NHAN THLTC CUA GIANG MEN VA SINH VIEN VE N H C T N G Y E U C A U T R O N G DAY HOC GIAO DUC HOC THEO TtEP CAN GIAI QUYET VAN BE NGUYEN THI HA LAN Trudng Dgi hpc Hdng Due Tom tat Giao due hpc la mot mo[.]
NHAN THLTC CUA GIANG M E N VA SINH VIEN VE N H C T N G Y E U C A U T R O N G DAY HOC GIAO DUC HOC THEO TtEP CAN GIAI QUYET VAN B E NGUYEN THI HA LAN Trudng Dgi hpc Hdng Due Tom tat: Giao due hpc la mot mon hpc quan trpng ttong tnrdng dai bpc su pham, giiip sinh vien su pham hieu biit cac ca sd ly luan nghiep vu ciia ngudi giao vien, ren luyen nhimg ky nang su pham, hinh dgo dire nghl nghiep Thyc te day hpc giao due hoc, viec nghien ciiu ap ly thuyet day theo tiep can giai quyet van de ban cbe Vi vay, hieu qua va kha nang vgn dyng Iy thuyet day hpc van chua dap img ve mat ly luan cflng nhu yeu cau thuc tien Ket qua khao sat thuc trang nhdn thiic ciia giang vien va sinh vien ve yeu cdu doi vdi nguoi day, ngudi hoc irong day hpc mon Giao due hpc theo tiep can giai quyel vdn de la co sd quan trpng giup cho gidng vien va sinh vien xem xet, dieu chinh boat d6ng day - hpc, gop phdn nang cao hieu qua day hpc mdn Giao due hpc d truong dai hoc su pham Tir khoa: giai quyet van de, nhan thuc, giao due hpc, ky nang su phara I.DATVANDE Day hgc theo tilp cdn gidi quyet van de (TCGQ\^) la xu hudng dgy hgc dd va dang dugc nhieu gido vien vdn dung de dgy hgc cac mdn khoa hgc ca ban d trudng pbd thdng ttong nhiing ndm gdn day, gdp phdn ddi mdi phuang pbap day hgc vd ndng cao chat lugng dgy hgc Ddi vdi bac dgi bgc, TCGQVD dd dugc nghien ciru, van dung d cac chuyen nganh dao tao khdc nhau, gdp phdn ndng cao tinh tich cue hgc tap cua sinh vien Trong day bgc mdn giao dye hgc (GDH), van dung TCGQVD khdng chi giup sinh vign ndm vimg kign thuc ma cdn binb tich tich cue, tu giac ttong hgc tap, cd tac dyng manh mg dgn viec hinh thdnh Vy nang nghe nghiep cho sinh vign Tuy nMgn, de dgy bgc mdn GDH theo tiep can GQVD dat hieu qua cao, can cd nhung yen cdu nhat dinh ddi vdi giang vien va sinh vign Dg xac dinh nhung yen cdu dd, ttgn ca sd nghien ciiu ly lugn, cdn dilu tta, phan thuc trang ve vdn dg nay, tu cd nhimg ca sd thyc tiln khoa hgc, giup cho giang vign va sinb vien xac dinh ygu cdu ddi vdi ban than de chii dgng ttong day va hgc, gdp pbdn nang cao hieu qua dgy hgc mdn GDH ttong trudng dai hgc VAI NET VE DAY HOC THEO TIEP CAN GL\I QUYET VAN DE Dgy hgc theo tigp can gidi quyet vdn de (TCGQVD) hay cdn cd cdc lgn ggi khac nhu dgy hgc neu vdn dg, dgy bgc dua tten vdn dg, day hgc djnh hudng vdn de da dugc cac nha nghien ciiu giao due d nhilu nude quan tdm Day hgc theo TCGQVD bdt ddu dugc quan tdm nghign cuu tu cudi the ky 19 d cac nude chau Au va dugc nghien cira, dp dung rgng rdi vao nhdng nam 60 cua the k^' 20 ma nhiMg tyu va img dung ciia nd ludn gan vdi ten Mdi ciia cac nha giao due Ba Lan va Lien Xd (cu) nhu V Okdn, I Ia Lecne, N G Kazansky, T S Nazarova N I U nhu day hgc tbeo TCGQVD dugc cac nhd gido due Ba Lan, Lien Xd (cii) nghign cuu \ a van dyng ttong day hgc cdc mon khoa hgc Tap chi Khoa bpc va Giao due, Tnrcmg Dai hoc Su pham Hui ISSN 1859-1612, S6 04{28)/2013:lr 115-124 NGUYEN THI HA LAN ty nhign, xd hdi d cac trudng phd thdng thi gan ddy, dd cd nhieu nha giao dye d cdc nude nhu My, Canada, Ha Lan, Austtalia, New Zealand di sdu ngMen cihi va img dung ttong giang day, dao tgo mdt sd nganh nhu: Y khoa, ndng ngMep, kmh te, kign