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Cdng nghiep rimg î TAO B Q T GIAY HIEU SUAT CAO TlT THAN CAY NGO str DUKG XUC TAC NAU THAN THEEN MOI TRUOfNG Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet TS Trudng Dgi hoc Ldm nghiep T O M T A T Bai bao trinh bay kSt qua[.]
Cdng nghiep rimg ^i TAO B Q T GIAY HIEU SUAT CAO TlT THAN CAY NGO str DUKG XUC TAC NAU THAN THEEN MOI TRUOfNG Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet TS Trudng Dgi hoc Ldm nghiep TOM TAT Bai bao trinh bay kSt qua a^sa cuu quy trinh cong nghe than thien moi tmong tao bgt gidy tir than cay Ng6, bao g6m cac cong dogn nSu, nhifin va trich ly kiam Dich n i l chua hydropeoxit va axit axetic bo sung 1102 Bgt giiy thu ducrc sau xii Iy bing kilm Kit qua da xac dinh dugc dieu kien nau thich hgp d lOCC vong 120 phut, vai miic tieu hao hoa chSt la SVoHiO,, 3%CH3COOH va 1% T1O2 so voi kh6i lugng nguyen lifu kho tuy?t d6i, qua trinh trich ly kilm dugc tiSn hanh a 100''C trbng thai gian 60 phiit Hi?u su5t bgt giay thu dugc dgt 65-66%, co ham luong lignin 12-13% Tinh chit ca hgc ciia bgt giay thu dugc cho thiy loai bot phii hgp lam nguyen lieu san xuit giiy carton, bao goi Phuong phap tao bgt giiy duoc xem la phuong phap hi^u qua ve mat kinh te va moi tnrong Tit Vihoa: Bgt git^, dich nau, giay, kiem, Hgnin I DAT VAN DE ve bao ve moi trudng va siic khde cdng ddng Trong do, hien nudc ta mdi chi d ^ ling dugc gdn 50% nguyen lieu bpt giay cho sdn xuat cdc loai giay, dd giay carton, bao gdi la cac Ioai san pham cd nhu cdu ngdy cang tdng cung vdi tdc phat tridn cua cdng nghiep Nghidn Cliu cac cdng nghd tiet Idem ndng lugng, than thien mdi trudng tii ldu da la van de biic thiet ciia cdng nghiep gidy [1] Ben canh dd, van de sti dung hieu qud nguon tai nguyen thien nhien, ndng cao gid tri sdn xuat ndng nghidp la nhitng vdn dd cdn dugc chii trgng doi vdi cac nudc ndng nghiep dang phat trien nhu Viet Nam Ciing vdi gd, cac lo^ nguyen lieu phi gd, nhu phe phu pham, phe thai ndng nghiep ciing dugc sii dung rgng rai lam nguyen li^u sdn xudt bdt giay theo nhieu phuang phap khac [2,3] Trong sd cac cdng nghd mdi dugc nghien ciin gdn day ddi vdi nguyen lieu go, ddng chii y la van de sii dung hydropeoxit lam tdc nhdn tach Ioai lignin [4] Tuy nhien ddi vdi nguyen lieu gd, phan lignin cd cau tao phiic tap, nen hieu qua tdch Ioai cdn chua cao [5] Nguyen heu dugc sti dung cho nghien ciiu Id than ngd cd phdn hda hgc co ban nhu sau: hdm lugng xenluloza 40,7%; lignin 21,6%; pentozan 21%; tro 5,3%, hdm lugng cdc chat tan nudc ndng 18,2%; ham ltrgng cac chat tan dung dich NaOH I %: 34,6% nudc ta, san xuat ndng nghiep hang nam tao hang tridu tdn phd phu ph&n, phd thdi sau thu hoach, rieng than cay Ngd co thd dat vai trieu tan, vdn chua cd phuong thiic tan dyng hi?u qua, gay lang phi va khdng it vdn de Qua trinh tao bdt giay dugc tien hanh bang cac thiet bi chuyen dung tai Phdng thi nghidm Bg mdn CN Xenluloza & Gidy, vien Ky thuat Hda hgc, tnidng Dai hgc Bdch khoa Hd Ndi, theo sa dd cdng nghe sau: Muc tieu cua nghidn cuu la thiet lap dugc