KINH T E X A HOI THirC TRANG LUU HOC SINH LAM THEM TAI NHAT BAN PHdN CAO NHAI ANH Tom tat Trong nhirng ndm trd lgi ddy, sd luang liru hpe sinh tgi Nhdt Bdn gia tdng mgnh me do chinh sdch thu hiu hpe s[.]
KINH T E - X A HOI THirC TRANG LUU HOC SINH LAM THEM TAI NHAT BAN PHdN CAO NHAI ANH- Tom tat: Trong nhirng ndm trd lgi ddy, sd luang liru hpe sinh tgi Nhdt Bdn gia tdng mgnh me chinh sdch thu hiu hpe sinh sinh viin ciia Nhdt Bdn Ben canh viec hpe tap cdc liru hoc sinh cdn tham gia ldm them di ddm bdo cudc sdng ddt dd tgi Nhdt Liru hoc sinh chit yeu tham gia vdo cdc cdng viic dich vii linh virc khdng ddi hdi chuyen mdn qud cao Cd the eho rdng liru hgc sinh Id mpt ngudn lao ddng bd sung sif thiiu hut nhdn lire xd hdi Nhdt Bdn hien Tir khoa: Nhdt Bdn, Luu hgc sinh, Ldm them, Lao dflng, Nguon nhan lyc So Iiro'ng lu'u hoc sinh tai Nhat Ban gia tang Trong vdi thfip ky trfl Igi ddy, sfl Iugng luu hoc sinh tai Nhdt Ban gia lang lien tuc Tai thdi diem thdng ndm 2004, thflng kd cho thay cd 117.302 luu hgc sinh dang hgc tap tai Nhfit Bdn Con so ndy tidp tyc cd xu hudng gia tang thdi gian tfli So sanh vfli 500.000 luu hoc sinh tgi My thi sd Iugng ngudi hgc Ifip tgi Nhgt Bdn khflng phai Id nhidu, nhung ndu bidl rang nam 1983 mfli chi cd 10.000 luu hgc sinh tgi Nhgl thi ro rdng dfiy Id sy gia lang rat dang kd Ly gidi eho qud trinh gia lang mgnh me nay, cfiu trd lfli chufin xdc nhdt Id ehinh sdch cua Chinh phu Nhfit Ban Nam 1983, Nhfit Ban da dd kd hogch tidp nhdn 10.000 luu hgc sinh, va kd hogeh ndy dgt dugc sau 20 ndm Cu thd Id nam 2003, sfl Iugng luu hgc sinh da vugt qua 10.000 ngudi' ' ThS, Trung tam Nghifln cuu Nhat Ban, Vien Nghign cUu Dflng Bdc A ' H * t t t t p ^ | l A ® T S * Q & A , p.28 NGHIEN Cdu DONG BfiC fl SO 9(139) 9-2012 Nhidu nhd nghidn cuu ddn Nhfit Ban tfl ngd ngang bfli mac dii co so lugng Iuu hoc sinh ifln ddn nhu vay nhung khong nhan thfiy hp trdn duong phd Ly gidi thyc Id nay, CO the dua li sau: Khoang 80% Iuu hoc sinh la ngufli Trung Qudc vd Han Qudc, ndu chi nhin be ngoai nhttng luu hgc sinh thi khfl ma cfl the nhfin bidt dugc Ttt net mat den trang phuc ddu cd nhidu diem tuong dflng vdi ngudi Nhfil Ban Tai eac Irudng dai hgc, phfin Ifln luu hoe sinh la hoc vidn bac thac si hodc tidn si Cdng vide ehu ydu eua hp Id ty tim hidu theo hudng ddn cua gido su truflng ma khdng nhdt thiel phai ngdy ndo cung ddn Idp hgc Ddi vdi nhttng luu hoc sinh khong dugc nhdn hgc bdng loan phfin hodc ty phi, ihi lam them la mdt phdn tdt ydu cugc sdng thuflng nhdt cua hg Ngay sau kdt thue gid hoc, hp lap ttte den noi ldm thdm va vi vfiy hidm thay hg di lai nhan nhd 35 Nghiin cihi khoa hoc trudng ho(ic tham