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XAY M m VA PHAT TRIM VAl\I HOA TO CHlJC TRUOWG DAI HOC LAO D0I\1G XA HOI TRONG GIAI DOAN DOI MOI TS Luc Manh Hien Trudng Bgi hgc Lao dgng Xd hgi Tom tat Ly lu in v i thQc tien da chQng minh rang, v i[.]
XAY M m VA PHAT TRIM VAl\I HOA TO CHlJC TRUOWG DAI HOC LAO D0I\1G - XA HOI TRONG GIAI DOAN DOI MOI TS Luc Manh Hien Trudng Bgi hgc Lao dgng - Xd hgi Tom tat Ly l u i n v i thQc tien da chQng minh rang, v i n hda td chQc ed vai trd het sQc quan trgng viec tao nen sU phat trien dot pha va ben vQng cho td chQc nhd p h i t huy duge ngudn luc ngi sinti va tim kiem, dung nap cic nguon lUe ngoai sinh Oai hge Lao dgng - Xa hdi (OHLOXH) l i mdt to chQc dac thu gdm cic td chQe eO sd trUe ttiudc vdi nhQng khic biet ve van hda (TrUdng bao gdm 03 ca sd) tao mdt td chQc Idn Bdi vay van de xay dQng van hda to chQe OHLOXH cd vai trd rat quan trgng viec p h i t huy tinh lien thdng, lien ket, chia se ngudn lUc giQa eae to chQe eon v i dong thdi khac phuc nhQng tdn tai, mau thuan, xung dot l i m i n h hUdng, c i n trd q u i trinh p h i t trie'n ben vQng cua OHLOXH Tdkhoa: Phdt trien, vdn hda td ehdc, xdy dung vdn hda to ehdc Abstract Viewed from both theoretical and practical aspects, organizational culture has been proved to have an important role in creating a breakthrough and sustainable development for the organization by making use of internal resources and absorbing external resources Consisting of affiliates witli different organizational cultures, University of Labor and Social Affairs (ULSA) is a big organization in which the building of organizational culture is considered to be crucial in improving the connectivity and balancing the resources among the affiliates Additionally, a sound organizational culture structure will helps to overcome the existing drawbacks and conflict that has hindered the sustainable development of ULSA Keywords: Development organizational culture, organizational culture building Van hoa to chQc va van hoa nha trUcrng Van hda to chQc l i mdt khii niem khoa hgc td chUc-quan ly xuat hien d Au My tU nhQng nam 80 cua the ki trudc v i hien l i mgt khii niem thjnh h i n h va dugc phd bie'n rdng rai N h i trudng, xet ve b i n c h i t la mgt to chQc hanh chinh - sU pham Van h o i td chQc cua mdt n h i trudng l i he thdng niem tin, g i i trj, chuan mUc, thdi quen va truyen thdng hinh t h i n h q u i trinh phat trie'n cua nha trudng, dugc cic vien nha trudng thQa nhan, lam theo va dugc the hien cic hinh thai vat chat va tinh than, tU dd tao nen b i n sac rieng cho mdi td chQc sU pham Dd chinh l i nhQng yeu td van hda dugc chgn Ige, hinh thanh, vun d i p c i q u i trinh xay dung - trudng va nhung yeu td van hda mdi the hien Udc vgng, mong mudn cua c i n bd, g i i n g vien va sinh vien ve nha trudng cd the tao l i p tQng bQdc nham dem den sQ p h i t trien mdi phu hgp vdi yeu cau eua xa hdi Van hoa to chQe phu hgp, tich cue se tao cac mdi quan he tdt dep giQa cic c i n bd, g i i o vien, n h i n vien