Tgp chi Khoa bgc Tru&ng Dai hoc Can Tho Phan A Khoahgc Tunhien, Cdng nghe va Moi truang 29(2013) 66 7$ Tap chl Khoa hpc Tru''''dng Dai hoc Can Thd website sj ctu edu vn xu* LY CHAT THAI CHAN NU6l HO GIA[.]
Tgp chi Khoa bgc Tru&ng Dai hoc Can Tho Phan A Khoahgc Tunhien, Cdng nghe va Moi truang- 29(20 Tap chl Khoa hpc Tru'dng Dai hoc Can Thd website: sj.ctu.edu.vn xu* LY CHAT THAI CHAN NU6l HO GIA DINH NGHIEN Ciru THtj* NGHIEM KlEU TUI U MOfI HDPE Pham Minh Tri', Nguyen Thj Cdm Nhung^ va Nguyen V5 Chau Ngan' ' Khoa Mdi trudng & Tdi nguyin Thiin nhien TrudngDgi hgc Cdn Tho ^ Khoa Nong nghiip Trudng Cao ddng Cgng ddng Vinh Long Thdng tin chung: Ngdy nhgn: 07/06/2013 Ngdy chdp nhgn- 24/12/2013 Title: Husbandry wastewater treatment at household scale - New testing on HDPE digester Tir khda: Chdt thai chdn nudi heo DBSCL mdng HDPE, tiii ii ABSTRACT To overcome the technical and financial barriers of biogas construction this study was done to understand the applicability of the HDPE digester at household scale in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta Three HDPE digesters and one PE digester were installed at four farmer households at the Binh Tan district, Vinh Long province for husbandry wastewater treatment The study results showed that HDPE digester's treatment efficiency ranged from 70-85%, which was not significantly diffenrent from the treatment efficiency oflhe PE digester As being produced from durable HDPE layers, the HDPE offered easy and quick installation, and it was practically to fix problems that might happen to HDPE digester In addition, the HDPE digester obtained sufficient treatment efficiency durability, suitability of investment cost leading to new opportunity for husbandry wastewater treatment at farmers scale TOM TAT Keywords: Biogas digester, HDPE layer, husbandry wastewater, the Mekong Delta Nhdm gidi quyet cdc virdng mdc ve ky thugt vd Idi chinh cua hdm u biogas, nghiin cuu ndy dugc thirc hiin de khdo sal khd ndng dng dung tui u HDPE tgi cdc hg ndng ddn a DBSCL Tdng cgng tiii ii HDPE vd I tiii u PE dugc ldp dgt tgi ho ddn d huyin Binh Tdn, tinh VTnh Long de xir ly chdt thdi chdn nuoi heo Kit qud ddnh gid hiiu qud xu ly chdt thdi cua tdi HDPE tin cgy khodng 70 -r 85%, so sdnh giira tiii HDPE vd tiii PE vi xi'c ly chdt thdi cd su chinh lech khdng ddng ke Do bin cua tiii HDPE cao hem tiii PE dugc thiit ki tir ldm vdi dia ky thudt, ldp ddt tui HDPE cung di ddng vd nhanh hon so vdi tui PE tdi HDPE co thi nhanh chdng khdc phuc cd su c6 Tu kit qud nghiin cuu cho thdy, tui biogas HDPE cd hiiu sudt xir ly tdt cd bin cao, cd gid thdnh phu hgp vdi hg ddn md ca hdi cho nguai chdn nudi tiip can vdi cdng nghe biogas GIOI THIEU Chdn nudi heo qu> rad hd gia dinh kha phd biin d DBSCL Bin cgnh nfaung lgi icfa vi kinh te ma chdn nudi mang lai chit thii chan nudi dang gay d nhilm mdi trudng Mdt gidi phiji hihi dyng gop phan giam thieu d nhiem chit thai chin nudi gay la xay dyng cdc ham u/tiii u sinh hpc (biogas) ii phan compost Trong boi canh failn nay, d nudc ta noi rieng vi tren todn thi gidi ndi chung cic ngudn nhiin lieu truyin thing cang cgn kill, vile khai thdc va