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Quan ly Tai nguyen ritng & Moi tntdng N G H I E N c t r u SU" D U N G V U N G S O N G C U A V O Q C M U I H ^ C H (Rttinopit/tecus avunculus) Cl K H U B A O T 6 N L O A I V A SENH C A N H V O Q C M U[.]
Quan ly Tai nguyen ritng & Moi tntdng N G H I E N c t r u SU" D U N G V U N G S O N G C U A V O Q C M U I H ^ C H (Rttinopit/tecus avunculus) Cl K H U B A O T N L O A I V A SENH C A N H V O Q C M U I H E C H K H A U CA, TINH H A GIANG Can Kim Hirng*, Nguyen Ba QuyeIl^ Pham Thi Quynh^ Trudng Cao ddng Nong Ldm Dong Bac ' Phdn Vien Dieu Tra Quy Hogch Rung Tdy Bdc BQ - Vien Dieu Tra Quy Hogch Simg T6M TAT VoQC mui hIch (Rhinopitheats avunculus) thufc HQ Khi (Cercopithecidae), HQ ph\i VOQC (Colobinae) Id m$t \oki Linh tnrong d$c hOu cua Vift Nam, ndm danh sdch 25 loii Linh tmdng nguy cdp nh^ trfin the gidi Khu bao thn lodi vd sinh canh (KBTL&SC) VQOC mOi hfch Khau Ca, tinh Hd Giang dug^ ghi nh§n Id 001 c6 q u ^ thi VoQC mai hIch 16n nhdt b Vift Nam vdi khodng 90 ca th^ (Ding Thanh Hdi, 2009) Nghifin cuu v^ vfmg sing cua VOQC mui hIch (R avunculus) duQc tiln hdnh tai KBTL&SC VQOC mdi hIch Khau Ca tir thdng - 6/2010, trfin tuyin dilu tra chinh vd nhilu tuyin phy khdc Dd xdc dinh dugc khu vyc c6 ddn VOQC mui hIch, vdi 94-103 cd thi, m|t dO 15 cd thl/lkm^ Phdn bl d df cao trung binh tir 700 - 800m, vdi sinh cdnh ua thich Id vilng cd nhilu cdy g5 ldn, hfi thyc v$t da d^ng It b) tdc dfng Difin tich vimg sing ciia quJln thi VOQC t(ii KBTL&SC Khau Ca Id: 1,04- 2,185 Km^ (theo phuong phdp ludi cda Liu vd cfng sy, 2004) vd 0,476 km^ (trung binh theo phuong phdp ADK, HMN, MOP) Tong chilu ddi quSng dudng di chuyin (DRL) trung binh Id 1.075 m/ngdy So vdi mft s6 lodi VOQC troog gilng Rhinopithecus, VOQC mui hIch cd chilu ddi qudng dudng di chuyen ngdy ngdn hon Dd xdc dinh duQc mii de dpa chlnh tdi qudn thi VOQC t^i Khau Ca Id: Khai thdc go, sdn bdn, chdn thd gia sue, Chdy rimg vd thu hdi LSNG Gidi phdp chlnh bao ton vd phdt triin bin vQng qu^ thi VOQC mCi hIch t^i Khau Ca Id giam thilu cdc mSi de dga trfin, d$c bift Id nghifim cdm vifc khai thdc gd ciii vd sdn bdn Tit kitod: Hi Giang, Khau Ca, khu bdo tdn lodi vd sinh cdnh, Llnh trirdng, Vopc miii hich Cliu de c|ip tdi kich thudc va sii dyng vung I DAT V A N D i Vopc miii hIch (Rhinopithecus Dollman, 1912; la mft avunculus lodi Lmh trudng ddc hiiu cua Vift Nam, ndm ttong danh sdch 25 lodi Linh trudng nguy cdp nhdt trdn the gidi Hifn tgi Vopc miii hIch deu dupc xep d miic cue k^ nguy cdp (CR) Sdch Do lUCN 2008 vd Sdch D6 Vift Nam thupc nh6m IB Nghi djnh s l 32120Q61NB-CP ctia Thti tudng Chinh phit Hifn t^i Khu bao ton lodi vd sinh cdnh Vpoc mui hIch (KBTL&SCVMH) Khau Ca dupc xdc dinh Id noi phdn bo qudn the Vopc mui hdch ldn nhdt d Viet Nam, vdi khoang 90 cd thi (T)6ng Thanh Hai, 2009) Cho din nay, da cd nhieu c6ng trinh nghidn Cliu vd d?ic diem sinh hpc sinh thdi, thdnh phan thiic dn, t|lp tinh van dpng ciia Vopc miii hech duoc cong bo Tuy nhien cdc cong trinh nghidn sdng cita lodi ndy van cbn kha it ve cd s6 lupng vd npi dung nghidn ciiu