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NGHIEN Cinj THOC TIEN GIAO DUG THirC TRANG Kl NANG GIAI QUYET TINH HUONG SlT PHAM CUA GIAO VIEN VOfl TRE MAM NON Ot TRlfdNG MAM NON MINH KHAI BAG Tir LIEM, HA NOI v u THj THU HA TruOng Cao d^ng SU pha[.]
NGHIEN Cinj THOC TIEN GIAO DUG THirC TRANG Kl NANG GIAI QUYET TINH HUONG SlT PHAM CUA GIAO VIEN VOfl TRE MAM NON Ot TRlfdNG MAM NON MINH KHAI-BAG Tir LIEM, HA NOI v u THj THU HA TruOng Cao d^ng SU pham Trung Uflng Ha Nfif Email: Havutbn@gmall.com Tdm tdt: Bdi viet di sdu tim hieu thue trang kindng mam non, cu the Idm sdng td cdc vdn desau quyet tinh hudng sUpham gidi quyet tinh huong sUpham quyet tinh huong sUpham ciia bdn than; 3/ ThUc trang gidi quyet linh hudng khdn gido vien mdm non gap phdi gidi quyet tinh hudng quyet tinh hudng supham mam non vdi tie sUpham; sUpham cua gido vien mdm non, 4/Kho 5/ Nguyen nhdn dnh hudng den thUc trang giai ciia gido vien mdm non, 6/De xudt mdt so gidi phdp ndng cao ki ndng gidi quyet tinh huong SUpham cho gido vien mdm non Tit khda: Tmh huong supham; kindng gidi quyet tinh hudng sUpham; (Nhdn bai 01/11/2016, Nhdn ket qud phdnbienvd gido viin; tre mdm chinh sda ngdy 01/12/2016; D a t v a n d e O e giai q u y e t t i n h h u d n g sU p h a m (GQTHSP) dat hieu qua g i a o due d d i hdi g i a o vien m a m n o n (GVMN) phdi ed t n thQc li luan va t n thQc t h u c t i e n ve cac ITnh vue gido due, d d n g t h d i phai a m hieu sau sdc ve dac d i e m t a m li vd smh li cua t r e m a m n o n Day t h u e sU la v a n d e k h d n g dOn g i a n , Ben canh nhQng G V M N linh hoat, ehu d d n g t r o n g G Q T H S P t h i v a n c o n nhQng GVMN giai q u y e t k h d n g t h a u dao hoac lam d u n g chQc q u y e n cua m i n h de tran ap tre, d a n d e n nhQng p h a n Qng t i e u cue t U phia tre, p h u h u y n h va xa hdi Han che cua GVMN GQTHSP la ehUa xdc d j n h duae mau t h u a n chQa d u n g t r o n g rinh h u o n g , chua van d u n g d u a c nhQng t n thdc khoa hoc de p h a n tich dien bien t a m li cua tre, chua xac d m h d u o c n g u y e n n h a n ehu q u a n , khach q u a n , n g u y e n n h a n c h i n h , n g u y e n n h a n p h u gay t m h h u o n g , chua d a n h gid, rut kinh n g h i e m sau GQTHSP Do d o hieu qua GQTHSP chUa cao Van de dat la can d a n h gia d u n g t h u e t r a n g ki n a n g GQTHSP (KNGQTHSP) eua GVMN vdi tre, t r e n c o sd d d de xuat m d t sd giai p h a p n h d m n a n g cao KNGQTHSP c h o GVMN Thuc trang ki n a n g gidi q u y e t t i n h h u d n g sU p h a m cua giao vien m a m n o n v d i tr^ m a m n o n d Trudng M a m non M i n h Khai - Bdc TU Liem, Ha Npi D e d a n h gia KNGQTHSP, c h i i n g t d i t i e n h d n h sQ d y n g p h i e u dieu tra ket h o p vdi t r d c h u y e n , p h d n g van, d u g i d q u a n sat hoat d d n g c h a m sdc giao due tre m a m