gia cdc hogt dOng ngogi khda Nhttng luu hpe sinh cd gia dinh sd ehu trgng vipc ddnh thfli gian cho gia dinh S6ng tgi dat khdch qud ngufli It ngufli thdn, gia dinh lufln ngflng chfl hg vl sau kll thuc gid hpe Xem xdt sy phdn bo luu hgc sinh theo cdc trudng dgi hgc, ed thi nhjn thdy hdu hit cdc trudng s6 lugng luu hpe sinh deu tdng so vfli ndm trudc, dfl truflng Dai hpe Waseda Id noi cfl nhilu ngufli nudc ngodi theo hpe nhdt Bdng 1: So lu'p'ng liru hgc sinh c i a 20 trirA'ng dfi hpe ndm 2010 (trong ngo^c Id s6 lifu ndm 2009) Trviyng dai hpe Waseda Ritsumeikan Asian Taiheiyo Tokyo Nihonkeizai Kyusyu Tsukuba Osaka Kyoto Tohoku 10 Nagoya TT S& ngirdi 3.568 (3.114) 2.921 (2.786) 2.772 2.388 1.713 1.697 1.662 1.530 1.511 1.501 (2.473) (833) (1.509) (1.522) (1.509) (1.407) (1.344) (1.344) TT 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Tru'dng dai hgc Kokusikan Nihon S6 ngirM 1.311 (1.345) 1.264 (I.09I) Tokyo Kogyo Ritsumeikan Osakasangyo Keiogizyuku Takusyoku Hokkaido Kobe Chiba 1.247 (1.149) 1.243 (1.230) 1.212 (1.284) 1.187 (1.053) 1.166 (1.195) 1.162 (990) 1.146 (1.043) 1.068 (957) Nguon: Diiu Ira cua Id chirc JASSO Sfl lupng ngudi nudc ngodi hidn dang hpe tap tgi Nhdt Bdn dat mue ky luc ndm 2010 Theo sd lieu cua Td ehue hd trg sinh vidn Nhdt Bdn (JASSO), ed 141.774 sinh vidn nude ngodi ddn hoe tap tgi Nhgt Ban ndm 2010, tdng 6,8%, tue khodng hon 9.000 sinh vidn so vdi ndm 2009 (xem bdng 2) d ehidu ngugc lai, theo sd ligu thdng kd cua BO Gido dyc Nhat Bdn, sd sinh vidn Nhdt nude ngodi hgc tdp ttong ndm 2008 Id 66.833 sinh vidn, giam mtie ky lyc 11,1%, ttte Id it hon 8.323 sinh vien so vdi ndm truflc dfl Cdc quan chuc ngdnh gido dyc cho rdng sinh vien Nhfit Ban khflng mufln di du hgc la xu huflng huflng nOi fl gid'i trd Nhgt Ban Them vdo dfl la vigc cdt gidm chi phi gido dyc suy thodi kinh tl keo dai va sinh vien phdi bdt ddu tim kilm vigc lam sflm hon Bang 2: So Ivgng lini hpe sinh theo cac bdc hgc nSm 2010 so vfli nam 2009 Sau dgi hgc Dgi hgc, cao dang Cde trudng day nghd Dy bj dgi hgc 39.097 72.665 27.872 2.140 Tdng 10,4% Tdng 8,3% Gidm 0,2% Gidm 6,7% Ngudn: Diiu tra cua Id chiic JASSO 36 N G H I £ N c d u D d N G B^C ri s d 9(139) 9-2011 Nghien cAu khoa hqc Theo JASSO, tinh din 1/5/2010, du hgc sinh ngudi Trung Qudc dang dttng dfiu vdi khoang 86.173 ngudi dang hpe tgi Nhdt, chidm 60% ldng sfl sinh vidn qudc tl lgi Nhdt Ban Con sd ddnh dfiu mttc cao ky luc, ldng gfip 2,7 ldn so vdi thdp ky trudc Han Qudc dung thtt hai vfli 20.202 sinh vidn du hgc Nhdt Ban, tang 3% so vfli ndm trudc, tidp theo la Dai Loan vdi 5.297 sinh vidn, gidm nhp 0,7% (xem bdng 3) Sd lugng du hoc sinh Viet Nam