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H U ( J N G D A N O U A N L V , SUDUNG II XAY DUNG VA SUT DUNG THIET Bl DAY HOC MON LICH SUf d TRUdNG PHO THONG 1 Qud trmh dgy hgc (DH) ndi chung, mdn Ljch sfl (LS) d tnidng pho thdng ndi rilng ed nhi[.]
HU(JNGDANOUANLV, SUDUNG II XAY DUNG VA SUT DUNG THIET Bl DAY HOC MON LICH SUf d TRUdNG PHO THONG TS Nguyin Manh HUdng - TiiS Nguyin Vdn Bdng TrUdng Dai hgc SUpham Hd Ngi Qud trmh dgy hgc (DH) dyng PPDH truyin Hi$u i>ng nguvc cOa c^c nhdn t6 ndi chung, mdn Ljch sfl (LS) thdng (thay dgc, trd Mgc tidu DH d tnidng thdng ndi rilng chip)till90%ti-itiifle Npi dung DH ed nhilu nhdn td chi phdi, tdc eua HS dflgc tilp dfng qua lgi vd dnh hfldng tdi nhgn qua tai, 10% qua Gito vl£n H9cslnh Phuongti^nDH chdt Iflgng bf mdn (nhfl myc mdt sau mft thdi gian Phuang p h ^ DH tilu, nfi dung, phfldng phap, ngdn se rdi vdo tam Mdi truong gi^o dgc mdi trfldng gido dye, ), trgng mft mdi, gidm dd phfldng tifn, thilt bj DH Id sfl chfl y U; 445], Hinh 1: Anh hiring tdl nhdn cdch mft ylu td quan trgng Sd dd nhflng nlu cdc em Moi quan he qua lai giUa cdc vfla dflgc nghe, vfla nhdn to qud trinh DH dflgc nhin thdng qua Hinh 2:8966 v4 ti I9 Imj giir ki4n thuc cua HS (hinh 1) da giup ehung ta hieu hinh dnh, kit hgp vdi Sau3gl0r Sau ngSy rang thilt bi, phfldng tifn DH cac hogt dgng (tUc Id ehinh la "chiic cdu noi" gifla huy dgng cung mgt lUc giao vien (GV) vdi hgc sinh nhiiu gidc quan) thi (HS) dl thflc hifn myc tilu kit qud ghi nhd kiln giao dye dgt thflc dgt hdn 90% l2; Tat cd cdc logi thilt bi, 11], B, Maskey vd J phfldng tifn ki thugt ho trg CoUum - nha giao DH diu la cdng cy, phfldng dye An Df tflng edng tifn chfla dflng, ehuyen tai bd kit qua nghiln Iflgng thdng tin tdi GV cflu vl sfl hgn ehl i i * n wi-» L qua trinh giang dgy va Id cua PP dung ldi ndi, Hai dng Phat hi?n [3; 8] (hmh 2) ngudn tri thflc phong phu khuyin khich GV sfl dyng cac ^ , ^ o / ^ S ' ^^l^^g ^^a khong da dgng, nham phat triln tri logi phfldng tifn trflc quan dl *^ P^^ ^ ^ ^ ^"^ ^^"^ , ^ h tuf, nang eao nang Iflc nhgn huy dfng cflng mft luc nhilu ^^^ ^^J^J^ "^i dung kien tiifle cho HS Sfl dyng tiiilt bi giacquanvdtdchflchogtdfng ^^^ ^^^ bdi hgc dflgc chfla DH hifu qud khdng chi gdp phdn quan trgng vdo doi mdi ty hgc cfla HS Tac gia da Uft ^ f ?°^8 !^5^*ifi ^* P " ' phfldng phap (PP) dgy hgc kl, dfla PP so sanh vl ti If ^A nhflng tiiietbi DH ty lam cua tiidy trd, ma cdn chong Iflu gifl kilntiifletrong tri nhd truyen thong (Iflgc treo lgi vifc "day chay", "hgc chay", HS edn lgi sau gid vd ngdy ^ ^ ^ ' ^ ^ ^f ^/^t ve, mo mgt tmh trgng kha phd biln d GV ehi dflng ldi ndi; sfl ^^^^ tfl che, ) den cac hinh nhilu trfldng thdng hifn dyng phuong tifn hinh anh; ^^ ^^^8 " ^oat anh nhd sfl Gan day, nhflng ketfqua dung ldi ndi kit hgp vdi hmh ^° *S:^,^t?"8 ^8^^ f^°"8 ^^ nghien cflu cua cac chuyin gia dnh; dung ldi ndi kit hgp vdi (^^TT) deu eo tac dyng tich giao dye cho thay, neu cfl dp hmh anh vd to chflc eho HS cflc giup HStiepthu hieu qua hogt dfng; td chflc cho HS tfl ^^ ^^^ t«^ ^^- ^ o " qua vai (Nh4n bdi ngdy 30/12/2011) TAP CHi T H I ^ BI GlAO DgC - Sd 77 ^ 1/2012 • 31 II HUdlNG DAN OUANLY Sir DUNG trd td chflc dieu khiln cua GV, gia cuf e tiii tfl xdy dyng dd tiifle chfldng trinh Bf cac thilt bj DH se kichtiiichtfl dflng, gido cy tryc quan, tgo GDSfDT