tap the sQ pham, giQa giao vien va hgc sinh; ddng thdi tao mdt mdi trQdng l i m viec t h o i i mai, vui ve, lanh manh Od l i nen t i n g tinh t h i n cho su sing tao - dieu vd cung quan trgng ddi vdi hoat dgng sQ pham m i ddi tQgng l i tri thQc v i ngudi NhQng hinh thai va cap the hien cua van hoa td chQc nha trQdng 2.7 Phdn noi co tinb vat chdt - Cac hinh thai vat the hQu hinh nhu nhQng kien true khdng gian trudng ldp, ban ghe, canh quan trang tri ldp hgc v i cinh quan chung cua trudng hgc, thiet bi day hgc ; - Cic hinh thai ky hieu nhu cac tuyen ngdn ve triet ly, sQ menh, cac nguyen tic, quy djnh, ndi quy ; - Cic hanh vi cd the nhin thi'y nhQ nghi thuc t i p the, eich td chQc cac hoat ddng tap the nhu td chQc p h i t thudng, sinh nhat, tham vieng, lien hoan t i p the giao vien, hgc sinh; So 35 thing 8/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE [9] - Cic hinh thQc sQ dung ngdn ngQ: logo, khau hieu hanh dgng, ngdn ngQ xQng hd giao tiep glQa giio vien vdi g i i o vien, giQa g i i o vien vdi hge sinh va giQa hge sinh vdi ; - Cic bieu tugng, truyen thuyet, cic eiu ehuyen truyen tie'u l i m dugc xay dUng v i trinh bay lien quan mat thie't vdi lich sQ n h i trQdng, vdi n h i g i i o hoic hge sinh cua nha trUdng 2.2 Cdc gid tri dUqc the bien Gii tri dugc coi nhu l i nhQng ehuan mQc, thudc dung v i sai, xie djnh nhQng gl nen lam v i khdng nen lam eich h i n h xQ ehung va rieng eiia eon ngUdi mgt to chQc Gii tri td chQc n h i trQdng - xet theo binh dien thdi gian - dUgc p h i n chia t h i n h nhdm: - Nhdm thQ nhi't l i eic g i i trj m i n h i trUdng da hinh t h i n h v i vun d i p q u i khQ, xuyen sudt q u i trinh xiy dQng v i trQdng t h i n h NhQng gia trj 6a dQgc khang djnh va cd tinh dn dinh - Nhdm thQ hai l i nhQng g i i trj mdi m i c i n bd quan lyva tap the giao vien, hgc sinh mong mudn nha trQdng minh hinh t h i n h v i p h i t trien hien tai, tQOng lai 2.3 Cdc ngdm dinh nin tdng Cac n g i m djnh nen tang l i nhQng dieu dugc nhdm c i nhan hoae edng ddng td chQc ddng thuan thQa n h i n n g i m vdi bao gdm: gia trj, niem tin, niem tQ hao, nhQng suy nghi va trang thai xuc c i m tinh cim NhQng thQa n h i n n g i m dinh da i n siu v i o tiem thQc moi c i nhan v i tao t h i n h die diem cd sQe hdi tu chung tap the nha trQdng; ddng thdi trd t h i n h nhQng diem rieng giQa tap the vien trQdng n i y vdi trudng khic Cae n g i m djnh ay tao nen mdt mach n g i m tinh than ket ndi cie vien nha trudng 2.4 Phong cdch dng xdhdng ngdy Od l i each the hien cua mdi t h i n h vien n h i trudng Qng xQ hang Tuy theo he g i i trj duoc thQa nhan va nhQng n g i m dinh nen t i n g cua moi td chQc nha trudng m i cd nhQng loai hinh phong each Qng xQduoc chgn lua phu hgp 2.5 Phong cdch Idm viec Moi td chQc n h i trQdng, du cd y thQc hay vd thQe, deu hinh t h i n h nen mdt phong cich lam viec rieng Cung la ngudi giao vien vdi cdng viec day hgc va giao due hgc sinh nhung ed nai c i n bd giio vien t i n dung mgi thdi gian de l i m viec say me, sing tao, lai cd noi l i m viec