n o n cua 50 GVMN d ba co sd Van Tri, N g u y e n Xa, Phuc Li eua TrQdng M a m n o n M m h Khai • q u a n Bac TQ L i e m - H a Ndi 2.1 Nhdn thitc cua GVMN ve su cdn thiet cua ki ndng giai quyet tinh hudng suphqm hoat dpng chdm sdc vd gido due tre Bang eho thay da so GVMN da nhan thdc d u o c • KHOA HOC BIAO DUC eiia gido viin 1/Nhdn thdc cua gido vien mdm non ve tdm quan trpng eiia kindng gioi hoat ddng chdm sdc - gido due tre; 2/ Gido vien mdm non tU ddnh gid ve ki ndng gioi non Duyet ddng ngdy 27/12/2016) Bdng 1: Nhdn thde cua GVMN ve tdm quan ciia KNGQTHSP Ket qua dieu tra Cac mQc d o Sd luong Rat can thiet 47 % 94 Can thiet Khong can thiet 0 t d m q u a n t r o n g cua KNGQTHSP t r o n g qua t r i n h cham sdc va g i a o due tre, Cu t h e , ed / GVMN ehiem 94% y kien c h o rdng KNGQTHSP la rat can t h i e t va khdng cd GVMN nao d a n h gia t h a p vai t r d cua KNGQTHSP h o a t d d n g c h a m sdc - g i a o due tre, N h a vay, GVMN da n h a n thUe d u n g t a m q u a n t r o n g eua KNGQTHSP 2.2 TU ddnh gid ki nang gidi quyet tinh hudng sil pham cua gido vien mdm non Caeh t i n h d i e m - Cao - d i e m , t r u n g binh - diem, thap - diem Thang ddnh gia' + D i e m t r u n g b i n h tQ2,5 - 3,0 d i e m dat mQc cao + D i e m t r u n g b i n h tQ - 2,49 dat mQe t r u n g binh + O i e m t r u n g b i n h tQ - 9 dat mQc thap Bang c h o t h a y da sd GVMN d a n h gia KNGQTHSP cua b a n t h a n d mQc t r u n g b i n h (2 15 diem), Trong do, / c h i e m % G V M N d a n h gia cao nhat la ki nang p h a t hien va n h d n biet rinh h u d n g s u p h a m , 19/50 chiem % GV d a n h gia dat mQc t r u n g b i n h va chi ed GV danh gia dat m d e t h a p c h i e m % Hau het eac G V M N t h d a n h a n ki n a n g t i m kiem p h u o n g an giai q u y e t rinh h u d n g va ki n a n g kiem tra, d a n h gia ket qua cua b a n t h a n d mQc t h a p , Cu the d ki n a n g t i m cae p h u o n g an GQTHSP chi dat 1.88 diem, t r o n g d d % G V M N d a n h gia d mQe cao, % d mifc NGHIEN GOU THUC TIEN GIAO DUG ^ Ki nang van dung kiln thijfctam lihpcde ligidi nhijfng tdc dpng cCia nguydn nhan dan den tinh hudng sU pham Trang Unh Thip OTB va kT nang hilu rd hodn cSnh SL SL gia dinh cua tr^ mac diJ cung 19 38 IS dat miJfc trung binh (s6 diem dat dUdc ndm khodng 25 50 10 20 2.1 ti^ 2.0 den 2.49 dilm) nhtmg so diem thap, lan lUdt Id 2.0 vd 20 40 18 36 ^ 2.08 diem Cd tdi 32% GVMN khdng hilu ve hoan cdnh gia dinh cCia tr^ vd 20% GVMN 25 50 10 2.3 hiem van dung nhiifng kiln thijtc tam It hoc vao gidi 17 34 17 34 1.98 quyet tinh huong Nhu vay viec xdc djnh nguyen nhan 2.15 gay tinh huong dat mtJc trung binh Id mdt kho khan viec tim kiem phucmg an gidi quyit tinh huong Bdng 2: Tuddnh gid KNGQTHSP cda GVMN Milrcdd SIT Ki ning giii quyet ftih huong sir pham Cao SL % Ki ndng phat hien va nhdn biet tinh hudng 28 