Mft so tdc gid da de cap tdi sit dung vung sing cua Vopc miii hIch, nhidn cdc nghidn ctiu chi dimg 1^ d vide udc tinh kich thudc vimg song vd md td vj tri mpt vdi noi ngu ciia chiing ma chua de cap tdi dp ddi di chuyin ngdy ciia Vopc mtai hdch d Vift Nam Do vifc nghien ciiu sd dung vung song (Rhinopithecus cua Vopc miii hech avunculus Dollman, 1912) d khu v\rc Khau Ca, tinh Ha Giang s6 bo sung them thong tin ve vimg sing, gdp phan nang cao hieu biet v l vdng song va t^p tinh su dyng vting s i n g cua Vopc mui hech (R avunculus) Id ca sd khoa hpc cho vifc dua cac gidi phdp qudn \'$ bdo ton lodi Linh trudng quy h i l m ndy d Vift Nam T ^ CHI KHOA HQC VA C N G N G H | : LAM NGHIFIP S - 2014 Quan /y Tai nguyen ritng & Moi trU&ng dau Khoang each din v; tri tnmg tdm cua ddn se dupc udc lupng bdng mdt thudng Xdc dinh kich thu&c viing sdng Tidn hanh chdng xip hf thing cdc ludi cd kich thudc 100 x 100 m vd 250 x 250 m len toan bp dien tich vung ldi khu vuc Khau Ca (khoang 1000 ha), nhdm so sdnh va kilm tra sy chenh lenh giiia mdi loai, nang cao dp chinh xac udc tinh vung sdng ciia Vopc mui hdch Trong qud trinh dieu tra theo ddi vopc ngoai thuc dia, nlu cd thd vopc dupc phdt hien nhilu hon I ldn tai mft d ludl, d ludi dd sg dugc coi la ndm viing sdng cua chdng NIU chi nhit mpt cd thd xudt hifn trdn mpt d ludi, liic ndy d ludi dd sd khdng duo'c tinh vdo viing sing ciia chting (Liu vd cdng sir, 2004)] Nhu vgy, kich thudc viing sing (HRs) ciia cua Vopc miii hIch sd dupc udc tinh bdng km^ thdng qua cdng thiic: HE^ = (sl d ludi ghi nhan cd vopc xudt hifn) X (0,01km^ va 0,0625km^) Cudng dd six dgng sinh cdnh: Dupre xac dinh thdng qua vifc ting hpp, dim sd ldn (sl vj tri) ghi nhdn vopc xudt hifn tren mdi d Tdng sl ldn xuat hifn cua vopc trdn moi d ludi sd dupc phdn nhdm vd sdp xip theo tiing cap, tuang ting vdi dd Id cudng df sd dung khac giiia cdc dgng sinh cdnh khu vuc nghidn ciiu Chieu ddi qudng dudng di chuyen theo ngdy: Dugc udc tinh thdng qua viec xdc djnh 2.2.2 Phmmg pbSp xdc dinb cac d0c tnmg tdng khodng cdch giQa nhiing diem ghi nhgn vd md ti t$p tfnb sir dang vdng s6ng Tren tuyen dieu tra tien hanh theo doi vopc vopc nhung lien tiep theo timg tir sdng sdm tdi chieu mupn hoge cho tdi thdng Qua trinh theo ddi vopc ngdy, neu mdt ddu cua chiing Kit qud theo doi vopc mat ddu dli tugng, vd sau dd tdi phdt hifn, cdn hdng ngdy, se du^rc sd dung de md td viing ghi lgi toa dp tai dilm trdn, sau xac dinh song vd xdc djtih cdc t$p tinh su dung vung khodng cdch thdng ndi gifta dilm ndy Nhu song Sy di chuydn cua ddn dtipc ghi lai d mdi vay, khodng each vda tinh sd dugc cfng vdo tdng chidu ddi quang dudng di chuyen khodng 15 phut ho§c ddn di chuydn mpt khodng cdch > 50 m Cdc vi tri di chuyin dupc i^dy cua vopc Didu ciing dupc dp dyng de tinh khodng cdch giiia didm trudng hpp ddnh dau len bdn dd dja hinh da chdng xep hf thong cdc ludi ti If 1: 10.000 vd 1: 25.000 ddi tupng thay doi vj tri giifa lan ghi nhgn Ngoai ra, cdc vi tri trung tam ciia ddn se dupc vopc cudi ciing (cd thd Id noi ngii) ghi lai moi chiing dupc phdt hifn hodc mdt vd diem ghi