su dung cdng nghe biogas - rapt ngudn ning lugng tii tao - dd ddng gdp phan ddm bao an ninh ning lugng vd bdo ve raoi trudng Die bill ddi vdi vimg ndng thdn, miin niii, nghiin cim phdt friln cdng ngh| biogas Id viec lira tfaiit tfayc gdp phan cdi tfailn radi trudng sing Tcfp chi Kboa hgc Tnrang Dgi hgc Cdn Tha Phdn A Khoa hgc Tu nhien Cong nghe va Moi Inrang- 29 (2013): 66- 75 thay ddi tap tyc sinh hoat vd cdi thien ddi sdng ciia ngudi ndng din, gdp phan giira thieu rinh trgng d nhiera radi trudng d ndng thdn, ban chl dich benh vi bdo ve cho ngudn nudc frong sach Ljch su phat frien cong nghe biogas d DBSCL bao gdm logi hinh chinfa: kilu CTl (dd ngimg triin khai tir 1997), hdm TG-BP, frii PE hdm EQl, hdra EQ2, hara KT2 vd him composite (Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan et al, 2012) Trong cac logi him u/faii u hiln cdn dang trien khai, tiii ii PE c6 chl phi thdp nhit tir 150.000 din 200.000 ddng/ra' nfaung tudi thp cung tfaip nhat (khdng bdo hdnh sau ldp dgt) Trong dd cac ham u ed mdi tfag cao (frln 10 nim), dugc bdo hinh tdi thilu nam sau xiy dyng; nhiin chi phi dau tu cao td 1,2 den 1,5 frilu dong/m^ gdy khd kfadn cho triln khai fren dien rpng (Vo Chau Ngan Nguyen, 2012) Hien loai ming HDPE dang dugc sii dyng rpng rai frong nhiiu ITnh vyc khic nhu Idt nin dudng frong xay dung, chdng thdm cho cong trinh thiiy lgi, lot nen day ao nudi tfauy sin Idt nin ddy vd che phii cac bai chdn lap rdc hgp vl sinh Mdng HDPE dd dugc APO sir dyng lira vdm chiia cho cdc he thdng u biogas quy ml Idn frln 10 nam (Cdng ty CP Ndng luong A Chau, 2011) Gin ddy cdc gidng viin cua Khoa Mdi trudng & Tai nguyin Tfailn nhiin - Trudng Dai hpc Cin Tho da kit hgp vdi Cdng ty TNHH Phdt friln Cdng nghe sgch Phuang Nam da thilt ke vi thir nghiera raau tui ii bang ming HDPE vdi gid thdnh chip nhdn dugc tgi hp dan Pham Vin Danfa d qudn Mdn, Tfadnh phd Can Tha (Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan, 2012) Ngfailn ciiu dugc thyc hiln dl danfa gid kha ndng xii ly vd tinfa in dinh frong van hardi ciia logi tiii li mdi ndy PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.1 Bo tri tbi ngfaifm Cdc tui u biogas thi nghi|ra gdm nii li HDPE vi tui li PE bd fri d dilu kiln thyc te tai cac ho din frln dja bin x3 Tin Luge, fauyen Binh Tin, tinh VTnh Long - Tui HDPE (1): xu ly chit thii cfao chudng hg heo, trpng lupng trung binh 80 kg/con cda dng Nguyin Hiiu Phudc, ip Tin VTnfa, xa Tan Luge, fauyin Binh Tdn, VTnh Long, Tlii HDPE (2): xu ly chat thii cho chudng 28 heo frpng lugng tnmg binh 20 kg/con ciia hg dng Nguyin Cdng Toin, ip Tan VTnh, xa Tan Luge, huyen Binh Tdn, VTnh Long Till HDPE (3): xir ly chat thai cho chudng 13 heo, frong dd cd heo 80 kg vi 12 20 kg/con cua hd dng Phan Vin Tu, ip Tin Hung, xa Tan Luge, huyen Binh Tin, VTnh Long Tlii PE (4): xir ly chat thai cho chudng heo, cd heo 80 kg/con va 30 kg/con cua hp ba Nguyen Thi Tdm, dp Tdn Ldc, xi Tin Luge, huyen Binh Tan, VTnh Long Lugng ngp nguyen lieu vio cic tiii ti biogas thi nghiem khdng ddng nhat, dd rapt sd thdng s6 kiim sodt da dugc cd dinh nhira giira nhihig khdc biet ciia qud frinh thi nghiera: Yeu cdu cung cap ciing mdt