56 KF ndng xdc djnh nguyen nhan gay tinh IS huong KF nang tim cac phuong dn gidi quyd tinh hudng 12 24 KF nang lua chpn phuong dn tdi Uu d l gidi quyet tinh huong 20 40 Ki ning kiem tra, ddnh gia ket qud 16 32 Diem ming binh chung 30 % % trung b'lnh, 16% d mijrc thap Ki nang kiem tra, danh gid kit qud chi dat 1.98 diem, 32% GV ddnh gid minh dat d mijFc cao, 34% dat d muic trung binh, 34% dat - Ve kinang dm kiem cdc phuang dn gidi quyet (dat d mOc thap 1.89 diem < 2.0 dilm) dat mQc thIp, dieu ndy triing 23 Tiufc trang kinang giii quyit tinh huong sit vcfi t u danh gid cua GVMN (1.88 ffiem < 2.0 diem) Cd kT pham gidi quyit cdc bdi tdp tinh huong ndng bp phdn deu dat mQc diem thap Id: ' Oe danh gid day du hem ve KNGQTHSP cOa GVMN -1- Ndm vQng nguyen tac giao tiep Qng xd (1.78 chung toi dUa 20 bai tap tinh hudng su pham vd yeu diem), chi cd 10/50 GVMN chiem 20% thUdng xuy^n cau 50GVMN gidi quyet, k i t hop vdi dugid quan sdt bieu ndm vQng nguyen tdc giao tiep Qng xCf, cd tdi 21/50 hi^n ve cdckF nang cu the cua KNGQTHSP cCia GVMN GVMN chilm 42% khdng nSm dUOc cdc nguyen tdc Cdch tinh dilm: Thudng xuyen - diem, thinh + Huy dpng dUoc tri thilc tdm ti hoc va kinh nghi&m thodng - diem, hiem Ichi - diem cd lien quan vao GQTH cung dat d mQc thIp (1.96 dilm), Thang ddnh gid: chi cd 15/50 ehiem 30% GVMN thudng xuyen huy ddng -I- Oiem trung binh tCf 2-5 - 3.0 diem dat mure cao dupe tri thiJtc tam li hpc vd kinh nghiem cd lien quan vdo + Diem trung binh tif 2.0 - 2.49 diem dat mQc trung gidi quyet tinh hudng, ed tdi 17/50 GVMN chiem 34% binh hiem ldm dUOc nhuvay + Oiem trung binh t01.0 -1.99 diem dat mQc thap -I- Ki nang xay dUng duoc nhieu phUOng dn gidi Bdng cho thay mac du GVMN the hien ca loai kT quyet khdc dat 1.92 diem, chi 26% GVMN thudng nang cu the GQTHSP nhutig ti le cdc ki nang ndy cd xuyen xay dutig dUdc nhieu phUdng dn giai quyet khac su khdc nhat dinh nhau, cd 34% GVMN hiem lam dUdc nhuvdy -Ve kinang phdt hiin vd nhdn biit tinh huong: GVM.U - Ve Kindng lua chpn phuang dn tdi uu digidi quyet ddnh gia kl nang phdt hien va nhan biet tinh hudng cua tinh huong dat mQc trung binh (2.33 diem, theo tliang minh dat miJc cao (2.5 diem) nhung thuc te chi dat mUe ddnh gid tQ 2.0 - 2.49 diem Id mQc trung binh), GVMN trung binh (234 diem) Nguyen nhan la 34/50 (chiem cung tuddnh gid kT ndng ndy eua bdn than d mUe trung 68%) GVMN kip thdi phdt hien tinh hudng sU pham binh (2.3 diem) Trong dd dat mde cao nhdt Id cong bdng nhung lai chi co 10/50 GVMN (chiem 20%) cd kl nang van vdi mpi tri, chdp nhdn sU khdc biit eua tdng tri vd khdng dung kiin thUc tam li hpc de phan dodn vd phdn tich gay gdt thdnh kien, tho bao vdi tri (2.76 diem), cd 38/50 di^n bien tdm II cua tr^ tinh huong GVMN chiem 76% thudng xuyen lam nhU vay vd khdng - Ve ki ndng xdc dinh nguyen nhdn gdy tinh hudng cd GVMN ndo khdng