Bài tập Mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án I Lý thuyết cách làm Mệnh đề quan hệ 1 Định nghĩa mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề (Clause) là một phần của câu, nó có thể bao gồm nhiều từ hay có cấu trúc của cả một câu Mệnh[.]
Bài tập Mệnh đề quan hệ có đáp án I Lý thuyết cách làm Mệnh đề quan hệ Định nghĩa mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề (Clause) phần câu, bao gồm nhiều từ hay có cấu trúc câu Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để giải thích rõ danh từ đứng trước Xét ví dụ sau: The woman who is wearing the T-shirt is my girlfriend Trong câu phần viết chữ nghiêng gọi relative clause, đứng sau “the woman” dùng để xác định danh từ Nếu bỏ mệnh đề có câu hồn chỉnh: The woman is my girlfriend Các dạng mệnh đề Quan hệ A Relative Pronouns - Đại từ quan hệ Who Làm chủ ngữ, đại diện người I told you about the woman who lives next door Which Làm chủ ngữ tân ngữ, đại diện đồ vật, động vật Bổ sung cho câu đứng trước Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof? He couldn’t read which surprised me Whose Chỉ sở hữu cho người vật Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse? Whom Đại diện cho tân ngữ người I was invited by the professor whom I met at the conference That Đại diện cho chủ ngữ người, vật, đặc biệt mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (who, which sử dụng được) I don’t like the table that stands in the kitchen B Relative Clauses - Mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính từ) bắt đầu đại từ quan hệ: who, whom, which, that, whose hay trạng từ quan hệ: why, where, when Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước C Các đại từ quan hệ WHO - làm chủ từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay cho danh từ người … N (person) + WHO + V + O WHOM - làm túc từ cho động từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay cho danh từ người … N (person) + WHOM + S + V WHICH - làm chủ từ túc từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay cho danh từ vật ….N (thing) + WHICH + V + O ….N (thing) + WHICH + S + V THAT - thay cho vị trí who, whom, which mệnh đề quan hệ quan hệ xác định * Các trường hợp thường dùng “that”: - sau hình thức so sánh - sau từ: only, the first, the last - danh từ trước bao gồm người vật - sau đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ số lượng: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody, someone, something, somebody, all, some, any, little, none Ex: He was the most interesting person that I have ever met It was the first time that I heard of it These books are all that my sister left me She talked about the people and places that she had visited * Các trường hợp không dùng that: - mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định - sau giới từ WHOSE Dùng để sở hữu cho danh từ người vật, thường thay cho từ: her, his, their, hình thức ‘s … N (person, thing) + WHOSE + N + V … D Các trạng từ quan hệ WHY: mở đầu cho mệnh đề quan hệ tiếng Anh lý do, thường thay cho cụm for the reason, for that reason … N (reason) + WHY + S + V … Ex: I don’t know the reason You didn’t go to school for that reason → I don’t know the reason why you didn’t go to school WHERE: thay từ nơi chốn, thường thay cho there ….N (place) + WHERE + S + V … (WHERE = ON / IN / AT + WHICH) Ex: a/ The hotel wasn’t very clean We stayed t that hotel → The hotel where we stayed wasn’t very clean → The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t very clean WHEN: thay từ thời gian, thường thay cho từ then ….N (time) + WHEN + S + V … (WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH) Ex: Do you still remember the day? We first met on that day → Do you still remember the day when we first met? → Do you still remember the day on which we first met? I don’t know the time She will come back then → I don’t know the time when she will come back E Các loại Mệnh đề quan hệ Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): mệnh đề dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước Mệnh đề xác định mệnh đề cần thiết cho ý nghĩa câu, khơng có câu khơng đủ nghĩa Nó sử dụng danh từ danh từ không xác định khơng dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách với mệnh đề Mệnh đề quan hệ khơng hạn định (Non-defining relative clauses): mệnh đề cung cấp thêm thông tin người, vật việc xác định Mệnh đề không xác định mệnh đề khơng thiết phải có câu, khơng có câu đủ nghĩa Nó sử dụng danh từ danh từ xác định ngăn cách với mệnh đề hai dấu phẩy (,) hay dấu