VAN HOA - XA H O I Nhan Dan so Viet Nam (26/12): MdT sd U^N fil vi CH(£N D I phuc vu cho viec hoach dinh chien luge phat Ll/GfC D^N s6 HI^N NAY Viet Nam dang d thoi ky "dan so vang" triln kinh tl - xa hdi, 1/4/2009, nude ta da tien Mdt sd diem can luu y ve phat trien dan sd d hanh cude tdng dilu tra dan sd va nha d tren pham nude ta hien la quy md dan sd tre, tiem nang vi toan qudc Day la lin thii 3, nude ta td chiic tdng sinh san cao Do dd, Viet Nam bat dau bude vao dilu tra dan sd va nha d (1989, 1999 va 2009) thdi ky "dan sd vang" nghia la sd ngudi Ngay 21/7 vira qua Ban chi dao Trung uong da tudi lao ddng ldn hon sd ngudi sdng phu thude cdng bd ket qua qua dgt tdng dieu tra lan (ngudi sdng phu thude chu yeu d tudi dudi 15 va Mot vai so lieu thong ke tren 65 tudi) Trudc day, mot ngudi tudi Tinh den Oh 1/4/2009, dan sd nude ta lao ddng phai "cdng" mdt ngudi phu thude (con cai, la: 85.846.997 ngudi, tang: 9,523 trieu ngudi so cha me ), thdi ky "dan sd vang" hien nay, thi bai vdi nam 1999 Ti le tang dan sd binh quan la: ngudi lao ddng chi phai lo cho mdt ngudi phu thude 1,2%/nam Day la thdi ky ti le tang dan sd thap chua den tudi lao ddng hoac het tudi lao ddng nhat vdng 50 nam qua Binh quan mdi nam Vdi dac diem "dan sd vang", Viet Nam phai tang 952.000 ngudi Tudi thg trung binh ciia nam bat thdi ca bang each can day manh cdng tac ngudi Viet Nam hien la 72,8 tudi Vdi sd dan dao tao nghe cd chat lugng tdt de tao siic canh 85,847 trieu ngudi thi nude ta xep vao loai ddng tranh cao tren thi trudng lao ddng Neu de siic lao dan thii d Ddng Nam A (sau Indonesia va ddng ddi du nhan rdi se sinh nhieu bat lgi cho Philipines) va diing thii 13 sd nhiing nude xa hdi, khdng tao dugc siic bat cho su phat trien ddng dan nhat tren the gidi kinh te ciia dat nude thdi ky hdi nhap cdng Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh hien cd sd dan cao nhat nude len tdi: 7,1 trieu ngudi Tiep den la thu Ha Ndi 6,5 trieu ngudi; Thanh Hda 3,4 trieu; Nghe An 2,9 trieu ngudi nghiep hda - hien dai hda hien Mot so van de flat cho cong tac dan so hien Theo sd lieu thdng ke cdng bd ket qua sa bd Sd ngudi sdng d dd thi tang nhanh tir 23,5% tdng dieu tra dan sd va nha d thi day la thdi ky nam 1999 len 29,6% nam 2009, chung td sir dan sd tang thap nhat vdng 50 nam qua nhu chuyen dich ca cau dan sd va sir phat trien kinh te tren da ndi Tuy nhien may nam trd lai day, da d nude ta qua trinh dd thi hda Ve ty sd gidi xuat hien tinh trang tang nhanh dan sd bieu hien tinh sinh, ket qua dieu tra cho thay lau cii qua mdt sd dac diem sau: 100 nii cd 98,1 nam Nhung tu nam 2006 trd lai Thii nhat, chua khdng che dugc ti le sinh, dac day xuat hien chenh lech gidi tinh sinh, cd biet la ti le sinh thir trd len dang cd xu 111 tre nam/100 tre nii Ca biet cd dia phuong ty hudng tang trd lai, tir dd chua dn dinh dugc miic le len den 120-125 tre nam/100 tre nii N I U sinh thay the va qui md dan sd Vdi da tang dan khdng cd bien phap dieu chinh vdng 20 nam sd nhu may nam vira qua thi dan sd Viet Nam sap tdi se cd tinh trang thieu nir, thira nam Viet Nam den se la 100 trieu ngudi khdng cdn xa se phai "nhap khau" cd dau BAN T I N K H O A H O C VA (Xem tiep trang 16) CONG NGHE THUA THIEN HUE, 12-2010 KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE Cu-oTig quyet xu ly