loai thuc an cdng nghiip cho tit cd heo nudi Khong che luong nudc dpi chuong ciia til cd tlii li d ri Ie 1.5 cho phimnudc Mau nudc thii diu vao va dau ciia tiii li dugc phan tich tai phdng thi nghiem Xii Iy Chat tfaii ran - Khoa Moi frudng & Tai nguyen Thien nhien, Tnrdng Dgi hpc Cin TIio Til ci cic miu dugc phin tich theo hudng d§n cua Standard Methods for the Examinarion of Water and Wastewater (AWWA-APHA, 1995) 2.2 Thdi gian thu mau phan tich Cic tlii il biogas sau dugc bo fri thyc tl tgi cae hd ddn, nap nguyen lieu vd van hdnh on d'uih frong mpt thing mdi tiln hinh lay mau phdn fr'ch - Chi tiiu nude thai: thu mlu diu vdo vi dau eua tiii biogas phdn tich cdc chl tllu BOD5, tdng Ni-ta, long Phot-pho, SS, pH tdng Coliform - Cdc chi tieu khi: long the tich khi, thinh phan CH4 Bang 1: Licb thu man cdc tili u biogas STT Ngay lay man Mau nuo'c Man kfai Ghi cbu Sau 30 bd tri Sau 37 bdtrl Sau 45 bd tri Sau 53 bdtri Sau 60 ngiy bd tri KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1 Quy trinh ldp dat cac tui ii HDPE Dya vao sd dau heo dugc nudi thyc te tai cic hd din, lugng chat thai va nudc thai ngp vio mdi tlii ii biogas dugc tinh todn nhu sau: Tlii biogas 1: 10,5 kg/ngdy Till biogas 2: 70,0 kg/ngdy Tlii biogas 3: 32,5 kg/ngdy Tlii biogas 4: 14,5 kg/ngay Tap cbi Khoa bgc Tnrang Dgi bgc Cdn Tlio Phdn A: Kboa hoc Tu nhien Cdng nghi vd Mdi tru&ng: 29 (2013): 66-75 \ Tat cd cdc tui u dugc tfaiet ke vdi ciing kich thudc ra\ frong thi tich ddnh dl phdn faiiy cfadt tfadi li m^ Chpn ri 11 pha lodng nude : phdn heo la : 1, thdi gian luu tdn cbdt thai cua cdc tiii lin lugt la 71,4 (riii u I); 10.7 (frii u 2); 23 (tui u 3); 51,7 (hii u 4) Tuy nfailn mpl vdi ylu ti khac cung anh hudng din thdi gian luu tdn nhu frpng lugng faeo tdng theo tfadi gian sii dung thudc fri Hinb 1: Tiii ii HBPE sau kfai gia cong b|nh faeo Trong qua frinh tfai nghiem, tui I bj hu hdng d ngdy thii 35 fre em diing cay nhpn dam vio mac du da han cho thung Igi sau nhung van dnh hudng din kfad ning xii ly Tuy nhiin, phin ddnh gid vdn sii dung kit qua ciia nil dl thiy ro tinh uu vilt cua tiii li HDPE so vdi tiii PE li co thi hin lai sau kfai bj thiing Hinb 2: Lap ong dan kfai Huih 4: Kiem tra dp kin kfai ciia tui u Tcip chi Khoa hoc Tntang Dai hot Cdn Tho Phdn.4: Khoa hoc Tif nhiin Cdng nglii vd Mdi tru&ng-29 i2013i 66- Hinh 6: Ho gom phdn vdo tiii li Dinh gii tfayc tl qud frinh lap dat tiii li tgi cdc hg din cd mpt sd nhin xet nhu sau: V^t tu chudn bi ldp ddt ciia tiii HDPE kha gidng vol tlii PE (tham khio tir Marc Luer, 2010), chi khac la tui HDPE khdng cin bi tri tiii chiia riing bill nfau tiii PE • Tlii HDPE dugc gia cdng sdn chi cin van chuyin din fad dan rdi tiln hanh Idp dat mi kfadng cdn phdi chuin hi Idng tui, budc day milng tiii nhu nil li PE - Tfadi gian ldp dgt tiii HDPE nhanh hon tiii PE dp ben ciia vai HDPE, thao tdc ldp dgt nhanh chdng khdng cdn don sach mat bdng nfau tiii PE - Tlii HDPE ldp ddt dl dang, khdng cdn thp cd kJ thugt, ngudi ddn cung cd'^'thi ty lip ddt cho hp gia dinfa ciia minh 3.2 Ket qua phan ticb cac chi tieu nudc Sau cic tiii u dugc lap ddt vd ngp phdn heo vdo, I thing sau tien hinfa lay mdu