NGHIEN CUU & LTNG DUNG HlTCfNG D A N CHO SINH VIEN SlT PHAM TlT REN LUYEN KY NANG DAY HOC VOfi SlT HO TRd CUA E LEARNING 1 Tu hoc va hudng dan tu hoc trong day hoc theo hoc che tin chi Hge la mot boat[.]
NGHIEN CUU & LTNG DUNG HlTCfNG D A N CHO SINH VIEN SlT PHAM TlT REN LUYEN KY NANG DAY HOC VOfi SlT HO TRd CUA E-LEARNING TS Van Thi Thanh Nhung Tru&ng DHSP - DHHui Tu hoc va hudng dan tu hoc day hoc theo hoc che tin chi Hge la mot boat ddng dac trung ciia ngudi, dd, ngudi hge ddng vai trd ehil the va tri thiic khoa hge la ddi tugng de chiem ITnh Ban chat ciia boat dgng hoc la sy chiem linh tri thiic khoa hge cua ngudi hge Tuy vao hanh dgng chiem ITnh tri thiic cua ngudi hge ma boat ddng hge cd cac trang thai: hge thy ddng va hge chu ddng Ty hge la hinh thiic hge tap chii ddng dd, ngudi hge ty minh sir dung cac nang lye tu de chiem ITnh mot ITnh vye tri thirc nao Trong qua trinh ty hge, ngudi hge ty giac, tich eye, chii dgng chiem ITnh tri thiic khoa hge nham chiem ITnh, cai biln tri thiic nhan loai, bien tri thiic nhan loai tri thirc ciia chinh minh Nhu vay, boat dgng day hge du d hinh thiic dao tao nao thi qua trinh hge ciing bao ham tinh ty hge Lau nay, hirih thiic dao tao theo nien chi, giang vien len ldp thudng cd mong mudn trang bi cho sinh vien (SV) that nhieu kien thiic va ky nang can thiet cho mdn hge, SV dugc trang bi bai giang, giao trinh va nhiing trang thiet bi can thiet cho viec hge tap va tra ciiu Thai gian ty hge ciia SV chii yeu la nghien ciiu bai giang, lam tieu luan, bai tap Idn hoac cac bai tap semina Tuy nhien, nhiing yeu cau tren khdng dugc thyc hiSn nhat quan, phu thudc vao yeu cau eua timg mdn hge va sy dieu khien cua timg giang vien Tham chi, nhieu SV i lai vao bai giang giang vien cung cap, bi ddng nghien ciiu va tim tdi, boat ddng hge nhieu cdn mang tinh ddi phd Hien nay, cac trudng dai hge dang ddi mdi dao tao theo hge che tin chi, ty hge khdng nhiing la tieu chi danh gia ma cdn la nhiem vu ciia mdi SV, dd, qua trinh td chiic day hge, can uu tien hudng dan boat dgng ty hoc: tang cudng td chire, trgng tai, hudng dan ciia giang vien, phat huy ty hge, ty nghien cim va lam viec hgp tac cimg SV; tang boat dgng tim kiem, kham pha tri thiic, giam tdi thieu hinh thiic day hge dgc chep va ghi nhd thdng tin Viec trang bi cho SV that nhieu kien thirc khdng cdn hap dan ma quan trgng hgn ca la SV phai tim tdi, kham pha de ITnh hdi tri thiic Vi vay dao tao dien tir la mdi trudng thuan lgi hd trg rat tdt cho SV boat ddng hge tap Dao tao dien tir (ELearning) Dao tao dien tu (Electronic Learning, viet tat la E-learning) la mot thuat ngu dung de md ta viec hge tap, dao tao dya tren cong nghe thdng tin va truyen thdng E-leaming bao gdm tat ca cac hinh thirc dien tii ho trg cho viec giang day He thing cdng nghe thdng tm pliuc vu nhu mdt phuang tien Ngd}- nhdn bdi 11/6/2012: Ngdy duyel ddng 25/9/2012 20 • TAP CHI THIFT BI GIAO DUC - SO 86 -10/2012 tmyen thdng de thyc hien qua trinh hge tap Hien cd rat nhieu each bieu ve E-leaming Hieu theo nghTa rgng, E-leaming la mdt thuat ngii dimg de md ta viec hge tap, dao tao dya tren edng nghe thdng tin va trayin thdng Hieu theo nghTa hep, E-leaming la sy phan phat eac ndi dung hge tap sit dung cac phuang tien dien tir va mang vien thdng Trong dd ngj dung hge tap chii yeu dugc s6 hda; ngudi day va ngudi hpc cd the giao tiep vdi qua mang dudi cac hinh thiic nhu: e-mail, thao luan tryc tuyen (chat), dien dan (foram), hdi thao tryc tuyen (online conference) Trong day hge d bac dai hge, md hinh dao tao theo hpc che tin chi lam tang them co hdi cho S V phat trien nang luc hge tap ca nhan De td chiic va quan ly tdt quy thdi gian ty hge cua SV, E-leaming la mdi tradng