A Cost-Benefit Analysis of The National Map
{By David Halsing, Kevin Theisson, and Richard Beroknopt
Circular 1271
Trang 3US Department of the Interior Gale A Norton, Secretary
U.S Geological Survey Charles G Groat, Director
Trang 4
Executive Summary
“The GoorahyOisciing of the US Geological Survey (USGS has conduct tis cast bane ras (034 of The National Map Ths eal isn evaluation ‘ofthe proposed Goograny Ds inativ to ride th Nation wit a
‘merhanism to acess cet ad consistent dal geospatial data This CBA isa “uperingdoeument 1 azcongany te Exit 300 Capel Asset Pan ana Business Case of The National Map Rengiaaing roar,
‘The frame ork fr estiatng the benef is based an expected inprovomentsin socesing infomation to prfor any of the possbe applications of spatial data “his aalsis doesnot atm to determine the beefs and casts of prtorming getspata-dat gplratans Father itestinates te change nthe ferences "etieen thse tenes and costs with The Nationa Map an the cert
‘Stuation without it The estimates of tal costs and tenets of The Nationa! Map ‘wore based an the projets impamentain tne, velopment and minenance sts, rates of dts irclusion and integration, expected usage eels aver tine ond ‘benetsextination mac
‘The National Map provides das that a curet,imeqatd, corset, comple, and ave cession aaa to dacrease toca of inplerantng spat data ‘ngieatans adr) improve the outcome of those apgicatians The efceny {gairsin per appcation igrovements are rater tan the costo develog and ‘aintain The Nationa! Map rearing at to progam woul ring a paste net ono to the Nati The average impeverentin tant bent of perfaring ‘spt data application was mts bya simulated numberof sgpicalor implementations aces the county The numbers fuss, exsting apts, and ats of application inlamentatanncease oer ‘ine a Tho National Map is ceeloped ad scresses by spat data uses around the county
Aesuts trom th “mostly eserates of mal parameters an data ngs ince tat, ve its 30-3 projets tlespan, The National Map ng et present au (NPV) of tenets of $25 bili in 200 dla The avorapa ina Lunt the ntl investments ie teatoven peal are recovered is 18 years, Table ES: shows running total of NPV in each yar ofthe simulation de In yea 14 The National Map fast shows 2 pasive NP, ad soto table ihigligted in
‘gaya ha pom Figure ES-1 ia gap ofthe trl benefit ard ta est caves {fa single made na ovr tine Thecus coe sn yaa, won te project breaks ever sensitivity analysis of the nut aritesustates that ese results of ie NPV of Tho Nadonal Map ae quit robust Fue S-2 plots the ‘naar NP els rom 80 let senaris, each cnssting fy 0a ro “heer: bars epresent a twe-stndart-dviatio range sound each mean, “he ana tat allows caning the details f th cast ona ana the ‘rome or for evalusing econoic beets, a canputaional simulation too, anda sent analysis of model variables an values
Tle ES Yeory cessor esa value of basen seenra, mean net ia fe vear | present Valve oan Net T 5 00000000) ? Š (28988980 3 $- (28861962) 4 5 5 (018449 316 Š (138083300 6 r $ (881647 Š (171579633 8 Š (178882427 ° S (061274880) 1 S (ss93e27 trọ 12 |$ 020019183) |S (8859200 T3 Ì$ (1973403 1š 828/333 15 Ís 134580280 16s 24008818 tơ |$ 32467880 18 ÌS 481888307 19 Ìs 558838273 mm |s sẽ 05|5 2 |s a |» 24 25 g |s150170178 28 |s1748483401 29 |s188782m 30 |$2051716005
Trang 5Total Present Benefits & Total Present Costs ‘00 MLO “” : 7% YEARS as » |
ts) acts Feo Ths Navona! Aap over yest Tw raheem pis hereto ever gure ES, oostevo he Nana M.A graph ote aca en ross iyea The ka he cos eaves he charge on deweapent casts emanate ests tly Nee the dor omar cin othe ant carve vite rer aeesconpctan vbr ost
xố ete
Souter exsng uss an wewrate ne apaizatons oss ta The nes above e ca cune ‘nde the esl ci onsen ya's anda oreo eet razon ale NP, Mean Net Present Values of Scenarios 9 8 ? 6 5 4 3 2 1 ° 4
ons oneus SORNERRRASSRS ‘Seanalo Number ITSP RUEEES Figure £52 Senstvy anaes ests moan net preset valu by scenario The ‘ferent scene wera each ond ines sate Wom each eoenaa ara pated te,
Trang 6Acknowledgments
Sever! pele wade cial coroutons to this jet OA Wain, a voltae ptatons research nat, oid eitca sgh to orig the matali of ‘he theneteal anew, Any Mathie crm buted cnsiterstie tne and energy te earlyptases of dafning ad stop ths arass Meets ofthe Progam Manageent ‘Section—inluing ale sso il Coonal, Jahr sr and Janet Gasdan—asiste us in Aaraging as cantucting tings of GIS ansge’s and contacts, fon whch we vere ‘abo derive ruc of au data Dr Stopen Glespe genre ear suey numbers fe incl nino our modeling He also gave significant feedback an elf cats to bth we ‘nearetcal ad comgustionsl model eevelopnen We are đen rdrf1a to tecInal boar enews Cal Shai and Doras Berowe, wage exreraly data carmen ard
Trang 7Contents
Executive Surman, Acknontedgmens Inuedocton
‘tert Review
2 Framnork or Cost Bonet Anse f The Netoral Map ‘.0atand Medelng Motioes, Results, and Sens Anyi 4 Results an Sensi Anais
5 Discusion Rterences Cie Appendixes Ferma zonanic Theory 8 Oetaisaf Dita Gathering STELLA Sofware ne NB-Sim Made Oeil and Synthese 1D Sanity Anas Tables
5.1, Yalyrosuts or meanna presnt vale af bale sana 1 Mean net present values INPU a baseline scenatic, by year 1, Caleuiing he vale of an apacaion
182 Applicaton and hei estate vais whore avaible, B3 Alphabeca! it of count eo GIS appstons
Cl, Vatabas inthe therebel and simuston made ad thc uaselne valu, E2 Deaut NBS madelimputs ane ter sources
DI Sensi analysis canaries ane resus
Figures
E84, Total cost and oa bona curves of The Hatt Ma 8-2 Santviy ane reauks men net resent value by Eerara 1 lua of spat at vets
2 Posi ture values of spat ata over tine
44 Variation in nat presale resting fam ans o ebssene sein6' 44 Thetotl cost and total bona cues for a sage roma the bassin scent, Cl Theuserinaiace inthe conputtne! made, NBSin
(2-68 Diagrams of uncering dynamics oft HES ede ĐÀ Graphical inputwindw fr NB-Sin DI Sensiy ana resus; mean at reser: valu by see
N88
g2
Trang 8A Cost-Benefit Analysis of The National Map By David Halsing, Kevin Theisen, and Richard Bernknopt
Introduction History and Purpose
‘The Ofc of Management and Bade eure 38 lerreler ta the "Exit AP forthe U.S Glog Suey Gover Disciples to, The National Map Woe Exh 300 rues sisson of cost-benefit
{CHA} ofeach proposed program, Wester Gevgzapie Si ‘nse Contr asst ie CBA spon othe Ext 300, Wok on this CBA was gun in Ost 2002 a was ‘Sorpted Jy 283
Organization of the Report
“This ep onganzed nt allowing rate Se ti 1s ee oF ne erature volving the an ale [di đasmd Qeaynghiclornaio Sle (GIS Seton 2 presets th concep fae ta nes He
elrcesonuioe nuệLi hệ het th CRA, Seton 8 la the dat gahering ethos dois he emt ‘onal mel desclopod osm the pres of pat ‘he ad th benefit would ens, Section ovis
XMdh vi fghufc an eit Seton Se csc he ‘majors nips fr The Navona Map pura, lo tin othe ma ep several ppenices have heen
np lo roid the det of the nay agpreeh ‘These describe th econane Hey appli Ate daa _hering steps append he oe! ealsaions and faselne preter (ape Can the ext als othe
Fitting this Analysis into the Exhibit 300 Report ‘his mals as ate in spp ofan Ex 300 Report ore Office of Manageme Duet ht italy ese he entice prozam known as The National Map The Reengineering Program eset the iafomaton-etao og) UT) componeat uf eager vse of The National Map ‘Armor specie Ext 300 wan eee sel adres ‘Reengineering Progra This opr accompanies iat re
specie Ebi 30, Despite th move sujet ater of te a Es 309 Rept ths cot bet aa covers De ‘oie progan tha wl ental pode Th Natl Map, “Tre ress fo this tgprenl themtdiuity Thể inscabiliy of the TT component from he ties heeevayy omnes fT Nationa Map tht she problem of oat ‘ote, The ents of Fe Natoma T portions any neces ple the ap Du ons own i sien to
eo Thy Recngeerne Pmgam cai acer an dein ale eof he sof develop the age National a, Benefit il arn rm nyt compen, ‘A meth emplesing 2 siuliion appcl was deve ‘hse the component Irs sugested ha the Ex 300 Report lo nhe equ components of The Nao