dang hoc tai Nhdt Ban dang ngdy cang ldng eao, hidn cd ldng cpng 3.597 sinh vidn Viet hoc d ddt nuflc hoa anh ddo, ldng 12,4% so vfli ndm 2009 Nhdt Bdn da trfl thdnh mflt lua chpn ly tudng cho cdc bgn trd Vidl Nam cfl y djnh du hpe nuflc ngoai bdi ngodi net vdn hfla khd luang ddng thi Nhgl Ban cdn cfl ndn gido dyc lidn tidn, chdt lugng cao va mirc hpe phi, ehi phi sinh hoat lai tuong ddi rd hon so vfli ede nudc khdc nhu My, Anh Tuy nhidn, mflt didu khfl khdn cho cdc du bpc sinh Id phdi chudn bj vfln lidng Nhgl that tdt ndu mufln du hoc lgi Nhfit Bdn bfli da sfl cac Irudng dgi hgc d day ddu dgy bang tidng Nhgt Bang 3: Sd Iupng luu hoc sinh tai Nhiit Ban nam 2010 so voi nam 2009 Trung Quoc Han Quoc Dai Loan Viet Nam Malaysia 86.173 20.202 5.297 3.597 2.465 Tdng 9,0% Tdng 3,0% Giam 0,7% Tdng 12,4% Tang 2,9% Ngudn: Diiu tra cda td cliirc JASSO Trong long sd sinh vidn nudc ngoai du hgc Nhdt Ban, khodng 92,4% sinh vidn ddn lu khu vye Chfiu A, sinh vidn ddn ttt Chdu Au chidm 3,1%, vd 1,9% sinh vidn ddn tu Bae My Vide Trung Qude dung ddu vd sd sinh vidn du hgc tgi Nhdt Bdn phii hop vdi xu huflng tuong ty fl My Ndm 2009, Trung Quflc da vugt qua An Do, trd thdnh nudc cfl lugng sinh vidn du hoc My dflng nhdt Didu ndy phdn dnh rdng Trung Qufle vdi ndn kinh te khdng Id dang rfit chu trgng ddn vide ddo tao sinh vien d nudc ngodi khia egnh khde, cfl y kiln cho rdng vide sd lugng ngudi Trung Qudc cd ttinh dai hpe ngdy edng tdng cao dd khidn cho nhidu ngudi edng cd gdng phdt tridn cde co hgi nghd nghidp d NGHIEN Cda OdNG BflC ri sd 9(139) 9-2012 nuflc ngodi de cfl the thdnh cdng edng cuflc tim vide khac nghiet fl que nhd Trong tuong lai, sfl lugng luu hoc sinh se tiep tye tang bfli Chinh phu Nhfit Ban da cd kd hogch tdng sfl lugng sinh vidn quoc td tgi nude ndy len khoang 300.000 sinh vidn vdo nam 2020, dflng thfli hfl trg ngudn ldi ehinh cho nhiing trudng dgi hpe tidp nhfin sinh vidn qude Id Ngay 29/7/2008, kd hoach "300.000 luu hoc sinh" da duge trinh bdy tgi mOt cudc hpp nOi cde eua Chinh phu Nhgl Bdn, vdi sy tham gia eua eac bd nhu Bd Giao dyc - Vdn hda - Thi thao - Khoa hpe vd Cdng nghe, Bp Ngogi giao, Bd Tu phap, Bfl Kinh td - Thuong mgi vd Cflng nghiep, Bp Lanh thfl - Giao thflng, dufli sy chu tri cua 37 Nghiin cihi khoa hqc thli tuflng Uc dfl Id dng Fukuda Kl hogch Id mOt phdn chiln luge phdt triln todn cdu nhdm ddp ttng nhu edu cOa Nh§t Bdn ttong viOe mfl rOng ddng chdy nguin nhdn lye, tidn tO, hdng hfla vd thflng tin fl khu vyc Chfiu A cung nhu Irdn thi gifli Theo dfl, kl hogch cung huflng tfli xfiy dyng, dflng gflp tri tuO, tri thtte eho quie tl thdng qua chiln luge gidnh duge nhttng sinh vidn quflc