12^ 30 5 2014 DaifygjHUC NghT ve lo trinh ddi mofi giao due Trung t LE H i l Y^N 1 NghiSn cQu va Phat trien Ty hpc Gan day cd nhilu bai bao ban ve "Doi mdi can ban va loan dien Giao dye" Day dung la m[.]
30 5-2014 DaifygjHUC 12^ NghT ve lo trinh ddi mofi giao due LE H i l Y^N Trung t G an day cd nhilu bai bao ban ve "Doi mdi can ban va loan dien Giao dye" Day dung la mot van d l ra't to Idn va khd khan, dU(?c su quan tam dac biet cua xa hoi Trong xa hpi va ea nhQng nha giao dye dang chua rd ve myc dfch va Id trinh cua "tran danh Idn" thi mdi day nganh Giao dye da dy kien trinh Qude hpi d l an ddi mdi ehUdng trinh - saeh giao khoa vdi du chi khai toan NghiSn cQu va Phat trien Ty hpc gan hai tyf dd la - D l edng cuoc ddi mdi giao dye cong c i n tien hanh theo mpt 16 trinh hdp ly, khdng the lam ngudc hay nong v61, cung khdng phai cQ chi nhilu tien la ddi mdi edng, Trong mdt bai bao ngan ehQng toi eh? xin d l cpp tdi nhijfng suy nghTve "Id trinh ddi mdi" De d l hinh dung dUdo 16 trinh hdp l^f, chung tdi xin phac thao md hinh dQdi day: - KHANG DINH MllC DICH GIAO DUC {GIAO DUG - HOC OE LAM GI?) H- XAC DINH MUC TIEU GIAO DUG (GIAO DUC - HOC NHUNG G I ) m - XAC DINH N O I DUNG GIAO DUC (HOI D N G THXM DINH QG) IV- XAC DINH CAC GIAI PHAP VA Dl£U KI$N CO BAN Ot D I M I G - D THANH C O N G * Xac dinh khung chuang trinh va noi dung c^c ca'p hoc , mon hoc * Bien soan s^ch gi^o khoa theo khung chiiong trinh va noi dung da duoc thSm dinh * Day va hoc nhir th^ nao di d a t chat luong hieu qua giao due thuc su * Cac d i l u kien ca ban nhat d a m bao cho cong cuoc ddi mdi giao due cong D l lam sang td cae luan dilm trSn, chung tdi xin trinh bay van tat cac bQde nhU sau: I MUC DICH GlAO DUG xac dinh mye dfch cua viec hpc hay ndi rpng hdn la myc dich cua giac dye la dieu quan trpng dau tien cua cong eupc ddi mdi giao dye Nhung tiec riing xa hdi va nhQng ngudi quan ly giao dye, eae thiy ed giao va cac em hpe sinh hau nhuchUa xae djnh rd rang: hpc de lam gl? Co le tra Idi cau hoi thi da sd mpi ngudi (Irong tham tam) dIu nghT la: De dd dpt, d l cd bang cap de cd dilu kien thang tien,, Ve mpt vT md, thyc te cae trUdng hpc va toan nganh giao dye cung trd nen giao dye "Qng thi" - chay theo thi cQ bang cap, Chlnh vl vSy, ma may chuc nam qua, giao dye "ddi mdi" nhieu Ian, ly le d§ tot nghi§p luon dpt 9598%, tdt nghiep cae trQdng Dpi hpc gan nhu 100%,nhieu nganh ty le kha gidi tdi 70-80% vai nam cd them dam tram trudng Dpi hoc, Cao ding, Sd thpe sT, tiln sT, GS, PGS chye nam qua tang len d i m khdng xue nhieu can bp dUdng chUe dl mua bang thpc sT tien sTde giU ghe va oai vdi thien hp.„ Nhung d i n Uii hang tram nghln cac thpc sT, cU nhan, kT sU lai khdng kiem dU0c viec lam, hang tram trUdng DH cd nguy ed ddng cQa„, va r^t nhieu he luy ti&u eye khac (mua ban Dmjy^I^ soMou iga«gMK»j-.