‘Map nie ot roe this CHA, recognizing tha, wk he cach ns bor ov diab sare of he prograns ty the Beit of The Notional tp ars only ram ie inseparable cntibtions 1 Literature Review
Trang 92 Theaions Map
tas fr tome Cot fr eh in everme
Mize Com 199; rice Ware U9) Tow ene tenant scant te soe 8S OXERA,
screamo ing Hck rnin “oso cen IS nak nano ae el sna an aii tga ym acne {Se Re foram cna GIS ple cn Grins dee trea oer pics ‘icc cn Can soi at ios of
SEs amit rs tse roped
ine co of at ines ad sss Spe Sever diferente ae deed
the rt St hse hl ner fal ae foresee ected fens es ey ad
Nei 887: Glee, 18 Eons helen led neni orev a hn th ae
ings an onan Ths ten ah
Re re Nai in to pee, sn te pope penser abe ais iy beet te Sy tarsal ye aon of SOI se eva
‘orneimes eld "slue-ide™ bei ate hose a arise
tra con me podortel ri to eimexennten ‘the GS, Forcamy, nan coer map ha ae Spel ont CIS dave cont vin cai
usr map wer ult eer 3 2 ey (Garaging il een os Gs a i tk
Aunwagh cen be ately sighowart cle oe ae diecao erly: eens een se ‘ery ict xian gems ali ‘hon ound a adn CHA (DK ad Cae sso GIS inch este he a uae Sno heen Resin hat Gs can peti
‘made anitatveestistes of any ofthe etfectieness bees
te l shang et ane 19 Noi nd Shc, 198) ind we ene fn comprehen sty tm neat fens ets artes eed vai ‘ora er “bona” hat ob cdo he mm cay quad cont: eating othe tle tu 01C cung Heiko 38
scoped cane the effin Benefits (cnt sings) lone Simpy swine hat he ul si GIS wl teri tse a anc tha penne net Beni see fo he
statin of he tlectneet ae f2 pin tay rine-eonsuning nd expe pines This overall tvbuace dapach system ultima the espns tie by larvae on hat ced esponse ine sinicans mae
amanalysiof the anlance oi program dtp a ‘Wiha sre meena of tse efi, ser ‘cha wil realy unrestinae te al bets tht wl aise
ro sla sone Bem andes 11988:bcuiminaleficfteie bedikin le vuidoi {1903 er dlp an some me actin te sale Reefs a eu axiom a pron ang es
ta fo apt versio (1992) ofthe Loudon Cows
vlc map origly made 193, The Beets estate a Sh.28t0350 nia, were manned in sod con of Teast property ale hs
to make asatively quick estimate ofthe all Bens fa {GIS Thess tone Mạ [Miss ng BÌuaÌ 90)
umber of applications, aa hey peels thatthe ris 8
‘ef ot toe coir Tor more compli analycs, The Sor lon pte hat he section of soe the sks for “tàn io the movel ca be subjective at tha the de
Trai wfc al eostveness efi, the ee he Nato Map tes ae pte qui
Trang 10iss Tero tin fifties cermaicaton ‘low dis of ifomaton acs pre pes i Sesion tic isp lve ly hú kac ng of nưin, "Rogen, 862 Hwang, 243 Kooing he slope an tt ‘stings seis detrninig ing eset ics oto cific i wt pub it ee Bt pret
‘he, ts oe as ou se an tls ander pticine ue gt se For ths ươm, Some reat exeend cit ine we ifs ls as price ols oer Leon, 1S, There cles eed fr ur sect and ca em sy te sting Krom petal or "nuien tre ingienenude of GIS a a8 ogo, ‘The developmen aad implement of Te Neon Map rovies st excell opp op aden ths ace he preset ay we have developed a mel at an fe wed le the Baits tt arise on The Nation May ad
2 Framework for Cost-Benefit Analysis of The National Map
Introduction
“This seton contains th metal fr hens sation, The met makes clea disintons betwee ever
+ Distngishes he costs and ees of pti dat isl fom tos fhe appt oe dit + Comptes the sae fhe wo with Phe Rin Mage ht wth + Rewopuzes tht wes fsa da ate Bly > ineesie ove mes pat a fn of Te
National Map od
+ Aecousfotvatiton ne bse tomers tone The National Map dat, sii ofc te peset Beef io scot A psi el eset beet, Katona Mopar ls than the heel sc) reap isexience Thee bent come frm emmy sources tat ile the we spt data a aro publ tel pe pains, Those + Lows cons of developing tl opting aI, ens sa
ACos-Benait Anais
"“"— 1
+ Redd satin baie of data eameny, vi ably consistency, completeness, an oe a + Inpeslquelt ofdsistns mae with he dt
-Tocresed uly of dat or xan cont, ea Iss conse) =nsanlaeses comsml si sipteal dân si tranh ets sing spt data in ei + New applications wll develop ay acon of ete Mie alii “Te hey pie questions
Das The Namal Map tee te fii and or eletinenes a asin Spt a
(2) Does The Nema Map ease he ghey of sai dhe use exiting applica? (3) Does he Navona Aap allow same wh do neu rely we spl at oc | (6) Des The Nona Map fost the doves ofan
nd ion f pala tization jst thề Basis for Comparison
‘The Eat 300 Rept for The Naina Map otis + Alertine 1A aly implemented srs of The Natoma Map is bal net 1 east an aa ont
S25 milion pr year one 201 Fig vc,
{USGS Geoprphy Discipline fnting it he pos The deseo of alloratine 2 sates thal inthis ese Takeo dsclp The Nao Map dro hich it wont compsted how ese isda would + Aliemaine S—No tempt wo bt The National Map
Trang 114 TheNslenslAip
The ss or this cot ent nhi thoi, kia eng the frees ne tte the rd ht wold ‘ol fm achieving eat [ser alleatie AS “Anh, led ng th đem tec the cs hd he ‘seis The Nana ap progr, ssi ht leer ‘Specvol the Geoprany Dreipline ma he same, We ‘eve ht his comparison adequately alesse este ‘fhe wor witha hou he Nasal Ma wc the
{ecw le description of aleivs and Sa l cle dass of eae fly np
‘Alternatives to The National Map
‘This taps nme tht lematne 3 would ce 0 USGS Geography Dhipline, eter tere pe iy lsisbaon, of usage tes of sal dat This sat value ‘nly the soi ved lin epee allem 1 The dip {NPV carly implosion year ass fom the aks ft of deeloping he Nationa Map, bare aie thee NPV alternative 1 alternative 2 alternative 3 time 2001 2015
Figure 1 Values of spt! daa avs tine Howie gram ‘own tajectane at valu of US Grp! Srvey Seog Py Daz eta ovr ten unde aerate poesein the ene 20 Rapa
ter cave the vale o sock of he Geography Dissipin 40 ‘ent thersve 2 wih es tewhere between tea te, eno ase aetna it sae, et, a valve spose ete are rly speculate py Discipline’: pcs would me accurately be expect Tecerense over tne Te Topographic Map Seat lero inadequate ang ast ain eels Ts the Fate em 0 pt ero ae neil oni oar shih force the USGS og dig” or oe aa digi ecdotogis ike GIS a satelite ager ll Fal the Foal Googe Data Commitee FGDC) 5 {ial leasngnine ad web por tha as he sl funy ing ll sea daa under one Seon han Fling
seo hạn es ar ts Tn igi 2 the NPV ln or leave hss Been ea wih downed carve to apne hk decrease xplicy mis this source of beet fom The National
sis Ne conservatively assed no love ven he on aia Map woth ‘Oe artes or smeorstng he ables prob Jem dei honest The National Aas a fest aralale ea in 197 mth he econo the sed anton Ail cline daa servic hs some element thal Sia sane ft eng icorora nh Nato Map However, ihe oer USCS dt st tht nl
inva sass proses withthe poetic alternative L
Nev ‘Statelloca gov't and (or) private collaboration + FGDC compliance Increased funding, National Atlas, and others
20012015
Fique2 Posie awe ves of so
alkernative 3
Trang 12map series hovel ceninly people are wing dat fr he “Ther is aso he posit f clos Retteen Toco ote eer frst ezine no sping The The Narona ay Ths coil nib, ad he Infasicue (NDS to encourage his dyna Hones 9e uumed tha hese oe ates wold itl ake longer tn develop achieve les comps coverage, cod ud conponent of The Nara Map For exanpe, FDCs SDI to bsg in 190 and st yet compte, Ot examples of clara ellos nde th Opes GIS Con “ona th Stina Sts Geogr nlummuion Cute
and he National Assocation of Cots,
thoi tte for The Navona! Map cou evel {xinuthey woul mt he ly ng eh al xi fy sv sould he apd nd compte peentation a The Noviona Mop taugh seman | tine ‘Assumptions
adres these gestions rue sever! bod siping elore the thon ae describe ater ction of these an ther meting sumone be fond in he
11) othe parses fs sass The Nato May fru consis ofthe ly peed Nan Repo We analyz the cos an eit he ir inception, whi s alert 3 ARough ths Geo "gan declop The Stoma May wah ao fanng 2 described in leave 2 ve compar the ‘nd witha” ess, ‘ais dsr nthe Exit 20 Rep a nhẹ ‘ison dosent We lo assume ha whatever gst allo ito he sompeed ever some ne prs tai Funding ial, i da He completion a The Nana Map to reve
The secs of he nfs nhs ai come fom "he pinay yes tgp dats x deserted in The Nata! Mp eso caret The ae ey «0
‘ots hers patil td ts a Te
°