nudc ddu vao vi dau ciia cdc tiii li phdn tich cdc chi lilu d nhilm di ddnh gid hieu qua van hdnh cua cac tiii li Mau dugc thu thdp sau thai dllm dpi chudng Hinh 7: Sir dyng gas dun nau Tdt ca cac fact dan deu sii dyng nudc ao (thdng vdi he thing sdng rach) dl dpi chudng Vd vi fri cac hp ddn khdng nam cich xa qua frong kfau vyc nin cd till xem nhu ngudn nudc dpi chudng khdng khdc bill 3.2.1 Gid tri pH Trong suit qua trinh lim tfai nghiem, gid fri pH d diu vdo vd diu cua hdm li biogas dupe ghi nhin ba Ian Kit qua dac cho thiy gii tri pH diu vdo ciia cdc tiii li biogas ndm khodng 6,58 ^ 7,99, pH ddu nam khoang 6.96 -^ 7,97 Gid tri pH giira diu vdo vd ddu ciia cdc tui ii diu cd sy dao ddng qua cdc dgt thu mau vd giiia cdc tui Theo Ngd Kl Suong va Nguyen Ldn Dung (1997), diiu kien pH tdi im dl vi sinh vdt yim kfai hoat ddng la 7,2 - 7.5, ngudng boat ddng tdt la 6,6 -^ 7.6 Nhu vay, pH dau ciia cac tui li biogas diu ndm frong ngudng boat ddng tot ciia vi khudn yem ngoai trir dot thu mdu dau tiln tiii biogas sd cd pH - 7,97 vugt ngudng boat ddng tdt nfaung di dn djnfa frong dgt tfau mdu sd vi sd Gia fri pH cao d till u dgt dac diu tiln cd tfal Id nil u chua on dinh, tiii sd dugc Idp dat vd van faanfa sau cac tui li khdc I tuan Tgp ehi Kboa hgc Tnr&ng Dai hgc C6n Tha Phan A Kboa boc Tu nhiin Cong nghe vd Mdi iruang: 29 (2013) 66-75 «| Hinfa 8: Ket qua dac gia tri pH diu vao va dau cua cac tui ii 3.2.2 Hdm luong chdt rdn la ldng (SS) Kit qui dacfaamlugng SS ddu vdo cic tui ii biogas khdng ddng diu giua cac tiii va giiia cac dgt thu miu Day Ii chi tieu the hiln rd ret nhit sy khac bi|t ciia kfadi lugng phin faeo nap vio tiii ii Cy thi tlii ii co lugng phdn heo nap vio cao nhdt (tlii 2) se c6 ham lugng SS cao nhit Ham lugng SS dau vao cd sy khac bill nhung cdc tiii ii lgi cd ciing the tich m-^ nin SS ddu biln tfailn khdc giua cic tiii Nhin chimg, ham lugng SS ddu d cac tiii biogas diu gidm so vdi SS diu vio, Tuy nhiin, d dot thu mau thii ciia tui sd tfai SS diu cao hon dau vio Ly la tui sd cd ndng dp nguyen lieu nap ddu vdo cao faon nfaiiu so vdi cdc nii Igi ddn den vile lugng pfadn tich luy nhiiu tiii lam cho SS diu cao hon SS diu vao cua tiii sd 2, Dilu se gdy qua tai cho tiii u Idra giira hiiu qui xii ly cdc chat d nhiera Dgtl • ogtz Hinh 9: Kit qua phan ticfa gia trj SS dau vao va dau ciia cac tui ii Kit qud phan tich cho thiy hieu sudt xii: K SS cua nil biogas sd 1, sd sd tuang doi dn dinh qua cdc dpt thu miu, tiii sd li dn dinh nhat va cd hieu suit xu ly cao nhdt Hieu suit xir ly ciia riii biogas thii cd sy biln tfailn nhilu nhdt, failu suit xir ly SS ciia tui giam theo thdi gian, d dgt diu fap chi Khoa hgc Tnrdng Dai boc Cdn Tha Phdn - Khoa hoc Tu nlnen Cong nghe vd Moi tru&ng: 29 (2013) 66-7 hieu suit xii ly li 87% nhung din dgt chi cdn 10% vd d dgt hieu suit xii ly cOa tiil so Id -67%i chat thai cd thdi gian luu ton ngin nhdt Kit qui khang dinh viec ngp pfain qua nhiiu vdo ttii ii / him ii biogas khdng chi Iam gidm hieu qui xii ly md cdn cd thi gdy tinhfrgngnghet tiii li / hira ix Mac dii cic tiii ii cd failu suit xir ly SS cao, nhien nlu so sdnh vdi gii tri dugc quy dinh frong QCVN 