lOURNAl OF SCIKNCE OF IINUH Education Seiencc 2013 Vol 58, No 4, pp 132 137 This paper is available online al hllp7/sldb hnue edu vn THl /C TRANG M O C DO THICH LTNG XA HQI CUA HOC SINH TRUNG H O C CO[.]
.lOURNAl OF SCIKNCE OF IINUH Education Seiencc 2013 Vol 58, No 4, pp 132-137 This paper is available online al hllp7/sldb.hnue.edu.vn T H l / C TRANG M O C DO T H I C H LTNG XA H Q I CUA H O C SINH TRUNG H O C C O s d Nguyen Thi Hue Kbua Tdm It Gido due Truiing Dgi iwr Suphgm Hd Ndi Tom tat Bill bao phan anh IhUc trang mfic thich fing xa hoi ciia hoc sinh tmng hoc cO sd biing TFST SSQ-SF {Social skills Questionnaire - Siudent Form) Cac lieu chi danh gia mfic ihieh fing la cac kha nang dong cam hdp tae giai quyet van de tU khang dinh minh kiem che eua hoc sinh Kcl qua thu dUdc eho thay mflc dp thich fing xa hoi eiia hoc sinh chii yeu cf mfic trung binh Co khoang 18% hoc sinh CO vin de ve kha nang thich fing xa hpi Kel qua nghien cfiu kha phii hop vdl cac so lieu nghien cfiu cong bo d Viet nam TUkhda: Thich fing xa hoi hoc sinh trung hoc cd sd mflc thich fing Md dau Tren cac phUdng tien thong tin dai chung xult hien mfit nhilu bdn vl cac hien tupng lech chuan ve tam li d lfla tufi'i thanh, thilu nien ma nguyen nhan ciia no thfldng lien quan den kha nang ihich flng xa hpi cua cac em Theo vteibau.eom 21 thang nam 20)3, d Viet Nam hien co din 19.469'r hpc sinh dfi tuoi tfl 10 -16 tuo'i gap true trac vl sfic khoe tam thin Hien nay, nha trudng luon luon co mfit ti le hoc sinh CO vin de vfi sfic khoe tam thin ap hic bai vd, chay dua diem sfi, tich, hpc them Hicn tUdng lam dung chat gay nghien dang tang nhanh chong thanh, thilu nien Nghien cflu 21.960 thilu nien Ha Noi phat hicn 3,7% em co rfii loan hanh vi Khiio sat sflc khde tam than hoc sinh cac trfldng hpc tren dia ban Ha Noi bang cfing cu SDQ ciia To chtfc Y tl Thi gidi chuan hoa Viet Nam cho thly tren mlu nghien ctfu gfim 1.202 hpc sinh lieu hoc va trung hpc cd sd (THCS) dfi tufi'i 10- 16 tufi'i, ti le hoc sinh co vin dl vl sfic khoe tam thin chung la 19.46% Nhfl vay, vice nghien cfiu thUc trang mflc dp thich flng xa hfii cua hpc sinh THCS de dUa cac giai phap can thiep phu hdp la bet sfic quan va d p thilt Ngay nhan bai 5-10-2012 Ngay chip nhan dang 20-4-2013 Lien he Nguyen Thi Hue, e-mail hiienguyent]gd(3)gmail,com Thifc trang miic dp thich ting xa hoi ciia hpc sinh trung hpc ca sd Noi dung nghien ciiu 2.1 K h a c h t h e va phuCdng p h a p n g h i e n cu'u De danh gia kha nang thich fing xa hpi cua hpc sinh THCS chung tfii da tien banh nghien cfiu tren 4069 hpc sinh tren ea ba mien (Bic, Trung, Nam), tren cac khu vuc (thanh phfi, dfing bang, miln nui ) mien B I C CO Ha Npi Hai DUdng, Thai Nguyen Son La, Ninh Binh Miln Trung, Tay Nguyen cd Thanh Hoa, Bufin Me Thufit Miln Nam co phfi HS Chi Minh, Kien Giang Trong tfi'ng so hoc sinh noi tren, sfi lUdng cu the' ve gidi tinh (nam-nfl), vl dp tuoi (hpc sinh Idp va hpc sinh Idp 8), vl cac vung mien nhU sau (Bang 1): Bdng 1: Tdng qudt ve khdch the 'lYuimg SL K6 137 Phil Dicn 311 Ha Ndi Vicn Noi 55 118 Quoc Tuan 93 178 Hai DUdng Thanh Quang 140 93 178 Khanh ThUOng 92 Ninh Binh Khiinh Thinh 126 52 408 200 Chu Van An Thai Nguyen Nguyen Du 199 105 118 55 Noi Trii Sdn La To Hieu 98 48 293 155 IJ Tu Trong Thanh Hoa 320 164 Trung Sdn 128 Nguyen TrUdng Td 222 Buon Ma Thudt 381 218 Trdn Hung Dao 186 358 H6 Chi Minh Cdlette 300 150 An Minh Bac Kien