i)i\m\m mng 11/2011 \ Ooi m6i ca che phan bo ngan sach nha nirdc doi vdi cor sor dao tao dai hoc cao dang ThS BCII T U A N M I M H Bd Tdichlnh Bdng vd Nhd nuic ta ludn qaan tdm, coi trgng cdng tdegido[.]
i)i\m\m-mng 11/2011 \ Ooi m6i ca che phan bo ngan sach nha nirdc doi vdi cor sor d a o t a o dai hoc - cao d a n g ThS BCII T U A N M I M H - Bd Tdichlnh Bdng vd Nhd nuic ta ludn qaan tdm, coi trgng cdng tdegido Sac vi Sio tgo Ngay tit Dgi hmDdng todn qaoc Idn thu' VIII, phdt triin gido Sac vi Sio tgo cung vdi Idioa hpc cdng nghi Sa Suae xdc Sinh Id quoc sich hdng Sia, Sdu tucbo gida Sue Id Sdu tucba phit trien Bgi hdi Bing todn quoc lin tiiiiXI tiqt tuc khSng Sinh uu tiin Sau tudio gida dgc vi Sio tgo;phdt triin gido due vd Sdo tgo Id mdt Sing luc qaan trgng thuc Say sU nghiep cdng ngbiip hod, hlin Sgi hod Id Siia lain Si phit bay ngaon lUc ngudi • yiu to cabin Si pAiff trial m hdi, tdng trUdng kinh te nhanh vd bin vHng T rong nhiing nam qua, mie du dieu kign dat nudc va NSNN cdn nhieu khd khin, Nhi nudc van quan tam danh mpt ty Ig ngin sich ding ke de dau tu cho giio dye Vdi nguon ngin sich dd, linh vyc giio dye va dao tao d i dgt dupe nhung ket qua ding khieh le Ciing vdi qua trinh dd'i mdi eo che quin ly kinh te', van de ddi mdi eo che phan bd NSNN ddi vdi cae eo sd dio tgo dgi hpc cao ding (DH - CD) dupe dat rihu mpt yeu eau tat ye'u, mgt giii phip quan trpng de nang eao hieu qui sir dyng nguon lye tai chinh qud'c gia Trong nhirng vira nim qua, viec doi mdi phuang thirc hd tig kinh phi Nha nudc eho cie eo sd dao tgo DH - CD dudi dang bio dam kinh phi eho eic nhiem vy ehi thudng xuyen eiia eie eo sd dio tgo DH - CD edng lap, chuyen dan sang cap trye tie'p eho ngudi hpe, nhiing ngudi thugc dien chinh sieh, ngudi ngheo vi theo hpp dong dao tgo nhan lyc giiia Chinh phii va trudng DH - CD d i dupe cae eo sd dao tgo iing hg va phit huy tic dyng eho viee ehii dgng sap xe'p thii ty uu tien thyc hign eic nhiem vy, che'dg, chinh sich vi can ddi giiia nhu cau ehi vdi ning ngud'n lyc tii ehinh edng; Che' dg hge phi xay dyng tir 11 nam trudc chua thay dd'i; Miic hgc phi qua thap, khdng phii hpp vdi mat bang gii ea eiing vdi ehinh sich cii eich tien luong nhiing nim qua; Co che' ty chii, ty chju trach nhiem ve nhiem vy, to ehiic bg miy va tai chinh cic CO sd giao dye cdng Igp nhin chung cdn han che' Vdi ngudn ngin sich cap hing nim cdn hgn hep (binh quan 3,7 trieu ddng/sinh vien dgi hge/nam 2006), miie thu hgc phi rat tha'p va eo dinh nhieu nam (1,8 trieu ddng/sinh vien/nim) eic co sd giio due khdng cd dil nguon lye de bd sung thu nhap eho giio vien thye hien ehinh sich ting lucmg va tang eudng trang thiet bj, co sd vat chat nham nang cao chat lugng giao dye Viec huy dgng ddng gdp ciia nhin dan cho cie trudng khdng kie'm soit dugc Xi hgi hoa giio dye cdn nhieu han che Trudc nhiing bat cap keo dai ndi tren vi nhu ei'u ting