nhgn ddu tidn cda ngdy hdm sau n NOI DUNG VA PHlTONG PHAP NGHIEN c t r u 2.1 Nfi dung n^idn coTi - Didu tra xdc dinh hifn trang qudn thd Vopc miii hIch (R, avunculus) tai KBTL&SC VMH Khau Ca - Xdc dinh cdc ddc trung vung sing (Tdch thudc viing song, quang dudi^ di chuydn theo ngdy) ciia Vopc miii hIch (R avuncidus) - M6 td tgp tinh sd dung vimg song (cudng dp sti dyng sinh cdnh, mo td noi ngu) cua Vopc mui hIch {K avunculus) - D I xudt bifn phdp nhdm nang cao hifu qud cong tdc bdo ton 2.2 Phirong phap nghidn cuu 22.1 Pbmmgphtip xdc djnh dnh trang gain tbi Biiu tra theo tuyin Tong sl cd tuyin dilu tra chinh, m6i tuyin ddi 3,5 - km tuj' theo dia hinh, ngodi cdn sd dyng nhilu tuydn phy, tuyin cat khac Trong qud trinh didu tra tren tuyen phdt hifn vopc, ddng lai vd quan sdt ti mi, tranh gay tilng In ho|c ldm anh hudng den chiing Quan sdt tryc tilp cdc cd the ngoai hien trudng bdng mdt thudng h o ^ Ing nhdm vd dim sl' lupng cd thi dupc ghi nhfn Ding thdi, kit hpp vdi ghi hinh, chyp dnh de xdc dinh cau tnic dan theo dp tuoi vd gidi tinh Ngodi cimg cdn chii -^ quan sdt cdc ddu hifu nhdn bilt, cac dgc tnmg ciia cita ddn (con non, ca the bi thuang, t^t), dieu ndy sd giiip cho vifc nhdn dgng va phdn bift vdi cdc dan khdc 12 Ti^P CHI KHOA HQC vA C N G NGIB^ LAM NGHlEP S6 - 2014 Quan iy Tai nguyen ritng & Moi tntdng Phuangphdp mo td nai ngu: Noi ngu dem cua vopc dugc quy udc la khu vyc bdt k^', dd chiing danh thdi gjan ngu qua dem Nai ngu tnra (nghi) dupc quy udc la noi chung ngimg kidm dn, hgn chi di chuyen, ddnh thdi gian chu ylu dl nghi ngoi Khi xdc djnh dugc cdc dilm ngu ciia vopc, tien hdnh thu thgp cdc thdng tin vl: D^ic himg noi ngd (vi tri noi ngu (GPS); dp cao; dd doc; hudng phai); Tap tinh sd dung noi ngti (thdi gian ngu, cdch thuc, tu thi ngu, gidi hgn ve nhdm vd so lupng cdc cd thi tai m§i diem ngti khdc nhau) Tidn hanh chyp dnh tu thi ngu, sinh cdnh ngu 2.2.3 Phuffng phdp xdc ^n/i vd ddh/t gid hi^n trgng cdc die dog phan tich, va xu ly dya tren vifc dng dyng cac phdn mem thdng thudng nhu Word, SPSS, Mapmfo 8.5 Trong phdn mem M^Info dugc su dung cho vifc phdn tich, xti ly bdn dl, the hifn cdc sir phan bo vopc tren bdn dl so, cdc didm ngu, phdn bd cdc moi de dog trdn cac smh cdnh; thilt l^p he thong d ludi cho bdn dl dia hinh 2.3 TIT lifu nghien cihi - Sd lifu dieu tra thyc dia cua nhdm nghien Cliu thdi gian han thdng (td 11/316/6/2010), trdn tuyin dilu tra chinh (chilu ddi moi tuyen khoang 3,5-5km) vd cdc tuyen phy, tuyen cdt khdc - Mpt sd cdng trinh nghidn ciiu tgi khu vyc: Sinh thai thdc an cua Vopc miii hIch (Rhinopithecus avunculus) tgi Khau Ca, Ha Vifc ddnh gid mdc dp cac moi de doa tdi Giang, Ddng Thanh Hdi (2009); Nghidn cdu lodi vd sinh cdnh cua Vopc mui hIch tgi khu mpt sd dac dilm sinh thdi cua Vopc miii hech vyc nghien cihi dugc thyc hifn theo phuong (Rhinopithecus avunculus), Ld Khdc Quylt phdp cita Margoiuis vd Salafsky (2001), trdn CO sd vifc xep hang va cho diem tir — din 5, (2006) sau dd sdp xdp gidm dan theo mdc dp dnh III KET QUA VA T H A O L U A N hudng cua mii de dog theo tidu chi: Difn 3.1 Hifn tr^ng qudn