kieu cdng chQc hanh chinh "sing c i p d di, tdi xach ve"; cd t i p the giio vien lam viec vdi tinh t h i n ddng dpi eao, hgp t i c va chia se, nhQng ben canh lai cd nhQng t i p [10] K H O A H O C D A Y N G H E the lam viee sQganh dua tinh e i nhan "den n h i n h i ay rang" Phong cich l i m viee bi chi phdi bdi ddng cd: cd tap the g i i o vien l i m viec vi tinh than t r i c h nhiem "tat c i vi hge sinh thin yeu", lai cd t i p the l i m viec vi nhQng mue tieu loi n h u i n , vi Igi ieh trudc mat 2.6 PhdOng phdp quyet dinb Viec quyet djnh cho moi ehu truang, phuang hudng, ke hoach, ehinh sich p h i t trien cua n h i trQdng - mgt d i e trUng eiia boat dgng q u i n ly n h i trUdng - cung the hien ri't rd tinh chat v i mQc v i n hoa cua mgt td chQc sQ pham Cd the neu khia eanh bie'u hien sau diy: - Su tham gia ciia ngUdi quyet dinh quan ly -Thii eua eon ngUdi quyet djnh quan ly Phuang p h i p quyet djnh: Caeh quyet dinh thdng thudng dua tren c i m tinh, dua theo kinh nghiem hoic tien, n g i u hQng cua chil the quan ly n h i trudng se tao sU khac biet v i n h o i vdi viec quyet dinh eiia ehii the quin ly dua tren sU eic cd sd khoa hge, cic cin cQ phip ly, eic ngudn lUc ho trg khoa bge v i hien dai de phan tieh tinh hinh, phUOng hQdng chie'n lUgc p h i t trien cho n h i trQdng 2.7 Phuang phdp truyen thong Viee truyen b i , bien thdng tin noi bd td chQc hay tQ td chQc ben ngoii v i ngugc lai cung dQgc coi l i mdt nhQng dau hieu nhan biet quan trgng ve van h o i d mdt to chUe n h i trQdng TrQdc het l i d muc dich: sQ chia se thdng tin ndi bg to chQe cd dUgc bien rdng khap tdi mgi t h i n h vien, c i n cung dUOc "biet" de dugc "ban" ( d i n chu thdng tin) hay chi mgt bd p h i n c i n bd q u i n ly tU coi dd l i mgt thQ "dac quyen", q u i n ly cic thdng tin ri't khat khe, khdng mudn cho ngUdi khie biet vi se ed nhieu b i t Igi eho quyen Igi, dia vj eua minh (tip trung thdng tin) Caeh thUc truyen thdng cung la net van h o i to chQc bdi dd l i cich thQc giao tiep ngQdi - ngudi Dac trUng van hoa to chQc Oai hoc Lao d g n g - X a hgi OHLOXH l i mdt dan vi h i n h chinh sU nghiep thugc Bd Lao ddng - ThUOng binh v i Xa hgi, gom ba CO sd: Tru sd chinh v i Ca sd San Tiy d i t tai Hi Ndi, Co sd 11 dat tai TR Hd Chi Minh OHLOXH la mdt to chUc vdi nhQng ca cau, quy t i c hoat dgng, nhQng g i i trj, die'm manh v i diem ye'u rieng nhQng tap the, c i n h i n cu the thude nhieu the he tao l i p nen Do dd, vdi t u cich l i m mdt td chQc, OHLOXH cung tdn tai mdt eau true v i chQe nang van hda nhat dinh.TQthQcte nghien cUu cho thi'y S6 35 thing 8/2016 TrQdng OHLOXH cd mdt sd die trQng ea b i n ciia van hda td chQc nhu sau: Mo hinh xay dUng van hoa to chQc Dai hgc Lao dong - Xa hgi ThU nhdt, v i n hda to chQe OHLOXH cd tinh phQc hgp cao Tinh phQc hgp dQgc the hien dQdi gde CO cau td chQc cua N h i trudng gdm t o i n the ddi ngu c i n bg cdng n h i n vien, g i i n g vien, sinh vien, hgc vien eua e i ba eg s d , moi ca sd cd cic khoa, trung t i m , don vj true thugc Dieu n i y the