tnic Viet Nam, cd mdt sd cdng trinh nghien cuu ve day bgc neu van dg, day bgc giai quylt vdn dl mdt sd mdn thugc khoa hgc ca ban nhu: Toan, Ly, Lda, Sinh, Van gdp phdn ddi mdi phuang phdp day hgc Nhin chung, cac cdng trinh ngMen ciiu da tigp can din mOt sd phuang dign ca ban cua dgy hgc tbeo TCGQD nhu; myc tieu, dgc trung, tac dung, nhimg thach thuc, khd khan, vai ttd cua giang vien, ngudi cd van, cac chiln luge day hgc cua gidng vien, cMgn luge GQVD cua sinh vien Tuy nMgn, ttong day hgc mdn GDH theo TCGQD, ngoai nhihig ygu cdu su pbam chung, can cd nhdng yeu cau ddc thu rigng ddi vdi gidng vign va sinh vien de thyc hien tdt hogt ddng dgy - hgc mdn GDH tbeo TCGQD, gdp phdn ndng cao chdt lugng mdn hgc nghiep vu ttong trudng su phgm PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN CLfU Ddi Mgng digu tra la 63 giang vien dgy GDH va 671 sinh vien cbuyen nganh Van (kboa KHXH), Toan, Sinh (khoa KHTN) va khoa Tam ly - Giao due cua cac trudng DHSP vd DH da nganh cd ddo lao giao vign, dai dien cho khu vyc Bdc, Trung va Nam Khu vyc phia Bdc gdm: Trudng DHSP Ha Ndi; DHSP - Dai hgc Thai Nguyen, Trudng Dai hgc Hdng Due Khu vyc miln Tnmg gdm: Dgi hgc Vinh, DHSP - Dai Hug Khu vyc mien Nam gdm: Dgi hgc Cdn Tha, Dgi hgc Ddng Thap Phuang phap dieu tta bdng pMgu vdi hg thdng cdc cau bdi km, ddp dn ttd ldi gdm muc dd danh gia, dugc sdp xIp mot cdc lien tyc theo muc dd nhd ddn Tuang iing vdi cac muc dg Id cdc digm sd 5, 4, 3, 2, Muc dg ddnh gid ciia cac ddi Mgng dugc xdc dinh bang sd tten thang digm theo cdch tinh trung binh cgng {X) Cac gia ttj X va phdn tich dya tten cac bign ddc lap nhu: Mien Bdc - Trung va Nam Cac sd lieu dilu tra dugc xu ly bdng phdn mim SPSS 11.5 KET QUA NGHIEN CUtl Kg thira cac ket qua ngMen cuu ciia cdc tac gid ttong vd ngoai nude vl ly luan day hgc dgi bgc [1] va ly lugn dgy hgc tiieo tilp can GQVD [2, tt 48-68}; [3, tt 24], chung tdi xay dyng phigu hdi vdi cdc tigu cM ve yeu cau ddi vdi giang vien va sinh vien Kgt qua thu dugc nhu sau 4.1 Nhdn thirc ciia giang vien vd sinh vien ve nhirng yeu cau ddi vdi ngirdi day, ngirdi hoc day hoc Gido diic hgc theo tiep cain giai quyet van de Bang I Nhdn thirc ciia giang vien vdsinh viin ve nhirng yeu cdu ddi vdi sinh vien Irong hgc tgp Gido due hpc theo Hip can gidi quyit vdn di Soi firtrng dieu tra Yeu ciu d^i vol sinti vien Gidng vien Icien Ihijc mon lipc vijne vane Co icien tliiic vihig vang vS cac klioa hoc ca ban Bic Trung X 4.58 TB X 4.64 4.45 4.57 Trung binh Nam X 4,44 TB TB X 4.56j 4,31 4,44 TB N H « THlI'C CUA GIANG VIEK %"A SINH MEN VE NTjCiNG YEU CAU TRONG DAY HOC 117 ^IRA Trinb dp van boa CO ban va bieu biet v^ x3 hoi Nang luc tu K\' nang phat hien VDHT Kc nSng hcfp tac trona hoc tap Kha n ^ g linh boat, sang tao tipng tim toi GOVE) Chu dong doc lap trpng hoc tap Tich cue tu giac hoc tap Kien thuc mon hpc vimg vang Co iaen tbiic v&ng vang ve cac khoa boc ca ban Trinh dg van boa Co ban va hieu biet vl xa bpi Nang luc tu KS nang phat hien VDHT Kv nang bap tac hoc tap Kha nang linh boat, sang tap upng tim toi GQVD Cbii dpng dnc lap hoc tap Tich cue tu giac trpng hoc tap 4,42 4.50 4.19 4.38 4.5S 4.55 3.85 4.71 4.43 4.43 8 4.50 4.44 4.19 4.59 4.49 4.06 4.48 S 4,64 4.44 4.51 4.52 4,48 3,50 5 4,57 4,50 3,51 4.50 4.44 3.49 4.52 4.48 3,50 3.15 3.18 3.16 3.16 3.05 3.10 3,06 3,06 4,10 4,02 2.91 4,07 4,06 2,91 4,04 4,11 2.90 4.08 4.05 2.91 3,04 3,07 