chit lugng vi Ben egnh nhiing ket qui dat dupe, eung dang tdn quy md giio dye eae ei'p, viee dd'i mdi co che tii tai khdng it hgn che' viec phan bd va sii dyng chinh giio dye ndi chung vi giio dye DH - CD ndi NSNN eho eo sd dio tao DH - CD d Vigt Nam Nhirng rieng thdi gian tdi la mgt yeu eau rat ca'p thiet Trudc yeu eau phit trien ei quy md vi chat lupng ton tgi chu ye'u bao gdm: Miie chi dau tu xay dung CO bin cdn rat tha'p so vdi nhu eau rat Idn eua nganh; dio tgo giai doan mdi, viec tie'p tye cii tie'n eo Djnh miic phin bd ngin sach giio dye ehua gan chit che'phin bo NSNN ci'n dupe quan tam Trong phgm vdi cac tieu chi dim bao chit lupng dao tgo (dpi ngu vi bai viet nay, ehiing tdi de xuat cac giii phip nhim nhi giio, dieu kien ve co sd vat chat ), ehua lam rd tie'p tyc ddi mdi eo che'phan bo NSNN ddi vdi co sd tiach nhiem ehia se chi phi dio tgo giiia Nhi nudc dao tgo DH - CD d Viet Nam vi ngudi hpc d giao due dgi hgc Viec phan bd' ngan Ve quan diem, djnh hi/dng ci\ tien ccr che sieh cho giao dye thie'u eo sd khoa hge xay dyng phdn bo ngdn sach giai doan hien miie chi va dcm gia chuin Viec giao ke' hoach thu chi ngan sich hing nam ehua gin vdi ke'hogch phat Thif nhSi, chuyen co che phan bd tai chinh tir "Md tiien trung hgn va dai han ciia nginh, gay khd khan hinh hinh chinh" sang md h'lnh cap phit trpn gdi ^ NGHIEN CI]fU-TRAO Ddi Cac CO sd dio tgo DH - CD ty ehi tieu phgm vi quyen hgn da quy dinh, ddi hdi nang cao nang lyc ciia eae eo sd dio tgo DH - CD va hinh Hgi ddng quin trj dim bio ngan sich ehi tieu diing quy dinh vi higu qui Hien nay, viec cap phat theo dy toin d i tii'ng budc nang eao hieu qui sd dyng nhd tinh ehii dgng, sang tgo eiia eie eo sd DH - CD, trinh chuyen tir mye sang mye khic, ddng thdi quyet toan vin thye hien theo quy djnh mye lye NSNN nham cung cap day du thdng tin ve tinh hinh thye hien ehi cua cic eo sd dao tgo DH - CD Thii hai, i p dyng he thd'ng egnh tranh, chgn Ipc vi tgp trung tii trp tir kinh phi NSNN (dya tren dinh gii eiia ddi tac thu ba: xi hpi va cae to chuc nghe nghiep), ci'n uu tien nhu'ng trudng trpng diem de di'u tu, \di ngud'n lyc tgp trung, khdng din trai; ddng thdi ed chinh sich hd trp viing sau, viing xa de phit trien giio dye DH - CD theo mye tieu, djnh hudng cua Nha nude cy the hoi Chie'n lupe phat trien giio dye 2001 - 2010 ciia Chinh phii vi Nghj quyet 14/2005/NQ-CP Tie'n hanh cung ci'p nhirng thdng tin chi tiet ve: djnh miie chi phi dio tgo, Ii khoan ehi can thiet de dim bio chat lupng, ehi phi dao tgo dcm vj tren mpt sinh vien tu tdng ngud'n tii chinh eua eie eo sd dao tgo DH - CD: ngudn NSNN vi nguon thu sy nghiep tgi cie co sd dao tgo DH - CD; dua tren can cii: quy md chuan ve sinh vien mpt trudng, so sinh vien/giio vien, so ngudi lim edng tic quin ly/sinh vien, chi phi tien lucmg vi cic che dp chinh sieh ddi vdi giio vien, cin bg quin ly, ehi phi hanh ehinh