quy trinh cdng nghd than thien mdi trudng, tao bgt giay hieu suat cao tu than cay ngd cd the sii dung lam nguyen lieu sdn xudt gidy carton, bao gdi, phu hgp vdi dieu kien san xuat d Viet Nam II VAT LIEU VA T H U C NGHIEM TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2-2015 Cdng nghiip rimg Lam sach Than ngd Nghien tinh Riia Xu Iy bdng dung dich kiem Tao dam theo quy cdch Ndu Nghien thd Riia Bdt hgp cdch Chu thich Than Ngd dugc lam sach dat cat, la va be hong phai khd, tgo dam theo tieu chudn (chidu dai 1,5 - 2cm, chidu day 2mm) Ndu bang dung dich hydropeoxit mdi trudng axit (bd sung CH3COOH va TiOa) d nhiet dp I00°C vdi ti Id dich: 1:14 vd thdi gian nau 60-120 phiit Muc su dung hda chdt nau dugc dieu chinh thudc vao muc tieu ciia timg thuc nghi$m Riia bgt va nghien thd sii dyng thidt bi nia va nghien ciia phdng thi nghiem Xii Iy bdng dung dich NaOH (trich Iy kidm) d IOO°C vdng l-2h vdi miic dung NaOH 1-2% so vdi nguyen lieu khd tuyet ddi (KTD) Nghidn tinh va nia bdt: sir dung thidt hi nghien tinh hidn cd ciia phong thi nghidm Cdc thdng so cdng nghe thich hgp nhu miic diing hda chat, nhiet va thdi gian xii Iy dd dugc xdc dinh de thiet lap quy trinh cdng nghe phu hgp UL KET QUA VA THAO L U ^ Trong qua ninh tao bdt gjdy, hydropeoxit mdi trudng axit dugc sii dung lam tac nhdn phan hiiy lignin, cdn TiO: dugc sii dung lam chat xiic tac qud trinh tdch loai lignin Cdng doan xii ly bgt gidy bdng NaOH nhdm muc dich chfnh Id trich Iy lignin da bi phan huy khdi bgt dd ndng cao chat lugng bgt gi^y Qk xac Igip dugc chd dg cdng ngh^ thich hgp da tidn hdnh nghien cuu xdc I|p cdc gia tri thich hgp cua cac thdng s6 cdng nghd cdng doan nau vd trich Iy kidm Ddi vdi qua tiinh nau, kdt qud khao sdt dnh hudng cua cac yeu td cdng nghd, bao gdm he tdc chdt H202-CH3CO0H-TiO2, nhiet dp vd thdi gian nau, tdi hieu sudt bgt gidy va ham lugng lignin bdt cho thdy, trudng hgp xti ly nguyen lieu bang nudc nong (cho hidu sudt bpt 77,5% vdi hdm lugng lignin tuang ling 22,6%) chi cd cac chat tan nudc bi phdn huy va hda tan trang thai dpc Idp, cac tac chat ndu neu tren cd anh hudng rat nhd tdi hieu sudt bdt va ham lugng lignin bdt Cu the, nau vdng 120 phiit vdi dung dich ciia timg fac chdt rieng biet, sau dd xii Iy bdt bdng \% NaOH 60 phiit cho hieu sudt bpt 74,2-75,8% vdi ham lugng lignin bgt tuang ling 18,4-20,6% Trong xu ly nguyen lieu bang bang dung dich cua tac chat nau ket hgp cho hieu qua tach Ioai hgnin kha rd ret Vdi muc tieu dat hieu sudt bdt khodng 65%, kdt qua khdo sdt anh hudng ciia lugng hda chdt nau tdi hieu sudt vd tinh chdt ciia bdt (hinh 1,2,3) cho thdy, vdi thdi gian nau 120 phiit va muc dung cd dinh cua hai phdn dung dich nau, miic diing ciia tdc nhan thur ba se dat mdt "nguang" bdo hda, tuc tang miic dung cao hon gia tri "nguang", miic tach loai lignin hoac khdng thay doi hoac tang khdng dang ke Nhiing gia trj "nguang" ndy cd the xem la cdc gia tri thich hgp ddi vdi qua trinh tao bdt gidy cd hieu suat theo myc tieu ban dau TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2-2015 Cdng nghiep rimg LuQng l-b02.