3.09 3,06 4.07 3.71 4,11 3.72 4.06 3.72 4.08 3.71 Ket qua d bang cho thay: giang vien nhdn tbuc ve cac ygu cdu ddi vdi sinh vien ttong day hgc GDH theo TCGQVD cd mdc dg quan trgng giam ddn nhu sau: Ndng luc tu {X= 4,59); kiin thuc mdn hgc virng vdng {X = A,56); chu dgng, ddc lap hgc tap (A" = 4,52); linh hogt, sdng tgo tim tdi, GQVD (AT = 4,51); ky ndng phdt hiin VD {X= 4,49); tu gidc, tich arc hgc tap {X = 4,48); cd kiin thuc virng vdng vi cdc khoa hgc ca bdn {X= 4,47); trinh dd vdn hda ca bdn vd hiiu biit vi cdc vdn di xd hgi, Ihuc tien {X = 4,38); ky ndng hgp tdc hgc tdp{X = 4,06) Nhu vdy, ttong dgy hgc GQVD, giang vien vdn danh gia cao ylu td cdn tMet ciia sinh vien la Ndng luc tu vd kiin thirc mdn hgc vdng vdng Dieu hgp ly bdi vi dg GQVD mdt cdch bieu qua, sinh vien cdn phdi vda cd kign thuc, vira cd kha nang M Vi ngu cd khd ndng tu mdi giiip sinh vign suy nghi, GQVD mdt cdch sau sac va todn dign, Iinb bdi kign tbuc them vihig chdc va linh hogt Tu cua sinh vien vua la phuong tien hgc tap GQVD nhirag ddng thdi ciing la myc tieu can dgt dugc hgc tap theo TCGQVD So sdnh nhgn thirc cua giang vien d ba khu vyc digu tra vg yeu cdu ddi vdi sinb vign ttong hgc tap GQVD, nhgn thay mdt dieu la giang vidn d ca ba khu vuc dgu chgn yeu cau quan trgng ddi vdi sinh vign cMnh la ndng luc tu (xep thir bac 1) Qua ttd chuyen, trao ddi flii cac giang vien diu cho rang, ndng lyc tu Id yeu can cd y ngbta quan trgng ddi vdi sinh \ ien ttong dgy hgc GDH theo TCGQVD bdi vi ttong tiep can giang vign sir dung cac VDHT, cac THDH dg td chuc cbo sinh vign tim tdi, phat bien cdc mdu tiiudn dn ttong nhihig VDHT, THDH va tu dd tu dg GQVD, linh hgi ngi dung mdn hgc Ngu khdng cd nang lyc tu vdi cac thao tac va pham chdt tri Me tM sinh vien sg khd cd the tMch dng vdi tigp can day bgc ndy cung nhu kbd cd tbg giai quyet tdt cac nhiem vu nhgn thuc gidng vign dat Ngugc lai, k>' nang hgp tdc hgc tap lai dugc NGUYEN THI HA LAN giang vien ba miln xep muc qu^i ttgng thii vd Kgt qua tten la sinh vien chua tbuc sy bgp tac, Mang tac ttong hgc tap vi vgy van chua nhdn thuc diing dan va day du muc quan ttgng cua yen td Cac yeu td cdn lai My khdng cd sy danh gia thdng nhat cua giang vien ba rmgn song sy chenh lech ciing khdng dang ke Ciing vdn dl tten, song kM tham khao y kien sinh vien, cac yeu cdu dugc sinh vien danh gia miic quan ttgng gidm ddn nhu sau: Ndng luc tu {X= 4,08^; chu ddng, dgc lap hgc tap {X= 4,08); ky ndng phdt hiin vdn di {X= 4,05); tu gidc, tich arc hgc tdp{X= 3,71); kiin thuc mon hgc vdng vdng (AT =3,50); cd kiin thirc virng vdng vi cdc khoa hgc ca bdn ( X = 3,16); trinh vdn hda ca bdn vd hieu biet ve cdc vdn di xd hgi, thuc tiin {X= 3,06); linh hogt, sdng tgo tim tdi, GQVD {X = 3,06);^«d«gApp/acft-o?7g^pcrap(X=2,91) Nhu vdy, ttong DHGQVD, giang vien vdn danh gia cao yen td can tMet ciia sinb vien la Ndng luc tu va kien thuc mon hgc vitng vdng So sanh vdi danh gia cua giang vign, cd sy thdng nhat d ca gidng vien va sinh vign vg muc ciia cdc yen cdu ddi vdi sinb vien Cu thg, ca giang vien va sinh vien dgu danh gid ygu cdu Ndng luc tu xIp tbu bgc (quan ttgng nhdt); ddnh gia ky nang hgp tdc hgc tap xgp thd bac (thap nhdt) KM so sanh danh gia cua sinh vien ba mien, dgu cd su thdng nhat ve muc hoac la chgnh lech kbong dang ke Ket qua cho thdy, sinb vien ba mien cd sy thdng nhat ve thu bac cac ygu cdu sau: tu gidc, tich cue hgc tap (cimg