40:20I1/BTNMT - Quy chudn k^ thudt qudc gia vl nudc thai cdng nghiep van cao Gii tri SS dugc phep xa thai vao ngudn nudc khdng dimg cho myc dich cdp nudc sinh boat Id 100 mg/L (cpt B) Hira lugng SS diu ciia cac tiii il thi nghiem eao tir 1-281 lin so vdi quy dinh cho phep tai edt B 3.2 Nhu cdu oxy sinh hoa BODs Tuong ty cac chl tieu khae sd lieu BOD5 ddu vdo cac tui biogas thi nghiera khac rat nhieu, cao nhat vdn li tiii lugng phan nap vio tui ndy cao nhat, tiii sd I cd ddu vao thap nhat Sd lieu BOD5 ddu vdo ti le thudn vdi dau heo bd fri frln radi tlii biogas Kit qua phdn tich cho thdy him lugng BOD5 dau ciia cac tui biogas gidm so vdi dau vio Ket qui tinh toan hieu suit xir ly BOD5 ciia cac tui biogas ndm frong khoang 72-^95% Trong dd hieu sudt xii ly cila tiii biogas sd vi sd la cao nhit Tlii biogas sd hieu suit xir ly thdp nguyin lieu nap dau vio cua tiii sd cao han rit nhilu so vdi cde hii cdn lai Riing tiii u sd cd hieu suit xu Iy thap la frong qua frinh boat dpng tlii si bi sy co da inh hudng tdi quafrinhfaoat dpng cua tiii Tuy nhiin ciing co sy khac giiia cac tlii li lugng nap vao ciia cdc tiii u khdng dugc ddng deu Hinh 10: Kit qua phan ticfa BODs dau vao va dau cua cac tiii u So sdnh nong BODs ddu cua cac tiii ii vdi gid frj cho phep cua QCVN 40:201 I/BTNMT (cot B) cho thdy gia tri BOD5 cao vugt miic tir ^ 50 ldn Lugng chdt hthi co d diu cua lui ii cao c6 thi gay d nhiira hiiu co chd ngudn liip nhdn Tuy nhien hara lugng BOD5 cao cung md mdt CO hdi di tin dung lugng hiiu co chua phan hiiy niy Iam ngudn phdn bdn hiiu co cho canh tic ndng nghiep hodc nudi trdng thiiy san Kit qua cang khdng dinh hieu qui ciia md hinh canh tie VACB (Vudn - Ao - Chudng - Biogas) d DBSCL viec tgn dyng ngudn thai nhilu dudng chat tir him li biogas lam ngudn phin bdn huu co cho lira vudn hoic nuoi thiiy sdn 3.2.4 Hdm lugng long ni-to Kit qui phan tich ham luong tdng ni-ta cho thdy gia frj diu vdo tiii li sd va sd la cao nhat So sanh giiia cdc dgt thu mau phan ticfa ni-to diu vdo, d dgt thu miu thir ciia cac tiii sd 1, so vi sd CO nong dp ni-to cao nhung den dgt thu miu thii tfai gia fri ni-to d ca ba tiil Iai giam xudng Tuy nfaien tiii li sd thi ni-ta dau vao tang din theo timg dgt thu mdu the hien miic dp tfch tu ni-to frong tlii li ham lugng phin nap vao qua nhieu Kit qua phan tich ni-ta ddu cho thay sau kfai qua xir ly bang frii ii nong dp ni-to giam so voi frudc xii ly Trong hllu suit xii Iy ni-to cua Tap chl Khoa hgc Tnrang Dai bgc Cdn Tho Phdn A - Khoa boc Tir nhiin Cdng nghi vd Mdi iru&ng- 29 (2013/: 66-" tlii sd la cao nhdt vd cd hieu sudt giam dan qua cac dgt phan fr'ch mdu nira frong khoang 75 den 85% Tlii sd cd hieu suit xii ly nl-to thdp nhit nhung khd dn dinh qua cdc dgt thu mau, nim frong khoang 37 den 45% Hieu suit xii ly niy cd sy khdc bilt so vdi hieu sudt xii ly SS va BOD5 da dl cap d phin trin Ddi vdi cac thdng sd SS vi BODs tlii si cd hieu suat xii ly tfadp nhit, tdi sd vd cd hieu suit xti \^ cao nhdt Diiu najf cd till dugc giii thich Ii tiii sd nhan qud nhilu lugng pfain nap, mpt lugng ldn pfain bi ticfa tu frong tiii li khdng di chuyin ngoai giy hi|u qui xCr Iy ni-to cao gii tao, rapt