hien b i n t h i n mdi CO sd eua Nha trudng lai i i mdt cgng ddng phQc hgp nhd ban NhQ viy, mdi ca sd vQa mang nhQng die trQng v i n hda chung eua OHLOXH, l i vQa mang nhQng dac trQng van hda rieng ciia minh Xiy dQng v i p h i t trien v i n hda n h i trQdng l i c i mdt q u i trinh lien tue, lau d i i , khdng p h i i chuyen ngiy mgt n g i y hai, vi v i y can ed nhQng bQdc di phu hgp DQdi diy, b i i viet xin de xuat phuang hudng x i y dUng, p h i t trie'n v i n hda to chQc OHLOXH dQa tren ca sd md hinh x i y dQng v i n hda td chQc gdm 11 bQdc eu the hai t i e gia Julie Heifetz & Richard Hagberg de xuit: Thd hai, van hda to chQc OHLOXH chi phdi bdi van hda cua tQng vung mien (03 ca sd cua OHLOXH dugc dat tai cic dja diem khac nhau:Tru sd ehinh v i Co sd Son Tiy dugc d i t tai khu vUc phia b i c ma eu the l i tai H i Ngi va Son Tay thi van hda td chQc ciia hai ea sd n i y se chju sQ t i c ddng va ehi phdi bdi van hda cua khu vQc mien bic, dd Co sd II dQgc dat tai TR HCM se chiu sU tac ddng v i chi phdi ehii ye'u bdi van hda khu vUc mien Nam Thdba, tinh da van hda van hda td chQc OHLOXH cdn the hien qua sQ khdng ddng n h i t ve truyen thdng Ijch sQ hinh ciia cic Co sd cua Trudng Cd nhQng Co sd nhu Tru sd chinh tai H i Ndi cd truyen thdng Ijch sQ xay dQng v i trQdng dugc 55 nam, dd cd nhQng Co sd nhuCa sd Son Tiy mdi dugc sip nhap ve OHLOXH duoc 10 nam Ben canh d g b i n than OHLOXH tien t h i n cung lisQsap nhap eua hai don vito chQc lai Thd tu, qua trinh p h i t trie'n, OHLOXH da chuye'n qua cac c i p bac d i o tao khic Xuat phat diem bac dao tao cua Nha trQdng la d i o tao he trung cap chuyen nghiep, sau dd dan tQng bQdc du dieu kien dugc phep dao tao bac cao d i n g v i hien da du dieu kien d i o tao nghien cQu sinh Chinh dieu da tae ddng v i i n h hudng khdng nhd den van hda to chQc OHLOXH sau mdi giai doan chuyen doi bac d i o tao TQ nhQng dac trQng tren thay ring, tinh phQc hgp cao ciia van hda to chQc OHLOXH cho thay t i m quan trgng ciia viec xay dQng mgt chie'n lugc ve van hda to chQc OHLOXH Chien lugc dd p h i i d i m bao cho viec thue hien muc tieu ehien lugc va sQ mang cua OHLOXH Ddng thdi, d i m bao sU hai hda b i n sac van hda rieng cua mdi Co sd true thudc; ed nhu v i y mdi phat huy dugc the manh va khic phue dugc nhung han che, xung dot ma nguyen nhan la tdn tai tinh da van hda ciia td chQe gay nen Mdt Id: Nghien cQu mdi trQdng v i cic ye'u td i n h hQdng de hoach djnh mdt chien iQOe p h i t trien cua OHLOXH phu hop vdi tuang lai Hoach djnh chien luge p h i t trien thudng phu thugc ri't ldn dvai trd ciia cic n h i lanh dao.Tuy nhien, mdt chie'n lugc du tdt den m i y cung ehi cd the cdng tao dung duge niem tin v i quyet tam eua cic ea n h i n td chQc Nhu ndi dung tren da de cap, md hinh c i u true OHLOXH l i mgt md hinh phQc hgp Do dd, OHLOXH p h i i cd mgt chie'n iQge phat trien chung, nhQng chie'n lugc dd p h i i dua tren co sd g i i i quyet dugc cic van de: (1) Chien lugc dd phu hgp vdi chie'n lugc n i o ciia cic td chQc eo sd true thugc; (2) He