xep tbu bac 4) kiin thuc mdn hgc vitng vdng (cimg xgp thu bdc 5/- cd kiin thirc vung vdng ve cdc khoa hgc ca bdn (cung xep tbu bgc 6); ky ndng hgp tdc hgc tap (cung xIp tiiu bdc 9) Cac ygu cdu cdn lai dugc sinh vien ba mien danh gia muc gan Mang duang nhau, chenh lech khdng dang kg Bang Nhdn Ihuc cua gidng vien vd sinh viin veyiu cdu ddi vdi gidng vien dgy hgc Gido due hpc theo Hep can gidi qu)'et vdn de D6i tirpng dilu tra Yen cau doi vol giang vien Bac Giang viin Kien tbuc chuven mon viing vang Hieu biet sau, rong ve cac kien thijrc khoa hoc cp biin Von van boa sau, ipng Nang luc chuyen boa kiln thiic cac van dl, tinh huong day hpc Sang tao, linh boat bieu dat van de Nghe Ihuat sir dung cau hoi neu vande Kheo ieo trpng vice to chiic cho sinh vien phat hien va GQVD Nghe thuat viec kich thich bung thii, dong ca hpc tap cho suih vien Z Trung TB Z Nam TB Z Trung binb TB X TB 4.58 4,48 4.57 4,50 4,44 4.50 4,54 4,49 4.42 4,61 4.50 4,50 4 4.31 4.56 4.41 4.57 4,55 4,50 4.44 4.51 4,52 4,71 4.63 4.59 4.48 4,50 4,56 4.51 4,48 4,64 4,69 ' 4.57 NHAN THLTC CUA GIANG VIEN VA SINH VIEN VE N H C N G YEU CAU TRONG DA^' HOC 119 Sinh vien Co thai dp gan giii, chia se vai sinh vien Danh gia dting miic sinh vien va nhom sinh vien GOVD Kiln thiic chuyen mon virng vang Hieu biet sail, rpng ve cac kien thUc khoa hoc ca ban Von van hpa sau, ipng Nang lire chuyen hpa kien thiic cac van de, tinb hupng day hoc Sang tao, linh boat trpng bleu dat vande Nghe thuat su dyng cau hpi neu vande Kheo lep upng viec to cbiic cbp sinh vien phat hien va GOVE) Ngh€ thuSt Upng vice kich diicb thii, dpng ca hoc tap cbp sinh vien Co thai dp gSn gui, cbia se vai sinh vi£n Danh gia diing miic sinh vien va nhom sinb vien GQVD 3.85 4.07 3.87 3.90 3,82 10 3.86 10 3,63 10 3.78 10 4.40 3.75 4,42 3,76 4,40 3.75 4.41 3.75 I 3.72 4,38 3,67 4,37 3.74 4,36 3.71 4.37 3,12 3,11 3,13 3.12 4,05 4.07 4,05 4.06 3.17 3.18 3,17 3.17 3,10 3.14 3,12 3.11 2,27 10 2.26 10 2,27 10 2.27 10 2.30 2.32 2J2 2.31 Dg tim higu nhdn thdc cua giang vien va sinh vign vg muc dd quan ttgng ciia cac yeu cau ddi vdi giang vien ttong dgy hgc GDH theo TCGQVD, phdn tich kgt qua d bang cho thdy: cac ygu cau dugc gidng vien xep tbeo miic quan ttgng gidm ddn nhu sau: Nghi thudt su dung cdu hdi niu vdn di {X= 4,59); Ndng lifc chuyin hod kien thuc thdnh cdc vdn de, tinh hudng dgy hgc {X = 4,57); Nghe thudt viic kich thich hirng thu, ddng ca hgc tap cho sinh viin {X= 4,57); Kiin thuc chuyen mdn virng vdng {X = 4,54); Sdng tgo linh hogt biiu dgt vdn di {X = A,5\y,Kheo leo viec td chuc cho sinh viin phdt hiin vd GQVD {X = 4,51); Hieu biet sdu, rgngve cdc kiin thuc khoa hoc ca bdn (A'= 4,49); Vdn vdn hod sdu, rgng {X= 4,41); Cd thdi dg gdn gdi, chia se v&i sinh vien {K= 3,90); Ddnh gid diing muc sinh vien vd nhdm sinh vien GQVD {X= 3,78) Qua sd Ueu tien, cd thg nban tbay, gidng vign danh gia cao nghi thudt su diing cdu hdi neu vdn de; ndng luc chuyen hda kiin thitc thdnh cdc vdn di, THDH; Nghi thudt viic kich thich thii dgng ca hgc tap cho sinh vien Sd lieu phan anh sy phii hgp giua ly lugn va tiiyc tien dgy hgc Bgn cgnh dd, cac yeu cau nhu: Cd thdi gdn gdi, chia si vdi sinh viin; Ddnh gid dung muc sinh vien vd nhdm sinh vien GQVD khong dugc giang vien ddnh gid cao (xIp thu bdc va 10) KM so sanh kit qud d ba khu vyc dilu tra, cbo thdy cd ba ygu cdu dugc giang vien d ba mien danh gid thdng nhdt vdi