Nana ap ove te at is analyses nse ‘The alc of iit stil data comes fom swe in ‘oro applications The it rei oF mpl really asset dos, That hing newer, spats dependent appicions Be impenrted mar ‘Hickey mon eet or bth Phe Netona Map ‘onl prove this eter ia and can Be resid th ome the eutns provements of spatial dat pp “tons Hat fram The Norona Map swe Sprlcaton, no beet can be cei ai “The varios pistons of gl sti scan be pedro mice xeric, oes” the basis of
{a Ter 3 applications arth ples and ce hone de with proper mips nor singe GS seas, {by Te aplication te the st compl ass, ina ing spots and mathratieal odsting,
ances es Lan inom a ome, The National Map wil have 3 typo of users {Siu layers pind Each er conse wer hata ‘descr being in one of tee sae atte Tact 9th GIS and gal spat dt
1a) Teaser arth rs spicata an ave sco to appliaionso al hae es (hy Ter 2 srs are merely sophie ers and have access oer? and er apps,
ony spleen er 3 aptctons,
“Ter | ets he greats nb of apications in ich ey ean cartenly make veo ial sti lamer ew ts They hae he potent oc te phew otal a opened to marina) Dect ran ing isda Ticr usr a the ees aber foal anpcatons, Te 2 wer i tween hese Yoo exe, Iubing ave ter 2 ade apis,
“The pal ait of aan sth ous Ti aes me we eae ons county goverment ses ‘pil dit Rather mea tht we use counts the ti ofsmerping and epepating ass tl pal ‘fi Whe ecootzng ‘Map ar at conse vor bal sale that nal ss of Te Nao raf we mae me Applications withthe sual eve sar 8 the ping asamp at they
Trang 13
6 ThoNations/ Map
ye ie to we sme ofthe hase ir ‘night eens spect than at, Ae Inge numberof sounes (007 nie Uied Se ‘ride age numer ute oer wth to ines ing priate swell public op ont the sony Teel Feral wes spatial dat at ane separately inthe conputaona se el be dct te lờ
“Together, Assumption though 7 iat several ey ing, Tor I dat nts re eto ake uso gl spatial
‘more hens wo The Notiva! Map po et (user tha po ee $user Ts eps te of he novel appicton ta are The Nation Sp, 2 pat the USGS zt sto ath tas of tia dae toner 2a 3 tr hy proving ta tind owcring the hoes ng gl pti data Tas fe ft pant pte pubic oa ayes The Natal Map, Solely proving ater 3 count th GIS abe someting clas dst subi otting hi die tats ‘of desleping a populating ho GS datahane Hens Soci deriv fois If however, poi he da
layers in Phe Nato Mop the USGS alo psx conn The new applications tobe developed dus then ts at
tha hãng sree oskive net Meet coall
faecal eteine the et ent oF Tata ap, The ‘easton expla te war ep of te mel
‘The Economic Model for Estimating Benefits Valuas Came from Applications
inormation a i as edt psa, ee towne public or pia đxivim rivexse The bencffe
ffefcy gains or dowgh making i fst oe mae elestise
tocar ot asks al progst (oo ed etnies ‘or sompltnon of pul da
ins pa tí wiingress pay forthe posta |
of Te Nona Mop oie fom sproemens po ested uprated developmen aed wa
pplicains This ia gerve8 demand fr the oeline dist ed taave of he atonal Nay ad asses tt ae
te produce he desired outcome of an applica Apps 8 dra for The Satin Masa provides the crea ‘Sapp th hengfxcdimiun posi The benefit ofan application re ee reset vale ‘ftcency wth the ase of opti norton ot ne pat ‘ial pal aa proved by The Sonn! Map Examples ‘of aplication ine
+ Researhing lancer change and deoreston _govemmort or the private ecto by ima or arpa fins However concn he same application analy isigniies hte are 10 plementation oie pi
te na ch thn op ye es tn
‘ere mer 7 applic, me te cre 7 pene The sel et Reels of Fhe Navin! Mapper inca the enti he inn tod as the et ofthe program, ed equation (1) Below ta Assn inthe anginal Exide 310 Rep Cot peso ta mol dincouned cash of cine Cy, BOSE Om
The nu emsompnss the dent esi tt oa tony ee pst he ger Nato Map ora er ci dna ane sont st apis, Teton, fierce De et ene ot The Navona Mop which sony wi the alae il
reco The Nato Map 04
Trang 14acl writen ath benefits of The National Map beaane the tpleadhnsthersehe© Agsitho Betis Phe Noa Mart some no dts bing wed ina ap ‘ition An application ipso hy ova ri ie, Deriving a Net Present Benefit
“Thc henetit of The Navona Mop By a discounted Ina asume taal appicton fo Te Nation Map “ton an verso plement a hat er aye AE pplication tn corral 3 wre tay ot se ter Lar anieliome weet et 1 ass may dae fo
an ofthe te ers of ppt Tier2 yes te ter 23 aplication Rano onfsion wih the ssi, ‘or ime, ihe cain eer toner irate The vi ‘fine fa year andi an ined tig which sh applica ma 2s sed aplication jy wet «aie Te et eis
imo ection and tenes benefit describ nthe Herat sien At least sone of Une ei os Be iy “icity These imprncmenach cn et aie
sine pace tsps sine with he Normal pd Simlay, Nye thet Bess of sing upton nt sts ju” win Pe Nata ap Therese ‘ation Expaning the previo ton lnres we this sal is dred 4 Oa w=
ingle ving Th Naa ap aula can shor ole te cost ofthe pli wer Cy — a8 ‘key gan or incense he Beef tha society fem (ger Pan eflesvense en, Er foe ses set beets ofthe apleaion (By sme an
IM se (Bn = Gan) Tote sane pict, sah ‘an desved the interment ale of The Nana
ACostBeneftAnais 7 lpi ia equation (2) and 3) are several asus Fie pti ta applic et by The "Nevonal ap af blend of ac the Th he aa at of he Natoma Mp dah ines the eo
Sx evan of aplication pees, bt des > ian abl seme and yt al the expense fee pes of A0pleaure Furleethecsr an athe hi “This assuption means that agsrezating both of those yes ise cen could ew ence iu: wiih saa ps Sie axe hs evel of ely The te that we Srecomiderng s heart atha he contol Stalytssbould te atemgtng to esse socal Ponti
Fora line nror of sptcations that hd een prove sh is em The Natl Map pt jet ad teins
mized, The oserstions wold then Beane enrapoie hy fly implemen Nationa! Mp Those Bees would sa et beef forthe propa can Be sie, ‘never dhe euont pl poets of The National Map shore tn ight or prove dolor tales for ea ‘ono online detain sn ast of applica Insane ave had ely on onto a doa“ eal enlisted we hae developed an ‘trap ipverca int Bee pr app” Lat J, teal waber of exsing pict sal to nes in ‘exhale ine, Thee alsa expt a poe “verte us inet of eh frp dựa ross trata phen te te summed nt Beet ol ppp encanta be a fap:
_
owes thin cach al pian re as eset in every lan Ab, here ate dient epeton Sera Fr each aplication This eas ha erent sb setof these of exsing ppications J spemeted eah Seryear A deen set of plement evn tee
"osseaserige net beat f an yonent pps post implementations accounted fr inthis mol by , {Hscss ol We nue tha this wasabi orally
shu th i snr ison the
-webeoeieixdsan amlanly rơm «nonnldsto fo
2Ì*Rj„ =Coujj tạ
Trang 158 Thedatona Mop
To dre the number and spe of aplication pre fhe falling Stns ee eqs
TK Ễ be mamberof dis usts nea r,t ach mg Mace pw ough hes
‘ler tate actully plement it a on tine pei This sanction fhe ne ail wer counts no al applica oa eva tng ewer Heras fa aplication ee pico ‘cour antalya ees eer ve years rs ao 4 ‘on ofthe cumulative dition of exring apices,
an ral erated he comput al
roporin of alexi pias, The ast soto ‘fi report Crtins mơ dt cr fw ths deed “Thay Ju= R= Pass he ieeapctc name
Ch nent The Nana Hap ie pi inst th ens cost coin fe REP 1 te » xsing 1 Foe Geto dit id ete pes vale es The xan a Forte ne poset eit Te Nationa lp
vinw EI Bewr-te) (etal) +9
‘avon: the amber of pases each oe ecu sien and ie change neuer a tren fo ch dong no apest inl we cred tan shih descr na re ‘fs ep docs ase pte or the ats son songs In general we expect trast fom ae to ter inthe tener pile su uke plac aster noe cous a emer da ste
Progr, bt he gene ann pate sould emia fe ‘Ge frall ass Fr eanple, afer sr Tuer Deis esa Spal a he toma lp proves sean wo aed ‘an for The onion up ealeo wo compe wd Sb {iar ofaplatonsiplenenied y users arse te ane reson ws The Nona Map linearis ‘usin, vate, and vance,
eel ameter, ales an ts of chan are snakes tnd extrapolations, This cnt, the sor fem ur "oi md seult lose to siuton than ctl pedi
tio, We hive mad guesses he evolution of he program ofthe saosin the abe eatin As Fe Naan Nays plore, we can sbstiite real Vales drs the simultion mode, and aro he range of wnernnis Knnwledge and expec, we ste ial 0 pedi ex 3, Data and Modeling Methods,