gạch ngang (-) Ex: Dalat, which I visited last summer, is very beautiful (Non-defining relative clause) Note: để biết dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta lưu ý điểm sau: - Khi danh từ mà bổ nghĩa danh từ riêng - Khi danh từ mà bổ nghĩa tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their) - Khi danh từ mà bổ nghĩa la danh từ với this , that, these, those G Một số lưu ý mệnh đề quan hệ Nếu mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ giới từ đặt trước sau mệnh đề quan hệ (chỉ áp dụng với whom which.) Ex: Mr Brown is a nice teacher We studied with him last year → Mr Brown, with whom we studied last year, is a nice teacher → Mr Brown, whom we studied with last year, is a nice teacher Có thể dùng which thay cho mệnh đề đứng trước Ex: She can’t come to my birthday party That makes me sad → She can’t come to my birthday party, which makes me sad Ở vị trí túc từ, whom thay who Ex: I’d like to talk to the man whom / who I met at your birthday party Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định , bỏ đại từ quan hệ làm túc từ:whom, which Ex: The girl you met yesterday is my close friend The book you lent me was very interesting Các cụm từ số lượng some of, both of, all of, neither of, many of, none of … dùng trước whom, which whose Ex: I have two sisters, both of whom are students She tried on three dresses, none of which fitted her II Bài tập Mệnh đề quan hệ Exercise 1: Sunday is the day I go to Water park with my kinds a when b where c why d which Do you know the reason 006 was killed? a when b where c why d which That was the reason he didn’t marry her a when b where c why d which An architect is someone deigns buildings a who b whom c which d whose The boy to I lent my money is poor a that b whom c who d which The land and the people I have met are nice a who b whom c that d which Did you ever find out penetrated in your house last month? a who b whom c that d which The year the first man traveled in space will never be forgotten a which b that c when d where I cannot tell you all I heard a Which b that c as d because 10 I can answer the question you day is very difficult a which b whom c who d whose 11 We saw the girl you say is beautiful a which b whom c who d whose 12 This is the place the battle took place ten years ago a which b in where c where d from where 13 Sunday is the day which we usually go fishing a during b at c in d on 14 The person you want to see is not her a who b whom c whose d which 15 This is the last time I speak to you a of which b that c who d whose 16 He talked about the books and the authors interested him a who b that c which d whom 17 He talked about the books and the authors interested him a who b that c which d whom 18 You know your lesson surprises me a who b which c that d no word is needed 19 Bondi is the beautiful beach I used to sunbathe a when b where c which d why 20 Dec 26th, 2005 was the day the terrible tsunami happened a when b where c why d which Đáp án: 1a 2a 3c 4a 5b 6c 7a 8c 9b 10a 11c 12c 13d 14b 15c 16a 17b 18d 19b 20a Exercise The woman lives nest door is doctor a who b whom c which d whose The boy Mary likes is my son a who b whom c which d whose The boy _ eyes are brown is my son a who b whom c which d whose The book is on the table is interesting a who b whom c which d whose The book you bought yesterday is interesting a who b whom c which d whose The table legs are broken should be repaired a who b whom c which d whose The book you bought yesterday is interesting a who b whom c which d of which This is the room 006 was killed a when b where c why d which The princess was happy during the years she lived with the fairy a when b in which c where d that 10 The town we are living is noisy and crowded a in where b which c at which d where 11 The year we came to live here was 1975 a when b which c that d in the time 12 The teacher house is next to mine died this morning a who b whom c which d whose 13 He was loyal to trusted him a whomever b whom c whoever d what 14 The knife we cut bread is very sharp a with that b which c with which d that 15 Tonight I'll the assignment gave us last week a the teacher b who the teacher c whom the teacher d of the teacher 16 The lady son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school a who b whom c whose d that 17 He has just gone to his friend's house there is a party today a who b whom c whose d that 18 Take measures you consider best a however b whenever c wherever d whatever 19 difficulties you