>lB bang cap, xudng cap dpo dQc hpc dudng,,,),,, - NhQng dieu mdi day dUdc phan anh rat nhilu tren bao chi va ea tren nghj trudng Qudc hpi, Nguyen nhan dIu lien cua nhQng he luy tr&n la chung ta chua xac djnh rd rang myc dfch cua viec hpe, ndi rdng hdn la ehua xac djnh re myc dfch eCia giap dye Cung cd t h i ndi chung ta chUa cd dU(?c mdt triet l-j- giao dye dung dan, NhU t h i "ddi mdi loan dien va triet de giao due" vi myc dich gi va se dl den dau?' Triet i^ la cai ly sau xa cai le huyin dipu c&a mpt hpc thuyet, mdt su bien minh d l y du eho mpt sy nghiSp hay mot edng vi^c Idn cCia xa h6i dUdc mpi ngudi tam phuc khiu phye va nd nhu kim ch? nam ngpn dude soi dudng d l dpt duyc myc dfch eho sy nghiep ay, Vf dy, ban ve Trilt 1^ giao dye; la thCf xem Van bhn Bon try cot eiJa giao dye (The Four Pillars of Edueafion - UNESCO 1998)- ta thly tfnh trilt ly loai mpi phan eCia van ban, Dd eung chinh la nhOng myc dfch can ban cDa giao dye dupe cac nUdc cd nen giao dye lien lien tren t h i gidi van dyng, Xin tdm lat nhU sau: 1.Try cpt thU nha't: Hpc de biet Ngay nay, kiln thUc loai ngudi cQ dam nam lpi tang gap ddi, n&n Hpc de biet chlnh la hpc each hpc the nao de thu nhan duyc nhQng kiln thQe can thiet nhat, dac biet phat trien dUdc cac nang lyc tu (ability tc think) cQa ngudi - qua trinh chQa dyng ca hai ky nang giai quyet van d l thyc t l va tU trQu ia?(ng., Try cot thU hai: Hpc de lam The kji XXI, KHKT va edng nghe phat trien vQdt bac Hpc d l lam khdng phai la lao dpng cd bap ddn thuan nQa ma phai lam bang dau 6c" bang tri tue, n6n d ta't ca cac edng vi&c mudn cd nang suat va hieu qua eao phai can cac ky nang tU - ky nang mem (ky nang GQVD, tu sang tpo va phan bien, ky nang Ung xQ giao liep, ngopi ngQ, CNTT, ky nang hpc va ty hpc ) Dd cung chinh la cac ky nang ddi hdi eua nguon nhan lye cha't lUdng cao Try cot thU ba: Hpc de cCing chung sdng Giao dye cd vai trd to Idn ddi vdi tiln b6 xa hpi, giup ngudi thieh Qng va hoi nhap thdi dpi kinh t l hdi nhap de khdng bi Ipe hau mpt the gidi biln ddi va phat trien khdng ngQng Try cgt thU tU: Hpc fle ty khang djnh minh hay Hpc de lam ngUdi De cd dO nhan pham du ky nang va nang lyc sdng de c6 the hdi nhap vdi xa hdi NhQng quan nilm d i n tren day chfnh la mot phan quan Irpng nhat cQa triet ly giao dye the k? XXI- the k? vdi nen kinh te hien dpi va hpi nhapn i n kinh te tn thQc, da dQdc cac nUdc phat Iriln cd nen giao dye tian t i l n van dyng de tpp nguon nhan lyc o6 dCi kien thQc ky nang va nhan pham eho n l n kinh te hien dpi UNESCO de xudng myc dfch hpc tap: "Hpc d l biet, hpc de lam, hpe de ehung sdng hpc de ty khang djnh minh", Trong TrUdng hge cua chung ta hiin dang rat nang ve Hge de biSt c6t de Ung thi (ma cung ehl biet cac kien thUc mot each may mdc), nghTa la ch! mdi quan tam den mot b6n muc dich Giao due Neu khdng xae djnh dUdc myc dfch dung dan cCia GD cCia viec hpc thi se ddi mdi "can b i n va toan dien GD" theo djnh hUdng nao? Se chpn lya ehUdng trinh va npi dung giao dye gl? Se Dpy va Hpe theo phUdng phap nao? Vay dieu quan trpng va thiet thye nhat dau tiSn la phai khang dinh rd rang myc dich cCia giao dye, phai edng khai myc dfch GD cho toan xa hdi bilt va 13 xem dd la mSnh iSnh bupc nganh giao