quy djnh, ddng tiidi sy say me, 11 thu, ylu thich phong trdotiifldngxuyIn, liln nghien cflu sach gido khoa di mdn hgc cua HS, gidm tiidi ti^c (nhfl Hd Nfi, Hdi Phdng, chgn lgc thdng tin (kinh chfl, gian dien gidi cua thay vd tang Thdi Nguyin, Nam Djnh, Hui, kinh hinh, kinh dm thanh), tiidi gian hogt dfng cua trd, Khdnh Hda,.,.) Trong cdc hgi ldm rd kiln thflc ed bdn edn Nhfn thflc rd tdm quan thi ndy, GV da bilt khai thdc dflgc GV coi trgng Cdng vifc ti-gng cua vifcflngdyng CNTT flu dilm eua CNTT dl sflu ndy khdng nhflng trdnh dflgc tiong xdy dflng vd sfl dyng thilt tdm chgn lgc hinh dnh vd thilt tinh trgng "dm dom" kiln tiifle bi D , vdo ddu ni6i ndm hgc kl hd sd tU lifu difn tfl (ldm sd HS bj "bgi thUc hinh dnh", phdn mdi Bf GD&DT gfli nhilu dd hda kiln thflc, Iflge dd gido tdn tfl tiidng, md cdn thi cdng van, chi thi cho cdc Sd khoa difn tfl, dflng phim tU hifn sfl cdi tiln PPDH giflp GD&DT dinh hUdng vifc mua Ufu tfl cdc hinh dnh khai thdc cdc em hgc tfp hflng tiiu, tich sdm, cbl tgo vd sfl dyng tiiilt bi trin mgng Internet,.,,), Nhd eye vd ylu thich bf mdn hon DH Ddi vdi bf mdn LS, ngodi dd nhilu sdn phdmti^ldm cua + Phdi ddm bdo tinh khoa hf tiidng luge dd vdti-anhdnh GV dgt gidi cao, da dgng vl till hgc til tfldng vd diln hinh ti-ong "Danh muc thiit day hgc logi chia sl dflgc nhilu kinh cua tflng sfl kifn, hifn tflgng toi thieu" theo quy dinh (tfl nghifm eho ddng nghifp, qua LS Tinh khoa hgc bilu hifn ldp din ldp 12), hdng nam dd gdp phdn quan trgng vdo d nhilu gde dg, nhfl: nhflng cdctiildngphdtiidngdiu phdi doi mdi PPDH, hinh dnh GV sflu tdm, tiiilt ddu tfl ngan sdeh eho xay dflng Bin cgnh dd, chfla kl phdi cd ngudn gde xudt xfl mua sdm vd ldm mdi thilt bj dflgc trang bj ddy du nhflng rd rdng, dg tin efy cao, phdn gido dye 14], [5], ylu cdu vd PP ludn, nhilu san anh chinh xdc sfl kifn, hifn Qua cae kinh thdng tin pham cua GV da bj "hiin dai tflgng LS vl thdi gian, khdng dilu tra, khdo sat danh gid /ida"kiln thflc, hogc mde bfnh gian, nhdn vgt, s6 Ufu, Cae thflc trgng xdy dflng, mua "chdt dong hinh dnh" Yiv^y,di ylu td hinh dnh vd am sdm vd sfl dyng thilt bj DH trdnh nhflng sai sdt vikl thugt, phdi thdng nhat vdi nhau, phu cho thdy: hdu hit cac trfldng nhdm lan vl nfi dung kiln hgp, mai^ tinh khd thi, ph6 thdng (trong vd ngodi thflc, dnh hfldng tdi hifu qud + Khi thiet ke bat ki mft cdng lgp) diu huy dfng dflgc bdi hgc LS, chung ta cdn dinh thilt bj DH ndo cflng phai tgo nhilu ngudn tdi Iflc (ngdn sach hfldng cho GV nhflng yeu cdu dilu kifn thugn lgi cho HS nhd nfldc, ddng gdp cua phy cd bdn tgo cdc sdn phdm Unh hfi dflgc kiln thflc cd ban huynh, xa hgi hda,,.,) dl mua gido cy trflc quan tfl CNTT: theo hfldng tich cflc nhdt, Cac sam du trang thilt bj DH theo + Phai can cfl vdo tflng nhd gido dye vd nhilu GV dgy quy djnh "toi thiiu" Tuy nhiln, bdi hgc de xdc djnh dung myc gidi mdn LS diu khlng djnh, nlu can cfl vdo sd Iflgng bdn tilu vd kiln thflc co bdn dflgc CNTT cd nhilu flu thi dd, tranh dnh giao khoa theo quy djnh chfldng trinh vifc thilt kidd dung trflc quan "Danh muc thiit hi di^y hgc vd sdch gido khoa LS d trfldng (Iflgc d6, so d6 hda, tranh dnh toi thiiu" cua Bf GD&DT thi ph6 tiidng Di ngflgc lgi ylu vd phim tdi Ufu, ), nhflng chfla thi dapflngdflgc ylu cdu cdu ndy, GV khd trdnh khdi cung cd the trd thdnh "con dao dgy- hgc