tren mgt sinh vien (edng tac phi, hgi nghj phi, xang xe ), ehi phi trye tie'p phye vy cdng tic giing dgy (sieh bio thu vien, giio trinh ), ehi phi mua sim, sira chiia tii sin ed'djnh, dau tu nang cap binh quan/sinh vien/nam Ngoai ra, tinh toin va cung cap thdng tin ve ehi phi dio tgo eho eic nginh, nghe khic nhau, ed sy phan bigt giiia cac nginh nghe tren ca so quy ddi hg sd'djnh mire ehi sy nghiep dao tgo theo nhdm nginh dao tgo nhim myc dieh hudng dan cho eie eo sd dio tgo DH - CD phucmg phap tinh ehi phi don vj dio tgo (gii thinh sin phi'm sin xuat), tim bien phap nang eao hieu qui dio tgo, xae djnh miie hgc phi can thu ciia ngudi hge theo timg ei'p dao tgo, nganh nghe dao tgo nham bd sung ngudn tai chinh ngoii NSNN dim bio Day la co sd het siic quan trgng bude dau doi mdi eo che cap phit, phan bd NSNN, dd la cae tieu chi khach quan dupe tinh toin chi phi cae nganh hpc khac nhau, nhiing he so phan bd ngan sach, cie chinh sich uu tien theo djnh hudng phat trien cic nganh nghe cua Nhi nudc Ngoai ra, lien he chi phi - Ipi ich, xay dyng chi phi quy chuan de dinh gii chi phi doi vdi sin pham dio tao cic co sd dio tgo DH - CD cung cap de tirng bude Nha nude nghien ciiu, ed the da'u thau, d^t hing theo nhiem vy dao tgo, nghien ciiu khoa hpc (NCKH) ddi vdi cic co sd dao tgo DH - CD Dong thdi, tinh ed dieu kipn eiia Nhi nudc ddi vdi cae co sd dao tgo DH - CD thdng qua kie'm soit dau b4ng cie chi sd thyc hien nhu: so sinh vien td't nghiep, chi s d b i i bio ding tren tgp ehi nudc, qud'c te, chi sdhoan thinh cic de tii NCKH vi dupe kiem toan theo lugt d;nh T/iii' ba, xiy dyng he thd'ng thdng tin toin dien giao dye DH - CD Day li eo sd danh gii cac CO sd dio tgo DH - CD, li cdng cy ngin cieh sy can thiep q u i mde ciia eie co quan nha nude, vai tro phin bo ngin sach eho cic ca sd dio tao DH - CD tryc tie'p tr^n ca sd theo cdng thiic dya vao djnh miic - Yeu cau thdng tin day dii: tuyen sinh, cic yeii to ve gii thinh dio tgo - Giir vai trd lam cdng tie ke hogeh hoi va dieu phdi - Thu thgp va phin tieh theo nhihig tieu chain co sd ddi vdi eac chi so ve tii chinh, thyc hign chi phi don vj, so lieu nhi ciia, thiet bj, ty Ig giio vien/sinh vien, ty le sinh vien td't nghiep - Dya tren cdng thirc: eo sd dau ciia he thcmg phin bd, khuye'n khieh thyc hign td't bing khen thudng eho cic eo sd dao tgo DH - CD Gidi phdp cdi tien, doi mdi ctf che phdn bo NSNN doi vdi cdc ca sit ddo tao OH - CD Mgt id, edng thiie phin bd NSNN giua eie co sd dao tgo DH - CD phii phin bigt dupe giiia chi thudng xuyen vi ehi dau tu phat trien; phan tich dupe ehi phi co djnh va ehi phi bie'n doi Trong do, can tich bigt ehi thudng xuyen vdi cic npi dung chi lien quan de'n xay dyng, sira chiia nhd, mua sam trang thiet bj nhd Hai Id, phan bd NSNN dgt trpng tam vao dau hem la da'u vao, nham ting them quyen chii dpngvi tinh Iinh hogt cho eic co sd dio tgo DH - CD