lugng ni-to Idn vdn dang bj tich tu frong tlii u 2500 EDgtl DDgt2 QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT i^tTk TiJi TUI Tui oau vao Tui Tui Tui DHU Tui Tui Hinh 11: Ket qua phan tich tong ^Wv dau vao vi dau ctia cac tiii ii Tui Ll sd I va sd cd hieu sudt xu ly dao dpng d dgt thu mau Ihii Hi|u suit xu ly d dgt thu miu thii thip hon nhilu so vdi dgt thu mdu cdn lai chii khong giam dan theo timg dgt thu miu nhu tiii sd vi so Ly ctia sy dao dgng dd Id dgt thu mdu thir tiii li I bj thiing va tiii li heo bj benh lilu chay pfadi sii dyng thuoc cfaiia fri gdy ire chefaoatdpng ciiafaevi sinfa vat frong tui li va lira gay inh hudng tdi van hinh ciia tiii li Hi|u suat xii ly ni-to cOa cac ttii u khdng cao dan din gid tri dau ciia cdc nii u deu khdng dat so vdi quy dinfa xi thii tdng ni-to 40 rag/L ciia QCVN 40:2012/ BTNMT (cpt B) Gid tri ni-to tdng dau ciia cac tiii ti cao gap 2,5-^14 lin so vdi tieu chuan xi thai nguin tilp nhgn 3.2.5 Hiiu sudt xic ly tdng phdt-pho Nong dp tdng phdt-pho diu vio khong ddng diu vi cd sy ting lln d cdc giai doan Gid tri phdtpho tdng ddu vao cao nhat van Id tiii sd vd so va tdng phdt-pho thap nhit Id ttii sd I vd so CJ ddu ciia cac tiii ii ndng dp tdng phdt-pho giara nhieu so vdi diu vdo Hdm lugng tdng phdt-pho giam nhieu nhat la d tui u sd vd sd Hllu qud xii ly cao ciia tiii cd tfal dugc gidi thich tuong ty nhu phdn xu ly tdng nito Vi khuan yim frong tui ii biogas khong xir ly tot phot-pho Do dd, phdt-pho ddu ciia cic tiii ii thdp hon ddu vio chii ylu la phdt-pho dugc tich tu nil ii Tui sd ngp nhieu phdn se cd hieu sudt xii ly phdt-pho cao chu yeu phdt-pho dugc tich luy frong ttii li dudi dang bun ling ma khdng theo nudc thdi di ngoii Hiiu suit xu ly phdt-pho cua cac tui ii tir 5583% Tuy nfailn ham lugng phdt-pfao diu ciia cdc tlii u van chua dat lilu chuin xd thii theo QCVN 40:2012/ BTNMT (egt B quy djnh ting phdt-pho dat mg/L) Ndng dp phit-pho ddu cua cac tiii ii vugt tiiu chuin xd thii tir 3-^6 lin Nlu nudc thii cdn chiia nhilu phdt-pho dua vao ngudn tilp nhgn cd the la nguyin nhan gay hi|n tugng tao nd hoa lira suy gidm lugng 6-xy ngudn nudc anh hudng lilu cyc den quin thi dpng thyc vdt sinh sdng frong Phan A- Khoa hpc Tu nhiin Cong nglie va Moi Iru&ng- 29 0013/ 66-75 Tgp chi Khoa hpc Tnr&ng Dgi hpc Cdn Tha Hinh 12: Kit qua phan tich tong phot-pho dan vao vi diu ciia cdc tiii u 3.2.6 Hieu sudt xu ly Coliform K i t qua phan tich ham lugng Coliform ddu vao v i dau cua cac tiii ii cd s y bien dpng nhieu Tui ii cd s y bien ddng nhilu nhit, ndng dp Coliform d i u vdo thdp nhung d i u lgi c6 ndng dp Coliform ldn nhdt Mpt nhiing nguyin nhdn ldm cho ndng dp Coliform ctia tui so dau cao faon cdc tlii u k h i c l i tiii sd I cd s y cd q u i trinh boat dpng (ttii bi thiing) lam g i i m hiiu q u i xii ly H i i u suit xii ly Coliform cac tiii li nhin chung nam frong khoang 80 d i n % , rieng tiii sd d dot thu mdu thii co hieu suat xur ly Colifomi t h i p nhat % So sinh vdi h i m lugng Coliform cho phep x i thii cua QCVN 40:2011 (cpt B, ngudng gidi han 5.000 MPN/IOO mL) tat ca m l u nudc thii dau d i u cd ham lugng Coliform vugt nfaiiu Idn Dieu n i y rat