MdrSOlAlHmGWlAlHOGSiNHKHIGIJUBfyWHi^ (PHAN HOA HOC V 6 CO) O ThS H O A N G THANH P H O N G '''' Khi g$p m$t bdl todn h6a hpc, ngudrl gidi c6n n6m ch6c h$ thd''''ng kl^n thi)c vd biiCt v$n di/ng tri^t d l nh[.]
MdrSOlAlHmGWlAlHOGSiNHKHIGIJUBfyWHi^ (PHAN HOA HOC V CO) O ThS H O A N G THANH P H O N G ' K hi g$p m$t bdl todn h6a hpc, ngudrl gidi ihu dupc Id N O j , O j c6n n6m ch6c h$ thd'ng kl^n thi)c vd biiCt Ti> gid thilt, kim lopl du nSn H N O , da v$n di/ng tri^t d l nhihig dff kl$n dd cho, phdn ling hit V^y, ta cd: song IrSn thi/c 1^ nhilu hpc sinh (MS) ihudng cd n F e j j n H N » i , = 0,125 (mol| nhdng sal sdt nhu; bd qua m$t s6 qud trinh ndo hpc xdy bdl t$p dd cho, dfin d i n nhCtng ^ mFe,Oj - 0,125.1 dO - 20,0 (gam) sol sdt ddng tile Bdl vllt phdn tfch v l m^t sd' sal n N O j - dnFejOj; nOj | nFojOj -^ nkhl = sdt ihudng g$p cOa HS nhu: hllu sai kiln thuc; bd qua m^t s6 dO kl|n da cho, ho^c khdng chCi din mpt sd k l ^ thuc CO bdn dSn d i n nhOng nhdm Y - n F e j O j j|(mol) ISn gidl bdl t^p phdn hda hpc Vd co, glOp Sai sdt: Vdl cdch gidi trSn HS da vdp 'sal HS hllu ro, sdu, dung kiln thuc hda hpc, qua dd Idm" kt khdng chO y di; kl$n ddy Id kim lopl Fe, r^n luyin kr ndng v$n dung kiln thi>c dd vdo gidl khdc vdl cdc kim logl khdc d chS Id Fe du thi bdi IQp hod hpc (phdn Hod vd co] m$t cdch nhanh s5 xdy phdn ling tilp theo Fe + Fe(N03)3 didng vd chinh xdc hon - » Fe(N0,)3 M^l sng, dem Ipc bd kit tOa thu [)o dd, khdi lupng chdt rdn vd sd moi thu dupc dung djch A Ldm bay hoi cdn th^n dung dupc Id: djch A thu dupc mudi khan, nung ndng lupng mFej03 = 0,1875 160 = 30,0 (gam); n ^ = mudi khan dd nhl^t dp cao d i n khdi lupng Midng ddi thu dupic m gam chat rdn vd x (moi) j n F e 3 = — ( m o i ) hSn hpp gdm Tim m vd x Sol sdt gidl todn xdt thilu trudng Phdn tich: Vdl bdl l lu dung dich Y bdng vISc vllt cdc phuong trinh hod hpc: vdo dung djch X d i n hit thi lupng kit tOa ihu ^ Fe +'4 HNO3 Fe(N03l3 + N O + H O - Dung djch A cd Fe(N03l3, qud trinh cd cpn dupc Id d,24 gam T h i tich dung dich Y Id: A khdng xdy stf nhl$t phdn mudi, v ^ mudi A 0,24 Ifl; B 0,32 lit; C 0,24 lit hoijc 0,32 lit; khan Id Fe(NO,l3, nhl|t phdn mudi ndy s i xdy D 0,34 lit F^fidn Hch: Hdu hit HS thudng gidi iheo cdch phuong trinh hod hpc sou: sou: - Phuong trinh hod hpc: AICI3 + SNoOH -* i-12NO, + , 4NNO3I3 N a C l + Al(OH)j ^2fefi,, - VMg(OH),4 Sal sdl: Hdu hit HS dd rn^c m6t sai Idm Id 2b • - b khdng nghT din Hnh ludng tinh ciio Al(0H)3, nSn CaCO.J dd khdng x6t thdm m$t trudng hpp nOa Id dung C O - + Ca=* d|ch NaOH tdc dung hit vdi Al(OH|3 d l thu dupc kit tOo cvc dpi, sou dd mft phdn kit hia Al(OH)3 V4y to cd: c - X.V + a vd c + 2.b - 2x V tonra.Do dd, bdl todn ndy c6 kit qud dOng Id: V dung d|ch Y bing 0,24 lit vd 0,32 lit -• Chpn V ^ ^ D d p d n A ddp dn; C Sal sdt vllt sal thii hf cdc phdn ling Vdl d^c ihO b$ mdn Hda hpcid mdn khoa hda hpc VftJv Trong m6t cdc nudc chiio a moi Ca^*,hpc thpc nghlf m, vl v ^ , ngodi vl$c gliip HS ndm chde If thuylt, GV cdn rin luy^ cho cdc em kr b moi Mg'* vd c moi HCOJ Nlu chi dOng node ndng v^n dyng If thuylt vdo thi/c hdnh gidl bdl vdi ndng d$ Ca(OH)2 x M d l Idm gidm d$ top, gidl thich cdc kll qud thf nghl|m hpc Cling cua nudc, thi ngudi to Hid/ thim V lit t^p, vd cdc'hi^n tupng hod hpc liln quan din nudc vdl vdo cdc thi d$ ciing ciio nudc kiln thiic dd hpc xdy tror>g ddi sdng hdng cdc Id nhd nhdt Bllu ihiic Hnh V theo o, b, ngdy td m$t n$l dung quan trpng dpy hpc hda hpc Quo vl$c Hm ldi, phdn Hch vd Hm hudlig xla;A.V.^^;B.V ' " — ; C ' V ' * ' " khdc phye mOt sd sol sdt Irong vt$c gidl todn Hda hpc vd CO, phdn ndo si cung cdp dim HS khdng 6+a chi kiln thiic khoa hpc md cd dudng chilm 2x • Imh kfy kiln ihiic, mang Ipl nilm vui, si/ soy ml, hiing khdt Id d$ng li/c thuc ddy sv sdng tpo Phdn Hch: Cdch gidl phd blln thudng gMgC03i thdng NXB Bui lu>c quic gia Hd W, 2011 Nguyin Thi Siju - Li van Nim Phvnig phip dfy b CaC03 hpc NXB Khoa ht/c vd kJthudt, H 2007 (a + X.V) V - ^ i ^ X Phuong dn nhilu B Sai sdl: Trong trudng hpp ndy, HS khdng chu y vl d* ton cOo Mg(OH)j IT - lO") When meeting a chen^cal exercise contem muchltnawledge, manv students often have mis as: Ignoring some processes c/iem/co/ happene Itte system leadlr^ to Itte regrettable errors T tide anot/zes the mtsaltes^ solving Inorganic ch tiyexerdses Tjp cM Giio dup s6 285 aa i • »/MIM ... Phdn Hch: Cdch gidl phd blln thudng g + 2.0H1 Cao Cv Ciic l U i t idyisa dyng bii tip liivc Sdmol; x.V^x.V -• 2x.V... + C O j 2009 NguySn Xuln Tnidng - Pli«in Tli) Anh Tii Uju ilil Sdmol: c->2x.V->2x.V diritng hpc sinh gidl mdn H6a h^c • tmng hfc phi C05- + Mg''*->MgC03i thdng NXB Bui lu>c quic gia Hd W, 2011