D6ng thdi, xoi bd nhiing kie'm soit khdng can thiet tiong viec chi tieu cua cac co sd dio tgo DH - CD, la hinh thlic khoan gpn tgo co che mem deo va linh hogt ddi vdi trudng DH - CD Ba la, thiet Igp cae Quy dgc biet the hien tinh uu tien cua Chinh phii, theo mpt quy tr'inh rieng nhu: + Quy xay dyng eic trudng trpng diem qudc gia; + Quy thyc hien chuong trinh dao tgo nguSn nhan lyc trinh dp eao; + Quy phat trien NCKH cdng nghe Bon Id, xay dyng co sd dii ligu ve tai chinh vi NSNN day dii, tin cay; lien quan de'n so ligu sinh vien, dpi ngii giang vien va can bp quan ly, co sd v$t chat, ky thugt, ve thu nhgp va chi phi, ve hpc pHr TMCiiim-Thdng 11/2011 i hpe bong, tin dyng sinh vien, viec lam ciia sinh vien sau tdt nghiep Ndm Id, cdng khai hoa phin bo NSNN thye hien giira cae Bg quan ly nginh vi Bp Tii ehinh, Bg Giao due va Dio tgo ehi biet NSNN cap cho eie trudng trye thupc Bg quan ly, khdng biet NSNN eua cic Bp khie Do vgy, can xay dyng eae tieu ehi phin bo NSNN rd rang, edng khai ciia Chinh phii ddi vdi cic eo sd dio tgo DH - CD Tieu chi phan bo phai thira nhgn sir khac giira cac nganh hge, bgc hgc, linh vyc dao tgo thim chi giiia eac viing d;a Iy vi bao ham ci mue tieu dau tu lya chgn, trgng tam, trpng diem phii hpp vdi uu tien chie'n luge phit trien eua Chinh phu Dinh mice phan bd' NSNN phii dya vio he thd'ng ehi tiet lien quan, nhu: ty Ie sinh vien/ giing vien, dien tich hpc tgp/sinh vien, miie ehi thudng xuyen/sinh vien, trj gia thiet bj/ sinh vien Ci'n tinh toin de'n cic ye'u td' inh hudng ciia nen kinh te thj trudng vi ton trpng nhiing uu diem, khuyet tgt ciia thj trudng quyen dia phuong va cic trudng, phan cap quin Iy tii ehinh giao dye DH - CD edn eho phep eae to ehiic, cie cpng ddng, eie nhdm xa hgi tir khu vuc tu nhin va ca cie ci nhan tham gia cing nhieu hon vao giao dye DH - CD, dan tdi sy tang len ciia ngudn lyc danh cho giio dye DH - CD Cae eo sd dao tgo DH - CD can phii cd quyen ty chii toin dien tren tat ei eic mgt hogt dgng eiia trudng, ed viec quan ly cic nguon thu, ve can ddi thu, ehi Tdm Id, viee ca'p NSNN dya vao edng thiic phin bd ehii ye'u nen chi danh eho cie hogt dgng giing dgy, NCKH khdng phii hpp vdi ban chit ci'p phit theo edng thiie cd xem x^t de'n eae he so dieu chinh nhij'ng bat Ipi theo vimg dja Iy, theo nginh nghe dio tgo vi theo chinh sach uu tien, trpng tim trgng diem De hoan thien cdng thue cap kinh phi ehung, ci'n tinh toin ehi phi don vj, tren co sd xay dyng mgt co sd dir lieu chinh xic eie chi phi don v; vi mpt so' ehi tieu djnh miie khic Tren eo sd dya vao sd' sinh vien tdt nghiep, cap kinh phi theo da'u Mud'n viy, Chinh phu can ket hpp viee phan bo NSNN theo cdng thiie vdi viee ky hpp ddng vdi eae ea sd dao tao DH - CD theo don dgt hang Viee dat hang tren eo sd Chinh phu lya chgn cic eo sd dio tgo DH - CD tdt nhit thdng qua ea che'da'u thau, egnh tranh theo nhu eau chie'n