thdng van hda chung v i rieng cua DHLOXH v i eua cic Co sd cd ho trg chien lugc khdng? (3) Cin p h i i cd sU thay ddi gi ve ca c i u , td chQc de chien iQgc cdng; (3) Hau q u i ciia nhQng thay ddi l i gl? Cd kha thi khdng? Hai la: Cin p h i i xae djnh gia trj cdt Idi lam CO sd eho t h i n h cdng ciia md hinh van hda td chQc OHLOXH v i ciia tQng ca sd true thude Cae gia trj cdt Idi phai l i cic g i i trj khdng thay doi theo thdi gian; ddng thdi nd p h i i la sgi ehi dd eho moi boat ddng ciia DHLOXH Ba Id: Xay dung t i m nhin - mdt bQc tranh ly tQdng tuong lai - muc tieu se vUOn tdi D i y la dinh hudng de x i y dung van hda to chQc DHLOXH Dieu n i y khdng chi hoan thien md hinh van hda td chQc DHLOXH m i cdn cd the tao l i p mdt nen van hda khic han trang thai hien tai Bdn Id: Oanh gia van hda hien tai v i xie djnh nhQng ye'u td van hda n i o can thay ddi Viec d i n h g i i can giao cho mgt dan vj cd chuyen mdn, cd cic chuyen gia ve van hda to chQc thQc hien Ndm la: Tap trung nghien cQu, de xui't giii phap de thu hep khoing cich ciia nhQng gia trj van hda hien cd v i van hda tuong lai da hoaeh djnh "Su phu hgp cua chie'n lugc vdi van hda td chQe quan trgng han nhQng bg phan khic eua td chQc bdi vi van hda l i ye'u td khd thay ddi nhi't" Loai bd nhQng ye'u td c i n trd, nhQng ye'u to van hda lac h i u chinh la thu hep khoing each giQa g i i trj van hda hien cd va van hda tuang lai So 35 thing 8/2016 K H O A HOC D A Y NGHE [11] Sdu Id: Xie dinh vai trd eua l i n h dao viee dan dat thay ddi v i p h i t trie'n van bda to chQe OHLOXH Lanh dao p h i i thQe hien vai trd ngQdi de xQdng, ngQdi hQdng d i n ddng thdi cd vai trd viec hoaeh djnh t i m nhin, truyen b i cho mgi t h i n h vien n h i n thQc dung tam nhin dd, ed sQtin tQdng v i cung no lUe thuc hien va l i ngudi cd vai trd xua di nhQng ngd vUc, lo iu, ciia cic dgn vi true thugc trUdng Bdy Id: Soan t h i o mgt ke hoach, mgt phUong i n hinh ddng cu the, chi tiet tdi tQng dOn vi trQc thudc, phu hgp vdi cac dieu kien thdi gian v i ngudn luc khac de cd the thUe thi dugc ke hoach dd Tdm Id: Phd bie'n nhu cau thay ddi, vien canh tuong lai cho t o i n the ein bd, sinh vien de eung chia se; tU dd, ddng vien tinh than, tao dgng IQC cho hg de tao nen sQ ddng t h u i n , hie'u rd vai trd, vj tri, quyen lgi va trach nhiem ciia minh viec nd lUe tham gia xiy dung, p h i t trien v i n hda to chQc Chin Id: Cin ed giii phap cu the giup eic dan vj nhanthUcrd nhQng trd ngai, khd khan cua suthay ddi mgt cich eu the; tU dd, ddng vien, khich le cie c i nhan manh dan tQ bd thdi quen eu khdng tdt, chap nhan vi't va de cd su thay ddi tich cue hon /Mud//d:The ehe hda, md hinh hda v i eung cd, eai thien lien tuc sU thay ddi van hda d cic don vj t h i n h vien va trUc thudc; eoi trgng viec xiy dQng va ddng vien cic don vj noi theo cae hinh mau ly tQdng phu hgp vdi md hinh van hda td chQc m i Nha trudng dang hudng tdi Cud; cung.