dd la: Hiiu biit sau, rgng vi cdc kiin thirc khoa hoc ca bdn (dgu xep thii bdc 5); Cd thdi gdn gui, chia se v&i sinh vien (deu xep thu bdc 9); Ddnh gid diing mirc sinh vien vd nhdm sinh vien GQVD (deu xep tbii bac 10) Cdc yen cdu cdn lgi cd su chenh lech giua ba khu vyc dieu tra De khdng dinh them cho van N G C i t N THI HA LAN dl ngMen cuu, pban ti'ch ket qua dieu tra d ddi Mgng sinh vien, cac yen cdu ddi vdi giang vien dugc sinh vign danh gia muc quan trgng giam ddn nhu sau: Kiin thuc chuyen mdn virng vdng {X= 4,41); Ndng luc chuyen hod kien thuc thdnh cdc vdn di, tinh hudng dgy hgc {X= 4.37); nghe thudt su ching cdu hdi neu vdn di {X= 4,06); Hiiu biit sdu rgng ve cdc kiin thuc khoa hoc ca bdn {X= 3.75); Vdn vdn hod sdu, rgng {X= 3,71); f^eo leo viec td chirc cho sinh vien phdt hiin vd GQVD {X = 3,17); Sdng tgo, linh hogt biiu dgt vdn de {X= 3,12); Nghe thudt viec kich thich hirng thu, ddng ca hoc tap cho sinh vien {X = 3,11); Ddnh gid diing muc sinh vien vd nhdm sinh vien GQVD {X= 2,31); Cd thai gdn gdi, chia se v&i sinh vien (X = 2.27) Qua sd heu chung ta thdy, cd sy kbac biet ttong danh gia giua giang vign \ a sinh vign vg cdc muc quan ttgng cua cac yeu cdu ddi vdi giang vign Chang bgn giang vien danh gid muc quan trgng cua nghi thugt su dung cdu hoi neu vdn de a mdc till sinh vign lai ddnh gid Id kien thdc chuyen mdn vung vdng CM cd ba yen cdu la cd sir thdng nhat danh gia gida giang vien va sinh \'ien dd la: Ndng luc chuyen hod kiin thuc thdnh cdc ^ dn di, tinh hudng dgy hgc (ciing xep thu bdc 2); Ddnh gid dung mirc sinh vien vd nhdm sinh vien GQVD (cimg xgp tbd bdc 9); Cd thai gdn gdi, chia se v&i sinh vien {cimg xep tbu bdc 10) Qua do, cho thdy Ndng luc chuyen hod kiin thuc thdnh cdc vdn di, tinh hudng dgy hgc la cdng viec vd ygu cdu vd ciing quan trgng ddi vdi giang vien ttong dgy hgc theo TCGQW) Bdi IS, ngoai trinb chuyen mdn, ngoai nghe thuat su dyng he thdng cdu bdi neu van de, giang vien phdi cd nang lyc td chdc lai ndi dung hgc tap thdnh cac VDHT, THDH tiem an mau thudn nhdn thirc, thdch tiiuc ta song cd sdc hap ddn ddi vdi ngudi hgc Cdng viec dd ddi hdi ngudi giang vien phai mdt mat ndm vimg ndi dung hgc tap, mgt mat cd kha ndng sang lao, cd nghe tbuat chuygn tai va bieu dat tbanb cac THDH, phu hgp vdi ddc thu chuyen nganh cua sinh vien dg gay bung thu hgc ^ p cimg nhu thuc ddy kha nang tu cua sinh vien 4.2 Danh gia chung ve thux trang nhdn thirc cna giang vien va sinh vi^n ve y£u cau ddi vdi giang \ign va sinh vien day hoc GDH theo TCGQVD Qua ket qua dilu tra va phan tich thyc trang nhan thuc cua gidng vien va sinb vien ve yen cdu ddi vdi giang \ ien va sinh vien dgy hgc mdn GDH theo TCGQVD, cimg vdi phuong pbap trao ddi, ttd chuyen vdi cac giang vien, sinh vien cd the khai quat nhimg ygu cdu cu the ddi vdi giang vien vd sinh vien nhu sau: Yeu cdu ddi vdi gidng vien: Cd kiin thuc chuyen mdn vitng vdng: Day la ygu cau can tMet cua gidng vien ndi chung, giang vien day mdn GDH ndi rigng Kign tbuc chuyen radn la digu kien tien quylt de gidng vien Ma chgn cac pban ndi dung hgc tap co bdn, xdy dyng cdc dang van de, THDH Uen quan dgn ngi dung hgc tap Kien thuc chuyen mdn cang vimg, ngudi giang vien se xay dyng va lya chgn dugc cac van dk, THDH dac sdc, hdp dan tiim an nMeu mau thudn nhdn thdc can giai quyet va cd tac dyng kich tMch M duy, hirng thu hgc tap ciia sinh vien NH.