luge dao tgo, phit trien nguon nhan lyc eiia dit nudc A Sdu la, dieu kien kinh te' - xa hpi hien nay, nen thye hien phi tip trung hoi quin ly tai chinh giao dye DH - CD, dd la viee Chinh phii chuyen giao quyen lyc tir ci'p Trung uang eho eic cap thi'p hon nhung van giii dupe sy kiem soat Nha nudc giir vai tro nhu ngudi dgt hing sin pha'm hang hoi vi djeh vu thdng qua ky hpp dong vdi cae eo sd dio tgo DH - CD vi Nhi nude ddng vai trd dieu tiet va hudng din thi trudng eho eac co sd dao tgo DH CD hogt dpng dung hudng Tii lieu tham khio: Bdy Id, phan ci'p quin Iy tii chinh giao dye -Lugt Gido due 2005; DH - CD tgo tien de eho viec md rpng nguon thu - De dn doi mdi CO che tdi chinh 2009-20 U Bd Gido due & Bdo tao; cho ci he thd'ng thdng qua hogt dpng md rpng dao - Bdi mdi qudn ly he ihdng gido due dgi hpc gloi doan 2010-2012 - Nha xudt tao, NCKH, va giim chi phi dieu hanh Ket qua la bdn Gido due; chuyen dan ginh ning tii ehinh tir Chinh phu sang • Cdc chi thi, nghi quyet cda Bdng, Nha nildc vd cdc Bg ed lien quan; cae ei'p quan ly tha'p hon nhu cic Bp, cie ei'p ehinh - Cdc Website cua Chinh phd, Bo Gido due vd Bdo too, Bd Tdi chinh y g i TRtidNG DH, CO a V I E T N A M a) Cic tnritng dai hoc v i cao d i n g : - Nam 1987:101 trUdng (63 trUcjng €)H, 38 t r i f d n g CD); _: ^ ^ " ^ ^ " / 1 : 4 t r u d n g (188 trUdng OH, 226 i r U d n g CD) b)V^ loai h'mh tnrdng: *-'NamJ987|^1 OJ_trydng c d n g Igp, k h d n g c t r U d n g n g o i i c d n g l i p ; -Oen t h i n g / 1 : 3 t r u d n g c6ng lap vk 80 trUdng ngoai c o n g l i p (50 D H v i 30 CD) jVVe C0 sd dao tao sau dai hoc: D^n t h i n g 1/2011 c i nUdc c6 146 co sd d i o tao sau dai hoc (51 vl&n nghidn cUu v i 95 trUdng dai hoc}, t r o n g 66:109 co sd dao tao tien si; 101 c o s6 d a o tao thac si (c6 t r u d n g dai hoc n g o i i c o n g lap dugc giao nhiem v u d a o tao t r i n h d o thac si) i) Vi quy md dio tao cao dang, dai hoc, sau dai hoc: i:,^' v -Nam 1987 l i 133.136; _J^am 2009 l i 1.719.499 (ting g^n 13 lan); '-''Ơ_' ãTong quy m o d a o tao k h o n g c h i n h q u y k h o i n g g i n 900.000 sinh vi&n (trong d d a o tao t i r xa k h o i n g 220.000 sinh vien); ^ 0 d e n nay, t r u n g b i n h m f i i nam d i o tao 650 t i ^ n si t r o n g nUdc NguSn: Vv Gido due Bpitoe(86 S£ ... CI]fU-TRAO Ddi Cac CO sd dio tgo DH - CD ty ehi tieu phgm vi quyen hgn da quy dinh, ddi hdi nang cao nang lyc ciia eae eo sd dio tgo DH - CD va hinh Hgi ddng quin trj dim bio ngan sich ehi tieu... Gido due vd Bdo too, Bd Tdi chinh y g i TRtidNG DH, CO a V I E T N A M a) Cic tnritng dai hoc v i cao d i n g : - Nam 1987:101 trUdng (63 trUcjng €)H, 38 t r i f d n g CD); _: ^ ^ " ^ ^ " / 1 :... n g o i i c o n g lap dugc giao nhiem v u d a o tao t r i n h d o thac si) i) Vi quy md dio tao cao dang, dai hoc, sau dai hoc: i:,^'' v -Nam 1987 l i 133.136; _J^am 2009 l i 1.719.499 (ting g^n