Results, and Sensitivity Analysis wastn develop system an ctl wih which que: 5 Tie National Maples Ths set is exp the "hơnnvileaneteriee of hematomas ‘rd cllecon mits and hoes ith esc
soa eal on ese sep na ses oF appendices abd so they ae ead ily hee,
Putting Theory nto Practice
esas fine reso ap he ame ona! in Sot ano woe val fo seyzing he sd consis, compete more axes, Te Nona Map ‘ald dee et of ape sp at aplsons tn minin eNaroa! op wu Betts he Nana Map Ths goat to he als
+ Sot th pian ne tet acon + Dib ech coy nthe Unite Sts nto oe
fom appar fay comples
+ Estate the et enti the eis mins cots of To su hs ete no Nan Map cnn,
sina the tet prting that ae pl Caton nthe ese bere Te Nato Mapex ad ‘Sn pve dt onstrate te apcation
Trang 16
su, usubucon system, and spticaton May to hat tie etimsting ho fen cach apps wil oc ‘ino mary paces ad sca pest ale "`" The Nghe op nee leva tine zon ad
scout preset ale
‘Te sifrenceDetacen thes ttl thet present
Son mestions fom hs inal meth were reuito.Fes, becatse nie The Naa Map tr ny “ops pt tev, we coi ikea dict onnpriso the" and "witht ese, lea, we Slaw bse The Neto Aap NI Mún ty cia raph iforaon syn (GIS) moving ro an era {IS 0 oe ditt Hoey onthe Wore Wide Web sine eye simple oerays ead vu anys me comes spatslmeling or ices the ds pte cyte A of Tels its oer and wer as The National Map lacs ha ad made thee rans le represent: ers ta ould ake place oud he eon te The National Map dels Even that modiftion ws a enough however Iolo the ape atone Despite ipa tne sao ih renewing the Heatran condating rviews with iy, up plot poet leas, Gest Discipline ass and ‘onc no pri the USGS th da a prot — tng xiahle nunbee te ons ani bonito ple fearon was extreme i any eperting ges sere most up rick costs by projet Inter iatons the projec cats ere wel <ta egultion, manipulation, o analysis ws ot Kwa ‘ordcopcad an pplication wos implemented Often the Prstaransiton cost coal be exited fora cera se of Spat data but the eanization hai sles to keep fears the pete cous! Finally at iff ox measuring
the chinges inthe eos seo thew rinstions, there fete problem wth atibuting the epi ofeomea of applicant the pial dat aa There ite conn
ACost Benet Anais 9 about suing hee “festive nei (oe the LLiealuie Review dapper B seins his ep Despite these iniatons, we fad enough esate of hanes aes ether the aces rt ey incensed beet feletnenes of aking one ome The Nationa! Mapes thins From the carpe 8 apa" inten nae ones per pian “nglemewed" Re leoly% se veglea virloiLaeTNB gf “t4tpletlon" oi “impraeter‡"zd“Inplttened” oe ‘nee mpl er than ste The ol urbe of xan To ve feumlteeesdutl ha thenghệ”spprhch De ‘tah dean ea dlr an an apr Sor the restored tere we eda poe of nly 1.000 gun pee apliaion mplencraon
‘The Computetional Simulation Model: NB-Sim os many ppicaon implementations eccuredita given et rom wich tol Beet of The National Map was ek ‘ae cllodNB-Sim” Tee deseed in det nape NBS begin with the det fal cous in the United States ino ane ĩ ectenafcangledyc ‘ested in section Eaimate ofthis appertiontent were tlrved ty Gilespe GN writen commun) ao esta that 6S pecent of ounis were inser 30 power wee complicated te 1 apliatons These numbers ame eo his Interpretation othe Federal Gcopragic Data Commision SuNG iillespic, 199) responses The, once The Navona Map progres ner, NBS se asl npr ftom ron-Nanona! Maps to Natal Map ase Onc this asin mad, a nds coun can hd impirant emerber tha “cnt” se Tee does nt mean "coy goer” Bae felts ‘kena pite wera ao sae goverment applic tins hate scaled ode cous level Federal Govern ‘eof dla treed sary nal, ete te al amber application seit ne omer euch ress ha 25 ob as he be ‘escrow, the umber of ne applets gs The model san tse re of rain of 2 perc per the aplication that exis teach oie in ine Hewever hee tea lg tine the appctons aed toi” ound the Nation No adoption a technology happens istananeesly oF complete 0 th mod accounts fo alt an ik Ti Tv cones the fac tht otal applet ae needed incvery cout for cramp, here so Fo ine
Trang 17
10 The Maton! Map
— tors poet each sd evry ye Soe nod ina "`" tim ans the ttl nome o plement pian Sowa andy sles Hatin mane fo a ‘nrution ranging Been er apd one Bl which ses ‘ele ward 210, Ted verge ou to abt 100 15 Nana Map dts em vance pan gh ser syste sito a age pr te how cant fa td the ‘ioe of ing daa hata consent complete, sertcaly aod “Thisier nance! al wasted te lomo | te Perse hit ng uhh os ie Fane ses ave aces oan spedlo then ffm the ers below i bt none cat ake ue of es tht te ey get avers tone applications somes
lar process happen ina fou er repre Feral applications pial ta Ech of tes appition ves ‘Nulled byte mean seer i ae ets an Fara rales SL) every year Rater SLND 8 the cen os noma ition sted hich He progr tov rnd val The saad deviatin ist at oe
‘aration nthe wera npevemont inet Reet oak foreach vor nthe mc rm The gate ar tiie by te umber of implement applica: te prot then comert 0 poset lla byte Dice of Marae ‘nent and Badgers sapgeted cof 3.2 preempt yet (or
‘nthe cont ete est estimates the fing eves require il ml sin Te Nao Map ose Safeaed 30-year Hapa te the ey ips The exact nunk ‘Sanon pr sear for anual paimenance oer the ete 30 ‘seas ofthe project Te developmen fun includes the Feat dal ats on, The oer iu for n0leteecạn be
‘upgrades ta computer exuipment fcitatine paris efforts
{Oplte the data and sc
“Thi sues tht he major gal he SS in twins The Nana Moth ng he grt sid serser fit rater thn horn eestor an il be Fealaed, We awn wl ake IO yes o ahve po, he mục pester than afer hm oer ‘th cons presbly cnch ite ot, hg Ths, wl 5e he a
the stm nf developer at mineance cot fer 10 ests nn then only the mltenanee cot, Each ats ote tacit to presen ses ell,
efits ol cont The Nara! Map in present ae las The acts he ll eons ro he tl Dens to deen et benefits of The Nana a
4, Results and Sensitivity Analysis Simulation Results
‘Wea he NB-Sim el wih he Best oa es tse forte panes an del inputs descr above
acm apps C i saa everviw Each mel rs Simla Peet not or 80 sears an thea roc ‘thc he nt Pets tha fo net to poste this
anounced an work on as begun Even tough this analy
Sis tok place 2002 and 2008, decompo erween ‘National Sap weld was 2007, Weare current living in an ‘sith sheer inter setiection of Fars posse Tas ‘unfnd mplerentaton note an fc oth say
ad ds the "wih servis wit mewn tc ofthe senate sens nays ete tla esis feral rnin cope i he el Single run had the pote ger exceeding bh is wie manning vai in he sen and song & Isls temic model he tine parame were mm Ses, each fr Myer, We ok the eam a ar esa of th he net pce eof efit he Treas ie, Tas procedure was fellowes othe eine esa dat pats inate, one 1 su paÏeqedf
Trang 18
‘span he Warional Map cou havea net resent vale ‘evton of $80 milion dol The evra time ui he {nal oes the bea-een ero) ae ecovered is ‘ers, The stad deviation around the payback pve L9 Sim Under the aslioe parameters, The Naina Map was {ret with potve NPV in al 0 the simulation rs Tnater sete aladdin the envy ali ned Below tht wa not lays the ce “Tbe | Iss the yearly meat NPV fen 80 slain runs, a well he ending sv eage NPV ad stand des "hom rnd it Note he ton rom negative 0 poitve NPVin year 14 (asked with gay Bachground lute 3 ‘rset the ia NPV fea ofthe aril around results om a ingle tf ipa, Figur 4 SO rns sowing the
isa graph ofthe bi cost (ned and oul bene nue) ‘curves oer tne The sharp Kinks eco eve sensed ny spending on maintenance The beset curve sows tw ‘roth inal ad hen cues up sharply 2 The National yes teat athe pia the curves ss The iow growin it eal years may scm suprising les th ysis ofthe slaton model ae exes ‘The Nanna Mop takes time tl sn poplite with ats, mean tha in the el eas, very fe cant eel wer ‘ce dt tha rev hem an an ak he rnson From a non Nationa Map county to National Map ser ‘Once here they make use ony a sal faction of the small umber of apcalions we sstume exist tl ar Nationa! Map-oabed Te inorsion of he splisons is dependent