\N THU'C CliA GLANG VIEN VA SINH VIEN VE NHlIrNG YEU CAU TRONG DAY HOC 121 Co kiin thuc virng vdng vi cdc khoa hoc ca bdn: Ngodi kign tiiuc ve mdn GDH, ngudi giang vien cdn cd nhirag kien thdc ca ban vg cac khoa hgc Ty nMen, xd hdi de cd the van dung ttong giang day ddi vdi cdc ddi tugng sinh vign su pham thudc cdc chuyen nganh dao tgo khdc Cd kign thuc ve cac khoa hgc ca ban se giup cho giang vign day mdn GDH cd the xdy dyng va md phdng cdc THDH phong phu, raang tinh dgc thu ciia cac khoa hgc thugc chuyen nganh sinh vign dugc dao tgo Mat khdc, cd thi gdn kiln tbiic GDH vdi 1^ nang va yeu can ve chuygn mdn, nghg ngMep ciia sinh vien, giup cho sinh vien Meu va lmh hgi ngi dung hgc tap sau sdc Tii do, Mgu dugc y ngMa, vai ttd cua mdn GDH ddi vdi sinh vign su pbam cung nhu ngudi giang vien tuang lai Cd hiiu bat vi cdc iTnh vuc vdn hda xd hgi sdu, rgng: Ddy ciing la mgt yeu cdu ddi vdi giing vien day mdn GDH, bdi le kien thuc mdn GDH cd Uen quan vdi cdc kign thuc van hda, xa bgi, ung xu Mdn GDH giiip cbo sinh vien cd nhihig kiln thuc va ky nang ttong "day chii, dgy ngudi " Vi vay, Meu biet sau, rdng vl vdn hda, xd hdi se giup cho gidng vien day mdn GDH td cbiic cdc ndi dung hgc tap cbo sinh vien gan gui vdi cdc yen cdu ciia thyc tiln van hda, xa bdi Cd ndng luc vd nghi thudt chuyin tdi cdc kien thuc mdn GDH, mdn khoa hgc ca bdn thdnh cdc vdn di, THDH: De giang dgy mdn GDH hieu qua, giang vien khdng cbi cd nhihig kign thuc vg chuyen mdn, ve cac khoa hgc ca bdn ma can phdi cd nghe thuat chuygn tai, xdy dung ndi dung day bgc cac vdn de, THDH tigm dn tri thuc cdn ITnh hgi, 1^ ndng cdn ren luyen, thai cdn hinh tbdnb de thuc day tu duy, tinh ticb cue suy n ^ ciing nhu bung thu vd ddng ca hgc tap cua sinh vien Nhung ngi dung mdn hgc dugc giang vign td chuc, tMet ke dudi dgng vdn dg hgc tap, THDH vd td chirc cho sinh vien phat Men, tim tdi va GQVD tiem an ttong cac THDH dd Cd nhu vdy, qua tiinh linh hgi tri thuc cua sinh vien mdi vihig chdc vd sang tgo ddng thdi phat buy dugc tinh ticb cue cua sinh vien ttong hgc tap Cd ky thudt vd nghi thudt bieu dgt, mo phdn^ vdn di cung nhu THDH: Trong day hgc GQVD, ngoai viec xay dung dugc cac vdn de, THDH gidng vien can cd 1^ nang bigu dgt, mo phdng cac vdn de, THDH dudi cac hinh thuc khac nbau dg van dung cho cac khoa dao tao kbac nhau, van dyng ttong cac muc khac cua day hgc GQVD Ngay nay, vdi sy phat triln manh me cua CNTT, giang vidn cd tiie khai thac va ung dung cac tinh ndng cua CNTT dl tiiilt kl, bilu dgt cac vdn dl hgc tap, THDH mgt each phong phu; khdng cM hdp dan ve ndi dung ma ca ve hinh tiiuc bieu dat; khdng chi kich tbich tu va nang lyc nhdn tbuc cua sinh \'ien ma cdn cd tac dung tdi xuc cam, tmh cam \ a thai cua sinh vien ttong bgc tap Co khd ndng hu&ng ddn, trg gidp sinh vien qud trinh tim tdi, GQVD: Ngudi giang vign dai hgc khdng phai to chdc va thyc Men qua trinh truygn dat tri thuc, binb thdnh ky nang cho sinh vien ma van dg quan ttgng la phai thyc hien tdt vai ttd la ngudi cd vdn, la ngudi trg giup sinh vien ttong qud trinh phat Men, tun tdi \a GQVD Dieu dd ddi hdi gidng vign phai Meu rd vg trinh ciia sinh vien, dy doan dugc cdc hudng M va phdt hien van de cua sinh vien cung nhu tien Mgng dugc nhung khd khan ma sinh vign NGUYEN THI HA LAN gdp phai ttong qua ttinh bgc tgp; dgng vien va M van kjp thdi de tao dgng lyc cbo sinh vign gidi quygt hieu qua cac vdn dl hgc tap Cd kinh