thi Vopc miii hich d tich, cudng dp va tinh cdp thilt KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca 2.2.4 Phuffng phdp phdn tich vdxulyso ligu Tdng hgp cac thdng tin vd sd lifu se dupc Tdng sd cd thi cua ddn udc tinh khodng 94-103 cdthi (Bdng 01) Bang 01 Cdu true ddn Vogc mui hich tgi KBTL&SCVMH K/tau Ca Cau true dan Vgoc quan sit dugc theo tuoi va gioi tinh \SfK tinh TT D\rcTT CdiTT Banl Ban Con non KXD 2 14 16 11 32 35 ChuaTT Tong Din 13 13 48 52 Tong 12 12 22 13 23 94 103 Ghi chii: KXD - khang xac dinh TT- Truong Cic kSt qui nghien cilu trSn cilng phCi hijrp v6i ket qtia khio sat gan day cua LS Khic Quyet (2006), D6ng Thanh Hai (2007) va (2009) (Bang 02); Nhu v$y kich thu6c quln the Vgoc miii h&h t?ii khu vvtc da tSng len nhimg nam gSn diy D6 li dau hi?u tich c\rc n6 lire bao tdn Ioai linh truong qui hiem niy T ^ CHi KHOA HQC VA C N G NGHf LAM NGHIfP S6 - 2014 13 Quin If Tai nguyen ritng & Moi tntdng Bang 02 So sinh sS lirong quin Ihi Vopc mai hech »KBTL&SCVMH Khau Co, tinh Htt Giang theo titng nam Nam Quan sat 2006 53 2007 81 s6luc7nR Uoctinh Dang Thanh Hai, 2007 Dong Thanh Hai, 2009 90 2009 NghiSn ciru niy 94 2010 Nguon L« Khie Quyet, 2006 3.2 C i c d$c tmng viiiig song ciia VOQC mui hech Sinh cinh s6ng cua Vooc mfli h^ch tjii khu vvc nghiSn cira d^c tnmg l i d?ng sinh canh riing thuong xanh tren mii d i voi, it bj t i c dpng, d0 ehe phii v i dO tan ehe nhttng khu rimg d6u rit cao (do tin ehe 0,6-0,8; dp ehe phil 60-85%) Dp cao trung binh tir khoing 700-1200m so vdi muc nu6c biln 3.2.1 Kich thirdc vitng song Kich thudc viing s6ng du(?c xac dinh tren co so tong hpp s6 lupng cic lu6i ghi nhin c6 vopc xuat hi$n O khu v\rc nghien curu, nhung ludi ghi nhin c6 Vopc miii hSch xudt h i ^ la nhiing e6 it nhat e i the d\roc quan sit Kich thudc viing song ciia din theo timg thing ciing dupc x i c dinh tren co sd tflng hpp cac ludi ghi n h ^ Vopc xuAt hi$n ciia timg ngiy thing, sau nhin vdi kich thudc ludi tuong Omg Kfe q u i da x i c dinh v i ghi nhjn s6 lupng ludi cd su xuit hi$n ciia d i n s6 (35 c i the) d 104 va 35 ludi, tuong ilng vdi l o ^ kieh thudc l i 100 v i 250m Nhu v|y, kich thudc vimg song dupc udc tinh lin lupt li: HRsi = 104 X 0.01 = 1.04 k m ' HRS2 = 35 X 0.0625 = 2.185 k m ' Svr khic vS Mch thudc vOng s6ng cua dan theo timg loai kich thudc i p dyng dupc thi hi$n thflng qua tCmg thing, dupc t4ng hpp bing 03 Bang 03 Kich thu&c viing s6ng theo tieng tiidng cOa d&n s6 Kfch thudc viing s6ng theo thing (km') STT Kieh thudc ludi lOOxlOOm Kich thudc ludi 250x250m Things Thdng4 Things Trung binh 0,2400 0,5000 0,3200 0,8150 TSng di$n tich vung song Ket q u i udc lupng vimg song theo fl ludi kich thudc khic cd su sai khic k h i ldn Theo chiing toi, vdi ludi co kich thude ldn (250 x 250m) mOt phiin ldn dien tich ciia fl khflng dupc Vopc sii dyng da dupc tinh v i o di$n tich vimg song Vi vay, sil dyng h$ thflng fl ludi nhfl de udc lupng di$n tich viing sfing se cho kit qui chinh xic hon Ben cgnh vi?c i p dyng phucmg phip h? 14 0,5700 1,3125 0.3767 0,8758 1,1300 2,6275 thong ludi, de tii cung ling dyng v i sii dyng phin mem Callhome dfi udc tinh kich thudc vimg sflng cua Vopc miii hich, bao gom phuong phip co bin: Adaptive Kernel (ADK), Harmonic Mean (HMN), Bivariate Normal (BIN), v i Minimuin Convex Polygon (MCF) Ket q u i tinh toin vimg sfing cua cua timg phuong phap theo thii ty l l n lupt l i 100 %, 75% v i 50% (Bing 04) T ^ C H i KHOA H Q C VA C N G N G H f L A M N G H I f P S - Quin ly Tai nguyen rOng & Mol tn/Sng Bang 04 .