dye phai van hanh tdi myc dfch ay, II MUC TIEU GIAO DUC; TRQNG GIAO DUC, MUC TIEU LA DICH DAT RA MO TA DIEU MA NGlTtfl HOC SE HIEU OUac VA LAIVIOUOC SAU KHI HOC Muc lieu li dan xuat cOa muc dich euoi cCing giao due vi muc tiiu chung ve dao tao, chia muc tieu trung gian b cac mUc khac nhau, roi thinh muc tiiu die thu - (Pedagogie: Dictionnaire des concepts des - F.Raynal S A.Rieunier), Cd t h i hieu ddn gian myc tieu giao dye la: ChOng ta djnh dUa nhijtig m i u ngUdi cd nhuTng Kien thUc Ky nang va Pham chat gi tUdng lai? Nhu vay Myc dfch hay Myc tieu cudi cQng cua giao dye khdng phai la khau hieu ehung chung (nhU "vQa hong vQa chuyen", "ed dCi tai dQc" "phat trien loan dien tri, dQc, Ihe, mT', "Giao due la qudc sach hang dau" ) ma phai la cai dfch ey the, cai dich ay phai hinh dung duyc, xac djnh dU^ic, kiem nghiem dugc, danh gia dUdc.,, Viee xae dinh ro myc tieu giao dye la mdt dilu rat quan trpng va can thiet vi no dinh hudng ehien luge dau tugiao dye, xaydt/hgngi dung chUdng trinh, ehgn ige noi dung, bien so^n sach giao khoa, xac dinh va chiphoi toin bg cong tie quan ly', dieu hinh cic bac hge va toin bgphuangphip d^y va hge Cd the ndi van tat Myc tieu glad due - San ph£m giao duo ta djnh hQdng tpo nang iQc va chat lUdng nguon nhan lyc lUdng lai cua mot dit nudc, NhUng neu hdi cac nha quan ly GD eae thay cd giao: Myc lieu giao dye thdng giai dopn tdi la gi? chac chan se cd rat nhieu each hieu va tra Idi rat khac nhau, De chuan bj cho viec"ddi mdi can ban va toan dien" khdng biet nganh GD da cd cau tra Idi chfnh xac va day dCi Mye tieu giao due thong giai dopn tdi la gl chUa' ' Ngan hang The gidi gpi t h i k? XXI la ki nguyen cQa kinh te dUa vao ky nang; Nang iUc cCia ngUdi dUdc danh gia tren ca ba to: Kien thCte, Ky nang va Thai (http:// www,librarything,com), ' Nhilu nha khoa hpc t h i gidi cho rang, de dpt cupc sdng thi eac ky nang mem chiem tdi 75%, ky nang eUng (kien thQc) ch? chiem 25% - (htp-y/www.softskiiisinstitution.com/ faq.htm) Cau hdi dpt la: "Ky nang nao la can Ihilt eho mdi eon ngUdi de cong trcng edng viec va euoe sdng?", Mudn xae djnh dupe myc tieu giao dye thi dieu quan trpng nha't la can hinh dung dU^c nhQng ddi hdi cua thyc tiln ddi vdi ngudi giai dopn tdi (vf dy 10-20 nam sau) se nhu t h i nao? Din nam 2020, nudc ta se la nUde edng nghiep phat trien, vay IQc ay nguon nhan iQe ddi hdi cac kiln ^Qc va ky nang gi? TQ nhQng doi hdi eCia thyc tiln chGng ta hinh dung nhQng Kien thQc, Ky nang va Thai dd cua ngudi can ed d l c6 the sdng va lam viec thye tiln ay, dpc biet la can nhQng kien thQc gi? Can nhQng ky nang tri tue va tu gi? Can nhQng pham chat nhan each gi? Can nhQng ky nang sdng gi? Chung ta ed the htnh dung Myc lieu giao dye Ihdl dpi nhu sau: KIEN T H Q C VA KY NANG CO BAN : Dat dUdc npi dung kien thQc va ky nang cd ban theo cac chuan mUc qudc te hien hanh (doe viet, tinh toan, nhQngkien ihQc cd ban nhat eCia eac mon hpc thong, sdm dUa CNTT tQ tieu h p c ) , Trang bj tieng Anh khoa hpe nhu ngon ngQ thQ haL Urn 30 5-2014 