Simei at hey hve aeces othe salle puber of inal applications, User a all ir eve hve ba i tie {oop nd plement many he exiting spin, cane the cumulative ifeson fraction sil oA of ‘hese lead toa very sll umber of appiaton imple ons Decal years ofthe posta [AS The Nation! Mappers competion in yar 10 many things change Assuming agus Yours funding ‘efor development by yea 10 al enuntin have become wee pr
ets oF The Navona Map daa and disubsion ste ane “atonof pew apptions sa peak and eins igh level fr many ears The camalaine isin ae each ts ‘maximum i ech He ean ars ave aces aos ‘read has proceeded an any users ae shied upward 1 eco er and 2 users ied of de 3, The euitofdl ‘mor application implementations ae aking pac cach yan Tone Su simulation for exam aber ae nh of ple THueciragh he cfi 30eaf ri Apin theugh tăng Sale ml run the random a Tor mplemenion te AenkBeneRlAmlyis— TỊ oaet ear | present Value 7 $20,000,000) 2 Š (589888) 3 5 (95,651.95) 4 5 5 (113,489,315) Š (048063208) 6 (199,147,477) 7 5 7579633) 8 Š (176982427) ° 5 (161,278 580] wo | (155936276) 1 [8 a2o019.163] +2 33s (973303) |S (ê969130| HẠ CS sammsse 16 |s 134580280 $6 |s 241088196 7 | 8 36346750 36 |s 461988307 19 |s 88883827 2 |S 874443883 24 | #080038 22 |s #4asea2z3 23.-—- |§ 101032687 24 |§ 1200519.050 2 |§138728038 2 |S14729175 27 |S1891170478 28 |§17484s340' 29 |S188trer2m 30 — |$2051719003 The nga ren and Siandare DDeviaton (in 2001 dollar) are Mean NPV —[_SiDev NPV Š2051.719905-5- 402.305.155 causes re nteannu variably than wha näahy doc ——— Sensitivity Analysis
Trang 1912 The National Mop
Baseline Scenario - Final Net Present Value ne of 2001 datars) NPV (at 0 10 20 30 40 0 Run Number
Figure Varo et presen value sng kom rns te asain seo The baste scenari sun Sas eve NE Sin, ech oe poesia ierent ratpresereeNPU because sew London mong components Hrs, he NPL ‘aschniis ate aust tari tonborto sou he rarge varanasi,
‘Total Prosent Benefits & Total Present Costs " 5 J Eg %
Figure 4 The tl cost on a nent cesta uae balan sean graph altheacuating honhtsb] ncat roo The atona Map over 0 yeas Te bes tenga etre th eres eres yea) The kink nthe ces caret cheng hạn đi ‘opment corse msimarance ass a Note th lw vouadcinb ‘hoproeet ats coplatan when aol he oun Spatial uses have hae wots a te bene eve
“alba, aopt The Nora Mapas ha dle sauce ens as, and movate ras [ayers spat dats The es above thecal carve ar bel he bene curv, tana yas ab eprasets tet resent NPY
Trang 20am Hing gnletsimnghe valve toi of The Naina ap However vous unwise oy ta thee ele arene pedo han sion Th NS a an erg cg a fs oes in he ea vŸ tenets and ents esl of sins The Natal Map is hls ig ano pple thm wih casnabe nae hse poranttogo eyed merely sahiting hess es” extiat of rou adel roid tl to cite “san gi na den pestis ret ris than the Reig wales we ne Tas ths ote indhe stn eemti A fll cnn anal an be sofas are leloicdidagpehda Dị lụthưc we pe
Ine ses analysis ach se of np sec ube a scerari” regards of wheter only ne a tweens ress, Each cern ws gen «moe Sn shor description mnt which ‘apts tren from he asin se slae ely describ thxe
‘alc to acount fre randomised pr ‘The 3 scenario in cack wu were Men ence or the mul development coi, which changed eo S25 aillon {050 milion por yer The eter anges ngs sen toe ceneraive that de seine nd ve pti, The
make evo ene, Te optimistic ees were develop tose ow lage the benefits sock old et i the ape
"The lt belo hgh the mont isis foam examination ofthe snaton res: ‘yearto build ard $5 ruthon per year trite Nata tap pce pote et bent tha re — “Te oeming changes ented inv, owt tial neds the NPV + Binindingtr alsanstteni + Elniratng-llEelsil we of spatial dt
+ Diswting te couse culy ars all ees + The folloming changes, enacted rte [NPV bsnl bs pose ge este ae
Heat al pins nine
AGos-BeneitAmayis HH + ating ini nwa ae hy oe-al đượn
{het $600 nea oF S10 Gal 80 for Fra Sapir nse S10, + The following optic changes, east intial ince NP
+ Issn nooo ate oS percent ings stati guint mor th 8 bln
Making itso ied compete ahr han ral lata merase NPV mo tan SỲ iin merely ig ce ings si is,
Doubling te per-pla ippeovernent in net etic an pian (a aking $2,009 HT
Federal aplictons ds no bing tbs gai "is oma hee cages stm
\Whea cumbining pessimistic changes ach one omnis” comeing senna te wane ment cuting net beet sun per aplieation we io Sa sting nia omer of pias tae pet ‘Sera eines poste thegh small NPV gÌ shou 100 lion
Speeding devenpmen 5 ours igs ein [Bus in NPV: comely slowing 10 20 yeas us Fallg to implement The National Map Tly—iht
ui the NPV avers
Trang 21
14 The National Mop
tie In hs seis ae mach dion spp sean 8 lu chi-betft amlrke
5 Discussion
[USGS Gerarphy Disciplines fo in devel Tl Nana Map The seach gal was wo develop sper vi vhích ‘timate nana he es vee a ding, a fog and dite The Nanna! Mop an he aris weit steams expected fram is ens, We ed Weare al the ‘mag anton an dynamics othe amok type and vale ‘pal teen ạt Tắc Nara Map can cuble lt
timate ne oni sy hat cod res fom deve Ing The Nanna! Mop
omic try a ml he arouse os es frei, The unin was dha yen the projector sk Can applic The Non Map ck eee he co of nNlEmenlng ta gglictee Pale, tức Ngien te tukeum ofthat pra or nk sme ‘nocd sang an npoved beet of peeing resco spt data an cite erate depen by ethers, Tope, tee fet old produces change ia
eet oss told be ity tna The
National Map Hovever fade or developing dst poplittat forthe ae pa dats sede wd pins Ti very exesive Further even tht work which ds eit
Nghi Map Mont pcos werk itevtesethe chuc Vales when moving tom paper maps ama pai ta 93 GIS orga dit Thon els te fed an
_Mayed toads te question ofthe sale of an ingrved
"— the die and
rescrce sila const heals 9 al cconting ‘ofthe ely cones Boel of The Rana May a cle Istea, we veloped «compet sinulton fel called NBS nt which he eta chi expected from anh et of np, Ile ad asin of {hs pats so thar ve pests or re optics oe ip as or evidence hemes be
tUúg sureislycomsenalne sainpiatsfriuiil satus andes of ehange the expect NPV a enc of Tal plemened verso of he Nation! Map ae st ove Sim XH ota joj lt espa of 22 rein he et fonts re st icy ofall men S107 ust 3.03 ile, the range once by we tana tons {apposiaely ve 9S perce confidence inter) Des Sots yor 1 sears to devel The Non Map, Ihe poet ek even gear sly fers competion tescine rele atest even damatic csges no ể hae, or cumnaed witha ringing sana thangs Homever the sare quite sete wo changes kt ern eber variates Theat cite variables were the:
Map
+ Ricgingnhdie new plief to
National Map and he net sờ existing ppc sith shih the apt et bene tet shed abseil be The ‘he smal anit of rigoons anata werk hal pts re ihe mune he vale in we of iil pati da ad the sts woul al Reet grey to fer sesh these srs We room of sce th eh USGS ae the i
tenets of wg digital spatial information This would he
“ret opptne ime to develop ane stad
`we-Nalof up” iualu oi fam die was wd hat tose we con ad al Pits ey fr Th Te Navona Map develops and ats sersing dt, olow a “Thicwoukt alow he slsken of ee eee outers ae ‘he sinlaion de, thas silanes roving pret
Map impemsnainstopsant cide of he coined "nyenanscuf sera pra pons
References Cited
Trang 22Alexandr Timothy Mand Schmit, Nichols 2092, The one feo fcr brn Noses, NevererDecemter 2002
aninvs Couns Oto amaton Teco, 20 ‘Atal of pac f GIS Blox Canh mui Infra arian ellytSContenti pal
ran, AF Greenberg, DH, Vining, AR an Wein ‘LL 106, Cost Belt Analyas-Coneps and Price: Prec Hil Upper Sale Rive
Bemkowpt RL Camptell, RA, Brosh, DS Shap, !mapying in Chinn, Ob, with pias fr eo dc eolmmidr Bulletin a ihe Assn of Epic ing Geog 25,9 39-56
Banlaspl Rl, Broke, DS Conte, RAL, Shap Spall haar ska tof amie tition fils Eon aod Ping 20p 21-31,
Hern Brooks, DS Sle BA, McKee, Mi Sue JF, Mari 1C.Canpbel, RH 1993, Sasetl Sale af gelngc map: US Geog Srey Ciel
tit
Bond, D200, GIS a sat nays in wt ed eel Tein at pee carta tae oper Cnt for Technology in Govemr 198, Sharing the Su hadng the béngfi the NYS GIS coiperatne Project: Nom York Ste Deparment of Eaves {Conevaion Cemex Teck a Government Project Crows Paes Fries, 17, Lame, S.C, 2905, Sts anit etc ol of te bl ella ol public nt Hes in The Nationl Nop porary Pliny, la and Keamcky Govermr’s Ofc or Techno