Giang Thanh Yen 321 154 4069 2085 Tong chung Dia danh dieu tra K8 Nam 172 174 63 59 87 85 75 47 86 72 74 62 208 153 88 94 59 63 50 51 138 158 156 149 94 no 163 190 172 161 150 131 167 148 1984 1925 Nil 139 59 91 65 106 64 255 111 59 47 135 171 112 191 197 169 173 2144 Tong 429 318 304 607 216 613 603 358 621 4069 De danh gia kha nang thich ling xa hoi ciia hoc sinh THCS chiing toi sii dung bo trac nghiem danh gia trinh cac Id nang xa hoi (Social skills Rating System-SSRS) ciia hai tac gia My Gresham va Elliott 1990) Bo trie nghiem da ditac thich nghi nhieu nildc: Anh, Vc, Canada, Singapor, Viet Nam, bp tr^c nghiem cua Gresham va Elliott (1990), da dUdc nhom nghien ciJu cua TrSn Trong Thiiy (chii nhiem) va Nguygn Cong Klianh thuoc de tai B2001-49-01TD (2001-2004) thich nghi vii chua'n hoa Bp trie nghiem CO muc di'ch danh gia nang lire thich iJng xa hoi tren CO s6 lildng cac ki nang xa hoi cd ban, nhiing kho khan xii li cac m6i quan he va nang luc xii hgi eiia diia tre the hien it gia dinh va nha trucing Bp trac nghiem cho phep thu thap thong tin de danh gia ve cac mlu irng xii/hanh vi 133 Nguyen Thi Hue chi phai quan he giiia hoc sinh va giao vien, gifla hpc sinh va nhom ban, gifla tre vdi cha me va viec cac em thiic hien nhiem vu dupc giao co lien quan dSn hoc dudng Bp trie nghiem chi g6m nhdm ki nang: hpp tac, quyet doan, dflng cam, kiSm clie l5o yeu cau ve ki nang thich ling xa hfli cda hpc sinh THCS c k md rong, chiing toi tien hanh dua them vao mot lieu tr5c nghiem giai quyet vSn di Vay trie nghiem SSQ-Sl^" (Social skills Questionnaire - Student Form) dudc sii dung trpng de tai gdm cac lieu trSc nghiem sau: Tie'u trac nghiem danh gia kha nang hdp tac gflm cac cau: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, W, 9,10 Tieu trie nghiem danh gia kha nang-tu khang dinh gflm cac cau: 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,20 Tieu trSc nghiem danh gia kha nang dflng cam gom cac cau: 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 Tieu tr5c nghiem danh gia kha nang kiem che gflm cac cau: 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40 Tieu trac nghiem danh gia kha nang giai quyet vin de gflm cac cau: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 Cdch ddnh gid: Nhung hoc sinh cd diem s6 cao hdn diem trung binh ciia nhdm chuan tfl SD (do lech chuan) trd len dupc xem la nhflng hoe sinh co kha nang thich flng xa hpi tflt NgUdc lai, nhflng hpc sinh cd so diem thap hdn diem trung binh cua nhdm chuii'n tfl ISD (dp lech chuan) trd xudng dUdc xem la nhflng hoc sinh cd kha niing thich flng xa hfli kem Cu the nhu sau: - Nhdm hpc sinh cd kha nang thich Ung xa hfli thap cd so diem: X ^ X - ISD (nhd hdn hoiic biing diem trung binh trfl di dfl lech chuan) - Nhdm hpc sinh cd kha nang thich flng xa hfli d mflc trung binh cd sfl diem: X ISD < X < X + ISD (niim khoang ±1 lech chuan) - Nhdm hoc sinh cd kha nang thich flng xa hpi cao cd s6 diem: A' ^ X + \SD (Idn hdn hoiic bang diem trung binh cpng dp lech chuan trd len) Ngoai chung tfli sfl dung cac phUdng phap nghien cflu khac nhfl quan sat, dieu tra bang phieu hoi, phdng vin de thu thap them cac thflng tin cin thiet 2.2, Cac ket qua nghien cu:u 2,2,1 Thuc trang vi miic dp thi'ch ling xa hoi ciia hoc sinh THCS qua cac tieu trac nghiem Theo sfl lieu thu dUdc tfl Bang 2, xet ve hanh vi cho thiy rang, diem trung binh cua kha nang giai quyet vin de la cao nhit (1.38 