CHUYEN BE THIET BI DAY HOC TU LAM DO DONG DAY HOC TO LAM BO DO DONG BE BONG Bing Thj TUy l̂ H6ng, Nguyfin HUa Kigu Hoa Tru&ng mam non Ttioi Tha, Hdi Chdu, Dd Nang ThS TrSn Yen Mai Viin Khoa hpc Gido d[.]
CHUYEN BE THIET BI DAY HOC TU LAM DO DONG DAY HOC TO LAM: BO DO DONG BE BONG Bing Thj TUy^l H6ng, Nguyfin HUa Kigu Hoa Tru&ng mam non Ttioi Tha, Hdi Chdu, Dd Nang ThS TrSn Yen Mai Viin Khoa hpc Gido dgc Vift Nam SUMMARY Drag the shadow kit is designed as a double-sided easel, made entirely of wood materials, techniques easy to make, low cost Two sides ofthe canvas may vary by different boards are drilled many holes on the size ofthe balls.Each board is used for the level of piety from easy to hard, serve many age helps children develop Preschool age is the ability to navigate in space, develop thinking diagrams, recognize right fi-om wrong, on ihe bottom, small to distinguish colors, deft skill development of arms control when dribbling wire into the hole, overcoming obstacles to enter the destination.Gadget also help teachers use to teach other activities such as teaching mathematics boards, scientific discovery, storytelling, visual, familiar with letters, set the bowl, writing to develop cognitive, train the senses and the coordination between hand and eye quick serve effectivelyfor children in grades to save a lot offitnds procurement equipped with teaching aids for schools and teachers Keywords: Preschool children, toyfitrniture, teaching equipment, how to use the kit and dribbling Ngdy nh$n bdi: 30/11/2015; Ngdy duyft ddng: 02/12/2015 LDItvlndl D I chai lfi ngudi bgn ddng hfinh thfin thilt cfta Vfi, lfi phuang tifn co bfin cho trfi chai mfi hpc D I chai dflng vai vd quan Vpng dli vdi sy phfit trien toan difn cfta trfi, nd la phuang tifn gifio dye cfl hifu qua cfic hogt dpng vui choi vfi hpc tfip cua tre Dd diing choi dgp va hap dan sfi kich thich sy hftng thu say mfi hpc tgp vfi vui choi cfta tre, giftp tre md rfng hilu biet ve the gidi xung quanh, hinh 1^ nfing, kJ xfio qufi Vinh hpc vfi choi Theo thft Vudng BO Gifio dye va Dfio tgo Nguyin Vinh Hiln: "Thilt bj dgy htjc ty lfim dfi gdp phin nang cao hifu qufi vifc dfli mdi phuang phfip truyln thy mOt chilu, tgo dpng lyc khuyin khich tu duy, sang tgo cua dOi ngfl GV va HS D I dftng, dl choi phal phft hpp vdi quy lugt phfit Viln VI tuf cfta tre d dfing dfl tuoi mdi cd tac dOng gdp phin hlnh thfinh vfi phfit Vifin Vi tuf d trfi Tuy nhien cfic dl dftng dd chcri nfiy phfii dupc thifit kl cho phft hpp vdi difn tich Iflp hpc, nh? nhfing vfi dupc cit gift d nhftng noi ma trfi cfl thl lya chpn dl dfing nhit Trong chuang Vinh GDMN, phfit Viln linh vyc nh§n thftc cho trfi qua vifc giftp trfi djnh huomg khflng gian, phfit viln tu sa dl, nh$n biet phai trfii, tren dudi tnrdc sau, phfin bift to nhd, mfiu sfic lfi dilu hit sftc can thiet phai dgy Vf Cftng vfli J nghi lfim thl nfio dl cfl dl dftng phyc vy cfic hogt dflng hpc vfi vui choi cfta trfi them thft, gfiy sy td md, thich thft? Lfim the nfio dfi tgo nhftng phuong tifn dgy hpc bl ich? Lfim thl nfio de giftp trfi hftng thu, tich cvc tham gia hogt dOng? Voi nhftng •^ nghT trfin trdfiy,chftng tdi dfi lly y" tuflrng tft chile gifi vg hai mfit dl thilt kl "Bf dung Re bflng" phyc vy cho cfic hogt dflng hpc vfi hogt dOng vui choi cfta trfi BO dl dftng Rfi bong dupc thilt ke nhu mpt cfii gifi vg hai mfit, dupc lfim bfing chit lifu gS k^ tiiufit, gifi thfinh thip Hal mfit ciia gifi vg cd thl thay dli bfing cfic tim bang khac dupc khoan nhieu l5 Vdn theo kich thudc cfta cfic qufi bdng, mli tim bfing dupc sft dyng cho mftc dO choi tft dl din khd, phyc vy cho nhilu dO tudi giup tre dfl tuli Mam non phat Vien dupc kha nfing djnh hudng khdng gian, phfit trien V.