50 3 2013 DStfvaE^ NghT ve cac kT nang can thiet nhat trong muc tieu giao due LE HAI YEN Trung tdm Nghien cQu vd Phat tr i ln Tg hpe Chai lU^ng gido dye la mdt khai ni§m rat rdng, khd do ludng; tuy vd[.]
50 3-2013 DStfvaE^ NghT ve cac kT nang can thiet nhat muc tieu giao due LE HAI YEN Trung tdm Nghien cQu vd Phat triln Tg hpe C hai lU^ng gido dye la mdt khai ni§m rat rdng, khd ludng; vdy cdc to chQe qude te da dua mgl sd ch? tieu 00 ban d l ddnh gia "Chl sd tdng hpp v l chat lugng giao dge va nguon nhdn iyc" - Trich B l n g Chl so' chat lU^ng Giao dye tren trang Web Chi sd CLGD - Bdo cao eiia Vien Chiln lupe va Chuong trinh giao dye (10/11/2003) Day Id sg danh gia khach quan ciia ede td chQe qude le Trong 12 nude khu vgc Dong A, Vi&l Nam vd Indonexia cd ch? sd Ihap nhat d c l lieu chf Cac chi sd eiia Vigl Nam dgt nhu sau: - Chi sd long hpp (ve chat lupng GD va nguon nhan igc): 3,79/10 - Sy thdnh thgo ve lieng Anh' 2,62/10 - Sg Ihgo ve Cdng nghe cao: 2,50/ 10 Day la sg danh gia khach quan ciia ede td ehQc qud'c te Vdy eac ehi sd danh gia ehal lugng tren bao gdm ede thdnh td gi vd ldm cd the cdi thi§n dupc cac ehi so' ay? Trong bdi bao ngln nay, ehiing toi ch? xin ban ve cac ky nang cCia Ch? sd tdng hpp (ve chat lupng GD va ngudn nhdn igc) cac id ehUc quoc le dUa ra, Theo ehung ldi Ch? sd cd lien quan mat ihiel den Mye lieu giao dye eiia cde nUde Xde dmh diing mue tieu giao dye la yeu td quan trgng nhat de xae djnh chat lupng giao dye Cd the hilu ddn gian myc lieu giao dye la: Chiing ta djnh dUa nhQng mau ngUdl cd nhQng Kien IhQc, KTnang va Pham chat gl tUdng lai? - Dd chinh li doi hoi vi chat Idpng cua nguon nhan Itfc tuang lai, vi cung chlnh la chit lupng giio dijc * UNESCO de xudng myc dich hgc lap: "Hoe de biet, hgc de lim hgc de chung song, hoc de ttf khing dinh mini!' Trong khi, nha trudng eua chung ta hien dang rat nang ve Hpe de bieL nghTa la ch? dgt dupe mdt bdn mgc dfch ciia UNESCO, * Ngan hang The gidi ggi the ki XXI Id ki nguyen eiia kinh le dga vdo kT nang- Skills Based Economy (http:// www librarything.com) Nang Igc eiia ngudi dupe ddnh gid Irdn cd ba khfa egnh: Kien IhQe, kT nang vd thai dd Nhieu nhd khoa hgc the gidi cho rang: De dgt eupc sdng thi ede kTnang mem ehiem ldi 85%, kTnang eung (kiln IhQe) ehl ehiem 15% (http://wvvw.softskillsinstitutioncom/taq.htm) KT ndng ndo Id can thiel cho mdi eon ngudi de thdnh edng edng viee va eude sdng ? Mudn xdc dmh dupc myc lieu gido dye thi dieu quan trgng nhat Id can hinh dung dugc nhQng dot hdl ciia thye lidn ddi vdi ngudi giai dogn tdi (vf dy 10-20 nam sau) se nhU the nao? Den nam 2020, nUdc ta se la nude edng nghiep phat trien, vay Idc ay nguon nhan Igc eiia nude ta ddi hoi cde kiln thQc va kTnang gl? TQ nhQng ddi hdi ciia thgc tien, chung la hinh dung nhQng kien thQc va kT nang, thai dd ciia ngUdi cin ed d l ed t h l sdng vd lam viec thgc tiin a'y, ddc biet Id can nhQng kien thUe gl? Can nhQng kT nang tri lu§ va tU gi? Can nhQng pham chat nhdn each gi ? Can nhQng kT ndng sdng gi ? Vgy cd Xhi hinh dung