hge tap tich eye ho trg tot cho phuang phap hpc truyen thdng Vdi tinh tuong tac cao dya tren multimedia, E-leaming tao dieu kien cho ngudi hge trao ddi thdng tin de dang ban, ciing nhu dua ngi dung hge tap phii hgp vdi kha nang va sd thich ciia timg ngudi, rat thich hgp cho viec dao tao d bac dai hge Hudng dSn cho SV tu ren luyen ky nang day hoc vdi su- hS tro- cua E-learning Day va hge cac mdn hge nghiep vu la hoat dgng chuyen biet, dac thii ciia cac NGHIEN CUU&Ut^G DUNG II trudng Dai hge su pham nham ren luyen ky nang va nang lye nghi nghiep cho SV Thyc hien md hinh dao tao theo hge che tin chi, SV rat thuan lgi viec thyc hien boat ddng ty hge, nhien hoat dgng ren luyen ky nang day hge gap nhieu khd khan Canj)hai khang dinh rang vdi mdi each hoc, phuang phap day hge deu cd nhOng uu - nhugc diem khac Vdi nhung uu diem cua each day hge traySn JJidng va nhirng tinh nang ndi trdi cua E-leaming, cd thi ket hgp hai phuang phap de nang cao hieu qua dao tao, nhat la ren luyen ky nang nghe cho SV a Thiit ki bdi gidng E-leaming Bai giang E-leaming la bai giang phyc vu cho viec ty hoc cua SV Giang vien tuong tac vdi SV gian tilp thdng qua mdi tradng CNTT Nhu vay, bai giang E-leaming chiia dyng yeu td hudng dan ty hge (hinh 1) SV dugc gqi y, hudng din, Hinh 2: Khoa hoc PPDHKTNL2 minh hga bang cac vi dy dugc thuc hien tren trang E-leamMac du SV tryc tilp nghien ing DHSP Hue eiiu bai giang vang mat giang va phai cd mat ma ngudi dimg vien, nhung thyc chat^ giang giang vien cung cap SV vien tham gia hudng dan gian ciing cd the ty nghien ciiu bai tiep bai giang Do dd, dl giang E-leamuig tir Website thiet ke bai giang E-leaming, giang vien thiet kl, dugc giang vien phai mat nhieu phan phdi tryc trayen qua thdi gian va tam huylt Ben mang hay dimg offline qua canh dd, de tao mdt khda CD-ROM (hinh 3) hge E-leaming ddi hdi phai cd Trong day hge cd phdi hgp ddi ngii chuyen gia cdng nghe sii dung E-leaming, giang vien va kha nang thiet ke, tao bai cd the xuat hien dudi dang ao giang E-leaming cua dgi ngii hay thyc ndi dung day hge Hoat ddng cua giang Quy luft sinh trirb'ng va phit due ciia vitt nuai • thiiy san vien bao gdm: - Len ke hoach hge tap cu Khai n ^ ve sinh InroTig thi, giao bai tap cho hge sinh, 0^ Irinh bay l;i^ '.hue bai 22 3JPC nach be, Irjdc 1^1 ci^o VT^T p i i H thing imi cic KlSi n^rr sinh S V de cd the gap nhaufraoddi Quy iua:^rh tfucng va t g l S l i i C glial W» lru»n]'Janh,£jTiiHiCw khii rii-n rao * :iii im nSo a c3n im tryc tiep hoac qua dien dan phal due ciia v^litufitcho dam bao t m he tnoig va chat ciie hge tap Td chire nhiing budi hdi Khi day khai nitai silh mine, GV Wnj can ph5 i iinh tiSii khai n & l Vi khai nSm ray HS di drac her GV chi rSr in HS nhS: lai vS bS sung 6i chat li^n khai n^n cho hcjr ci'rh thao, thao luan qua mang hoac Khi piia; tn4i khai msni sinh tning can nhin manh cac daj h i ^ tryc tiep tai ldp dudi sy chii tri - TSng khoi luorig l i kieh tnjcc c*c ctiu coa CO Ihi vJI i j j ciia giang vien LS, d*n vi du \i Bng kleb tnucc eac ch^i :pua cac tai l*o i phic t a o ; i Tao mdt Room fren mang fis cu toi tos tog dia hrfj gio I'sn p i i r.iu« da le ting Wc* tmtnw larg ckit di, Ssn ang H dl giang vien va tit ca cac hoc CliMjfc^Mit' =ng frang /lang nga/, 'ist^ Sangjui*, cno hoc snh n.ian d: de tfiy iivc dia t:^j pan chiF cja ^ai ni4n ••"''nuw vien cd the tuang tac tryc tiep ^j3f tea rii dung ^/lai ni^rr({^mj) hQjT) (chat, voice chat nhieu ngudi) W)3fn/ffnvep/i3fdjjc ~ ~ - Kiem fra, danh gia, phan Khioha:tn^ikhainemci-atdue cinnSnducr:3VtheoI'inh:i;saiL , Hinh 1: Bdi gidng E-Leaming thiet ke theo hu&ng tu hoc hdi de SV cd the ty hoan thien kien thiic hay ky nang Bai D I thilt ke bai^ giang