^0 sdnh ket qud cdc phuang phdp xdc dtnh vung s6ng khdc TT p ADK HMN BIN MCP Kich thudc virng song (ha) theo % mirc sur dune 100% 75 % 50 % 347,7 119,6 52,75 414,7 98,5 41,4 1122 225,2 112,6 310,9 139 48,7 Ket qua thing ke tren cho thay, cd su khdc khd ldn ve kich thudc vung sdng cua phuong phap vdi vd so vdi phuang phdp h | thdng d ludi Tuy nhiSn, nhin vdo bdng k i t qua h-en, chung ta cung cd thi nhdn thdy rdng phuang phap ADK, HMN, MCP co k i t qud khd gdn cd hirdng ^hpp Trung binh cdng k i t qud cua phuong phdp Idn a Minimum Convex Polygon lupt la 357,7 ha; 119 ha; 47,6 Kit qua tmh toan tir bdng 04, co thd dua dupc di?n tich vung Idi - hay khu vuc sing ua thich nhdt cua Vopc miii hech Tr&i ca sd xem xet md hinh (Hinh 02) vd kit qud tmh toan thuc tl, d l tai xac dinh kich thudc vung ldi cua Vopc mui hich Id trung binh cdng cua phucmg phdp (1, 2, 4) vd duoc xdc dinh ld = 47,6 (0,476 km^) Harmonic Mean d Adaptive Kernel Hinfa 02 Md liinli md td kieh thirdc vdng sing theo ede phirffng phdp klidc nliau tuang Hng vdi cdc mite dg sd- dgng 100%, 75% vd 50% 3JJ diiiu dai quang dudng di diaym theo Tdng hpp cdc vj tri ghi nhgn Vpoc ngdy lien tilp, the hien tren ban dd ti le 1: 10.000 cho thdy, chieu dai quang dudng di chuyin (DRL) trung bmh lign tilp (09 va 10/04) Id 1075 (m^t) So sdnh ket qua ndy vdi mdt so lodi Vpoc gilng Rhinopithecus (Bdng 05), Vpoc mui hich co chidu dai quang dudng di chuyen ngdn han khd nhieu Bang 05 Kich thu&c vung sing vd dp ddi guang dudng di cltt^in theo ngdy cda mgt si lodi giing Rhinopithecus Kich thudc vimg song DRL trung bhih Nguon theo miia (Km^) (km) XuSn He Thu Dong 14.1 Ti 1? vdi viing song 9.5 12.3 12.1 R roxellana 11.9 7.1 2.1±0.9 n=126 2.9 16.25-25.25 1.31±0.42 n=240 K bieti 17.8 18.6 9.3 1.62 18.2 Ghi chii: Nguon: (1) Baoguo Li va ctv 2000: (2) Tan va cK, 2007: (3) R C Kirkpatrick va ctv, 1998; (4) Cyril C Gueter va ctv, 2007a Loai TJ^ c m KHOA HQC VA CONG N G H f L A M NGHIf P S - 2014 15 Quin ly Til nguyen rithg & Mil tnfdng 33 Su dung viing s6og cua Vopc miii hech 3.3.1 Curcmg id sii: ditng sinh cinh —r* Gfaichu [^ |- S u d u n g l lan Su duno lan ^ Su duno a lan g^ Su duno lan SB Sudung lan EGnfa 03 Cudng dg sudung sinh cdnh eua Vogc mdi hich d KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca, tinh Hd Giang Ket qua ddnh gid tren ca sd vice xac dinh sd I ^ ghi nhgn Vopc xudt hien tren mdi d ludi cho thay sinh canh ua thich ctia Vopc miii hich tai KBT (Hinh 03) la vung cd nhilu cdy gd ldn, hf th\rc vat da dgng, it bi tdc dpng Dp cao trung binh khu vuc ndy khoang tu 700 - 800m 3.3.2 Bgc diim ve noi ngu vd tgp tinh ngd Noi ngd cua Vopc miii hech tgi KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca bao g i m nai ngd trua vd noi ngd qua ddm Cdc vi tri ghi nh|in tuong d l i t$p trung (hinh 04) Hinh 04 f7 tri ghi nh^ Vogc mui hich vd diim ngd qud trinh ^u tra thfec dfa TJ^ CHI KHOA HQC VA C N G NGH^ LAM NGHIEP S - 2014 Quan ly Tii nguyen riing & Moi tntdng * Ngu aim - Dgc diim nai ngii + Sinh canh: Thanh phin v i cau tnic thuc v^t giong vdi nhimg noi khic sinh cinh song cua chung Tuy nhien, noi ngii dem thudng l i cac khe v i thung lOng thap + DQ cao: Do cao trung binh 830m Khoang cich tit vi tri ngu xuflng tdi m$t ddt tir 25-40m Dfi dfic tnmg binh noi ngu la 31° (Bing 06) Bang 06 Tong kfp cdc vj tri ngi gem cda Vfoc mOi hech tai KBTL&SCVMH KItaa Ca TT Ngiy quan sit 14-03-2010 24-04-2010 06-05-2010 Toa 0512486 2526275 0512723 2526172 0512653 2526997 Dfi cao (m) Trung binh - T^p tinh ngU + Thai gian: Thdi gian ngii bit dau tir khoing 6h30' - 6h45' theo tinh hinh thdi tifit Thdi gian ngu ciia VMH dupe xic dinh chiing ngimg tit ca mgi ho?t dfing (kifim an, di chuyen) v i nghi t ^ trfin ciy + Chia nhom ngii: Vpoc mui hech d KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca thudng chia nhdm de ngii So lupng ca the moi nhdm ngit cd th^ thay d6i theo c i c d ^ , phy thufic kha nhi^u vao so lupng c i thi moi dan Theo ghi nhin, d d i n vpoc s6 tai vj tri ngu sfl (ngiy 24/04), chiing tfli nhin thiy cd nhdm n g i dan, moi lahdm cd c i thfi dye, ngti tai mpt cay idiic Khoang cich moi nhdm ngiildioing 30 - 40m + Tu thi ngit: Ngu i^g6i, diu g6i va chan thu 1^, m | t Clii xu6ng va kh^p vdi diu gfli; tay b i m cinh ho^c flm chSn Trong n g i VMH gift yen IJng, it giy tieng dpng v i cung khflng phit tifing keu *Ngiltnca - Bdc iiim nai ngit tma Dfi dfic Thdi gian ngu 825 30° 18h35' 908 37° 18h30' 767 25° 18h45' 3?" + Sinh cdnh nai ngd: Vj tri ngu thudc khu v\rc bat k^ t r ^ hdnh trmh kilm dn hong cua chiing, thudng la cdc hum yBn tinh, hay cdc thung lung rpng vdi nhilu cdy to, tdng tan day + Dg cao: Noi ngu trua cua Vopc mui hich cd dp cao so vdi miic nudc biln khoang 800 m, khodng each tu vi tri ngu tdi m|t ddt td 25 - 40 m - Tgp tinh ngu trua: Khd giong vdi t$p tinh ngu d^m cda chung + Tdp tinh cdnh gi&i: Con dyrc dau ddn thudng quan sdt xung quanh vd ludn de mat tdi cdc tdc dpng ben ngodi + Thai gian ngu: Thdi gian ngu chung chu y l u ngdi tgi chd, rdt it di chuyin, nhien van c6 thi kiem dn quanh vi tri ngu, khoang tu lOh 15' sdng tdi Ih 45' chilu Ridng doi vdi cdc cd the non chung thudng choi dua vd it ngu han + Tu thi ngu: Vopc miii hich ngu ngdi, chdn ch\im lai, dau gdi co, tay bam vdo cac cdnh cdy, ddu thudng cui xuong vd khep vdi dau gii Chung thudng chpn cdnh cay to, h o ^ cdc chgc cay d l ngu + Thdnh phdn tham gia nhom ngu: Trong qud trinh nghien cdu tgi khu vvrc, nhdm nghien cdu da cd it nhdt lan quan sdt dupc ca t h i d\rc trudng ngu chung nhdm vdi cac cd t h i cdi trudng thdnh dang thdi gian Hinh 05 Tu thi ngu tnra cda VogcmSihich nudi nhd (Hmh 05) TAP Cffl KHOA H p c VA C N G N G H ? L A M NCffl^:? S - 2014 Quin ly Tii nguyen ritng & Moi tnidng miii hech ciing nhu sinh cinh cua