MOT SO VAN DE VE CHIEN LU^OC Cac tram BTS phai tuan thii quy hoach da (Tiep theo trang 21) dugc phe duyet, nham tiet kiem cho ngan sach Thii hai, xuat hien hien tugng mat can bang nha nude, vi cac doanh nghiep vien thdng da phan gidi tinh nhu tren da ndi Day ciing la van de co la ciia nha nude Kinh phi dau tu nhieu nhung tinh chat thdi sir ve dan sd Viet Nam hien xu khdng hieu qua thi deu phai tinh vao dau khach hudng gia tang ti le gidi tinh khdng mong mudn hang, dan den khach hang phai chiu gia cude cao sinh (ty le be trai nhilu hon be gai) theo du Dieu lam giam sir canh tranh ciia doanh bao neu khdng can thiep sdm thi din nam 2030 se nghiep va lam kim ham sir phat trien ciia vien cd khoang 2,5-3 trieu nam gidi Viet Nam khdng thdng ddi chi phi len Ngugc lai, neu cac the lay vg Viet Nam NghTa la se cd hien tugng doanh nghiep vien thdng thda thuan de su dung thieu ed dau ngudi Viet Nam chung ca sd tang thi gia cude dugc giam va khach hang se la ddi tugng dugc hudng lgi Thii ba, van de gia hda dan sd Ben canh viec kiem soat tang dan sd thi van de gia hda dan so Ddi vdi nhiing tram BTS xay dung trai phep, can phai dugc quan tam diing miic Gia hda dan khdng phu hgp vdi quy hoach, cac ca quan ban sd gan lien vdi cac chinh sach ddi vdi ngudi cao nganh can tiep tuc gia ban thdi gian, riit ngan thii tudi, phu hgp vdi nhu cau phat trien an sinh, xa tuc de cac doanh nghiep vien thdng bd sung hd sa hdi O Viet Nam hien cd khoang 10% ngudi xin cap giay phep Ddng thdi, can cd chinh sach cao tudi (60 tudi trd len) so vdi dan sd ca nude khuyen khich giiia cac doanh nghiep viec Gia hda dan sd nghia la tudi thg trung binh tang, diing chung tang BTS, de dd chi phi ciia nha ngudi cao tudi cang nhieu Tudi thg trung binh nude va dam bao quy hoach Neu doanh nghiep ciia ngudi Viet Nam nhiing nam vira qua nao khdng thuc hien, can cd bien phap cudng che, nhu sau: nam 2006: 68 tudi; nam 2007: 70 tudi; thao dd; ddng thdi, phai cd che tai xu phat thich nam 2008: 72 tudi; nam 2009: 73 tudi dang ddi vdi cac doanh nghiep khdng nghiem Loi ket chinh chap hanh va cd tinh chay y, vi pham Chinh sach dan sd hien dang la van de ciia Lien quan den vin de xay dung tram BTS loai tren dia ban tinh Thira Thien Hul, 19/10/2010, UBND tinh da ban hanh Cdng van sd 4583/UBND-CN thdng nhat giao Sd Thdng tin va Truyin thdng ehu tri, phdi hgp vdi Sd Xay dung khin truang khao sat, lap quy hoach he thdng tram BTS tren dia ban tinh; thdi gian dang tiln hanh lap quy hoach, Sd Xay dimg, UBND phd Hul, thi xa Huong Thuy va cae huyen tam thdi ngung viec cip phep xay dung mdi cac tram BTS loai tai eac hd dan toan cau, la van de chien luge cua mdi qudc gia Ddi vdi tinh ta chuang trinh dan sd ciing khdng nam ngoai cac cdng viec da neu tren Quy md dan sd dn dinh la ca sd ciia mdt xa hdi phdn vinh, gia dinh hanh phiic Chinh sach dan sd lien quan den timg gia dinh, den tien bd xa hdi, den phat trien tai nang va cai tao ndi gidng Su nghiep cdng nghiep hda-hien dai hda dat nude va hdi nhap qudc te dang ddi hdi nhieu den ngudn nhan luc va chit lugng dan sd cao Chiing ta quyet tam hanh ddng cho chiln luge dan sd dat ket qua tdt chinh la vi cude sdng dep cho the he hdm va the he mai sau Pham Hang Nguyen Cu-oiig BAN TIN KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE THUA THIEN HUE, 12-2010