die'm/item), sau dd dSn kha nang hdp tac, kha nang dflng cam Thlp nhit la die'm kha nang tU khang dinh (1.07 die'm/ item) Xet ve thai dfl, die'm kha nang giai quySt van de cung cao nhat, binh quan mfli item la 1,55 die'm, tiep theo la kha nang hdp tac, kha nang kilm che Thlp nhit cflng la kha Thuc trang mdc thich Ung xa hdi cua bpe sinh tnmg hpc ca sd nang tU khang dinh, trung binh mfii item la 1,10 diem Nhu vSy, CO the nhan xet nhU sau; diem trung binh bieu hien cac kha nang thich ling xa hpi ciia hpc sinh THCS ca hanh vi va thai dfi dlu d miic trung binh Trong cac kha nang dUdc xem xet thi kha nang giai quylt vin de cua hpc sinh la cao nhSt va thap nhat la kha nang tu khang dinh Bdng 2: Diem trung hinh ciia cdc mat the hien khd ndng thich dng xd hin ciia hpc sinh THCS qua edc tieu trdc nghiem Cac l(ha nang thi'ch iirng xa hoi Hdp tiic Tu khang dinh Ddng ciim Kiem che Giai quyet van de Hanh vi Thai doi Hanh vi Thai Hiinh vi Thai Hanh vi Thai dd Hanh vi Thai So hoc sinh 4069 4069 4069 4069 4069 4069 4069 4069 4069 4069 Diem trung binh 13.61 14,85 10.72 11 05 12,98 13.56 13.36 14.32 13,82 15.48 lYung binh (1 item) 36 1.48 1.07 1.10 30 1.35 1.33 1.43 1.38 1.55 Tfl ket qua thu dudc cho thay, nhdm hoc sinh dfldc khao sat cd bieu hien mflc dp thichflngtflt nhat la kha nang giai quyet vin de, kha nang hdp tac, kha nang dflng cam va kem nhit la kha nang tu khang dinh 2,2.2, Ti le cac nhom diem ciia hpc sinh tren thang hanh vi Nhin vao Bang ta thly, nhdm hoc sinh cd die'm hanh vi trung binh la chu yta Nhdm hpc sinh die'm thlp chiem ti IS khoang 18%, thap hdn so vdi hai nhdm hpc sinh die'm cao va nhom hpc sinh die'm trung binh Bdng 3: Phdn loai hoc sinh theo cdc nhdm diem tren thang hanh vi vi khd nang thich ling xd hoi Nhom Nhom hoc hoc Do Gia trj sinh sinh lech trung So hoc sinh Cac tie'u trac nghiem die'm diem chuiin binh trung thap binh 2.77 12,31% 61.02% 13.61 4069 Hdp tac 23 59% 66 72% 10 72 3.51 4069 Tir khang dinh 4069 12.98 3.48 14 94% 62,03% Dong cam 23 62% 55 00% 13 36 3.00 4069 ICiem che 4069 13.82 88 14 92% 67.19% Giai quyet vin de Nhom hoc sinh diem cao 26 67% 9.69% 23 03% 21.38% 17.89% 135 Nguyen Thi Hue Trung binh chung I 12.90 I :^.13 I n.H87c I 62.39% | 19 73%" Xel vl cac bicu hicn cu the cho IhSy li le hoc sinh co diem cao d kha nang hdp tac chiem ti le cao nhSl (26.67%), ticp den la kha nang dong cam va kiem chl ThSp nhit la kha nang tU khang dinh (ehua den lO'/r-) Tir kit qua thu duoe la th5y hoc sinh THCS co bicu hicn hanh vi thich dng xa hoi chu yeu mde trung binh Co khoang 18% hoc sinh eo van de ve hanh vi thich iJng xa hoi 2.2.3 Ti 16 cac nhom diem ciia hoc sinh tren thang thai Bdng 4: Phan loai hpc sinh theo cdc nhdm diem tren thang thdi dp ve khd ndng thich i(ng xd hpi Nhom Cac tieu trac n g h i e m S() hoc sinh Gia tri Do hoc trung lech sinh binh chuiin diem thap Hdp tac 4069 Nhom hoc sinh diem trung binh 14 85 2.93 18.60% 65,00% 64 Nhom hoc sinh die'm cao 17 99% Tu khang dinh 4069 11 05 7.5.5% 4069 13 56 71 18.9770 47'?r 73 % Ddng cam 61.19% 22 34%) Kiem che 4069 14.32 23 is"4S'/r" 61.297, 20 23% Giai quycl van J e 4069 15 58 51 ' 1.5T6T'.r 61.70% 22 69% 13.87 40 17.63% 64 53% 18 W/c Trung binh chung Bang cho thly, nhom hoc sinh cd die'm thai dp d mflc trung binh chiem dai da sfl (cac tie'u trac nghiem d6u cd ket qua tren 60% hoc sinh, trung binh chung la 64.53%) Nhdm hoc sinh cd die'm thai dp thap chiem gin 