-Thudng xuyen d i n h gia v i n hda to chQc v i thiet lap cic chuan mUc mdi, nhQng gia trj mdi mang tinh thdi dai; dac biet la eic g i i tri hgc t i p khdng ngQng v i thay ddi thudng xuyen Viec truyen b i cic gia trj mdi cho mgi t h i n h vien Nhi trudng cin duge coi trgng cung vdi viec tri nhQng gia tri, chuan mUc tdt da xay dung Ke't luan Trong nha trudng, van hda khdng chi l i mdi trudng ben ngoai t i c dgng tdi ddi sdng tU tudng, tinh c i m ciia cic t h i n h vien m i cdn l i ca cau van hanh, phuang phip, each thQc hoat dgng cua nha trudng Van hda td chUc thuc sU la ddng luc cho sU phat trien cua moi nha trudng Bdi viy, quan tam Ngaynhanbai: 16/5/20U Ngiy p h i n bien: [12] K H O A H O C D A Y N G H E x i y dung v i p h i t then van hda to chQe moi n h i trQdng l i dudng dung dan va hieu q u i de gdp phan nang eao c h i t lugng thQc eiia moi n h i trudng Ooi vdi OHLOXH vdi nhQng die trQng rieng cd eiia minh thi viee tim kiem g i i i p h i p tot cho van de xay dung v i n hda to chQc phu hgp nham khai t h i c dugc cac ye'u td van hda tuong ddng, ban che cic yeu td khic biet v i m i u thuan ddi hdi phai cd nhQng nghien cQu b i i b i n , siu ca ve mat ly thuye't thuc tien de N h i trQdng ed the x i y dQng dQgc mgt ehien iQge ve v i n hda to chQe phu hgp, gdp phan hien thUe hda muc tieu sQ menh cua minh • Tdl lieu tham khdo Barbara Fralinger and Valerie Olson, (2007), "Organizational Culture At The University Level: A Study Using The OCAI Instrument", Journal of College Teaching & Learning, November 2007, Volume 4, p p i 1-12 Dewit, C McKee, J Fjeld, K Karioja, (2003), The Critical Role of School Culture in Student Success, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, December 2003 Pham Minh Hae, (2009), Glao due gid tri-xdy dung vdn hda hge dudng, Ky yeu Hdi thao Van hda hge dudng, Hdi khoa hgc T i m ly - Giio due Viet Nam, Tien Giang, 3/2009, trang 21 Pham Quang Huan, (2007), l/dn hda fdchQchinh thdi cdt ldi ciia vdn hda nhd trudng, Ky yeu Hgi t h i o Van hda bgc dudng, Vien NCSR TrUdng DHSP HaNoi, 12/2007 Edgar Sebein, 2004 Organisation Culture and Leaderships Jossey Bass, pp 373-374 Keup, Jennifer R - Walker, Arianne A - Astin, Helen S - Lindholm, Jennifer A Van hda to chQe viee tao thay doi eho nha trudng (Pham Thj Ly djch) (nguon: www.chrd.edu.vn) Nguyen Viet Lgc, (2009), "Van hda to chQe Oai hgc QGHN bdi c i n h doi mdi va hdi nhap", Tgp chi Khoa hge BHQGHN, Kinh te v i Kinh doanh 25 (2009) 230-238 230 20/8/2015 S6 35 thing 8/2016 Ngiy d i n g : Thing 8/2016 ... giao tiep ngQdi - ngudi Dac trUng van hoa to chQc Oai hoc Lao d g n g - X a hgi OHLOXH l i mdt dan vi h i n h chinh sU nghiep thugc Bd Lao ddng - ThUOng binh v i Xa hgi, gom ba CO sd: Tru sd chinh... mdt sd die trQng ea b i n ciia van hda td chQc nhu sau: Mo hinh xay dUng van hoa to chQc Dai hgc Lao dong - Xa hgi ThU nhdt, v i n hda to chQe OHLOXH cd tinh phQc hgp cao Tinh phQc hgp dQgc the... nghien cQu sinh Chinh dieu da tae ddng v i i n h hudng khdng nhd den van hda to chQc OHLOXH sau mdi giai doan chuyen doi bac d i o tao TQ nhQng dac trQng tren thay ring, tinh phQc hgp cao ciia van