nguy hilm n i u xd thdi fryc riip k i n h rach frong tai mpt sd khu vyc nong thdn nudc k i n h lai Id nguon cung c i p chii y l u cho c i c nhu cau sinh hogt va s i n xudt l.OOE+10 •—• l.OOE+09 2011/BTt^MT ^"QCVN ^DOtl ^^^^^ l.OOE+08 OD0t3 l.ODE+O? l.OOE+06 l.OOE+05 l.OOE+04 l.OOE+03 l.OOE+02 l.OOE+01 'l:OOE+00 Till Tui Tui Dau vao Hinfa 13: Ket q u a pfaan ticfa Coliform Tui , Tui Tui Tui "3 Tui Oau d a u v a o va d a u r a ciia cac tui ii Tgp chi Khoa hgc Tru&ng Dgi hqc Cdn Tha 3.2 " Phdn A - Kboa hoc Tu nhien Cong nghe vd Mdi tru&ng: 29 '2013/: 66- ': Kit qud ddnh gid chdi luang gas a Hdm lirong CH., gas Trong qud trinh thi nghiem ben cgnfa vile tfau thdp vi pfadn tich mau nudc thai ddu vdo vi dau ciia tlii ii de dinfa gia faieu qud xti ly miu kfai biogas sinh ciing dugc tfau tfadp de dgc thinh phin ral-tan CH^ nhira danfa gid tinh on dinh ciia vile sir dung kfai biogas cbo muc dich sii dung ning lugng (dun ndu, thdp sang) Him lugng CH4 cing cao chiing td chdt lugng biogas tdt Lugng %»CH4 giiia cdc dgt thu raau vi d cic nii u biln ddng khdng dang kl tir 6(H-62% % CKi cua tlii sd Ii cao nfait va dn dinh nhdt Ddi vdi tui sd giai doan ddu c6 % CH4 cao hon riii sd nfaung sau dd lai tfaap hon, nhiin sy suy giim la kfadng ddng kl tui sd tdng gidm lien tyc tfaeo timg dgt tfau mau d dgt diu mdu tfau cd % CH4 ifa^ facm % CH4 ciia tui sd nfaung lgi cao faon d dgt tbu raau tfaii vd lap Iai cfau ky nfau vgy d cdc dgt thu raau tilp theo Ddi vdi qua trinh li yim kfai lugi^ CH4 tfau dugc cd thi dgt tir 50 din 70% (Ldm Minfa Triit vd Ll Hodng Viet 2009) Vt vdy,fadmlugng CHt dugc tir cdc tfai nghiem faoin todn tfada man cdc nfau ciu su dung nang lugng kfadc nfaau nfau dun n ^ ho|c tfadp sdng 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Hinh 14: %CH4 ciia cac tni ii thi nghiem b Ap sudt gas Mpt nfaiing ylu td dugc frdng dcri ddi vdi miu nil u HDPE la kfai ndng thip sing cho den biogas Dl dim bio dieu dd, dp sudt bin frong tiii ii phdi dgt tdi thilu 20 cm cot nudc Kit qud dp suit kfai gas frong riii u HDPE cfao thdy ap suit cd the len din tir 15^20 cm cot nudc dii 6e diy gzis di qua bee phun ciia den biogas cho tfaap sang Van cdn khd ndng tdng dp suit frong tiii u HDPE, nhien chi su dung gas dl tfaip sing nen thi nghiem gidi fagn kilra tra d dp suat 20 cm cpt nudc Ngodi kilra tra tfayc tl Idy kfai gas tfadp den biogas chd>* dugc nfaung sdng kfadng bing gas tir bdm li dofadm.\a>' dyng cd dp sudt cao faon nhieu (cd the den 40 cm cot nudc) Lupng kfai gas can dap img cfao thdp sdng khdng cao I m- gas cd the thdp sdng I bona den tuong duong den 60 W frong vdng gid (Hesse 1982) Cd the ndi sir dyng biogas cho tiidp sang khdng dnh hudng den vile syt giim ip suit ciia tiii u Tuy nfailn, kfai kiem tra tfayc te sir dyng gas dun ndu, logi tui li HDPE vin cdn mdt gidi ban la giam dp sudt gas kfai lupng sii dung nhilu ldm gjdi faan tfatri gian dun nau Tgi cdc fag thii nghiem trung binh sau dun nau tir 3(H-45 pfaiit nggn lua ylu din rdi tdt kfaoang 30 phut sau radi cd tfal tilp tuc Dilu niy cd tfae gidi quyet bing cdch ddt mdt \ at ndng tin frii ii ^lip tdng ap sudt gasfrongtiii KET LUAN VA BE XUAT N^ien