%so v * i nguyfln li$u KTO - H i $ u s u i t b*t — • — L i g n i n b * t Hinh dl Anh hudng cua luffng H2O2 tdi higu sudt vd tinh chdt cua bgt giay (Lugng tdc chdt: SyoCHjCOOH, 1% TiOj) L u ^ n g TiO^.'/o s o vO\ n g u y g n i ^ u KTD — * — H § u s u i t bOt — • — Lignin t r o n g bgt Hlnh 02 Ank hudng cda lugmg T1O2 tdi Mgu sudt vd tinh chat cua bgt giay (Lugng tdc chat:3%H202, 3% CHjCOOH) 90 80 70 60 - • ^ 50 40 30 20 • U • • n • Li/orng CH3COOH,% so v6i nguySn li$u KTD *—Hi$u suit bpi —•—Ligrrin bOl Hinh 03 Anh hiring cia lupmg CH,COOH tai hieu suit va tinh chat cia h^tgiijl (Liefng tdc chit: 3%Hfi!, 1% TiOi) TAP CHi KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2-2015 Cdng nghiip Ve phuong didn hda hgc, mdi trudng axit, hydropeoxit tao thdnh ion HO* Id phdn tii oxi hda manh, song tinh chpn lgc d i ^ , tiic ngodi phan hiiy lignin, nd cdn cd thd gay anh hudng den cdc thdnh ph4n khac ciia nguydn lieu, kd ca xenluloza Qua trinh oxi hda phdn hiiy Hgnin se didn manh hon nhd su thiic day ciia cdc chdt xuc tac So vdi cac chdt xiic tdc khac [6], trudng hgp dioxit titan Id mgt chdt xiic tdc tuang ddi hieu qua, kd cd trdn phucmg dien tdch loai hgnm, ca vd hidu qud kinh td Nhu v^y, tren ca so phdn tich dnh hudng ciia cac tac nhdn ndu tdi hieu sudt va tinh chdt ciia bgt giay, vdi muc tidu tri mirc tieu hao H202 hon (TCQ vdi didi gian ndu keo dai (180 phut) vd ttich ly kidm vdi ciing mgt lugng kidm song keo dai thdi gian (120 phiit) cung cho hidu sudt bpt va tinh chdt bpt tuong duang Nhu vdy, cd the noi de thu dugc ciing mdt san phdm muc tieu, quy trinh cdng nghd neu tren cho phep ^ dung d nhtmg dieu kien thuc tidn cd the dieu chinh Phdn tich va so sanh tinh chat co ly hgc cua bdt gjdy hieu sudt cao tii than ngd vdi mdt so loai bdt giay khac (bdng 1) cho thdy bdt hidu sudt cao 100°C, thdi gian xu ly: 60 phiit tir than cdy ngd cd cac cM sd ben ca hgc Nghidn tinh: tdi dg nghien '-40''SR; tuong duang bdt giay phd lieu hdm hop carton cfl Riia bdt, vdt nudc vd s^y khd (OCC) va bdt gidy cung tu nguyen lieu thdn ngd Vdi mdt quy hinh xii ly nguyen lieu ket hgp san xuat bang phuong phap kidm lanh tmyen nghidn va trich ly kidm bgt sau nau, cd thd thu thdng phd bien vdi lugng dung NaOH 10% so dugc bOt gidy hieu suat khodng 64-65%, ham vdi nguyen Ueu KTD Vdi tinh chat nhu vdy, Ioai lugng ligmn bgt 12-13% Dang chii y la quy bgt gidy hoan toan phii hgp lam nguydn lieu trinh cdng ngh? cho phep tach loai tdi trdn sdn xudt gidy carton, bao gdi cong nghiep Bang 01 Tinh chdt cua mgt so logi bpt giay Nghidn thd: tdi nghien 20-25"SR; • Trich ly kiem sau ndu: l%NaOH, d TT Loai b$t Bpt hieu suat cao tir than cay ngo ICiem Isnh than ngo Bgt OCC Bpt giSy t^ t?P chi cu Bpt ban hoa go ducmg Dfl nghien, \R Dinh lirong, (g/m') Chi so dd ben co hoc Chieu dai diTt,m Chi so xe, mN.mVg Chi so buc, kPa.m'/g 40 77 3980 3,99 1,62 40 80 4670 3,38 1,91 40 87 3670 4,38 1,57 60 70 3330 7,40 1,86 36 70 5000 6,50 2,70 Trich nguon tong h^ kit qua nghien ciru ciia Vien cong nghiep gidy vit xenluylo T ^ CHi KHOA HQC VA C