Diskiwon,H Calkins, H.W, 89, Te econo eal yaphiel ltummston Sydenx,v 3p S27
Feral Gsogrphi Data Commie 244, National Sp "al Dts InfeasractnePpe: okie a pew ie, mm
2042, Esective summary ofthe Ohio spa data cost be fi amas: PlarGrapv ne and Bor Alen Hanson,
xe Teo ransporation case ses; URISA Journal 6 {Gls benefit US eelagtolSome luptliMel
Aon Benefit Anais 15 Gites, Stphen R200, An empirical approach to esti aedsià,P, Fox 199, Study of pte beni "sic nlotaio S tem lược fi cen age Co Peppard or USD Foret Serie Repo 5, Fea Dvition Mangere Pasi Maan Resor fin st
ptr fa ipl ta)
Huang, G-H, Dison of information teeeploies at changes in sills Sass Univesity So mi unuuniedio of ‘ead Tecnology Resear (SPRUY Pap no 33p oso, D.D Cag, WJ 1997, G1 n Dakota County— ees a pe Minnests Counts, 5p Kone, 1996, Weighing NN GIS Word 52 ps8 2 GIS ones with nancial ray Lost MH Aarn, D197, Bling ‘ipl GS GIS Word Isp 8268 for {enirang 199% Dhsionoln[ommionsml com, nasa ecology to hoses -How come ges
sialon when t ges fa? Teeth Blew fio ‘Techaslogy Coerence, Stock, Sweden -16, emer N18 199, Quniying GIS hres a tatoneap
lp 9189
‘Metis lanl S198, Anyi ‘tio ses (GS) perenne am cung) of Geographic Ion evermersaf Monta spon rear or The Menta ‘Geograpte tora Counc font t pw yep tennant im
Monigonery County Couns Management nd Fis Pay ‘Conte 1999, Geoprapiclformation stn cet benefit sessment ep Montgomery Cat, Nd [onlin hup-hwewaengppe tssstene is [Natl Reser Cou ofthe Natonl Academies, 208,
Aerie rose "
‘Oxon Econnic Research Assis Li, (ONERA, 1988, The ssn euirbtog of the crass survey of Great Hans OXERA, 50 fon ptm
okrerauescemalies |
sors TA, 194, Act spi eliza hgh np ‘ean of 3 GIS: AMUN 4-10 Price Kasha, 195, Ata ilasitire het study: Price Waterhouse Beanie ld ond soap dats
Trang 2316 TheMelomiMmp,
American Congress on Surveying a Mapping: Ames San Sanh ly Phuugfamacuy and Remote Sensing — Rogers EM,
"`" Seats, Gay, 2001 Gopi Dats Poe Stay, pepe it ‘GeoConestion Policy Adbisary Nee: KPMG Consting,
‘Oa Onto, Cana
Report: Federal Gegrapic Data Commie feline st m———— hw
“alah, Divi tt Fld ier 200) Eyplering coun sel pact of rmework daa ot el Freee its saves URISA Jom 1890.2
{revised 2003}, Circular A-34—Goidomos and discount ates For bene cont anayas of Federal pers
‘comic ali phase fu Reston, Vi
Trang 24ACostBeneftAnaisie 17 Appendix A Formal Economic Theory
The National Map annplie daahee nổ exilerÍ senjsti4lnfnpnsie hts pu public god AS ple othe seat of Te National Map isnot eteale anyone oth enlitf ức xo vly penjetalnlsnnuimn {simualy ao cn A shown in cgution | in sein 2, he net beni of Te Noronl Map ae speci be vlweiruee ‘information viable The vale of inform onto the spatial and temporal pions dtl ai to an emer in rms of appiains tat cot stings ale ade, a or peux) The willing t py for 1wnlevlooe túng Thự Noi Ms assed ob tk deren ae
AI 9 gy PUOloa 4 a e an vier the Non Map srs VO the valu in aso epost at depend on the He the
eran he malay of Phe Norn Map:
ỲI„,s/UỬNH) ca
he re SIM)
thee TM refers The National Map pram
Note hal he ote of progression of er adeancement iit 3 er? te and than increase ie sephiicaion
oes nace ie ae aoe abe or xan ae 2 oun came ef eau us ines s
The Nation! Maps pete in ot em ineqtion A2 5 (1 the nese eee to sig he Nationa Map in tte pans auton of = (7A an (2 sana appatons tae from beng «Neon! Mop pa “Te lines to pa for Te Ratna Map drs dean Tp find the margial wlieges 10 py lo The National
Mop aly irene UOT io ts compones
AVF STAND
W0.) 2 dc 2, ADN - [ANH SượNh TÚ AỰNNH “2 AINM- [4,MH so
AAOtS) ds, VOhna) ae TNA * BIN as)
‘Tae tem Ủng, Pest he advance at for The Nationa Map wes chante 200, ‘TN
enna Map a tpresens the rsd demand for The Norio op
Trang 25
8 TheNatone Mop
Appendix B Details of Data Gathering and Synthesis
Estimating Change in Net Benefit of implementing an Application improve es eet por piston f spi at fa Tle
National Map This vali wu calculated using 40 alle syplicsin (hap) sales oud thera = 364 nd fom phone srseys n= 4) Mot fen the aah Salus were ae eso a oganization cost savings
GIS teuincy guns We despot 1 inks Nahr splisions hoe tht oul be plone with The National desgnate "qa apctions theta cone pr enelsih Tức National Map t scan geste tha hệ Is unclear wha resolution woul be eure 0 perfor then ‘The serge yale pet application pt get the Sane plications alone n= 7) 6 -S286I7 The aera ae ‘er appiaton por year of the combined blake sụt plications = 27) 68268772 and he avers value pt
"pliaion yer car of ll gen ppt sls = 30) [SES297836 Table B contains those aplication an tee
mm only ceo ie dat apa ear Ho ears see ‘ha to dteine ho fina erganzaion oe a sl ‘epost aflietion Forte purpose of hs als it Ia he ngon tht the rape spcaton peor ony Wi hs assumption we founds perappaton fale of S311 40 $2885 dead on bh of he 36 Sales are uaed FGDC sey data incite tht he maj 170 potent of te geospatal dala se sof he vet esl
‘mun resolution da oflered hy The Navona Map Stcphen Giles, sriner coma Ax shun edison 0s
‘plication values tht we hate designed Mane”o¢ Ut sa mine to ur lace on he a vl a 1m tim vale etinate we ss val í SIIU be se i,t A0 no the frer eaten Thins dove luge hscuse thst aiePpted lờ menu henge lion al ost savings repo ty sopisicat r e 2)
ee periph orarn on Sad etna wat ante FOE Sry 1404,
Gans St a cc
Isr psy nc nase Sine sats âu vơ 1U si 890m te L8 nang
Ngoc coi oan Ti an eo ‘icone an nea eh wich ae Said me te ng picucn aparece ove pans
Applications and Benefits
Some of he jul acs lest rpots ve revi ote st of pote acl application th (iS ses ori price erganizatons, Wee i Pile thon Isto pera ager comprehen i đố pc is ws pt Tesi fds taka There ae also ae quai data on he Deets ‘ germpatil data vate srt The bees are sino exlsiely i the fomf calclae cost ig a piu npn, Aer son andesanng of GIS pplewlon ad enfin concer: the ms wef sỹ Otte of aeration Tel 2001 oxen anak ‘ofthe coy GIS The ns inthe IS son ss ‘ich dearnent wishin she orange wl athe cst
Trang 26
Tole Coleuatng evalu of an appleatan -Applexion
a EH ‘Age sea
Trang 278 Thedatons Map saving ta the rganiation’ ela appiatons
“Able summarizing he appctions and hoe aa, aon the enti of pai pian provid a ‘heel ofthis anda table 82) Drs potions hl re expected ro be perfoed at the minima slain © arb ‘Splice guranteed by The Naronl Map ate wlictes to ‘be perfomed a soe igheresolvion gu” appa) ‘rte pcos tht The Nena Map my be tens tse for at with po aval enema ae ie ingeen TiMe Hồ m spa ha leo devd pfcetone
cle bythe Gaoeaphy Dice oth USGS 5 apy rings opr
Phone call data surveys
Ineo supplement th atest ro he Mca ture, se đen emote several epesenaiven onan tions tha rds dni n se gmp dat, Cots State fsans, USGS seospatal datacom an her ous of information recomended ows by 0 coms Toor comeratins wih each presente, ve were nicola interested in collin quntalve ia om the, following tops to i or Bee xiao
+ Usage lel
+ Anphesiom (55 th ita
Usage
RRoyenlenk gne sever lien ons of esse or sage lvl of her geospatial dala or example sey 00
Teens parched theese wih sophie
{GIS cpa auc x Clark Cou Neva) webs, “ale cote th nlelGIS cBlide tsgclalx Applications
‘The sespopens provide several examples of geo sero generat and pit hi own map rhe date plo, inpand arene applications, a eter, The applications Ite the respondents do conte a extant tater sould be iewed av sto examples,
Benefits
Trang 28
ACostBenettAnasis 21 Tobia 82 Apliatan adh etnaad values wher aval
[Mh eso eal Mpa angle Shei ayo gy Tht cae pra 3e at a xt be fm ot ina msi pnp The
‘olan ul pon Benge ects ei ae Paleo meee ote — Ìl | natn Tam =f ———————— 0 | T Raheny seo li ia on a RN y x he orp ns ey pee See pean neal pee or OT ued pr ad een Kp
Pea Ue cag ev ets pape rcp penta ppt TE)
pete pcan te ale anys i oT Wares analysis “ Tein el TOSS Dag cing Tx*
Taser See Ta OSD aa SE xÌx
Tt ang onion of eee ve po pa) Tr
Tagan TH
= te :
Trang 29
2 TheNatona Map ‘whe B2, Appeations and tho axinstd values hee aalnle}—Coninued Appleslen me -Agrciiuereennimr Aennxoni sunel Bil serves Bdge mento and apoio Bukhngpeom eee Conant der
