, kit hpp mdy tinh chu (Server) va he thing mang internet truyin dH lieu tao thdnh mpt mang ludi Thdng qua nhung cdng tac dac cua khach hang d nhung khoang thdi gian, dja hinh, dilu kien va muc dp khdc da dupe tryc tilp truyin nhij'ng tri cua may pha sdng tai, (khoang each gia), tham s l thay dli, tlnh trang thdng tin, va nhi>ng thdng s l khac cd lien quan din he thing phuc vu cua GNSS He thing tram CORS cua tap doan may trie dja Nam Phuong (SOUTH) lip dat d trudng D?i hpc Mo-Dja chit dupe thi hien nhu (hinh H.l) He thing trgm CORS bao glm cac bp phan sau 1.1 Bg phan tram chuan NRS Tram thu dupe dat d noi an toan, thdng thoang, it bj anh hudng cua hipu ung da dudng din, ludi dien I n djnh He thing may thu Id loai NRS NET S8, su dung bo m?ch chu cua Trimble BD970, 220 kenh, ho trp' thu tin hipu vp tinh GPS, Glonass, Compass; hd trp GIOVE-A; GIOVE-B, tin suit thu thap ed thi dat 50 Hertz He thing cd cIng kit nli da nang, cd kha nang phye hoi sau mIt dipn vd ty dpng ho?t dpng lien tgc nhu cai dat ban diu; trudng hpp sau bj ngit mgng internet vdn bao luu s l lipu va sau kit ndi dupe vdi mang thi so lipu tilp tuc ty dpng trut vdo mdy (H.2a) Anten thu su dyng v§t lipu it co dan, ed kha ndng logi bd sdng tgp hi^u ung da dudng din, C()NGNGHl|PM0Sd5-2014 KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE MO thilt k l dinh tam dilm vdi dp on djnh cua tam anten dat din 0,8 mm va cd kha nang thu tin hieu d gdc ngudng rat nhd {H.2b) H.2 Tram thu chuan NRS NET 38 (a) va antenna cua hang South fb) H.1 Tram CORS-N001 tai tnmng Dai hoc Mo-Dja chit 2.2 Trung tam dieu khien cua he thong NRS Trung tdm xu ly s l lieu, thdng qua may tinh chC (Server) dup'c kit noi vdi mot dup'c truyin Internet rieng va dup'c dang ky mot IP tTnh, cd the phdn cap quan ly, theo tOng doi tup'ng ngudi su dyng bing hai phIn mIm di kem: NRS-Center>{phyc vg tinh toan sd lieu, phan bo sd lieu tram thu t7nh) va NRS-Server cung d p thdng tin sai phan cho dilm di ddng Tiln hanh XLF ly so lieu cCia mang ludi ddng RTK, ddng thdi hieu chfnh cdc sd nguyen da cua toan mang, thilt lap md hinh cai chinh (glm cai chinh sai sd ting ddi luu, tdng dien ly, quy dgo ve tinh) Trung tam dilu khien cua lid thong NRS dupe the hien nhu hinh H.3 H.3 Trung tam di4u khiin cua he thong tram CORS Trung tam dilu khien cua tram CORS se dam Xac djnh tpa tuyet doi tpa d0 tr^m nhipm todn bp cac cdng viec tu thu nhan tin hieu GNSS, xu ly so lieu, cung d p so lieu cai chinh clio CORS-N001 bang phan mem Bernese 5.0 cac tram ddng (ROVER) mpt each tuc thdi va luu Sau lap dat xong hp thing trgm CORS ttil tru toan bp du lipu thu nhan dupe mpt nhipm vg quan trpng Id phai xac dinh dupe tpa m CANG NGHIEP MO s i 5-2014 KHOA HOC ( A CONG NGHE MO 30 cua tram CORS h§ tpa dp WGS-84 Be K4C djnh tpa flp cho diem tram CORS-N001, tien hanh k i t n6i v6i 11 fflim IGS quoc te (BJFS-Bac Kinh; SHAO-Thirpng Hal; WUHN-VO Han-Trung qu6c: DAEJ-HSn Qu6c; PtMO-Phillppine; NTUSSingapore; TOMS, TNML, TWTF-Dai Loan; IISC, LHAZ-An Dp) vi diFpc tinh khung quy chilu trSi d4t ITRF 2008 (hinh H.4) bang phan mSm dp chinh xac cao Bernese 5.0 Trong d6, cac diem BJFS, NTUS, WUHN su dung s6 lipu thu cua GPS va GLONASS H.4 Sa dlim tram CORS-N001 lu va cung d p tai lieu thyc tap cho sinh vien Thiet bj thu* nghiem theo phu'ong thiic CORS/RTK la may thu tin s6 S82T cua SOUTH Tru'b'c tiln hanh cong tac dac cIn phai tiln hanh cac thao tac nhy kit nli tram dgng ROVER VO'I tram CORS, cai dat cac thong s6 va cac tham sd tinh chuyin tpa dp theo khu vyc Sau thilt bj thong bao cac kit qua c^i dat da hoan tit, ngu-ai chi viec di chuyin ma>udo va dat vao cac dilm d$c tru-ng tren dja hinh bo mo, thai gian mpt diem vao khoang mot giay Tpa dp cua cac dilm dyp'c lu'u try mpt thu' muc rieng bp dilu khiln cua may du-ai dang tep co phIn ma rOng * DAT, sau CO t h i chuyin sang dang tep co phIn ma rpng khac (vi du nhu- *.TXT) d l xy ly theo tirng djnh dang cua phIn mIm Tpa dp cua cac tram dpng dyp'c gyi v l trung tam dilu khiln cua h§ thing tram CORS d l quan ly, theo ddi va xi> 1^ tire thdi (H.6), vi vay qua trinh va ve ban cd t h i tiln hanh ddng thdi H Quan ly tram dong cua trung tam d'eu khiin h$ thong tram CORS Tw tpa cua cac diem chi tiet dyac thong qua phu'ong thiJc CORS/RTK, sy dung phIn mIm TOPO cua cdng ty Hai Hda, se !