nghiim vd nghi thugt giao tiip, ung xir; thiit lap mdi quan h? gdn gdi, chia se v&i sinb vien: Ngudi gidng vien can cd nhihig each iing xd, giao tilp nhdn vdn ttong qua trinh giang dgy, tgo mdi trudng than thien va chia se, hgp tac ttong hgc tgp giita sinh vign vdi sinh vien cung nhu giua giang vien vd sinh vign V§u cau ddi vdi sinh vien qua trinh hoc tap mdn GDH Cd thdi do, dgng ca hgc tgp ddng ddn: Day la mdt ttong nhOng yeu cau tien quyet cua mgi ngudi hgc d bdt cir cdp hgc nao, song ddi vdi sinh vien thi yeu cdu cang cd y nghTa quan trgng Cd thai va ddng ca hgc tdp dung ddn sg giiip cbo ngudi hgc xac dinh dugc nM^m vu cua minh, vugt qua nhiMg khd khdn khach quan va chu quan, nd lyc ve tri Mg va sue lyc de giai quyet cac nMem vy hgc tap, ndng cao hieu qua hgc tap mdn hgc Tich cue, cha dgng, sdng tgo hgc tap: Ddy la nhiing pbam chdt quan trgng ciia ngudi hgc ndi chung va cua ciia tu ndi rieng Dgy hgc theo tiep can GQVD ddi bdi ngudi bgc pbai M ve cac vdn dl, THDH dl phdt hign va lya chgn cac each GQVD Nhd nhdng pham chdt do, sinh vien se khdng phu thuOc vdo giang vign ma chii dgng tim tdi, lya chgn cdc cdch thdc va dudng GQVD, gidi quyet nhiem vy hgc tap Tich eye, chu dgng va sang tgo se the hien vai ttd chu thg cao, dinh hudng hgc tap ca nban tdt dg cMgm Unh tri thdc mgt each viMg chac Cd kiin thirc phd thdng vitng vdng (cac kign thdc ve khoa hgc ca ban): sinh vien tiong qud trinh hgc t|ip mdn GDH cdn pbai biet lien he, van dung vdi cdc kien thdc phd thdng de gdn kit va lign h | gitta mdn GDH vdi dac thu nghg nghiep sau ndy, giup cho vigc ITnh hOi n^i dung bgc tap them vung chdc, gdn kgt gida Iy thuylt vd thyc hanh giang vien ttong day hgc mdn GDH se My tirag khoa ddo tao ma dua nhdng THDH, vdn dk chda dyng kien tbuc kboa bgc ciia sinh vien, giup cho qud ttinh M duy, GQVD cua sinh vien bieu qua M dd ITnh bgi ndi dung mdn GDH Cd nhitng kinh nghiim vd hieu biit nhdt djnh vi vdn hda irng xu, giao tiip, gido due: Ngi dung mdn GDH ludn cd lien be vdi cac kiln thuc vdn hda, xa hgi vi GDH la khoa hgc vg giao dye ngudi Cdc kien thdc vd kinh nghi?m vl cac Unh vyc vdn hda, xa hgi, ung xu, giao tilp sg giup cho qua ttinh ITnh hdi ngi dung mdn GDH hieu qua Cd ky ndng nhgn diin, tuang tdc vd tu ddi v&i cdc cdc vdn di, THDH Viec hgc tap cua sinh vign ttong dgy hgc theo TCGQVD mang tinh dgc lap va chii ddng Gidng vign khdng truyin dgt ndi dung hgc tgp tiijc tilp, mgt chilu ma thdng qua vi^c ttinh bay, bilu dgt cac vdn dl, THDH sg kich tiuch tu va kha nang GQVD ciia sinh vien Vi vgy, de hgc tap dat Meu qua cao, ngoai vdn kiln thuc vl mdn GDH, vl cac khoa hgc ca ban, ve cdc kien thuc van hda, xa hdi, dng xu tM sinh vien cdn cd ky ndng nhdn djgn, Mong tac vdi cac van dk, THDH Biit phdn tich cac thdng tm, ddu hieu ciia NHAN THl'iC CUA GL\NG VIEN VA SINH VIEN VE NHONG YEU CAU TRONG DAY HOC cac ddi tirgng ttong cac van de, THDH de y Ihuc dugc nMem vu nhdn thuc; tu M duy, tim tdi va GQVD Cd ky ndng hgc tap hop tdc nhdm: Day hgc mdn GDH theo tilp can GQVD thudng sir dung hinh thuc thao luan nhdm de td chuc cho sinh vien tim tdi, GQVD ttong cac nhdm nhd Qua qua trinh Mong tdc ttong nhdm, cdc kMa cgnh ciia vdn dl mdi dugc tap thi sinh vien phat Men va giai quyet mgt each toan dien va sau sdc Vi vgy, 1^ ndng hgp tac ttong hgc td,p se tao mdi trudng hgc tap tich eye khdng cM giiip cho sinb vien Mong tac vdi dg GQVD ma quan trgng hon