Trang 3124 The Nationa Map
Trang 32Table Aphabebcalis of cour eal IS apocstons A Con-BenotiAnayis
County GIS Applications
Trang 332% TheNatonsl Mop
Appendix C STELLA Software and NB-Sim Model Details Sten In, HPS) sea pr i es ne oot
tle of ysl soil or infomton ses and sneite ‘anges inthe ssn ner te Ths evry we Sofware, nsdn lowing zy etl comes ‘slices, insert els he system de Sndallows wide range of exponent within den The teractions er tem open ae
anspor doer ely ast de the ane os] {ng an ine ex aes elec STELLA is sous en sok —tne hinge ht a ssn Ms te Tse it ln tw ihe sks The we draws boes forse aed, pipe srs eeenting os i anon oe sok Fhe dametr ofthe pipes adh the rat ot be jst by thiol STELLA bie, called comer wt efectos snes the pial ness or ees Ihe vĩ vao edof Mu, Ti gienaxew tia[ ‘sliomsipe tune he aa event Tắc eps ny const vals ne pene actions ce ther ale spies tine top nr with which toca Themes value oe bets ae duane mad
ft warble re Bt can ahs he sc aes Tables ees pes of dt
‘We realize that, Bocas ofthe large amu of erin aur hii vals ues of can of sich mods,
Inpeo apps, the cnstand Reet fa tl {tin et of aptications ane te pian if Son and anova, we wonld tbe able to produc sine, Aeneas to th preset hela Te Nao
tracking the font cose desloping and using sia tts pone trough an ontine viewer al serve, te mee todesclop «single anower tht would prove unsalsae,
anseer at wel arse ot of igor amas ad tube sinlaton oth env ptr bt ao kad “ess, ivor ht sults, By gig he Oc of Mangere and Budget auntie esi al the STELLA
t«welinese li dựa We so hoped odemonste hat “spt ars nh da heneie mew ‘igre and halen gun be wed wo ack hangs ihe cớ vụ mac hen ‘Orn then, was chen tếeueloneanl vioble come seb inthe toe ramus tsk, Hr emis ‘eats a STELLA I sme cans this a tag
"anh tư it ther ese there Ito, The cia poss Dough some ata ees ect one-one tat
‘teachable deere nk uation 3 its ye STELLA mel abe C2 cote te hascine —`
NB-Sim Model Steps
“RIES fe’ Net Hevesi Sinulaton”T ston describ theses NEF Sin aes ascsig thet beni of The ‘ofthe use terfve pags ig C1 aad nae wie dasrars he processes involved in NB-Sien
soptisaton The joni of te cones (6S pete a ih percent aren Tier 2 Inthe ese nef fe coues ‘acter data pol byTheNaona Map bas The ‘of he appa thy dn poe Nn Map wr, Te Natal Map seamed ats Ne cout, đề
{dan The optics enables tho od in bein odie ‘leslops and hos a los, ane USCS cans
Trang 34Table CI varablesin sh eons sinuiton mael an th senna vais, A cost Benoit Arayis SHS satis = [Net peesent hevetit of The Renae teat mu yxy | TNH Net Peou Benet Present Costs, Calculated —— 1s Total ase Con ae
tl gam so Cow Reasof velopment Fading [em
Èye=soslsssoiDoiuAÐlli”) Tier 223 Initial Fraction 0.058; 0.30; 065 Pela wo eh sich applications: called Tên le -đạa appledion in each er ce “Teri Mesa NU per Annleatam Fader Sam NB pe Aplroien det we sts mem, ‘Weta = Sonn siOca0 ser app eS = 1 mean Drs rn Nowa Teal numero patito Tier Appian
Han vn eei | Thgi29Ape;FeflApptee | T79 Appleuin
le 1 Novexpice Cate an at ig | Ten 8 Din
Totaly (078 counter Xantergfdehereninieral |g |TivlUsee.fie2Uentiei - | “đieiLA hai
thue "- acto cle heer
Raentummamufssr— [„ Tie Twas Faded” 26 por sere
ono h Mgnulnh Rac tse lệnh
an P SuiưBNxzr ‘Grape tion oT
Corpo each ine ep Sonplehon terenoe
Rat of one-ter Usr shameeneuinatmedep [4 n Tie To) Abaco Tice 72 Advancement ie a pe se, eof ler pra “Calele asdisconied Renelvo Phe ma an | yas Taal Pest Beets Siovof ret iets of
Trang 35
8 TheNatons Mop Teble C2 Deaae N-Sin modelnpts rd na expanctns rane Tae Soar aa iawn [Ea 0 Em Senn [Aono Yemsrdorhgnsrrese IIETNNITTET) Asani tal ane Tr apts 3 [ÂN
Ter? lin + [ASIRRine eto mes
| rnp 10 | Aegan: bed on ines
Fess ans ag | eaten Taleo 3a [US Gone Boe Ter tion 8% | omFGDC Sires teres,
Ta vụ appiewion _| em stan] Naw of ie apaion we
“Tier 3 mean net benefit application ae Asabove Federal mean net Benefit application bad nied Asabove
Tt ion se varanasi sone wie ae
"Te iio Tie isn Mansa _[avstve Min = [me
Fac natn Mạc [Asap
Fede ergs pion —[ SIN ee | Explain ty
Enero spleain eure ae Ribot jean | Armed alo daw
Trang 36`
Figure C1 The uerintertacein the conpunionl mac N8 Sơ, ‘mods what wer nts a the county sl experene, we
wil descr te analogous Fea transitions, “The devclpnet of he Namal Map wel sta “airing and vpn the data cna tae fe, 0 te Beetle o above dont begin aces ih aba Rather therein process by whch he "Coane ươm
INM Users” Asis the ae fright NB-Siy, the tres es are hand set) so that te user ay anne ‘pen nital alue and ates of change ne desided oe he sare vals in cach or but Bem allows fo diferent Inputs han ue asl) The et beni re each ere Smee a thea maining separation vail fhe alos nore exiy and specify in modeling Noe ha he di ‘Sn bl deers manly ir 3b oneal ei Processes ae plc ines | a2 This watson Pecos Sites is modsed slow between two wocke—"Coumis™ tnd “TNM Users The Now is depennt on te taped an ‘mth: poponn of Te Narn Map tht complet a that
limes Atihis stage, the ces the simulation operate onsion wih he em Fer coast pp dats rm he ‘National Mop calle "TNM Users ofr weer 0 people rung silts wis NBS a “operons The ‘pear won wih the NB-Si neice pape ee hg C110
Ike sinlaion deisons as described sow,
Mpc TEL os ted amr of reps Tchc-AiAEecTerzeenntelcoy antenna te inate ama hehe
‘Othe biediee bực he operator inp ales ote “Year Rey to Develop TM dhe “Atal [Dev These arse este thing The forme a be Yeats af TNML cotnate of ho lng The Noriona Map wou tak ae ly ‘outed ie the operator detested al aia eve Uhelaterisaneapeson of if abo how mary ear of Fusing wl aca eve Frm those 80 stings NB- Sim wl eternine "Fal Development Proportion, which is ply the ratio ears fase ears eed hss the
ecetage of Te National Map that wl be acieve athe ead 'NB-Sim also cleles an "An nplementton Rats whic he io of Final Deselopment Poprtion othe Yeas ‘of Developmen Fading Tien tke at develop ‘not wich ill be funded and sped i ou eerie app 2 ane rae Fal NBS cael runing tl of STNM Percent Compt” thts pda each yar This omen fom iterating tbe Atal Inpememtaton Rae each ea ad ‘leulating how uch of TNM actualy in plac athe of ‘chine sep, capping hs th al Developmen! Pop tion’ Figure C2 shows these modting steps ‘The wastion fom "Ty 3 Counh" toa “Tie 3 TNM, Users accomplished using he sabes đeibed la thề
Trang 3728 TheNatona Map
shove pargraph This frm the County sock othe {TNM Usersockproeeds a ute dependent onthe nunher ‘feos inthe Tier 3 Counts tek and the action of The Nartonal Map thts ben competed a ch pm in time, Esch yea, The Nation Map advanced wad is
its dase, and ral moe counties make the tas tiến rom Counc to TNM Users sei C3), Whe the
®
ae
Finol Development Proprio is heen reached thi ‘ops and any counties lft in she Coury stock ty tee, revert ave The Nuon! County I he National Map fond for many ear 38 Map vin elzed inthe
the operator Blin will kes develop, hen adequate te xa for al counties all eee es be ved ter TNM User Fanny TNM for ewer years than meses ilar allow it to be Tally developed inal places, and ths
seaman aac
esd
gue C2 Wie diagram itusrating underng dyramis othe NB-Sim model Operating tor es a ants nang fr The Nazar Mop THM) Paral Mactannes Fung Aru Devon angina etn Years of TNM Oban Year Rag 9 Deve'ap TNMI low elexston of Annual Cet, mplomartaon Percent Carlet ate Aaral pl Rat) and praeetconpaton acho (TUM Ter 3To2Adarcemect “T2 To 1AeAancemen Figure C3 Wire gram satingurdenjing namics of he NBS adel As Te Nato Map Ms bit chon
‘trough esr syst The ates of has
ety rome ars advance upd
Trang 38
filo change sl Couns to Users and to ep any ts etn he Naina Map cou vc The cans hs fxs on he ate of Fhe poo Navona ap penesatin athe pada caso o {theta from ars the re Nation nthe da distin system: This is eit tp nthe lage tsk of esting the nl ets of The ational Map, Ae au he poses eps, sever hers Rein lps ane ‘nrlppingtvoushou thee pes This prpely representative rea, 28m oe sy te a Te ‘ational fps omy tnpleene every nkere before sling toe he dts ples ere exis The following Purgrphs describe es ter poceses coheed by NBS ofthe grup any bein wing The Nawal Mo tain set of Eis spt, There sai hah sal, pol of ‘ising Ter? Appian anon even slr puto Fer Applications The nl ie of hse pol of exiting apc ths cane eter in he mat nea in ep TNAC Uses wil poet smn eve Applicaton lụ may