Dgl/rgjF^C III NOI DUNG CHl/dNG TRJNH GIAO DUC Sau da khang djnh Mye dfch va Myc tieu giao due rdi mdi cd cd sd d l xac dijnh Khung chUdng trinh va nhQng Npi dung cd ban eua cac cap hpc va cae mon hpc, Cd dUdc khung chUdng trinh va nhQng ndi dung can ban cua cac ca'p hpc/m6n hpe dUpc th^m djnh rot mdi ban den viee to ehQe bifen soan sach GK theo khung ehUdng trinh va nhQng npi dung can ban da dQye tham dinh, Hpi ddng tham djnh Qudc gia phai doc lap vdi Bp GD&DT gom eae chuyen gia GD cd dQ uy tfn va nang lyc Khi Hdi ddng da thSm djnh thi edng khai khung npi dung ehUdng trinh de xa hpi dUde bilt (cd the ed nhilu phUdng an) Thdi gian qua vi mdn hpc nao ciJng iha'y la quan trpng nen mon nao eung od dua that nhieu npi dung nhilu kien thQc vao cae saeh GK, dd kh5ng 06 m6t"nhpc trQdng" dilu hanh nen mpnh lam, he luy la chiee cap cua HS cap I da nang 5-6 Kg, rat nhieu cac sach tham khao md rdng kem theo va viec dpy them hpc them ird le dUdng nhien, Theo ehdng tdi TUI6nh cQa nganh giao dye phai la"nhae trUdng quyet dinh dan hdp xUdng ay" Vi du: - Nam 1945 6ng Hoang Xuan Han vdi cUdng vj Bp trudng GD va My thuat (ndi cae Tran Trpng Kim), da thiet Ipp va ban hanh chUdng trinh GD bang chQ Qudc ngQ d cac trUdng hpc - ap dyng viec hpe va thi TO tai bang tieng Viet - Khung ehUdng trinh da dUdc ap dyng cho den nam 1954 d vung tpm chilm va ca mien Nam cho den nam 1975 - Thdi Bp trudng GD Nguyen Van Huyen: Cai each GD Ian IhU nhal 1950-xac lap d p hpc GDPT khung chUdng trinh la nam Sau hoa binh lap lpi mien Bac, Cai each GD lan thQ hai -Khung chUdng trinh GDPTia 10 nam, Viec to chQc bien sopn sach KIEN THLTC V A K Y N A N G CO BAN : Dat duoc noi dung kien ihQc va ky nang co ban theo cdc chufc myc qudc t6' hifin hanh (doe, viel, tinh toan, nhOngkifi'n thfic co ban nh&t ciia eac mdn hoc ph6 Ihdng, sdm dua C N ' r r tit tieu hoc ) Trang bi ti&ig Anh Idioa hoc nhu ng6n ngtt thii hai.,, MUC TIEU GIAO DUC CAC KY NANG TU DUY KIIOA HOC * Ky nang Tu phSn tich, suy luSn, tdng hop, logic, lap luan * Ky nang phai hifin va GQVD * Ky nang Tu sang tao, phan bi6n * Ky nang hpc va ty hpe hifiu qua - PhUOng phap hpe, doc sach, ghi nhd, van dung NHAN CACH VA CAC KY N A N G S N G * Ky nang lanh dao ban than; Trung thyc ChiJ dpng.Tu trpng, tu tin, * K/n dat muc tieu, id chQc edng vific hifu qua * Cac ky nang iJng xir giao tiep , quan h6, Idng nghe, dam phan, thuyfi't trinh * CSc ky nang lam viec nhdm ddng d6i * Phat Iridn nSng cao chi sdxiiccam-(EQ)„, IV XA^DjNH CAC GIAI PHAP VA DIEU KIEN CO BAN DE DOI Mdl GIAO DUC THANH CONG viee Hpc - Hdi - Hieu - Hanh cd nghTa rang phai khuyen khich hpe trd Hdi- Ihlc mae ; Hpe phai Hieu ban chat kiln thQc, sU kien; phai Hanh/van dyng kiln thQc d l giai quyet cac van d l kiln thQe va thyc te„ Hpc nhu the mdi tpo dUde nang luc ngudi, mdi dap Qng dUdc Myc tieu giae dye ngay.nay - Vi dy, hien tpi hpc sinh chan va sq cac mon van hpc, Ijch sQ vi n6|dung nang ne qua.lhay eo bat hpc thupc long cac dopn van mHu, bat nhd cac sd, sy kidn vd cam de doi vdi cac d l