tl xudt sdc Lull hgc sinh tham gia lyc Iugng Iao dpng Cdc khdo sat cho thdy vdn dl khd khdn nhdt md luu hpe sinh phdi dli m^t hgc tai Nhdt Bdn Id vdn dd kinh tl^ Ngudn tdi ehinh cua Iuu hpe sinh Id tu hpe bdng hodc tu phi (do cha me cung cdp vd ty di ldm thdm) Dl phdn tich rfl hem cfl thi tim hilu cdc dgng ngudn tdi ehinh eua luu hgc sinh nhu sau Luu hpe sinh qudc phi: Ddy Id nhitng ngudi nhdn hpe bdng tu Bd Vdn hda Gido dye Nhdt Bdn Hang thdng, ngodi tidn hpe phi, nhirng sinh vien bfie dgi hgc dugc nhgn 14 van yen, nghidn cim sinh bae thge si hodc tiln si nhdn khodng 18 vgn ydn (tuy theo tinh hinh mdi ndm, sd cd the thay ddi chut it) Ngodi ra, chi phi ddn Nhdt Bdn vd vd nuflc kit thuc khda hgc cung dugc chi ttd CuOc sdng cua luu hpe sinh dgng duge ddm bao nhung sd lugng khdng nhidu Dilu tra ndm 2004 cho thdy cd 9.806 luu hpe sinh qufle phi, chidm 10% tong sd liru hgc sinh, cdn phdn Ifln luu hpe sinh di hpe bdng ngufln tu phi Luu hpe sinh tu phi: So vdi liru hgc sinh qudc phi, cuOc sflng cua luu hpe sinh tu phi vdt vd hon rdt nhilu Cfl nhttng ngufli dupe cha mp ehu cdp ddy du mgi khodn tiln, nhung phdn Ifln Id dgng di Idm them dl ttang trdi hgc phi vd sinh hogt hdng ngdy Cung efl nhttng hinh thtte hgc blng ddnh cho luu hpe sinh tu phi nhtmg vfli xu huflng gia ldng mgnh mS sd lugng luu hgc sinh, cfl the noi nhttng hlnh thtte hpe blng ndy Id qud il Luu hgc sinh chinh phii cung cdp hgc' bdng: Cy thi Id chinh phO cac nuflc Malaysia, Indonesia, Thdi Lan, Singapore, A rfip, Kuwait, Uzbekistan, Ldo, Viet Nam, Campuchia, Mdng cd, Myanmar, Banglades, Hdn Quic cung cdp hpe bong cho sinh vien du hpe tgi Nhfit Bdn Sd lugng Iuu hgc sinh dang ndy it, chi cfl 1.906 ngudi theo didu Ira ndm 2004' Qua tim hilu thyc td doi sdng cila Itm hpe sinh, ed thi thdy nhDng hgc sinh du hgc bdng tu phi cd cuOe sdng vdt vd, hp khdng ed lien phdi tich cyc di lam thdm, tidt kipm ttong chi tidu hdng ngdy dd dam bdo mOt cuflc song lfli thilu Nhttng sinh vien duge nhdn hpe bflng todn phdn thi cfl mflt cuflc sflng tuong dfli dd chju, cfl the todn tdm todn y eho cdng vide hpe tgp, nhung nhQng sinh vien dpg ndy ehi ehiem mOt phan nhfl Duong nhidn d ddy khdng dd cgp ddn nhttng sinh vidn nhd gidu, hang thdng dugc cha mp eung cdp ddy du ttt tidn hgc phi ddn chi tidu hdng Thgm chi cd nhflng ngudi di hgc bdng xe hoi logi ddt tidn, sdng ttong nhflng ngfli nhd day du tiOn nghi Nha nghidn ciiu Takamatst^ Satoshi ( B fe S ) cua truflng Dgi hgc Kyusyu dd ke cau chuyOn rdng, dng den Indonesia vdo thdm nhd mflt ngufli nguydn la = H * © ^ H A S : * : * * * ! * i afflFJia, p57 'H*l;ffitf^lIAB*4Q&A, p.44 38 NGHIEN cdu OdNG B^C ri, Sd 9(139) 