$p du'pc ban dja hinh mpt phIn khu vyc thu'c nghiem dypcthlhi#nnhu'H.7 De kilm tra, danh gia dp chinh xAc kit qua BT CONG NGHIEP MO so - bang phu-ang thyc CORS/RTK, khu vyc t i t ca cac dilm chi tilt d i u dy^c danh diu r6 rang va du'p'c lai bing cdng nghe GPS tlnh Kit qua bing hai phu-ang thtic v^ chSnh l^ch tpa dp cua cac dilm dyac t h i hi^n nhy il (Bang 3) ^ ^ KHOA HOC Vi CONG NGHE MD Bing KM qui diem song tring bSng cong nghe CORS/RTK vi GPS tinh Tpa dO CORS/RTK (m) Chanh lech tpa dO (m) dh dy dx H Y X h •h' J332684.151 581387.246 11.356 2332684.191 581387.256 11.371 0.040 0.010 0.015 ^332703.978 581457.441 11.402 2332704.001 581457.493 11.371 0.023 0.052 -0.031 ' 2336057.763 581296.270 7.098 2336057.834 581296.275 7.065 0.071 0.005 -0.033 Tpa dp GNSS (m) X Y 2337879.052 2339779.664 2341736.511 2343970,726 2347180.723 580704.809 580715.881 580789.226 580864.161 580536.624 TT 166 157 158 159 160 *• + + + " " 11.348 9.514 11.734 10.410 10.756 2337879.104 2339779.714 2341736.552 2343970.775 2347180.728 + X""^ + • + 5Nt\7- -•'(•' + ' '•'- + + = =- =fc^ • i^TT- H.7 Ban d6 thyc nghiem khu vyc nghiem bing phuang thirc CORS/RTK Jit kit qua kilm tra a Bang tren nhan thIy ring chdnh l^ch giu'a hai phu-ang phap bing cdng ngh0 CORS/RTK va GPS tTnh la khdng Idn, vl v$y ho^n toan cd t h i i>ng dgng cong nghp cdng tSc th^nh lap ban khai thac a cac md to thidn K i t (uan Cdng ngh$ trgm CORS vd-i chLPC nang RTK da ma mdt bydc tiln mdi ITnh trie dia b5n d l Vdi yu thi v l cdng ngh? CORS/RTK da Idm thay dli nhO-ng cdng ngh0 truyin thong cdng tdc thdnh l$p ban dd, chuyin tu- cdc phyang phdp tTnh, d|ng (m0t trgm chu) Id chu ylu, 580704.814 580715.903 580789.214 580864.132 580535.613 11.298 9.586 11.691 10.432 10.718 0.052 0.050 0.041 0.049 0.005 0.005 0.022 -0.012 -0.029 -0.011 -0.050 0.072 -0.043 0.022 -0.038 da hinh phyang phap ddng theo lu-di thdi gian thyc Mang lu-di trgm CORS giup cho cdng tac dac ban dd dja hinh md ma khdng can phai xay dyng lydi khong chi cdc d p , ngoai nd phuc vu cdng tdc quy hoach, thi cdng cdng trinh, quan ly tai nguyen dIt va khodng san, nghien cuu djch chuyin biln dang mat ddt anh hu-dng cua khai thde md him Id va truot Id" bd md Id thien Cdng ngh$ CORS/RTK da lam thay ddi ca ban phu-ang phap dac truyin thdng Phyang thLFc RTK da thay ddi ehl dp cu 1+1 truyin thong, thay vdo dd ngyd-i dung chi cIn mot tram ddng (Rover) lap tyc cd t h i tiln hanh dgc vdi chinh xac cao nhat Cdng nghe trgm CORS hodn todn ddp u-ng du-ac cdc yeu cau v l dp chinh xac, dam bao cho cdc cdng tac dac ca ban nhu- ve ban dd dja hinh, ban dd dja chinh va cac cdng tac trie dia phuc vy khai thac md.D TAI LIEU THAM K H A O Lei Wang, Wu-sheng Hu Study and Application in Road Survey on CORS Technique Procedia-Soeial and Behavioral Sciences, Volume 96, November 2013, Pages 1707-1711 Elena Gimenez, Mattia Crespi, M Selmira Garrido, Antonio J Gil Multivariate outlier detection based on robust computation of Mahalanobis distances Application to positioning assisted by RTK GNSS Networks International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Volume 16, June 2012, Pages 94-100 Gao Jing-xiang Hu Hong, Advanced GNSS technology of mining deformation monitoring The (Xem tiep trang 16 C0NGNGHIEPMdsO5-2Q14 ... 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