thi trac nghiem; dpy va hpe KHXH kieu ap dai, khdng dUdc trao ddi, phan bien nhu the thi lam hpc sinh hUng thu hpe tap? Hpc nhU the la vd bd, tham chf ngUdI hoc phat sd mdn hpc ay De ed the dat dUdc myc tieu Giao dye nhan pham va Ky nang sdng cho ngUdi hpe, eae mon KHXH phai ddng vai trd then chdt, npi dung va phUdng phap day va hpc cac mdn hpc phai tich hdp dupe eae kien thQe va kj nang sdng (nhu Ky nang lanh dpo ban than: Trung thyc, chu ddng, ty trpng ty tin, dat myc tieu, tao dpng iQe eupc sdng, eae ky nang Qng xQ - giao tiep, quan he lang nghe, dam phan thuyet trinh, cac ky nang lam viec nhdm dong ddi, dac biet la Phat triln nang eao chi sd xQe cam - EQ- nhQ cam thy va yeu cai dpp, ,), Dpy va hpc thS nao de dat chat lUdng va hieu qu^ Khi da ec khung ehUdng trinh va npi dung hdp ly rdi thi thay va trd mdi ed dieu kien de dpy va hpc nham tdi chat lUdng thyc sU, Sau day, xin d l xu^t mot vai giai phap: " Khdng "nhoi nhet kiln thQc kieu dpe chep"."hpc thupc Idng" ma chu y ren cac ky nang eho hpc sinh tuj* theo cap hpc, mdn hpe, bai hpe ma ren cac ky nang (nhu Ky nang phan tfch, suy luan, tdng hop, Idgic, lap lupn.,.,Ky nang phat hien va GQVD, Ky nang TQduy sang tpp, phan biSn ,), Phai eoi trpng Vipe danh gia kit qua hpc tap khdng phai ch? vi bang cap diem sd- xem hpc sinh cd nhd cd Ihupc bai khdng, ma phai ed nhieu cau hoi va bai tap danh gia xem cac em da biet each phan tich, tdng hgfp, suy luSn van dung chUa, mQc dp hieu kiln thQc the nap.,, * Cae thay ed giao can giup hpc sinh ren luydn phUdng phap hpe tap, phUdng phap ty hpc, each dpc saeh hieu qua tUc la trao cho cac em chile chia khda de md cac canh cQa tri thCrc c&a loai ngudi, de cac em tofdng dan, cd duyc tUduy dpc GK dUdc tien hanh, IQc c6n ngheo chae kinh phf bien soan khdng nhilu nhung eae bp sach GK va khung ehUdng trinh h^p iy thdi fiy da gop phan quan trpng tao nen cac lUa hpe sinh va nguon nhan lye c6 chat lu^ng thyc sQ Nhilu chuyen gia GD cho rang, npi dung ehUdng trinh hi^n qua nang ne, nhieu phan chUa can thiet phai dUa vao (PGS Van NhUCUdng, chu bien sach hinh hpe thay mdn Toan c6 the lUdc giam 30% kiln thQc, cac mon khae cOng vay), N l u dQng nhu cao chuyen gia GD nhan djnh thi chUdng trinh GDPT se gpn nhe va thidt thyc hdn, khdng ehpy theo kien thUe, viee dpy va hpc se khdng bi"nhdi nhet" va nhu the thay va trd cd thdi gian de ren cac 1^ nang quan trpng tao nen nang lUc thye sy cho ngUdi, Neu hien tiln hanh viet SGK Ihi se vilt theo khung chUdng trinh va ndi dung nao? Se dua nhQng kiln thQc gi vao SGK? Se tfch hi?p nhQng kiln thQc va ky nang gi d cac mdn hpc, bpc hpc? Cd I h l ed nhieu bp SGK de thly va trd chpn lya khdng? DatfrnHpcsos-iou ^ 15 • lap va thdi quen hpc sudt ddi, Vi kien thQc hpc trUdng - ke ca d dpi hpc ch? dam ba nam sau la da Ipe hau, n l u cac em khdng c6 chia khoa nay, khong bill ly hpc thi cac em se se Ipe hau va khdng t h i hdi nhap dUdc vdi xa hdi hien dpi Vai de xuat ve dieu kien de ddi mdi giao dye cong Tat ca mpi ngudi deu thay, Giao dye va dao tpo la