9-20U Nghiin cihi khoa hqc lira hpe sinh tgi Nhgt Bdn vd ngd ngdng vd muc dg gidu efl cua gia dinh Nhdt Bdn Id quflc gia cfl vdt gid ddt nhdt the gifli, khoang edch kinh tl so vdi hdu hit cdc qufle gia Chdu A cfln lgi Id rdt Ifln Ngufli ta tinh rdng dl efl mOt mttc sflng tfli thidu bao gflm tiln thud nhd, tidn dn uflng sinh hogt hdng ngay, cdn mdt thang khodng van yen Neu bd mp khdng phdi Id gia dinh gidu efl thi khflng thi ehu edp cho luu hgc sinh khodn tiln ndy hdng thdng Dfl Id chua kl tiln hgc phi vd nhttng khodn tiln phat sinh khde Cde didu tra vl cuOc sing cua luu hgc sinh JASSO tiln hdnh cho thdy chi phi trung binh cua I liru hgc sinh khodng 138.000 yen mflt thdng (tiiy theo bfie hgc vd vung sinh sing md efl sy khde nhau, xem bdng vd 5) Bang 4: Chi phi cho cupc sing cda lull hpe sinh ndm 2009 so vdi ede ndm trude Dan vj: nghin yen Trung binh thang Nam 2007 Nam 2005 B^c tiln sT B$c tli^c sy ChuySn mon sau d^i HQC Dtrbi sau d^i 136 127 153 130 128 146 127 127 D^i hoc ngSn Trir&ng chuyen mon Trung binb 151 149 138 131 133 150 138 109 137 151 136 B9C d9i hpe Dybj d^i bpc 113 136 123 111 140 138 134 IlQC Ngudn: Dieu tra cua JASSO Bang 5: So sanh chi phi giCra cac vung Dan vi: nghm yen Nam 2009 Nam 2007 Nam 2005 Trung Hokkaido Tohoku Kanto Tyubu Kinki Tyugoku Sikoku Kyusyu Tokyo 114 110 154 127 134 118 111 114 160 138 118 111 152 132 133 121 100 115 155 138 122 Ul 150 124 134 120 110 110 154 136 binb Nguon: Diiu tra cua JASSO Smh hoat phi ddt dfl ndn Iuu hgc sinh tai Nhgt Bdn buOc phai di Idm them Dilu tra nam 2009 cua JASSO v l thyc ttgng di ldm them cua luu hgc sinh tgi Nhdt Ban phdn dnh ro thyc tl ndy Cfl nhttng luu hgc sinh efl the NGHIEN Cdu DdNG BlIc A Sd 9(139) 9-2012 ty tra tiln hoc phi vd chi phi hdng ngdy nhung ddi lai cuOc sdng cua hp hodn todn khflng cfl sy ranh rfli, thdm chi lufln ttong sy mOt mfli 39 Nghiin cihi khoa hqc Bang 6: Ti I9 Iiru hgc sinh di Idm them ndm 2009 06 ldm thdm 4.531 75.5 80.9 84.4 Sd ngudi Ti 1? (%) Ndm 2007 (%) Ndm 2005 (%) Khfing Idm them 1.428 23,8 18.2 15,6 Khdng r5 Tongso 45 0.7 0,9 6.004 100.0 100.0 100.0 Nguon: Diiu tra ciia JASSO Sd lipu bdng trdn cho thay so lugng luu hoc sinh di lam thdm chidm mOl li Ip Ifln (75.5%) Tuong quan gitta vipc luu hgc sinh di lam them vd logi irudng dang Iheo hpe khdng cd khdc bipl ldn (bdng 7) Cd thd noi ldm them Id mOt phdn tdt ydu Irong euOc song, the hipn tinh dOc lgp vd ty chii vl kinh Id cua Iuu hpe sinh tgi Nhgt Bdn Bang 7: So sdnh ti If luu hgc sinh Idm them vd loai trvdng So nguoi Ti le (%) Nam 2007 (%) Nam 2005 (%) Dai hoc Dgi hgc ngdn Tdng Qudc Cdng Tulgp han so lap lap 72 722 112 2.376 3.210 72 75,2 79,4 63.7 