separ ita estat fol sul applet iiaon ‘full be bind simply by alpine the al mune (User enero alte apt pleenaiens ‘shin cach i,t ths would be cet
sible application, The wil eed ane del bt he fern applications We hve eed ts ie los Di Shon, Rasa on cones oun ie ce a tcc Tigra, we have mole Dison a ing sg ure wth aml sifasion pled fast of is “Tae caress acese slowly thn aor aly a hon lee! lf 5 Fhe Nationa May achieves completion se Hệ 3) The graph of cumulative ifs ar ot step
ti cạn stead Reet dare of "nate evo the st of application Even hough spl ths estat The Nason Map ides ata de tem, takes tine anda fy complete Neon Map fr these Fes tie, the ore quel al cpl apes Shi tie cn he Notion We ene sh Tic TSM Users wil adopt ae aplleatons some an me ceronly
than Tie 2 TM Uses tm ae ster and mvc giek hat Tt 3TNM Uxe Ahermte ra ít spSile Datos cin be san on 9 graph of itso ston TNE Percent Complete ot he operator rie pze ‘oleh shi coer ion sepa ram the rms fo Cont to NM User deserted bone at
aol Masse wheres he iano poses ac infra arenes, nna neta unl he eet ‘atta ese sy a ape asses il st ake
‘salle to ane and soi ge Cp Ing te nines of TM Caer an Appts ech ie ACostBeneftAnaisis 31 together toyed numberof implemented Application sto simple of solution sea this prac st belied bythe cumulative Ditfsion (a faction between Oa |) 10 represent te avalablity of all applications across the country This ven comes ron grap operator determined inpas tik hat show in igure C9 weve even wit incorporation of Difision, his result would he an ovement of applicatin use Notevery application is need in every pce, Exarples of tis loca Tionspoifienec-Liitaton ate Wt no sap outs ned ation routes sed he planed in Nowy Dako Fuster at ‘very application neds to pre each and exery ver Tis ‘ya fequorey-eaed ned limtation Given be of these iciscxtemey unitely tat he faction of available applic approach oe, Even though te necessary dat ad capacities thay exist he “audience” for those apliatons ina gen
‘place ina give year i ikely tobe uc lose to zea than ‘won, Futer his fraction of walle applications tha ake Amplemcats is Khel sy Hom sear year
Te account forall of these sss, we esate a process ‘one fr each ie nd each year doting each mode! un This ‘anon eum sos er the union disiaion ‘ut fom the inerse exponential dstebution wi an ala params fof, which skows he distebution very else to zero, Mos! ofthe raion draws ate less than 0.25, ant than 156, On the bass of ur interviews with state and [elev this 0 be a eanseraive estimate fr needed use ‘equerey of appientons This metho sso proces vri
nce total application use fem year 0 esr ss happens ite apes in the model agra a6 "Neo Limit Prog’ ("fr 2 ‘or, depending oa Tet
foreach es, we mpl his andom mune by the prodict ‘ofthe previous mokiplication step (which was Nur o Appliestons » Numer of FNM Users * Cumulative Dit sion action), We wil show hw: hse specific Appiation Use number is se shor Fist, we show how the numberof
“Anothst press we mee was hat of Inpovaton thatthe existence of Fhe National Map is kel to spur the ‘evelopment of new uses for dig spaa ts, we bit in tier spite tates of Innovation, The itinsie Innovation rate {sa constant with default ‘While this peeser tate of new apphation development i & vals of 2 percent pe user-ser
Trang 392 The National Map
Tier3 innovationReate ‘Years Funded 8 Innovations Tier3 Appleghone Tiers THM Users: / / J) eed tim Propin 3 oa»
TM Percent Tier3 Diffusion Complete Tierd Appuse
gure We gram tusatng undying eyes of ho NB Sim del The ru
‘oro aplestonimplemenans Son pratt of naman sr of Naena a er ha AgpUse s tering bee musics lap TNNN II TR Uses nanaee ‘apaeaone ‘nee Mee Line Papa Now apstons ra meat Tir’ Appian) a comolu tson acon er Dts, ant at constr te {Mo maortar Re mhglelby 0e nunbes[esne ‘Years Funded x Tier! Innovations Tier Applications 2 ah ‘Tiert lnnovationRatel = \ / Tier? Appications Th Perce, net 5 Complete `-2 TNMUSes | / A Tiert Ditfusion\ 2 XS fi ge Ted Appkations @®————x* a
Need Limit Prop 1 Tiers AppUse
Trang 40te ach hat doesnt on tow, crease he were ‘hove aplcatons, Thats asteved trough the Dison cess athe uansitin on Counties to TNM User Nariman is compl inven cold apn deli al paetial od wef apleans ar eloped and ple ‘ened, Comer iaonation cold proceed inden (hough ily ata stow rate) We dil fn ay Metre that dressed the ck-ens ofthis innovation care, no ‘id we clan tow amnaimim tie of splcaons tha could pow xia each er Any argument el ‘make based on atlogos leiaogis would be inp t test Frc, sever the magne of is fect tis ily
1 st is auence wel fer Phe Natoma Map his achieved ‘pposch othe simulation, we decided th iors cous btu fr 20 eur afer Sevetopeen ning oped Aleta te, the ow fnew picts wel 301 220
Tron, ntl Appleton re aval al ses Tee 3 TNM Users my oly uli Ter 3 Applications Tier? TNM Users may lize Te 2 an Tier 3 Appin, and Ter 1 TNM Users ave the teil expertise ad dat 0 rake we of Applications rom al thee ers Fie Sis:
tras he Appleton Use porta of te diagram Comparing re socks, representing ie atonal aay of er 2 thd aplication, Trợ 1 Use ths has grea uber of
‘One proces relied thi ess tat of Adsncement through he er syste, represented in MiguteC3.As The National Mop proies ow-cos as, ray of patil data ‘pplication ad (on technical soppor an cllberaon islkls tha many PNM Users a es 2 and 3 wl develop reser expeise th aplication De do, the wil ely 1 embark om increasingly sphis- of dg spat As
‘ented and eral spplstions This could upgrade tem fom thee 3 tier o fom ier 20 er |, Ts se amber of Ter 1 Uses i expected ogo er te if of The Navona Map The mime of Ter 3 Users in expected to sik: a T2 Users are expected to increase then decrease oer ine Both ofthese sages of Advancement increase Ihe mast
ter of poteialappiatons avaableo TM Uses This Adansement proses of TNM Users moving trough he ets ie separate a sinc rom thal of Coote tecoming TNM User On te wer inerfc, there are operntorscleted ies sĩ TNM Uses advancing in each ine step Tee ae bled “Fiero 1 Advancement” and"Tier3 102 Advances:
By wy of ummaing the cain ths fa, ech Ser andi each ine ep, weave; +A poses
af Counties becoming TNM Uses
+ TNM User adopting some ofa po! of existing app + The bead increntes trough the Dion proces fuse of this oo of aplicaons
Atos BoneitAnahsis 3 + The numbers avail pits ineeases + The hưeeaiap,DMhsde si Chung so TNM User vs tal depot onthe epee of develop
nen of The Navona Map sich sls dependent tie ni te he Arual and Needed fang for ‘evelopment
+ Many TM Users advance upvad tough thet sacs ths increasing he mmber of ppc alae bem
+ The nugleroFTNM Uses the number of Applica random auater between ero and one are miptied Teper to produ total number of Applicaton Uses A disuse ithe analytical ramen section We cde woul fe a fr asamption to mui an exited ner of Appietion Uses nea er and ie by an att Spe et beet of Naina Map data they would be ued in ‘hove applications Te sltestive woul bet deferine an ‘et dota sale fer each aplication and summing hase et Benefits over the ounber of apliatons we could nd This best option, ‘Becatse the bundle of implemened Applicaton lãnh) ‘rea constant ve ore ene Drawing random a- {es from tora ston cetered ona accurate mead Seemed more gers Te soltwaefstres sul con ‘mand 1 dea random number fm 3 somal dsb, ‘ihe te pyogrammer can select theres ad andar Aevanon We developed an verge vdde to ue 3 he đe ‘ean for shee ado son the basi uve) res, Jnterviews and ois review ee appendix B for ‘ore eis on ico) The sand deviation ee st efourh ofthe awlanly dan valu, We fe this produced
‘lien arition without casing the values or ne bene ‘to shyrocket a plummet in consecutive years Adstonly St does low he ote for ery small one aceasions, epntve serge changes oper appliation net benefit The