cd bleu hien Dat mde thdp cung dat mure trung binh (< 2.49 diem) trung vdi tUddnh nhdt Id khd ndng phdn tich duae Uu diem vd nhuac diem gid cua GVMN Trong dd cd kl nang thuc te dat mufe cao ciia tdng phucmg dn, xdc djnh dupe mde dp phu hop cua ede phuang dn de dUa vdo gidi quyet tinh hudng (1.96 (> 2.5 diem): + Mdt la; Tao ca hpi cho tri ndi vd Idng nghe tre diem), ehi cd 14/50 GVMN chilm 28% thudng xuyen lam giai bdy suvi^ {2.66 diem), CO 34/50 ehiem 68% GVMN dupe nhu vdy va cd tdi 16/50 GVMN chilm 32% it lam thucRig icuyen lam nhu vay, chi cd 1/50 GVMN ehiem 2% duoc nhu vay Kit qud cung la nguyen nhan dan d i n viec iQa chpn phuong dn tac ddng cua GVMN ehUa cao hiem tao co hdi cho tre trinh bay sUviec + Hai \a:Xdcdlnh dUOcnguyen nhdn chu quan • khdch - Ve kJ ndng kiem tra, ddnh gid kit qud cung dat quarr Nguyen nhdn tU ed, ti^ tr^, tQ ngUdi khdc, tU hoan mQc trung binh (2.23 diem), tU danh gid eua cdnh (dat 2.64 diem), ed 34/50 chiem 68% GVMN thudng GVMN thi kT ndng ndy chi dat d mQc thap (1.98 diem) xuyen xdc dmh dupc nguyen nhan cua tinh hudng su Nhuvdy GVMN ddnh gid kT ndng phdt hien va nhan biet pham chi cd 2/50 GVMN chiem 4% hiem xdc djnh tinh hudng sU pham eua minh dat mQe thap nhQng thQc duoc nguyen nhdn cda tinh hudng su pham te dat mQc trung binh Nguyen nhan la 40/50 GVMN, Stil35-1HANG12/Z016>65 & NGHIEN CUV THIfC TIEN GIAO DUC Bang 3: Thi/c trang KNGQTHSP gja GVMN MQc SIT Cackinang BTB Thudng xuyen Thinh thodng Hiem SL [ % SL I % SL I'H 34 68 13 26 Kinang phdt hien va nhan biet tinh hudng KIP thdi phat hien duoe tinh hudng sU pham xay hoat ddng cham sdc - giao due tre Van d u n g kien thQc tam li hoe de phan doan va phan tich dien bien t a m li cua tre rinh h u d n g sU p h a m 10 20 18 36 22 44 1.76 Binh tinh, kiem che cam xue tieu cUe, dieu chinh thai d d p h u h o p 35 70 12 24 2,64 2,66 Diem trung binh 2,6J 34 Kinang xdc dinh nguyen nhan gay tinh hudng Tao eO hdi cho tr^ noi va Idng nghe tre giai bay sU viec 34 68 15 30 2 Biet ro hoan cdnh gia dinh cua tre 20 40 14 28 16 32 2,08 Hieu va danh gia d u n g ve dac d i e m t a m li va smh li 27 54 20 40 48 Xac d m h duoc nguyen nhan chu quan - khaeh quan gay THSP 34 68 14 28 2.64 Van d u n g daac kien thQc tam U hoe de li giai n h d n g tae d d n g cua nguyen nhan dan den tinh hudng 10 20 30 60 10 20 21 42 178J Oiem trung binh 2.37 Kinang tim kiem cdc phuong dn gidi quyet Ndm v u n g nguyen tdc giao tiep Qng xQ vdi tre: Yeu t h u a n g tre nhU em, t a m thien y, hanh vi - c d chi diu hien, thda m a n hop It cae n h u cau eO ban, day di hen vdi d d Huy d o n g duoc tn thQc tam li hoc va kmh n g h i e m ed hen quan vao gidi quyet tinh hudng 15 30 18 36 17 34 1.96 Xay d u n g duoc nhieu p h u o n g an gi^i quyet khac 13 26 20 40 17 34 1,92 40 16 32 196 2,1 10 20 19 Diem trung binh 38 1,89 Kinang lua chpn phuang an