mdt hai chyc nam tdi, thgc tiln ddi hdl eon ngUdi cdc kTndng gi? The k? 21 Id the ki ciia cac edng nghd thdng tin vd truyln thdng, k? nguyen cOa sQ hdi nhdp loan cau, "dSy thich thdc vi thay doi tdng gid' VI the cd the hinh dung cae kining cCia tfil kl21 bao gam cic tuduy nang dong vi sang tao ning liin kit va giai quyit vin de, de xuat cic y tUdng ddc dao, de ki nang giao tiep, lam viee mdl trUdng da quoc gia, cic kl nang sing thUc tien va tien tiin, sd dung th$o vi tinh, ngoai ngd Cae kTnang ve giai quyet van de haac cie klning cu the ve vi tinh, truyin thdng, cdng nghe, giao tiip, se quan khdng kem gi cie kinang cd bin li dge, viet, lim toin Cd the hieu, tal ea cde kien thQc vd kT nang nhU dd hinh dung tren tgo cac ky ning sing, kynang tritui (tUduy) cua ngudI thiki21 Dd la cde kT ndng vd eCing can thiet, ddi hdi cae em hpe sinh ean ed va phai cd de sau budc vao mot IrUdng lam vige mdt khdng gian ndng ddng toan eau; dd ehfnh la phUdng lien vd vu ehiln lUpc giup gi(5i tre ton lgi vd cgnh tranh hi&u q u i kl nguyen thay doi khdng ngirng ciia the gidi Nlu cdc em hpe sinh dUdc phdt tnln va ren giua cae kT nang ay d tat ed eac mdn hgc, i l l c l cdc cap hge thi ode em se khdng sg that nghiep va chac chin cdng dudng ddi Tat nhien, nha trudng chl cd t h l trang M nhQng kiln IhQe va ode kT nang cO bdn nhat nhU trao eho tv} chile ehia khda va mudn thdnh edng hp cdn phdi sing, lam vigc vd tilp tyc hgc sudl ddi TQcae phdn tfch tren, chiing la quay Igi de tim cdc thdnhtfS ve Chi sdtong hgp ( v l chat lU^ng giao dgc va ngudn nhd igc) ma ede l6 chQc qude t l ddng d l ddnh gid chit igpng gido dge: Chi so tong hgp ve ehil lupng GD vd nguon nhdn lyc bao gom cde Ihdnh td chfnh sau (dd chfnh la Mgc lieu gido dge c3n phli dgt dugc): LkyvaHpC 803-2013 1-) Ve kien thiJrc vd kT nang co ban: Dat dugc ndi dung kig'n thQc vd kl nang co ban iheo cSc chuan muc qude te hi^n hdnh (dgc, viet, tmh loan, nhung kiSn thiic vd kl nang co ban nhdi eua cae mdn hoc phd ihOng, sdm dua CNTT tQ cSp li^u hoc ) Trang bi tiSng anh khoa hpe nhu ngdn ngu thU hai 2-) Ve phal trien cdc ki nSng tu khoa hoc: Cd duoe eac ham me tim hieu, lim tdi, khdm phi hien luong su vai iQ dd hinh thdnh va phat triln dupc cdc kl nang tu eo ban nhat cho hpe sinh thdng qua tdt ca cdc mdn hoc va c^p hpe: * KT nang suy luikn, kham phd * KT nang Tu phan lich, ldng hop, logic * KI nang Phal hien va Giai quydt va'n 66 * Ky nang lu sang tao, phan bien * KI nang hoc vd lu hoc hieu qua cac phuong phap hoc, ghi nhd, vdn dung * Sir dung CNTT gitip phal irien KI nang lu 3) Ve phat trien eac ky nang sdng: chfnh la hinh vd phat trien cae quan niem sdng, nhan each, dao dQe, cac kl nang sdng lien tie'n cho hoc sinh: * Ky nang lanh dao ban than - chii ddng, tu Irpng, or tin * Ky nang dai muc lieu, tao dpng luc, id chQc cdng viec hieu qua * C^c ky nang Qng xQ - giao tie'p, quan he, lang nghe, ddm phdn, trinh bay, thuye't irinh * Cic ky nang ldm viec nhdm ddng dpi, bi6't cam fhdng, chia xe * Phdl tri^n va nang cao chi sd xuc cam - (EQ: emotional quotient) cho hoc sinh (EQ dupc hieu la kha nang quan I^ earn xuc giiip ngucd dua nhQng quyet dinh sang sudt hpp ly hon vd de cai thien cac m&\ quan he Ngudi ta danh gia EQ cua mdt ca nhan theo cac lieu chi: su kien lii kha nang kiem ehC di^u chinh earn xdc, su thau cam, linh thdn lac quan, mdi thien cam (giao cam), su hudng thien ldng hoa ciia cac cam xiie tao nen nhan each va tinh each mdt ngudi Theo GS Daniel Goleman (My): IQ va EQ khong ddi nghich md bd sung cho nhau; EQ tao dieu kien cho IQ phat irie'n, EQ quyet dinh nhilu hon ldi nhung cdng va hanh phiic irong cupe sdng, IQ cd tinh dn dinh cao hon EQ, Cd the thdng qua hgc hdi va ren luyen de "nang cap" ca IQ va EQ) De' cd the hinh dung luong ddi cu the" cae KI nang eo ban muc tieu giao due d cac cap hoc thdng, chiing ta cd the dan Bang ldm tat cac yeu cau ve KI nang co ban ddi vdi mgl nen Giao due co chal lugng cao nhu sau: MUC TIEU GIAO DUC NGAY NAY KIEN THUC MUC TIEU GIAO D g c (Tir khoa hoc) NANG SONG (Nhan each thai dg) De thyc hien duoc muc tieu giao due can tim hi^u dinh hudng va thgc hien dupc cac yeu cau v^ cac kT nSng CO ban ddi vdi cic cdp hgc phd ihdng: YEU CAU VE Kl NANG CO BAN DOI VOI TRUONG CHAT LU^NG CAO Nhdm KN I- Td ChQc Ke hoach hoc 2- Ki nang Tu ngon ngiir (Nghe, Ndi, Doc, Viel) 3- Ki nang To chQc hoai hoc tap 4- Ki nang Tir hoc Ghi nlid lu kl^m tra THCS - Biei Ihuc hien thdi gian bieu - Cd lich lu hoc, hoai dong ca nhan each hoc iheo nhom nhd - Biet phuang phap, each hoc va Iir hoc hieu qua - Biet nghe ghi chep iheo dan y - Doc, Vie'l nhung c&o don gian va kie'n thuc co ban tren ldp - Vie'l sach dep, ddng chinh ta - Biel ghi chep ldm tal nhung - K^ chuyen kien ihuc co ban iheo yeu cau - Doc diln cam, ddng vai - Bie'l doc hiiu phat hien v/ de' - Bie'l bi^u dat y kie'n bang ldi Ira ldi diing cic cau hdi - Bie't lim lai lieu irong sach, ihu bang chu viet vien theo chu diem - Bie'l doc cac bSi hoc va ua - Bie'l khai thac cac hoc lieu ldi dung cau hdi - Bie'l tim bai doc Iheo muc nghe-nhln (CDR, E.book ) - Bie't trao ddi ihao luan, hop lac luc cua sich vdi nhom de giai quyel nhiem vu chung - Hodn cac nhiem vu - Biei cich id chQc phan cdng nhdm phin cdng nhiem vu Irong nhdm hoc tap - Phit bie'u y kie'n, thao luin - San sang trao ddi ddng nao hop tic giai quyet nhiem vu nhdm d^ Ua ldi ciu hdi - Budc d^u manh dan tu tin - Tap diroi c^ch len phuong in dUa y kien ciia minh Ihu lip thdng lin Id chQc hoat ddng nhdm hieu qua Tieu hoc - Bie'l thuc hien thdi gian bi^u - Bie'l phdi hop hoc nhdm - Budc diu lim quen vdi tu hoc, each ghi nhd - Nhd dupc nhQng f, hay ndi - Biet dien dal ndi dung cic mdn hoc bang Idl bang chu viet hup Ii; ham doc sach THPT - Bi^l xiy dung ke hoach hoc ci nhan lu hoc phan bd ih6i gian hop li; khoa hoc - Bie'l l6 chuc cich hoc iheo nhdm nhd hieu qua khoa hoc - Bie'l ldm lai khii qual thong tin hoc lip iQ cac ngudn hoc lieu khac - Co kl nang idm lai khai quit ihdng lin nghe giang, ihao luan nhom, hay ihu Ihap cac phuong nen Ihdng tin • Bie'l doc hieu, phat hien cac v