^ nfing kheo leo cfta ddi tay dilu khiln dfiy re bdng vfio lo, vupt qua chuflmg nggi vgt dfi vfio dich Ngoai vifc tl chftc cho trfi vui chcri, gifio vien cdn su dyng dCmg de dgy cfic hogt dOng khfic nhu: Lfim bfing dgy lara quen vdi Tofin, Khfim pha khoa hpc, Ke ehuyfn, tgo hinh, lam quen vdi chft cfii, t^p td, t^p vilt rit nhilu chftc nfing sft dyng cho cdng tfic dgy, hpc va choi, nen tilt kifm dupc nhllu kinh phi trang bj mua sfim dftng dgy hpc cho nhfi trudng vfi gifio vien Sft dyng rit tifn Ipi, giam dupc thdi gian cho gifio vien kht chuan bj dftng dgy hpc, dl choi cho trfi C6ng dyng, chuc nSng, vai trd ciia bp "Do dftng Re bdng" Bp dftng Re bdng giftp trf phfit triln khfi nfing TAP CHt THI^B[GlAO DMC-stf 124-12/2015 • 41 C H U Y E N D E THIET BI DAY HOC TU LAM dinh hudng Vong khflng gian Phfit Vien tu so do, ky nfing khfio leo cfta ddi tay dieu khifin dfiy rfi bdng vao lo Re bong giup tre phfin bift dp to - nhd va nhgn bifit mfiu sfic cua bdng Ngofii cfich chai Re bdng gifio vien cd the sft Budc 3: Lfim khoi chfta bdng dyng nhieu hinh thftc nhu: - Dung g§ ddng cfic khoi chfta bflng de re vfio + Thay bang ni dl sft dyng dgy tofin, chft cfii, lo cd kich thudc 10cm x 15 cm Dye rong diu de khfim phfi khoa hpc, kfi chi^rf n xuyen dfiy dilu khien + Thay bang meca dftng dgy vfi, tap td chft cai + To chftc cho tre vui choi Vong le - hfi - Bp dftng Re bdng dupc sft dyng dgy hpc cho trfi tft dfin tufli va dupc fip dyng cho nhieu hogt dpng hpc vfi choi dgt hifu qufi cao Cy the: Lam bfing dgy lam quen vdi Tofin, Khfim phfi khoa hpc, K I ehuyfn, tgo hinh, lfim quen vdi chft cfii, tgp tfl, t^p viet Nhfim phfit Vien nhfin thuc, ren luyfn cfic gific quan vfi sy phli hpp nhanh nhgy gifta tay vfi mfit phyc vy dfic lyc cho trfi vao Iop I Quy trlnh thiet kl 3.1 Nguyin tdc cdu tgo vd hopt dpng Bp dftng re bdng dupc thifit kl nhu cfii gifi vg mfit, dupc lam hoan toan chat lifu bfing go Hai mfit cfta gifi vfi cd the thay doi bfing cfic tim bfing khfic nhau, dupc khoan nhieu l3 Vdn theo kich thudc cfta cfic qufi bdng Moi tam bang dupc sft dyng cho mftc df choi tu de din khd, phyc vy cho nhieu dp tuli 3.2 Nguyin v^t ll^u: Go, tam vfin ep, vfii ni, dfiy dft, vfii vyn, bflng 3.3 Cdch ldm a Ldm gid re bdng logi to Budc 1: Dung go dflng gla ve cd kich thudc 60cm X 120cm Budc 2: Lam bang re bdn^ - Cfit nhieu tim vfin ep khfl 60cm x 80cra, khoan nhieu l^rdruhep kich thudc cfta qfic qufi bdng, moi • t a m s ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ B n f t c dO choltft de den khd, phyc|vy' I c h o ^ ho 6Qcm X 80cm dupc di gifi df hpc cac hogt dflng khfic, Bufl-c I: Dung go ddng thfinh gifi ve nhfl khflng CO chSn Kich thudc bfing nfta gia ldn Birdc 2: Lfim bang rfi bdng - Cfit nhieu tam van ep, khoan nhieu lo trdn theo kich thuac cfta cfic qufi bdng, moi tim sft dyng cho muc dO chai tft dl din khd, phyc vy cho nhilu df tuli \l • TAP CHt THI^BIGIAO DMC-stf 124-12/2015 CHUYEN BE THIET BI DAY HOC TU L A M