may encounter, I'm sure you'll succeed a how b what ever c however d how greater 20 He is the only friend I like a who b that c whom d whose Đáp án: 1a 2b 3d 4c 5c 6d 7d 8b 9a 10d 11a 18d 19b 20b 12d 13c 14c 15a 16c 17d Exercise What was the name of the girl phoned you lost night? a who b whom c which d whose What was the name of the girl you phone last night? a who b whom c which d whose The bed which I slept was too soft a in b on c at d for I didn’t get the job which I applied a in b on c at d for The man whom she is married has been married twice before a in b on c at d to The party which we went wasn't very enjoyable a in b on c at d to Who was that girl whom you were yesterday? a with b on c at d in The fight which we wanted to travel was fully booked a in b on c at d for I enjoy my job because I like the people whom I work a in b on c at d for 10 I wasn't interested in the things which they were talking a in b on c at d about 11 The house which I am living is not in very good condition a in b on c at d for 12 My brother Jim, lives in Houston, is a doctor a that b who c whom d which 13 Brad told me about his new job, he's enjoying very much a that b who c whom d which 14 We stayed at the Grand Hotel, Ann recommended to us a who b whom c which d that 15 My English teacher, comes from Australia, loves computers a who b whom c which d that 16 She is the most beautiful girl ever lived a who b whom c whose d that 17.There were two small rooms in the beach house served as a kitchen a the smaller of which b the smallest of which c the smaller of them d smallest of that 18 The decision was postponed, was exactly what he wanted a which b that c who d whom 19 All the people have gone into the room are still young a who b whom c whose d that 20 The year he died was full of calamities a on which b which c in which d where Đáp án: 1a 2b 3a 4d 5d 6d 7a 8b 9d 10d 11a 20c 12b 13d 14c 15a 16d 17a Exercise The new model, had just come out, is the best so far a who b whom c whose d which The rumour we heard yesterday is not true a that b which c no word is needed d all are correct The picnic was postponed, was due to the weather 18a 19d a which b that c who d whom I was happy during the years I lived with my grandfather a when b that c in which d where The area we are living is quiet a which b at which c in where d where The man she loves has been captured by the enemy a who b whom c whose d which The student you just met is in one of my classes a his parents b whose parents c parents of his d parents who The woman lives next door to us is a weather forecaster on a local TV station a whose b she c whom d who The speech we listened last night was informative a to which b which to c to that d that 10 This morning I met Diane, I hadn't seen for ages a who b whom c which d that 11 Amy, car had broken down, was in a very bad mood a who b whom c whose d that 12 Mrs Bond is going to spend a few weeks in Sweden, her daughter lives a when b where c why d that 13 Jack has three brothers, all of are married a who b whom c which d that 14 They gave us a lot of information, most of was useless a who b whom c which d that 15 There were a lot of people at the party, only a few of I had met before a whom b whom c them d that 16 I have sent him two letters, neither of has arrived a who b them c which d that 17 John won $20,000, half of he gave to his parents a it b whom c which d that 18 Ten people applied for the job, none of were suitable a who b whom c them d that 19 She couldn't come to the party, was perfectly true a who b it c which d that 20 Jill isn't on the phone, makes it difficult to contact her a which b that c who d it Đáp án: 1d 2d 3a 4a 5d 6b 7b 8d 9a 10b 11c 13b 14c 15b 16c 17c 18b 19c 20a 12b Exercise You need to talk to a person you can trust You will feel better if you a whose b which c whom d Ø Bod is the kind of person to one can talk about anything a who b whom c that d him He is a person friends trust him a who b his c that d whose I'm looking for an electric can opener also can sharpen knives a who b whom c which d Ø People live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones a who b whom c which d Ø The problems Tony has seem insurmountable a what b he c that d Ø The man I introduced you to last night may be the next president of the university a which b whom c that d Ø Cathy is trustworthy She's a person upon you can always depend a who b whom c that d Ø Your career should focus on a field in you are genuinely interested a which