CHUYÊN ĐỀ 11 GIỚI TỪ (PREPOSITIONS) * PHẦN I LÝ THUYẾT A Definition Giới từ là từ hay cụm từ thường được dùng trước danh từ hay đại từ để chỉ mối liên hệ giữa các từ này với các thành phần khác trong[.]
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 11 GIỚI TỪ (PREPOSITIONS) * PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT A Definition Giới từ từ hay cụm từ thường dùng trước danh từ hay đại từ để mối liên hệ từ với thành phần khác câu B Kinds of prepositions I PREPOSITIONS OF TIME: (Giới từ thời gian) On On Sunday (morning) / 25th April / New Year’s Day … On holiday / business / duty / a trip / an excursion / fire / sale / a diet… In In April / 1980 In summer / spring / autumn / winter In five minutes / a few days / two years In the morning / afternoon / evening At At o’clock / the weekend / night / Christmas At the end of / at the age of From to From 1977 to 1985 Since Since 1985 / Monday / o’clock For For three days / a long time / one hour II PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE: (Giới từ nơi chốn, địa điểm) On On a table / a wall / a bus / a train / a plane / the floor / a horse / television / the radio / the telephone In In a garden / a park / a town / the water / my office / hospital / a car In the middle of At At home / work / school / university / the station / the airport / a concert / a party / a football match At 10 Pasteur Street By By car / bus / plane (on foot) By accident = by chance : tình cờ, ngẫu nhiên For For a walk / a swim / a drink … for breakfast / lunch / dinner (*) SOME OTHER PREPOSITIONS : - From : từ … Ex : I am from Vietnam, I get the book from the man - From … to … : từ … đến Ex: From o’clock to o’clock; from my house to school - Next to = near : cạnh Ex: I live near her house - Behind : phía sau Ex: the shop is behind the post office - In front of : trước Ex: my house is in front of the school - On : Ex : the book is on the table - Under : Ex : the pen is under the book - In the middle of : Ex : the tree is in the middle of the yard - In : Ex: he is in the room - Out : Ex: he is out of the room - Opposite = across from : đối diện Ex: my house is opposite the shop III VERB + NOUN + PREP: (Động từ + danh từ + giới từ) - give way to : nhượng bộ, chịu thua - catch sight of : thoáng thấy - give place to : nhường chỗ cho - keep pace with : theo kịp - lose sight of : hút, khơng nhìn - pay attention to : ý đến thấy - put a stop to = put an end to: chấm dứt - lose track of : dấu vết - set fire to = burn : phóng hỏa - lose touch with: liên lạc với - take advantage of : lợi dụng - make allowance for: xét đến, chiếu cố - take care of : chăm sóc - make use of : dùng, tận dụng - take account of : quan tâm tới, lưu ý - make fun of : chọc ghẹo, chế nhạo tới - make room for : dọn chỗ cho - take note of : lưu ý đến - make a fuss over / about: làm om xòm - take notice of : ý thấy, nhận thấy IV VERB + PREP: (Động từ + giới từ) VERB + TO VERB + FOR VERB + ABOUT - apologize to sb for sth - apply for - care about - belong to - care for - dream about sb / sth - complain to sb about sb / - pay for - think about sth - look for - hear about = be told about - happen to - wait for - warn about - introduce to - blame for - listen to - leave for - speak / talk to sb - write to - prefer to - explain to - invite to VERB + ON - concentrate on / focus on - depend on / rely on - live on - congratulate on - spend (money/time) on VERB + IN - succeed in - arrive in / at - search for - ask for VERB + OF - consist of - die of - take care of - accuse of - remind of VERB + WITH - provide with - charge with VERB + AT - laugh at / smile at - shout at - look at / stare at / glance at - point at / aim at VERB + FROM - suffer from / - borrow from - save / protect / - prevent from V ADJECTIVE + PREP: (Tính từ + giới từ) ADJ + TO ADJ + FOR ADJ + ABOUT - accustomed to: quen với - available for - angry about - addicted to: nghiện - responsible for - anxious about - harmful to: có hại - famous for - worried about - similar to / agreeable to - late for - excited about - good / nice / kind / polite / rude /….to sb - important to ADJ + ON ADJ + OF ADJ + AT - keen on - afraid of / full of - surprised at - dependent on - aware of / tired of - quick at - ashamed of - bad / good at - capable of - brilliant at ADJ + IN ADJ + WITH ADJ + FROM - confident in - equipped with - different from - successful in - bored with - absent from - interested in - busy with - safe from - rich in - acquainted with * PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Choose the correct prepositions She was very surprised the grade she received A at B on C of D about Tom’s grandfather died 1977 the age of 79 A for/at