Hudng dSn su dyng Cdch chai * Re bdn^ vao dfch - Trfi biet sft dyng tay dilu khiln day dl re bdng qua cac lo to, nhd dl dua bdng vao dich Dich lfi ll nfim tren bfing, ben cfl chl chfta bdng - Hai tre thi dua difiu khien day rfi bdng qua cfic chuflmg nggi vgt (bdng khdng rai vfio lo) vl dich sdm ifi thfing * Re bdng vfio lo (Chpn bdng theo mfiu sfic; to - nhd) ifta bdng - Hai tre thi dua chpn bdng theo yeu cau cfta cd ngftng go ddng cfic khli chfta bdng dl rfi vfio io vfi re bdng vao ll Tre nfio dua dupc nhilu bdng theo cd kich thudc I Ocm x 15 cm dye ring dau dl xuyfin yfiu clu vfio Io Ifi Ve dd thfing dfiy dieu khiln * fill vdi d$ tuoi nhfi tre vfi mSu gifio Be Bfl dl dftng re bflng giftp trfi n h ^ bilt dfl to nhd, mau sfic cua bflng Vi dy: + Cfl yeu cfiu trfi chpn bdng theo mau bfl vfio cfic l5 trdn Ven bang + Cd yfiu clu Ve chpn bdng to bfl vfio iS to + Cfl yfiu cfiu Ve chpn bflng nhd bd vfio lo nhd * Dli vfli dO tuoi mau gifio nhd vfi Idn - Giftp Ve phfit Viln kJ nfing dim, phfin bift vfi so sfinh dp to, nhd, mau sfic cfta bdng, ky nfing dilu khien de re bdng vfio dich, vfio Io Vidy: Trong cftng mflt thdi gian cfl gifio yfiu clu tre chpn bflng to mfiu vang rfi vfio il Hofic cfl yfiu cfiu trfi chpn bdng nhd raau xanh rfi vfio ll Trfi nfio rfi bdng vfio dich, vfio l5, theo yeu clu cfta cd diing vfi nhilu se chien thfing Trd chai giup trfi phfit trien khfi nfing nhgn bilt kich thudc ve dp to nhat, nhd nhat Vi dy: Dua bdng to nhSt vao ll to nhat Hofic dua bdng nhd nhfit vao lo nhd nhSt - Giftp trfi phfit trien tu so dl Vi dy: Tre thi dua chpn bdng nhd, vupt qua chudng nggi vfit (lfi cac l5 trdn to, nhd Ven bfing) rfi dupc bflng vfio dich tnrflrc sg thfing * Ngofii vifc td chftc cho Ve chai, gifio vifn diing dftng chai de lfim bfing dgy hoc (mft rafit lfim bfing bdng, mpt mfit lfim bfing de vilt, vg thay thl cho mft sl bang dgy hpc khfic) Bfing dupc xip gpn, thugn ipi vfi tiet kifm dupc khflng gian ldp hpc Ngofii vifc tl chftc cho trfi vui chai, gifio vien BudrS: edn dftng dl dgy cfic hogt dOng khfic nhu: Lfim bfing vfi^fli^an vfii ni) iSp d mfit sau cfta gla dl hpc cfic 'khac TAP CHf THlfTBIGlAO DMC-stf 124-12/2015 • 43 CHUYEN OE THIET BI DAY HOC TU LAM dgy lfim quen vdi Tofin, Khfim pha idioa hpc, Ke ehuyfn, tgo hinh, lfim quen vdi chft cfii, tap td, tfip vilt Vi du: - Thay bfing ni vfio gifi dfi sft dyng dgy chft cfiij gfin dd vgt cho tre dim so lupng dgy tofin Gfin Vanh ke ehuyfn, trfl ehuyfn vdi tre - Thay bfing me ca Vfing GV dftng dl dgy tap tfl, tfip vilt, vg, dfin, trung bfiy sfin pham hofic sft dyng nhu mOt cfii bfing vfi BO dl dftng re bdng dfim bfio h'nh thfim my, dpp, gpn nhp, ben, de lau chiii, giftp GV cd the di chuyen cho tre hpc vfi chai mflt each thufin tifn Nhihig diem c^n lini ^ Sft dyng bfing re bdng, co phai hudng dan Ve kfio cfing dfiy dft, sft dyng tay dilu khien dfiy dl rfi bflng qua cfic 15 to, nhd dfi dua bdng vfio dich Chpn dftng kich cd bdng d khli chfta bdng rfi vfio dung cfic iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiJiiiiiii tuiiiiiiiiMriiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiimri id cd kfch cd bflng tuang ftng Bang nhilu ll dftng cho Ve MG Ldm; Bfing ft fo dung cho tre nhfi tre vji MG Be Bfing khdng cd chfin diing cho trfi ngli chen, bang cd chfin diing cho tre dftng chai Do dimg n^y phai cit df noi kho