chiing, dd khai thac go ciii vi sin bin la cic m6i de do? nghifim trpng nhit dfii vdi quin thi Vopc mOi hfich tai KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca 3.4 Cic m6i de doj tdi Vopc miii hech (R avunculus) of KBTL&SC VMH Khau Ca Kit qui nghien cuu thvc dia tji KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca, da ghi nhan vi xac dinh cd m6i de doa doi vdi quan the Vopc Bang 07 T^ns http cic moi de doa theo mite d^ tic JQng khdc Tifiu chi xep hang Cic mfii de doa TT ,, , , Di?n hch ^ , aCudng dp Tinh cip ^^^ ' Ting Khai thic gfi, eiii 4 12 I Sinbk 3 11 n Chay rimg 111 Chan thi gia siic IV Thu hii LSNG V Tong 2 15 15 15 3.4 D I xuat mpt so gidi phap nfadm nang cao hif u qua cong tdc bao ton - Md rOng difn tich vung sing cho q u ^ the VMH cho vdng ldi cua KBT Khau Ca - Tdng cudng cdng tdc tuan tra, xu Iy, dac bi$t Id bdo v$ smh cdnh hi$n co - Thyc thi nghidm chinh lugt phdp cua Nhd nudc - Tilp tyc cdng tdc tuydn tniyln, giao d\ic - Tdng cudng h^p tdc quic tl IV Ktr uj^ KBT Khau Ca la vdng cu trd quan trpng cua lodi Vopc mui hech d Vi$t Nam vdi khodng 94-103 cd thi, mat dp 15 cd thl/lkm^, phdn bl d dp cao trung binh td 700 - 800m vdi sinh cdnh ua thich Id vdng cd nhilu cdy g5 ldn, h§ th\rc v^t da dgng Di^n tich vdng sing cua quan thi Vopc t^ KBTL&SC Khau Ca la: 1,04- 2,185 Km^ (theo phuomg phdp d ludi cda Liu vd cpng s\r, 2004) vd 0,476 km^ (trung bmh theo phuong phdp ADK, HMN, MCP) Ting chieu ddi qudng dudng di chuyin (DRL) binh Id 1075 m/ngdy So vdi mpt so lodi Vpoc gidng Rhinopithecus, Vpoc miii hech c6 chieu ddi qudng dudng di chuyin ngdy ngdn hem 18 Xip h^tig Da xdc dinh dupc moi de dpa chinh tdi quln thi Vopc tgi Khau Ca Id: Khai thdc g5, sdn bdn, chdn thd gia sue, Chdy rdng vd thu hdi LSNG Gidi phdp chlnh bdo tin vd phdt trien ben vdng quan the Vopc miii hich tai Khau Ca Id giam thilu cdc moi de dpa trdn, d$c bi$t Id nghiem cam viec khai thdc go cui vd sdn bdn V TAI LI|;U THAM KHAO BO Khoa hpc vh C6ng ngh^ (2007), Sdch Do Vi^i Nam (phdn Dgng v^t) Nhi xudt bfin Khoa hpc vfi C0ng nghe, H^ NOi, Vi?t Nam 2.BrockeIman, W Y and AU R (1987) Methods of surveying and sampling forest primate populations, pp 23-62 in: Marsh, CW and Mittermeier, R.A eds Primate Conservation in the Tropical Rainforest Alan R Liss, Inc, New York 3.Brockelraan, W.Y and Srikosamatara, S (1993) "Estimating density of gibbon groups by use of the loud songs" American Journal ofPrimatology 29:93-108 4.Geissmann, T., Dang, N.X., Lonne' e, N & Momberg, F (2000) Vietnam primate status conservation review 2000 Part I: gibbons Hanoi: FFI Ding Thanh Hai, (2009), "Sinh thdi thdc 5n ciia Vopc mOi h^ch (Rhinopithecus avunculus) t9i Khau Ca, Ha Giang" Bdo cao kit qud dtuyin di nghien cuu khoa hQC- cdp Khoa nam 2009, Truimg D^i hpc LSm Nghidp Vi?tNam Le Khdc Qi^et, (2006) Nghien cuu m0t so d(^c diem sinh thdi cua Vopc mm hich (Rhinopithecus avunculus) Lu§n vSn Th^c sy Khoa hpc, chuyfin ngfinh D^ng vSt hpc D^i hpc KHTN, Hft NOi TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA C N G N G H | ; LAM NGHIEP S6 - 2014 Quan iy Tai nguyen rOhg & Moi trU&ng lUCN 2008 7?ie 2005 lUCN Red List of i ffeatened Species Liu, Z.H., & Zhao, Q.K (2004) Sleeping sites of Rhinopithecus bieti at ML Fuhe, Yunnan Primates, 45, 241-248 Margoiuis, R., & Salafeky, N (2001) "Is our project succeeding? A guide to threat reduction assessment for conservation" Washington, D.C: Biodiversity Support Program RESEARCH ON THE HABITAT USE OF TONKIN SNUB - NOSED MONKEYS (Rhinopithecus avunculus) AT SPECIES AND HABITATS CONSERVATION AREA IN KHAU CA, HA GIANG Can Kim Hung, Nguyen Ba Quyen, Pham Thi Quynh SUMMARY Tonkin Snub — nosed Monkey {Rhinopithecus avunculus), of the family Old World monkeys {Cercopithecidae), subfamily Colobinae, is one of four species of primates endemic to Vietnam, on the list of 25 most endangered primates, in the world Species and Habitats Conservation Area for Tonkin snub - nosed monkeys in Khau Ca, Ha Giang province is recognized as home to the largest population of Tonkin snub nosed monkey in Vietnam The study of the habitat of the snub ~ nosed monkeys (R avunculus) vras conducted in Species and Habitats Conservation Area for snub - nosed monkeys in Khau Ca from March to June, 2010 on main research routes and other additional routes Three group of snub - nosed monkeys have been identified in the area, about 94-103 individuals, with the density of 15 individuals/km^ They are distributed at an average altitude of 700-800 m, preferred less affected habitats of large trees and diversified flora The size of habitat of snub-nosed monlreys in Khau Ca is 1,040-2,185 kra^ (grid method of Liu et al, 2004) and 0,476 km' (median of ADK, HMN , MCP method) The average total length of travel distance (DRL) is 1075 m per day Compared to some species of the genus Rhinopithecus, snub - nosed monkeys have shorter travel distance per day Five major threats to snub - nosed monkeys populations at Khau Ca is identified as: logging, hunting, grazing, forest fires and non-timber forest product (NTFPs) collection Key solution for conservation and sustainable development of snub - nosed monkey population at Khau Ca is to minimize these threats, especially to prohibitfirewoodlogging and hunting Key words: Ha Giang, Khau Ca, Primates, species and babitaa conservation area, Tonkin snub - nosed monkey Ngudi p/tdn bi^n: TS Dong Thanh Hai Ngdy nhdn bdi: 20/01/2014 Ngdy phdn bien: 20/01/2014 Ngdy quyet dinh ddng: 07/3/2014 TJiP cm KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHlp: LAM NGHIJ^P SO - 2014 19 ... ciiu tgi khu vyc: Sinh thai thdc an cua Vopc miii hIch (Rhinopithecus avunculus) tgi Khau Ca, Ha Vifc ddnh gid mdc dp cac moi de doa tdi Giang, Ddng Thanh Hdi (2009); Nghidn cdu lodi vd sinh cdnh... ditng sinh cinh —r* Gfaichu [^ |- S u d u n g l lan Su duno lan ^ Su duno a lan g^ Su duno lan SB Sudung lan EGnfa 03 Cudng dg sudung sinh cdnh eua Vogc mdi hich d KBTL&SCVMH Khau Ca, tinh Hd Giang. .. mui hech Sinh cinh s6ng cua Vooc mfli h^ch tjii khu vvc nghiSn cira d^c tnmg l i d?ng sinh canh riing thuong xanh tren mii d i voi, it bj t i c dpng, d0 ehe phii v i dO tan ehe nhttng khu rimg