B on/in C at/in D in/at Jane doesn't spend much money clothes A over B about C at D on She always takes good care her children A for B in C of D with There are usually a lot of parties New Year’s Eve A in B for C on D with Mr Smith is not accustomed hot weather A to B at C for D in Tom has to try hard to keep pace his classmates A to B with C at D for The librarian advised us to take full advantage all the facilities available A of B at C for D about Don't make fun that disabled boy A upon B in C to D of 10 Did you know that Linda is engaged a friend of mine? A to B at C for D towards 11 She stood there, saying nothing until she lost sight the plane A to B of C inside D about 12 The Vietnamese participants always take part sports events with great enthusiasm A in B on C at D to 13 He isn’t independent _ any means He depends _ his father _ everything A by/ on/ in B for/ on/ in C of/ in/ for D on/ in/ with 14 He may be quick _ understanding but he isn’t capable _ remembering anything A in/ of B on/ at C at/ of D of/ at 15 Mum is always busy her work in the laboratory A with B at C in D of 16 Lan will stay there _ the beginning in September _ November A from/ to B till/ to C from/ in D till/ of 17 I would like to apply _ the position of sales clerk that you advised in the Sunday newspaper A for B to C with D in 18 I have been looking _ this book for months, and at last, I have found it A over B up C for D at 19 My sister is very keen _ eating chocolate candy A on B with C about D at 20 Who’s going to look _ the children while you’re away? A at B up C after D over 21 I’m not going out yet I’m waiting the rain to stop A for B away C from D up 22 Sorry I haven’t written you for such a long time A into B to C for D round 23 Who was that man I saw you talking in the pub? A up B back C from D to 24 What happened the gold watch you used to have? A with B against C for D to 25 I look stupid with this haircut Everyone will laugh me A in B at C into D away 26 George’s salary is very low It isn’t enough to live A about B round C on D down 27 I’ve lost my keys Can you help me look them? A up B after C for D into 28 I believe saying what I think A on B in C with D for 29 When I realized I was wrong, I apologized to him my mistake A at B for C up D before 30 Would you care _a cup of coffee? A for B about C of D with 31 When I heard he had passed his examination, I phoned him to congratulate him his success A back B over C on D with 32 Three students were accused _cheating in the examination A on B off C with D of 33 We had an enormous meal It consisted _seven courses A off B of C in D up 34 I’m really satisfied _.what I have A with B along C back D out 35 I feel sorry Bob He has no friends and no money A with B about C for D by 36 I’m sorry the noise last night We’re having a party A with B about C for D by 37 I wasn’t very impressed the film A back B up C by D through 38 I’m sure you are capable passing the examination A round B along C among D of 39 Are you interested art and architecture A from B for C up D in 40 Mary is very fond animals She has three cats and two dogs A about B since C of D between 41 We are grateful our teacher A with B about C to D out 42 I’m a bit short money Can you lend me some? A at B over C of D down 43 I was amazed her knowledge of French Literature A by B about C of D off 44 He is excellent playing the flute A at B over C to D behind 45 Why are you always so jealous other people? A on B of C in D below 46 He was proud himself for not giving up A of B during C after D under 47 Are you excited going on holiday next week? A into B about C above D over 48 You get fed up doing the same thing every day A between B up C against D with 49 I’m really satisfied _what I have A with B along C back D out 50 It’s silly _you to go out without a coat You’ll catch cold A to B of C since D by Suggested answers: A D D C C A B A D 10 A 11 B 12 A 13 A 14 C 15 A 16 A 17 A 18 C 19 A 20 C 21 A 22 B 23 D 24 D 25 B 26 C 27 C 28 B 29 B 30 A 31 C 32 D 33 B 34 A 35 C 36 B 37 C 38 D 39 D 40 C 41 C 42 C 43 A 44 A 45 B 46 A 47 B 48 D 49 A 50 B ... across from : đối diện Ex: my house is opposite the shop III VERB + NOUN + PREP: (Động từ + danh từ + giới từ) - give way to : nhượng bộ, chịu thua - catch sight of : thoáng thấy - give place to... a fuss over / about: làm om xòm - take notice of : ý thấy, nhận thấy IV VERB + PREP: (Động từ + giới từ) VERB + TO VERB + FOR VERB + ABOUT - apologize to sb for sth - apply for - care about -... suffer from / - borrow from - save / protect / - prevent from V ADJECTIVE + PREP: (Tính từ + giới từ) ADJ + TO ADJ + FOR ADJ + ABOUT - accustomed to: quen với - available for - angry about