rao, khdng rfta nudc Tfii lifu tham khfio BO Gifio dye va Dfio tgo (2012) CAiwmg trinh Gido dgc mdm non, NXB Gifio dye Bfl Gifio dye vfi Dfio tgo {20lb) Danh mvc Dd dimg dS chai, Thiet bi dgy hgc tdi thiiu ditng cho Gido dye mdm non Phan Ddng Phuong, Nguyin Lan Huang Hudng ddn gido vien vd tre ldm vd su- dyng mgt sd dd choi & tru&ng mdm non Tgp chi Thiet bj Gifio dye so 46 nfira 2009 iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiii TO LAM THIET Bj DAY HOC (tiip theo irang 33) - Vg phfic dfing ngudi theo y thich (chilu cao khofing 20 din 25 cm) - Lly giiy bdng md can rifing tftng bO phfn (chft ^ can hinh phfii gii cfic bO phfin chdm Ien dl cfl chS khoan gfin vit tgo cft dpng) - In bfin can hinh cfic bp phgn len gS, dftng cua vanh cfit lupn theo hlnh - Dftng khoan nhd khoan cac lo gfin vit - Cfit cfic dogn dfiy nhom luin qua cfic ll gfin kit cfic bO ph|n, dfit len dc diuig hfta gfl hai diu dl tgo raft gift cho cfic bO p h ^ khdng rdi mfi vin cft dflng dupc - Sau hofin thfinh dftng son dl son mfiu quin fio tgo thfinh nhSn vgt theo y thfch * Thdnh phdm Cfic dfing ngufli cd the thay ddi dupc hinh dfing theo ^ thich, cfic chot khdp phfii vfta khit khong bj Iflng ifio, md hinh sinh dOng, dgp mfit * Cdch Jii- dgng - Khi quan sfit chung: dimg mifing xdp hofic milng nhfim dfin vfio mOt sd diem d mfit sau cua tftng hlnh, muln cho HS quan sfit cd thfi gfin dinh vfio milng bia hofic mieng nhfim to thi cfing thufin tifn (co thl sft dyng dupc nhifiu iln dd lfing phO treo Ifin bfing - Khi quan sfit rieng cfi nhfin hofic nhdm: chia cho moi nhdm vai hlnh de cac em ty nghifin cftu quan sfit hofic Ifip ghep nhdm ngudi Vong tranh dl tfii theo y muon, sau dd vS theo cam nhgn rifing * Kit qua - HS hftng thu say me dupc quan sfit su dyng cfic thilt bj dung dgy hpc ty Iam vi nd dfc dao, lfi sfin phim cua chinh GV va HS cua Vuflmg lfim ra, phft hpp vdi moi trudng dilu kifn cfta nhfi truflng 44 • TAP CHf THlfTBIGlAO DMC-stf 124-12/2015 phft hpp vdi dli tupng HS Cfic em tilp thu bfii hpc de dfing hom, lupng hda dupc kien thftc bfii thyc hfinh dgt kit qufi tot hon Rieng md hinh cfic dfing ngudi dgt hifu qufi cao sft dyng, cfic em dupc tryc quan sinh dpng hip din nhu dang dupc quan sH ngudi th|t, nhung tifn han vi md hlnh cd thl thay dll cft d^ng cfta tay, chfin, than vfi djnh vj dupc cSc em can cfic dfing hlnh theo cfic hogt dfng cy the - Cfic era vfi ngudi nhanh han, dpp hon, khflng cdn tinh trgng HS lo lfing vl vg ngudi qud khd nhat la vg cac dfng tfic cfta ngudi cho phft hpp vdi cfic hogt dpng tren co sd dd cfic bfii vg tranh ctia cfic em cftng dpp vfi phong phft hon Kit lu|n Cd the ndi thilt bj dgy hpc tv lfim dfi gdp phan tich cyc Vong vifc doi mdi phirong phfip dgy hgc, nfing cao chit lupng gifing dgy vfi hpc tfp, tgo hftng thu hpc tgp cho HS, phfit huy tinh sfing tgo dfc lfp, tri tudng tupng vfi khfi nfing tilp can, tim hieu, khfim phfi tri thftc mdi cua HS, thfio gd nhftng khfl khSn thilu dd dung thilt bj phyc vy gifing dgy cua nhfi trudng, phfit huy tfnh tich cyc, chu dpng, sfing tgo, khoa hpc ciia GV Tfii lifu tham khfio Dam Li^fn (Ting chft bien phin MJ thugt) (2012) Sdch gido khoa Am nhgc vd Mp thugt ldp 6, 8, NXB Gifio dye Vift Nam BO GD&DT, Dyfinphfit triln gifio dye THCS (2004) Mgt sd vdn di vi ddl mai phuang phdp dgy hgc a truang Trung hgc ca sa mdn Mp thugt, Am nhgc, Thi dye