mdt edng viec to Idn khd khan va cd traeh nhiem cua ca nha trUdng gia dinh va xa hdi Su dau lU c6 hieu qua thyc chat cho giao dye khdng chi la khau hieu "Giao Dye la qudc sach hang dau" bai bao ngan chQng tdi cung ch? xin thQ d l xual vai y kiln, nhij'ng d l xuat khdng lieu ton nhieu tien, mong dUpe bpn dpc g6p y them ' C6 nhieu thay gidi tam huyet vdi nghl mdi ed the ed nen giao dye chat lUdng cao, chae cung edng nhan dilu Nha nUdc can cd e h l dp de khuyen khfch cac trudng sU phpm tuyen chpn va dao tao dUOc sinh vien gidi ca v l kiln thQc va nang lue sU phpm cac trUdng su phpm can cd dUdc ndi dung ehUdng trinh va phUdng phap dao tao hdp 1^, tang cUdng ren cac ky nang sU phpm, nghiep vy su phpm tien tiln cho nghe nghiep Nha nudc sdm ed ehe dp chfnh sach dai ngo chfnh dang v l liln ludng d l giao vien du sdng d l hp yen tam va hit long vdi nghl nghiep vi dy tang mQc lUdng va dai ngo hien ddi vdi giao vien (chac rang xa hdi se Qng ho va ddng tinh vdi cae ehu IrUdng nay), ' PhUdng tien c6ng nghe r^t nhilu thuan IqJi (giao trinh tai lieu, CNTT, Saeh dien tQ, giao an dien iQ, c6ng nghe nghe-nhin.,,), thay va trd can phai dUdc lam quen khai thac eae phUdng tien giup cho dpy va hpc dai hieu qua cao; song cac phUdng tien khdng the thay the viee dpy va hpe tham cht neu qua sa da thi lai phan tac dyng (nhU hoc sinh ludi suy nghT eh? ehd ket qua ed sin, bai giang thieu cam hQng chep sd eQng,,.) Du sae nganh giad due (cac trUdng DHSP, Vien KHGD, cac sd GD-DT) can phai xay dyng ThU vign di?n tii giao dye de phuc vy giac vien cap nhat bdi dudng IhUdng xuyen glQp thay trd ea nUde ed the tra cQu tren mpng eac tU lieu, eac videoelip minh hoa bo ich (vidy eae thf nghiamaoLy, Hoa, Sinh, hUdng dan eae phan mem dpy hpc, tdng ket eae ohUdng myc quan trong, hUdng d i n tich hpp kiln IhQc va cae ky nang cae mon hpe, eac bpc hpc, hUdng din each van dyng thUe hanh cae saeh dien tQ -E.book ha'p d i n giup cac em say me ty hpc, eae thay c6 e6 eae tu lieu cap nhat ty bdi dudng va cung la each dua CNTT vao nha trUdng hieu qua va tiet kiem nhat ' Odi mdl giao due phai dUa den met Xa hpi hpe tap IhUc sy Nhung hien Giao dye thudng xuyen -GDTX- rat bj xa h5i xem nhe vi nd khdng hudng tdi bang cap nao, nhUng ehinh nd tpo nen trinh dp dan tri va viec hpc sudt ddi, DUyc bilt, GDTX ch? duyc khoang 3% tdng kinh phf GD hang nam ma chu yeu de xoa mQ chQ eho cac vCing khd khan Hien ed hdn 10.000 Trung tam hpc tap epng ddng d eac phUdng xa nhung hopt dpng rat hinh IhQc, eh? cd 15-20% TTHTCD cd tu saeh, nhu t h i hoat ddng de gdp phan nang cao dan trf va de giup mpi IQa ludi cd the hpc sudt ddi De nghi eac Sd GD DT va mong nhQng nha hSo tam glQp trang bj cho mdi TTHTCD may tinh -man hinh, ttj saeh (saeh in va cac sach dipn tQ) de cac TTHTCD thyc sy di van hcM dpng, ehQng tdi tin rang d eae phudng xa deu cd cac giao vien da ngh? huu cd nhiet huyet sin sang hUdng d i n epng dong "hpc suot ddi" mdt each hieu qua thilt thyc Doi mdi can ban va toan di$n GD qua la mdt van de lo Idn va cd nhilu khd