giao vien kiem fra cd the thyc hien fren b To chicc hpc tap trin mdi ldp hay fren may tinh Cd the E-leaming, trade hit can phan biet vdi khai niem bai giang tru&ng E-Leaming sir dung cdng cu thu dien tii de De td chiic hge tap lien lac, frao ddi, ndp bai tap diln tu (BGDT): BGDT la toan bg bai mdi tradng E-leaming, SV (hinh 4) giang, kl hoach len ldp dugc phai dang ky vao khda hge Hoat ddng ciia SV bao Multimedia hda va dugc sii giang vien tao tren mang gom: dyng cho ngudi giao vien len tryc tuyln (hinh 2) D I dang Dang ky khda hge, thyc ldp, ed sy tuang tac tryc tiep k^ vao khda hge S V phai dugc hien ke hoach hge tap theo cho phep ciia trinh duyet vien yeu cau mdn hge giila thiy va trd TAP CHI THIFTBI GIAO DUC-SO 86-10/2012 • 21 Ill NGHIEN CUU&U>IG DUNG ffiUtMirH^YBQClfTBQ^NfiNGLi^V SL-J^i,; 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II •• - : •.>^•'• •• ' • ^ i i can W s i j u i r i L i t ' *• :•=;: i=*bi6 F6C l e — s.;si' Hinh 4: Sinh vien ldm bdi tap vd trao doi thong tin qua eMail - Ty nghien ciiu bai giang, thyc hien ty hge, ty nghien ciiu theo ndi dung hge tap mdn hge - Tang cudng hge nhdm, thao luan nhdm, lam viec theo nhdm va thyc hien eac dy an hge tap theo nhdm Ty kilm fra, ty danh gia va ty hoan thien ky nang qua frao ddi nhdm va qua phan hdi cua giang vien Khd khan nhit frong day hge cac mdn hge nghiep vu la phai danh gia, dieu chinh cac ky nang day hoc Trong md hinh day hge kit hgp sir dung E-leaming, giang vien nen 22 thyc hien cac md hmh giao due d cac bac phd thdng Giao due dang timg budc chuyen minhfrongxu thi hdi nhap eua dat nude ddi hdi SV su pham phai bat kip vdi tien frinh ddi mdi E-leaming la cdng cu tryc trayen hd frg rat tdt cho qua trinh ty hge cua SV SV tradng cd kha nang hudng dan cho hge sinh ty hge, ty md rdng kien thuc, ky nang mdi tradng toan cau hoa Day la yeu cau cap thiet frong ddi mdi ndi dung va phuang phap day hge d phd thdng hien hudng dan cho SV each chiem linh cac tri thiic cua ky nang Viec thyc hanh cae ky nang nen uu tien frong ldp hge cd mat giang vien Mat du ren luyen ky nang ca sii dung phuang phap "thu- sai", nhung nen ban che dung phuang phap ren luyen ky nang day hoc, nham han che nhiing thdi quen khdng tdt cua SV qua trinh len ldp Ket luan Chit lugng dao tao d cac tradng su pham la van de duac xa hdi quan tam nhieu nhat bdi lien quan din chat lugng ciia GV, nhung ngudi tryc tiep • TAP CHITHIETBI GIAO DUC-SO 86-10/2012 Tai lieu tham khao van Thi Thanh Nhung, Dgc diim, cdu true cua tdi lieu hu&ng ddn tu hpe theo hu&ng ren luyen ky ndng dixy hpc ky thudt ndng nghiep, Tap chi Giao due, Tradng DHSP Hul, sd 1/2008 Nguyln Canh Toan (Chii bien), Qud trinh dgy - Tu hpc, NXB Giao due, 2001 http://en.'wikipedia.org/ yyiki/E-leaming Summary Today, the university fraining school credit institutions, however, the management guidelines of self-study is very difficult E-leaming is a favorable environment for a very good support for leaming credits institutional study This paper refers to the organizational guidelines for self-study offrainingskills base on E-leaming ... bien), Qud trinh dgy - Tu hpc, NXB Giao due, 2001 http://en.''wikipedia.org/ yyiki /E- leaming Summary Today, the university fraining school credit institutions, however, the management guidelines... of self-study is very difficult E- leaming is a favorable environment for a very good support for leaming credits institutional study This paper refers to the organizational guidelines for self-study... ciing cd the ty nghien ciiu bai tiep bai giang Do dd, dl giang E- leamuig tir Website thiet ke bai giang E- leaming, giang vien thiet kl, dugc giang vien phai mat nhieu phan phdi tryc trayen qua thdi