toi Uu degiai quyet tinh hudnq Phan tfch duoe uu diem va nhuac d i e m eiia t d n g p h u a n g an, xdc d m h duoe mQc d d phu hop cua cac p h u o n g an de dua vao gidi quyet t i n h h u d n g Nhay ben, linh hoat viec van d u n g kl nang nhan xet, d a n h gia va ki nang dong vien giai quyet t m h hudng Tranh duoc viec s d d u n g uy quyen de ap dat tre giai quyet t m h h u d n g Cong bang vdi moi tre, chap nhan su khac biet cda tQng tre va k h d n g gay gSt kien, t h d bao vai tre 38 76 Luon can nhac, than trong viee quyet d m h qiai quvet t i n h hudno 29 SR 14 28 20 17 34 21 42 12 24 20 40 74 48 fi 1? ?7R 12 24 0 2,76 70 40 ?SlS Diem trung binh 2,33 Kinang kiem tra, ddnh gid kit qud Kiem tra, danh gia sau giai quyet xong tinh h u d n q Rut duoe kmh nghiem cho ban than sau giai quye't rinh h u d n g va dp d u n g vao gi^i quyet cae tinh hudng t u o n q tU Luon giai quyet theo huang giao due tre va qiup Ire phat tnen tot hon Luon y thUc hoc hoi, boi d u o n g chuyen mdn nghiep vu va ren luyen p h a m chat dao due nghe nqhiep Thay hai tong sau giai quyet xong t m h hudnq 12 74 17 34 ?1 42 lfl7 18 36 15 30 27 34 2.22 16 30 fin ,, 40 80 16 3? 16 4? 36 Diem trung binh Diem trunq binh chunn 6 • KHGA HOC GIAO DUC 2,23 2.76 % NGHICN CfiU THUC TliN G U O DUC fidng 4: Khd khdn GVMN gap phdi qud trinh ' ^ GQTySP MuTcdd Thudng xuyen Kh6khan STT Thinh thoang Hiem TB TIllJ hang SL % SL % SL % Thieu kien thQc khoa hpc ve q u y t r i n h GQTHSP 32 64 16 32 2.6 Hieu biet ve ddc d i e m t d m - sinh li cua tre m a m n o n dQdi g o c d o khoa hoc cdn han che 37 74 10 20 2.68 Trd q u d khdc biet ve dac diem cd nhan va hodn cdnh gia d m h 44 88 12 0 2.88 ST sd tr^ t r o n g Idp q u d d d n g 47 94 0 2.94 Lung t u n g , hdi hop, chua t U t i n ddi m a t vdi THSP 18 36 22 44 10 20 2.16 10 Khd nang h u y d d n g kien thQc vd hieu biet vao viec GQTHSP chUa cao 26 52 18 36 12 2.4 Khd ndng sang Ipc va iQa chpn p h a a n g dn gidi quyet t i n h h u d n g t d i Ou edn han che 23 46 20 40 14 2.32 8 SQ d u n g phUOng t i e n giao tiep bang n g o n ngQ, phi ngdn ngQ, vat chat 22 cdn d a n dieu 44 21 42 14 2.3 9 Khd kiem ehe xue cam, hanh vi eua ladn t h a n (de ndi n d n g , eau gdt, la mdng } 30 20 40 15 30 11 2.76 2.52 15 10 Tinh hudng cua tr^ qua da dang va nhieu bat n g d nen khd rut dupe 41 gidi phdp ehung 82 12 11 GVMN ban rpn vdi qua nhieu cdng viec cham sdc - giao due nen khdng c o t h d i gian gidi quyet triet d l tinh hudng s U p h a m 56 20 40 D i e m t r u n g binh chiem 80% ed y thufc hpc hdi, bdi dudng chuyen mdn nghiep vu vd ren luyen pham chat dao ddc nghe nghiep, Nhung lai chi cd 12/50 GVMN (chiem 24%) cd kT ndng kiem tra, ddnh gid cdi duae vd eai chUa dUOc sau GQTHSP, ed tdi 21/50 GVMN ehiem 42% hiem kiem tra, ddnh gia, Hon nOa cung chi cd 16/50 GVMN chiem 32% cam thay hdi long sau l