khan Mpt bai bao ngan chQng tdi ch? xin ban v l Id trinh cQa edng cupc ddi mdi va mdt vai de xuat ve cac g\h\ phap chac chan cd nhieu kiln edn can phai ban luan, mong duyc sy quan tam va gdp them y kien cua ban dpc Thifc trang (Tiep theo trang 21) trpng cua GDHN ddi vdi Ire khuyet tat, Cae ;/ kien dUa tUdng ddi tich eye nhin nhan vai trd cua GDHN vdi tre khuyet tat Day se la cha't xue tae quan trpng tpo nen edng eho GDHN tpi trUdng Mam non ThUc hanh Nhan thQc cua giao vien v l cong tac phd'i hdp GDHN cho tre khuyet tat De GDHN mang lai hieu qua can co sy phdi hdp cua nhilu lyc lUdng khac nhau, Vdi ndi dung chung tdi dd khao sat va thu dUde k i t qua: 100% y kien cho rang can ed sU phdi hdp vdi gia dinh; 93,3% y kiln cho rang can cd sy phdi hyp vdi cae Trung tam ho Irp hda nhap Cae phdi hdp khac ma nhieu giac vien eung dUa la hien ra't nhieu gia dinh thue gia sU ed chuyen mdn v l giao dye dae biet hd trd tpi gia dinh, NhU vay, phy huynh ddng vai trd quan trong cong tae giao dye hda nhap cho tre khuyet tat Ben cpnh dd tQ nhieu nam trUdng mam non Thyc hanh da va dang phdi hop vdi Trung tam ho try - phat trien giao due Dac biet thudc irUdng Cao dang sU phpm Trung Udng Nha Trang edng tae GDHN cho tre khuyet tat, Trung lam ho trd - phat trien giao dye Dpc biet se tham gia khau danh gia ban dau, hd trd thUdng xuyen qua Irinh hda nhap cua tre bang nhQng tiet ca nhan hang tuSn, 6, Nhan thUc c^a giao vien ve cac che dp chfnh sach phat trien GDHN tre khuyet tat Khao sat v l cae c h i dp chinh sach phat trien GDHN Ire khuyet tat chung tdi thu dUdc kit qua, Trong sd 30 giao vien dUde hdi ve cac che dp chinh sach phat tnen GDHN thi ed 73.3% y kien biet ve eac ehe dp chfnh saeh phat trien GDHN Con lpi 26.7% khdng bilt v l cac che dp chfnh sach phat trien GDHN Dieu cung cd the cac va'n de ehUa dudcphd biln rong rai tdi cac giao vien Mat khac, viec thyc hien GDHN cho tre khuyet tat ndi chung chUa dUdc dau tU va trien khai mpt each dong bd va quyet Net nen v I n ton tpi quan diem trudng trien khai thyc hien nhUng eung c6 nhOng trUdng khong ed dpng thai thyc hien GDHN Day eung la bai loan khd can Idi giai ddi vdi hien trang GDHN eua Viet Nam, Qua qua trinh khao sat thye te ehung tdi nhan Ihay rang nhan thQc ci^ia giao vien tai trUdng mam non ThUc hanh IrUc thupc trudng cao dang SU pham Trung Udng Nha Trang ve GDHN cho Ire khuyet tat la ra't tfch cUc TQ suy nghT den hanh ddng nha trUdng da quan triet eac giao vien thye hien GDHN cho tre khuyet lat bai ban, dung quy trinh, Tre hpc hda nhap ed nhieu tien bp ca v l h6a nhap nhan thQc lan hda nhap xa hdi, bUdc d I u lao dUng dUde Idng tin ci!ia nhieu bac phy huynh, TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Vu Thi Thuy, Nguyin Thi HUdng Giang-Tai li$u Giao dye hoa nhpp-TrUdngCDSPTLfNhaTrang-nam 2012 Tran Thj Thiep, Nguyin Xuan HSi, La Thj ThCiy Hang - Giao trinh- Giao due hda nhap- danh eho he CDSP Mam non - NXB Giao dye-2008 Quan lygiao dychoanhap-NXB phy nO2010 Website: www.sptwntedu.vn link TrUdng MN ThUe hanh