la cac ylu td vl vdn hda, xa hdi ttong mdi tnrdng nhdm se tgo nen dgng lyc thuc ddy tti tue, xuc cam cho mdi sinh vien KET LUAN Day hgc Giao due hgc theo TCGQW) ddi hdi nhihig yeu cdu nhdt dinb ddi vdi giang vien va sinh vign Bgn cgnh viec ngMen cuu ly ludn vl day hgc tiieo TCGQ\D, nghien cuu nhiMg dac trung cua mdn Giao dye hgc ttong trudng su phgm, viec dilu tta va phdn tich thyc ttgng nhan thuc cua giang vien va sinh vien ve ygu cau ttong dgy hgc GDH theo TCGQVD da cbo thay tdm quan ttgng va y nghTa to ldn cua TCGQVD ttong day bgc GDH d tnrdng su phgm Gidng vien va SV dgu dd nhan thdc diing va ddy du cac yeu cdu ddi vdi gidng vien va SV ttong dgy hgc GDH theo TCGQVD Cdc ygu cdu dd gan vdi cac ky ndng su pham dac biet cua nghl nghiep va tinh chdt cua mdn hgc GDH, hudng din viec Mnh va phat tiien tu va IQ' nang GQVD cho SV Dl van dyng thdnh cdng dgy hgc GDH theo TCGQVD, ddi hdi giang vien, SV cdn tich cue va chii dgng ttong bogt ddng day - hgc, ttang bi nhung kien thuc chuygn ngdnh, kien thuc khoa hgc CO ban,-kien thuc van hod - xd hdi va cac ky nang su phgm phu hgp vdi ygu cdu cua dgy hgc GQVD d bgc dgi hgc, gdp phdn ndng cao hieu qua dgy hgc mdn GDH ttong cdc tnrdng su pham hien TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] [2] [3] Luu Xuan Mdi (2000) Ly ludn dgy hgc dgi hgc, NXB Giao due Ha Noi Gijselaers W H (1996) Bringing Problem-Based Leaming to Higher Education: Theory and Practice, New Duecttons for Teaching and Leam-ing, 68 San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Hmelo Cindy, Barrows H S (2006) Goals and sttategies of a problem-based learning facilitatox Interdisciplinary Joumal ofProblem-basedearning, i, pp 21-39 Title: STUDENTS" AND TEACHERS' PERCEPTION OF REQUIREMENTS IN TEACHING PEDAGOGY PROBLEM-SOLVING BASED APPROACH Abstract: Pedagogy is an important subject m Pedagogical Universities, which helps teacher students to understand the theory of pedagogics, traming pedagogical skills, and estabhshing professional ethics In fact teaching pedagogy, smdies and apphcations of teachingtiieoiyowing to problem-solvmg based approach is still Umited So, efficiency, abihty of applying teaching NGUYEN THJ HA LAN and leaming theory have not met the theoretical and practical requirements The result of the survey of students' and teachers' perception of requirements in teaching pedagogy problemsolving based approach is an important basis that helps teachers and students to consider and adjust the activities of teaching and learning, and to improve the effectiveness of teaching pedagogy at pedagogical universities Keywords: problem-solvmg, awareness, pedagogy, pedagogical skills TS NGUYEN THI HA LAN Khoa Tam li - Giao due, Truang Dai hoc Hdng Due DT: 0912 958 092, Email: nguyenhalan.hdu@gmail.com ... THLTC CUA GIANG VIEN VA SINH VIEN VE N H C N G YEU CAU TRONG DA^'' HOC 119 Sinh vien Co thai dp gan giii, chia se vai sinh vien Danh gia dting miic sinh vien va nhom sinh vien GOVD Kiln thiic... viec to cbiic cbp sinh vien phat hien va GOVE) Ngh€ thuSt Upng vice kich diicb thii, dpng ca hoc tap cbp sinh vien Co thai dp gSn gui, cbia se vai sinh vi£n Danh gia diing miic sinh vien va nhom... tap cho sinh vien Sd lieu phan anh sy phii hgp giua ly lugn va tiiyc tien dgy hgc Bgn cgnh dd, cac yeu cau nhu: Cd thdi gdn gdi, chia si vdi sinh viin; Ddnh gid dung muc sinh vien vd nhdm sinh vien