79.4 89,1 80,8 85.2 67.8 84,9 88,9 83,5 87.6 72.0 79,1 Truflng Khdng Tdng chuydn so ro mdn 1.249 4.531 75,5 76.3 84.2 80.9 80.5 86.4 84.4 86.9 Ngudn: Dieu Ira ciia JASSO Vd mat hinh thire, luu hgc sinh ddn Nhdt Bdn Id dd hgc lap, khdng phdi vfli mye dich khdc chtt khflng phdi di ldm dd ddnh tidn va gtti vd nha di Idm dd kidm lidn nhung thyc Id ngodi hpe (3) Khflng lam cdc cdng vipc xdu dnh Ifip Iuu hgc sinh dugc phep di lam Theo qui hudng ddn thudn phong my tyc, tap qudn va djnh, luu hgc sinh dugc lam them 28 gifl mgt tu cdeh dgo dtte eua du hpe sinh tudn, phdi cfl sy dflng y eua nhd truflng vd thfla mdn edc didu kidn sau dfiy: (1) Khdng ldm anh huflng ddn vide hgc (2) Mye dich cua vipc di ldm thdm la danh tien trang trdi hgc phi vd edc chi phi edn thilt 40 (4) Khdng lam cdc cong vide nhu buon bdn ede mdt hdng tidu dung v.v Cd nhidu logi hinh cdng vide ma luu hoc sinh ed thd Idm nhu ITnh vyc giang day, vdn phflng, lao dOng ndng, lao dOng nhe vd cdc cdng vide chuydn mdn ddc thu (xem bdng 8) NGHIEN cdu OdNG B^C ti sd 9(139) »40U Nghiin cihi khoa hoc Bang 8: Cac logi hinh vipc Idm thdm ciia lu' 11 hpe sinh Giang d^y van pliong Lao dpng nhf Quan Cay Phan Chuyen ly t6a Gia Ngoai Hoc Trg Thong Ke Don Bao sir ngtt tbem ly thudng todn dfP Vf S6 ngtrcri 143 297 60 334 134 22 163 11 69 24 Ti le (%) 3,2 6,6 1,3 7.4 3,0 0.5 3,6 0,2 0,1 0.2 1,5 0,5 3,8 10,5 0,8 5,9 1.2 4,0 0,4 0,3 0,4 2,2 0,5 3,6 8,9 0,6 5.3 0,9 5,9 0.4 0,1 0.4 2,7 M Nam 2007 (%) Nam 2005 (%) Bien Khu Djch v|i an uong Ban Ll hang tan In an xuat ban xSng phit phit Ky nang chuyen mon Lao dpng n$ng Lao dgng nhf nha Xay V|n vyc Kho djch, dirng chuyen san hang thong dich xuat Quan Thiet trj ked6 mang hoa Khac So nguofi 2.345 1.154 311 13 14 161 39 170 26 20 133 Ti le (%) 51,8 25.5 6.9 0,3 0,2 0,3 3.6 0,9 3,8 0,6 0,4 2,9 55,1 17.8 0.3 0,3 0,4 4,6 1,0 1,7 1,1 9,7 55,0 16,5 0,9 0.3 0,2 4,4 0,9 1,7 0,3 4,5 Nam 2007(%) Nam 2005(%) Ngudn: Diiu Ira cita JASSO Cd the thdy rdng luu hoc sinh ehu ydu ldm thdm tgi cdc ngdnh djch vy dn udng va bdn hang, il ngudi tham gia vdo cdc ngdnh lao dpng ngng hoac ddi hdi ky ndng chuydn mfln dac thu Theo Thdng bdo vi linh trgng viee ldm cua ngudi lao ddng nudc ngodi, sfl nhung ngudi nuflc ngodi cfl ehd dO cu tni la sinh vidn dgi hpe vd dy bj dai hpe dang ldm vide theo gidy phep thye hidn cac cflng vide khdc ngodi chl dO cu trii, 48,6% dang NGHltN Cdo OdNG B^C fl sd 9(139) 9^2012 ldm vide tgi khach sgn hoac cdc ngdnh dich vu dn udng, 22,5% ldm vide cdc co sd bdn bufln vd ban Id vd 5,1% ldm vide ITnh vuc chl tgo Didu ndy eung dd hidu bfli ngdnh djch vy fl mOt nuoc phdt tridn nhu Nhdt Bdn chidm ti Id ldn vd nhttng cdng