b what c that d Ø 10 People outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people a whose b whom c that d which 11 They said they didn’t have any money, was a pity a which b that c this d it 12 I haven't got a passport, means I can't leave my country a which b that c this d it 13 He offered to let me stay in his house, was very nice of him a this b which c it d that 14 They didn't thank us for the meal before they left I thought was very rude of them a this b which c it d that 15 The part of town where I live is very noisy at night, makes it difficult to sleep a this b where c that d which 16 That's the room I used to stay a which b when c where d why 17 That's the one they serve the best food a which b when c where d why 18 That's the one they serve the best food a where b which c when d why 19 Doc Let is the beach I used to sunbathe a where b which c when d why 20 It was the time I had a lot of toys a where b which c when d why Đáp án: 1c 2b 3d 4b,c 5a 6c,d 7b,c,d 8b 9a 10a 11a 12a 13b 14b 15d 16c 17b 19a 20c 18a Exercise That is the place _ the accident occurred a where b which c on which d that There was a time _ movies cost a dime a as b where c when d which One of the people _ I admire most in the history of the world is Gandhi a that b which c whose d of them I enjoyed talking to he people _ I had dinner last night a to whom b with whom c with that d with whose I received two job offers, _ I accepted a neither of which b neither of them c neither of that d neither of whom I have three brothers, _ are professional athletes a two of which b two of whom c both of which d two of them Sally lost her job, _ wasn't surprising a that b what c it d which Her boss fired her, _ made her angry a that b what c which d it Those were the days _ we played truant a where b which c why d when 10 That was the time _ I was unhappy a where b when c which d why 11 That's the reason _ I didn’t come to the meeting last night a where b when c which d why 12 I must find a time _ I can tell her the truth a where b how c when d why 13 I know a place _ there are a lot of daffodils a where b how c when d why 14 Dr Sales is a person _ a In whom I don’t have much confidence b In that I don’t have much confidence c whom I don't have much confidence in him d I don’t have much confidence 15 "Is April twenty-first the day _?" "No, the twenty - second" a you'll arrive then b when you'll arrive c on that you'll arrive d when you'll arrive on 16 The severe drought _ occurred last summer ruined the corn crop a that it b which it c it d that 17 Florida, _ the Sunshine State, attracts many tourists every year a is b knows as c is known as d that is known as 18 The new shopping mall is gigantic It's advertised as a place _ you can find just about anything you might want to buy a where b which c in where d in that 19 I have always wanted to visit Paris, _ of France a is the capital b which the capital is c that is the capital d the capital 20 The chemistry book _ was a little expensive a that I bought it b I bought that c what I bought d I bought Đáp án: 1a 2c 3a 4b 5a 6b 7d 8c 9d 10b 11d 12c 13a 14a 15b 16d 17b 18d 19d 20d Exercise Chọn đáp án để hoàn thành câu sau She is talking about the author book is one of the best - sellers this year A which B whose C that D who He bought all the books are needed for the next exam A that B what C those D who The children, parents are famous teachers, are taught well A that B whom C whose D their Do you know the boy we met at the party last week? A which B whose C who D whom The exercises which we are doing very easy A is B has been C are D was The man _ next to me kept talking during the film, _really annoyed me A having sat / that B sitting / which C to sit / what D sitting / who Was Neil Armstrong the first person foot on the moon? A set B setting C to set D who was set This is the village in my family and I have lived for over 20 years ... back E Các loại Mệnh đề quan hệ Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses): mệnh đề dùng để xác định... biệt mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (who, which sử dụng được) I don’t like the table that stands in the kitchen B Relative Clauses - Mệnh đề quan hệ Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính từ) bắt đầu đại từ quan. .. quan hệ: who, whom, which, that, whose hay trạng từ quan hệ: why, where, when Mệnh đề quan hệ dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước C Các đại từ quan hệ WHO - làm chủ từ mệnh đề quan hệ - thay