18% Nhdm hoc sinh co die'm thai dd cao chiem hdn 18% Trong cac tieu trac nghiem cho thly kha nang giai quyet vin de, kha nang dflng cam cd nhieu hoc sinh dat diem cao, ki nang tU khing dinh cd it hoc sinh dat diera cao NgUdc lai, ki nang tu khing dinh lai cd nhiSu hoc sinh dat dicm thlp, tiep dSn la kha nang hdp tiic vii kicm che (tren 18% ) Hdng Cac ticu trac nghiem 5: "i Ie hpc sinh cd diem hdnh vi vd thdi thap N h o m hoc sinh thieu hut v§ N h o m hoe sinh thieu hut ve h a n h vi thai Hdp tae 12.31% 18.60% TU khang dinh 23.59% 18.9770 Dong Ciim 14.94% 16 % Kiem ehe 23 % 18.48% Giai quyet van dc 14,92% 15,61% 136 Thuc trang miic thich img xd hoi ciia hoc ^inh trung hoi co sd pfrung binh ehung | 17.88%, ] 17,63% | Danh gia chung ve kha nang thich flng xa hfli ciia hoc sinh Tl ICS d mat thai chil ygu cung d mflc trung binh S6 hoc sinh cd vin de ve thai thich flng xii hpi ciing khoang 18% Chung la cd the thly ro hdn qua bang tdng hdp (13ang 5): Phfli hdp vdl Ciic phudng phiip dicu tra, phong vin, quan siit chung loi dcu thu dfldc cac kcl qua phu hdp vdi ciic ket quii neu tren Ket luan iCha nang thich flng xii hpi cua hpc sinh THCS chu yeu d mflc dp Irung binh S6 luong hoc sinh cd vin de ve kha nang thich flng xii hpi khoiing 187r Day la mot s6 kha Idn Tuy \a\ thflc te hien cii nha trfldng gia dinh va xa hfli chfla lam dudc gi nhieu de' giup nhflng tic cd khd khan niiy, Trong ciic bie'u hien kcm thich flng nhit lii kha niing IU khang dinh biin thiin Bicu hicn kha nang thich flng cao hdn so vdi cac lieu trac nghiem lii kha niing ddng cam vii kha nang giai quyet vin de, TAI LIEU TllA.M KIIAO [1] Andreeva D, A, 1972, Nhiing vdn de thich ilng ciia sinh vien Nxb Thanh nien can ve, Maxcdva [2j Nguyin Thanh Binh, 2010 Gido trinh gido due kinang song Nxb Giiio due Ha Noi [3] Bo Giiio due vii Diio tao hpp tiic vdi UNICEI-, 2003 Thtic nghiem gido due song khde manh vd ki ndng wng cha hoc sinh Irung hoc L ii KO 'lai lieu chUOng trinh [4| Nguyen Cong Khanh, 2004, Nghien aiu ki ndng \d hoi d liia tudi hoc sinh trung hut CO sd Tap chi thdng lin Khoa hpc Giao due so 108, [5] Nguyen Cdng Khanh, 2004, Ki ndng xd hoi d liia ludi Irung hoc phd thang Tap chi Giao due sfl 94, ABSTRACT The level of social adaptation among high school students This paper looks at social adaptation in secondary school students as determined by the S.SQ-SF TE.S T, The criteria being assessed to determine Ihe adaptation level are empathy, cooperation, problem solving, self-affirmation and the student's personal selfcontrol The results show that the students' level of social adaptability is 'moderate' Approximately 18% of the students were found to have problems wilh social adaptation The results of this study are quite consistent with the data of other published research in Vietnam, 137 ... nhom hpc sinh die''m trung binh Bdng 3: Phdn loai hoc sinh theo cdc nhdm diem tren thang hanh vi vi khd nang thich ling xd hoi Nhom Nhom hoc hoc Do Gia trj sinh sinh lech trung So hoc sinh Cac... ciia hpc sinh tren thang hanh vi Nhin vao Bang ta thly, nhdm hoc sinh cd die''m hanh vi trung binh la chu yta Nhdm hpc sinh die''m thlp chiem ti IS khoang 18%, thap hdn so vdi hai nhdm hpc sinh die''m... 17.63% 64 53% 18 W/c Trung binh chung Bang cho thly, nhom hoc sinh cd die''m thai dp d mflc trung binh chiem dai da sfl (cac tie''u trac nghiem d6u cd ket qua tren 60% hoc sinh, trung binh chung la