eiiu danh gid thii nghiem kieu frii u HDPE gfai nfadn mdt sd ket qud sau: Tlii u HDPE dupe ep sdn nen cdng tie ldp dit tlii ii dl d d i ^ tfaudn tiln cho ngudi dan raa kfadng can thg cd ky thudt cao thyc failn Tap clli Kboa bpc Tnr&ng Dgi bgc Cdn Tho Phdn A' Kboa hgc Tif nhien Cong ngli? va Moi tnr&ng: 29 (2013/: 66-/: Tui li mdi cd dp bin co hgc cao cd dp day rara, dl dang van chuyin tir noi gia cdng den noi lip dat va cd thi di cfauyen tiii ii sau dd kfai cin thiit Tlii u CO the ldp dgt frln mgi dia hinh (nin dat, ao), khdng cin phii Idt diy hoic che phii nfau tlii PE - Hllu qui xii Iy chat thai cua tiii ii HDPE tot, kfadng cd sy kfaac bilt ddi vdi tiii u PE Chat luong tot dam bdo phyc vu cho cdc rayc dich sir dung ndng lugng • Ap sudt frong tui u cao cd thi sir dung gas cho thap sdng _ Cdn chti y van dl dun niu nhiiu cd thi giam dp suit gas frong ttii Mpt sd de xudt dl triln khai cdng nghi biogas d DBSCL: - NIn tuyen truyin sdu r^ng han cho ngudi ddn bilt vl ham u vi tiii ti biogas dl ngudi din riip can dugc vdi cdng nghe biogas giiip hinh nin chan nudi bin viing - Cin nghiin ciiu vd phat friln nhung kilu ham li / tlii u radi thich hgp cho vimg DBSCL vi ngudi din van chua iing dung biogjis vdi chin nuoi nhilu TAI LIEU THAM KHAO AWWA-APHA (1995) Standard raethods for the examinarion of water and wastewater (19 ed.) Washington DC, USA: American Public Health Associarion, American Water Works Association, and Water Pollurion Control Federation Cdng tyCP Ndng lupmg A Chau (2011) Xay dyng hdm biogas HDPE Tham khao tgi frang web http ://www.apocorp vn/index.php?page=tint ue&macd=128 Ngiy 28/6/2013 Hesse, P.R (1982) Storage and transport of biogas Project field document No 23, Food and agriculture organization oflhe United Narions, Rome Lam Minh Triit vi Ll Hoang Vilt (2009) Vi sinh vdt nudc vd nudc thdi NXB Xay dyng Marc Luer (2010) Installation manual for low cost polyethylene tube installation GTZ/EnDev Ngo Kl Suang vd Nguyen Lin Diing (1997) Sdn xudt dot bdng ky thudt lin men ky NXB Ndng nghiip, TP H6 Chi Minh Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan, Phan Trung Hieu, Vo Hoang Nam (2012) Review on the most popular anaerobic digester models in the Mekong Delta J Viet Env., Vol No 1, pp.8-19 a Nguyen Vo Chau Ngan (2012) Promotion of biogas plant in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam PhD dissertation Technical University of Braunschweig, Germany Vo Chau Ngan Nguyen (2011) Small-scale anaerobic digesters in Vietnam Development and challenges J Viet Env., Vol 1, No l.pp 12-18 ... bi ldp ddt ciia tiii HDPE kha gidng vol tlii PE (tham khio tir Marc Luer, 2010), chi khac la tui HDPE khdng cin bi tri tiii chiia riing bill nfau tiii PE • Tlii HDPE dugc gia cdng sdn chi cin... tiii nhu nil li PE - Tfadi gian ldp dgt tiii HDPE nhanh hon tiii PE dp ben ciia vai HDPE, thao tdc ldp dgt nhanh chdng khdng cdn don sach mat bdng nfau tiii PE - Tlii HDPE ldp ddt dl dang, khdng... kiem tra tfayc te sir dyng gas dun ndu, logi tui li HDPE vin cdn mdt gidi ban la giam dp sudt gas kfai lupng sii dung nhilu ldm gjdi faan tfatri gian dun nau Tgi cdc fag thii nghiem trung binh sau