N G NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2-2015 81 Cdng nghiep rimg IV KET LUAN Da xac dinh dugc quy trinh cdng nghe mdi sdn xuat bdt giay hidu suat cao tii thdn cay ngd, sii dyng cac tac nhdn thdn thien mdi trudng, tidt kiem ndng lugng, cac chi sd TS, COD, BOD ciia nudc thai thap han so vol phuang phap kiem lanh truydn thdng Bgt giay cd chdt lugng tuang duang bgt gidy phd hdu OCC, cd the dung Iam nguyen lieu sdn xuat gidy cactong, bao gdi TAI LIEU THAM KHAO United Nations Environmental Programme Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific and Asian Institute Technology (2004) Cleaner Production in the Pulp and Paper Industry Environmental Defense Fund (1996) Non-wood fiber sources/Non wood Plant Fibers as Alternative Fiber Sources for Papermaking White Paper 13 Method for Preparation of Pulp from Cornstalk (2007).US Patent US 7,186,316 BI R Z Pen, A, et (2004) Fibre Chemistry, Vol.36, No.2,P.lI6-I18 Kuznestsov S.A, et (2003) Joumal Chemistry for Sustainable Development, Vol II, P 141-147 R Z.Pen (2005) Joumal Chemistry of Plant taw material, No.3, P.61-73 STUDY ON CORN STALK PULPING WITH USING OF ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY COMPONENTS Nguyen Thi Minh Nguyet SUMMARY This paper presents the research results of environmental friendly pulping process from cornstalks comprising the steps of cooking, refining and alkaline extraction The cooking liquor comprised hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid with the presence of Ti02 The pulp was then subjected to sodium extraction The optimal pulping was determined at lOOT for 120 with chemical doses (w % vs bdmt) of H302 - 3, CHsCOOH - 3, and TiOj - 1, followed by alkaline extraction using NaOH 0.1% at 100''C for 60 Comstalks pulp yield was 65-66% with lignin content of 12-13% Based on determined mechanical properties this pulp may be used for carton and packaging paper production Tlie "black liquor" from cooking process may be recycled for the next cooks The waste water charactenstics from pulping process such as TS, COD, BOD were lower than that from traditional cold alkaline pulping This method of pulping proved to be economical and environmental efficiency Keywords: Alkaline, liquor, lignin, pulp, paper Ngirdi phdn bifn Ngdy nh^n bai Ngdy phdn bien Ngdy quyet dinh dang : : : : PGS.TS Cao Quoc An 29/3/2015 04/5/2015 09/6/2015 TAP CHI KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2-2015 ... tich va so sanh tinh chat co ly hgc cua bdt gjdy hieu sudt cao tii than ngd vdi mdt so loai bdt giay khac (bdng 1) cho thdy bdt hidu sudt cao 100°C, thdi gian xu ly: 60 phiit tir than cdy ngd cd... dung dich nau, miic diing ciia tdc nhan thur ba se dat mdt "nguang" bdo hda, tuc tang miic dung cao hon gia tri "nguang", miic tach loai lignin hoac khdng thay doi hoac tang khdng dang ke Nhiing... xii ly bgt gidy bdng NaOH nhdm muc dich chfnh Id trich Iy lignin da bi phan huy khdi bgt dd ndng cao chat lugng bgt gi^y Qk xac Igip dugc chd dg cdng ngh^ thich hgp da tidn hdnh nghien cuu xdc