vide md luu hoc sinh ldm khdng ddi hfli Irinh dp qua cao Mat khdc, ddn sfl Nhfit Bdn dang gid hfla, lyc lugng lao dOng bj thilu hut dang Id mfli 41 Nghiin cvcu khoa hqc lo nggi dfli vfli Nhdt Bdn tuong lai Nhttng sfl lipu thflng kd cho ihay, ndm 2010 Nhfil Bdn thilu khodng 3.700.000 ngudi lao dOng, ndm 2015 khodng 8.700.000 ngudi vd ddn ndm 2020 sfl ndy sd Id 12.200.000 ngudi" Bfli vdy, cfl Ihl ndi luu hgc sinh nhu Id mOt ngudn nhfin lyc bu ddp sy thidu hyt lao dpng, dfic bipt Id cdc cflng vipc gidn dan, lgi Nhfil Ban hidn ikl LI$U THAM KHAO •^^hm.(iii^y),s*i^mti'fi-mAa^i Q&A WtttilliStt V-/iS:2l ¥/s»»^aAS^^&sn M uM ^ 9t S , htlp://www.jasso.go.jp/scho larship/ryujchosa21 html 1, ¥/i^22 ¥/s^mAS^^&m^Bm ^ M M http://www.jasso.go.jp/statislics/ intl_studenl/dalal O.html Thong bdo vi Tmh hinh Vifc tdm ciia ngudi lao dgng nudc ngodi, Bg Y te, Lao dpng vd Phue lgi xd hpi Nhat Ban (cuoi thdng 10 nam 2009) Tuy nhidn, cung phdi nhin nhfin thdy mdl trdi ctia vdn dd ldm thdm cila luu hpe sinh Cflng vide ldm them qua bgn rfln vd vdt vd, nhidu luu hpe sinh khflng dfim bdo dugc gifl hpe trdn lflp Cfl ngufli thuflng xuydn ddn muOn, thfim chi khdng ddn ldp Hg khdng cd ^g»s](2011).ff-?f»>y/i'y(«'#^du thdi gian dd tham gia edc hogt dflng ngogi khda nhu nhttng sinh vidn Nhdt Bdn khdc, gid hgc vua kdl Ihiic Id vfli vang ddn noi lam 'J^lfSeii (2008) ^mAS^M^SlfA thdm Nhidu sinh vien ed ndng lye nhung tlli B ^ 1^ V ^ 1^ i- ^ Yosensha di lam thdm md kdt qud hgc tap khdng cfl sy Paperbacks tidn tridn Ngoai khflng it truflng hgp ddn Nhdt Ban du hpe ehi Id dd efl visa luu tni, efln mye dieh ehinh Id di ldm thdm kilm tiln Khdng phai ngdu nhidn md cde to roi tuydn du hoc sinh lufln nhfin mgnh ddn vifc luu hpe sinh efl thd di lam thdm Hipn nay, sfl lugng hpe sinh Viet Nam sang Nhfit Ban du hgc ngdy cdng tdng vd rat nhieu eflng ly huflng tdi linh vye du hgc dd ndm bdt xu huong ndy, do vdn dd ldm thdm ciia luu hgc sinh edn duge nhin nhdn thdu dao hon ntta J1-aA5if«J«S:ltAftllB*t#'>(c-r5, pl04 42 NGHIEN Cdu OdNG BflC A sd 9(139) 9-2011 ... sd sinh vidn nudc ngoai du hgc Nhdt Ban, khodng 92,4% sinh vidn ddn lu khu vye Chfiu A, sinh vidn ddn ttt Chdu Au chidm 3,1%, vd 1,9% sinh vidn ddn tu Bae My Vide Trung Qude dung ddu vd sd sinh. .. sd sinh vidn Nhdt nude ngodi hgc tdp ttong ndm 2008 Id 66.833 sinh vidn, giam mtie ky lyc 11,1%, ttte Id it hon 8.323 sinh vien so vdi ndm truflc dfl Cdc quan chuc ngdnh gido dyc cho rdng sinh. .. sdng cua luu hpe sinh dgng duge ddm bao nhung sd lugng khdng nhidu Dilu tra ndm 2004 cho thdy cd 9.806 luu hpe sinh qufle phi, chidm 10% tong sd liru hgc sinh, cdn phdn Ifln luu hpe sinh di hpe bdng