Xah6ihpcs6 2(I26),2014 J5 THE CHE KINH TE THI TRlTCJNG DINH HU'(!iNG XA H O I CHU NGHIA VA M O T S O VAN DE TRONG XAY DI/NG, PHAT TRIEN XA H O I N O N G THON VIET NAM HIEN NAY NGUYEN CHi D0NG* NGUYEN THI LAN** The che va the che kinh te thi trirong dinh hu-^g xa hoi chu nghia 1.1 KItdi ni^m ve the chi Thi chi la gi? Phuong Tdy, "'Ilil chi" hay "Thilt chi" (Institution) duac sit dung bien cdc vdn bdn phdp ly va cac cong trinh nghien cuu khoa hpc tir dau the ky XX den Nhiing ngum dau tien dua khdi niem day dii, chi tilt, khoa hpc vl thi chi la Thorstrin Veblen (1898), Emile Durkhiem (2012), John, R Commons (1924), Douglass North (1988) Tir nhieu goc dp tiep cgn va phan tich khac nhau, nhung tuu chung, thi chi hay thiet che dupe hieu nhu nhiing quy chudn chinh thuc vd phi chinh thiic duac thira nhan rpng rdi bcri c6ng dong xa hpi, dat co so cho viec dieu chinh, kiem sodt hdnh vi xd hpi ciia nguoi Thi che bao gom ba bp phan cau Thu nhdt: nh&ng quy tdc chinh thiic dupe chudn hoa cdc van ban phdp ludt nhu; Hien phdp, Ludt, cac vdn ban duoi ludt duac nha nuac ban hdnh mot cdch co he thing mpt chi dp xd hpi xdc djnh; Thu hai: nhiing quy tdc khong chinh thirc, quy dinh each thuc giao tiep, ung xtr ciia nguoi voi nguoi nhu cac luat tue, tap quan, truyen thong, quy uac cpng d6ng Nhiing quy chudn hinh thanh, phdt triin, bien dii suit tiin trinh lich sir cua timg c6ng ding xa hpi; Thu ba: nh&ng chi dinh dam bdo su tudn thii ciia cac vien xa hpi voi cdc quy tdc, cac chudn m\rc dd dupe xdc nhan Vift Nam, ciing nhieu y kien khdc nhau, nhung the che dang dupe hilu la h? thing cdc dinh chi, cae gid tri, chudn muc xd hpi dupe thi hien bdng he thong ludt phdp, cac quy dinh, quy che, quy uac hoptiidnhnguyen tdc to chiie vd phuong thiic van hdnh cua mot chi dp xa h^i, nhdm dieu ehinh va xdc lap cac quan h? kinh tl, chinh tri, xa hpi ciia eon nguoi cung nhu ciia cac chu thi xa hpi Theo dinh nghia ndy, th6 ehS bao gom hai thdnh to ea ban: Mpt la, he thing cdc gia tri, chudn m^c xa h6i dupe thilt lap thdnh cac quy chudn ludt phdp chinh thiic va phi * PGS TS Vi$n Xd hgi hpc, Hgc vien Chinh trf Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh ThS, yipnJCd hgi hgc Hoc vien Chinh tri Quoc gia Ho Chi Minh 16 Cdn trd ddi v&i tdng lap ndng ddn he thong phdn tdng chinh thuc Cdc quy ehudn ndy dupe xd hdi thua nhdn, thuc hien, song nhimg xd hpi cd phdn chia giai edp, Ipi ich vd tu tudng eiia giai cap edm quyen van Id yeu td quan trpng, quydt dinh ndn tdng quan diem co bdn xay d\mg h$ thdng cac quy chuan va thuc thi cdc chd tdi Hai la, mdt hS thdng cdc dinh ehS (ede eo quan) dupe thidt lap nhdm tri trat tu xd hdi, dam bdo cho xd hdi thuc hien nghiem ede quy ehudn dd dupe xd hpi thira nhan, tudn theo Viee xdy dung cdc dinh ehd ndy xudt phdt tit nhOng nhu cdu thuc td cua viec kidm sodt vd didu ehinh hatih vi xa hdi eua mdi ngudi, mdi chu the nhdm ddm bdo cho xd hdi van dpng vd phdt trifa theo nhihig quy ludt tu nhien vdn cd cua nd Day la CO sd chinh ydu dl phan chia thd chi thdnh nhihig loai khde nhu: the che chinh trj, the che kinh te, the che van hda, xd hdi Trdn thuc tl, cac loai thi chi ndy duac xdy dung, hodn chinh vd phdt trien mdi quan he thdng nhdt Trong do, he tu tudng cua giai cap cam quyen Id co sd dS xdc dinh nhihig gid tri vd chuan muc co ban, ehinh yeu nhdt cho timg loai the che eua xa hdi ddy, co sd tdng kinh te ndo ed the che kinh te phii hop loai dd Vi du, kinh tl kl hoach hda tap trung cd the che kinh te hdnh chinh, bao cap Kinh te thi trudng ed thi ehl thi trudng tu day du vd thi trudng dupe dilu tiet d nhtog mdc dp khac bdi nha nude Tir cdc loai the ehd kinh te khdc ma xdy dung nhiing the che ehinh tri, vdn hda - xd hdi tuong ilng, phu hop Day Id nIn tdng tao nen svr th6ng nhdt dinh hudng xdy dung, thuc hi|n cdc the che nhdm kiem tra, gidm sdt hdnh vi cita eon ngudi d nhihig giai doEin phdt trien khde cua lich sd Trong thuc te, ngoai viec thi che hda bdi he thdng ludt phdp, he gid tri chudn muc xa hdi eon dupe chi tilt hda hon thdng qua h$ thdng cdc chinh sdch kinh tl, xd hdi dupe nha nude hoach dinh vd thuc Men timg giai doan phat triin Trong dd, ede ehinh sach vS tu lieu sdn xuat ve dat dai, ve tai chinh, vl ddu tu, vl lao ddng, vl an ninh, qu6c phong vd vl an sinh xd hdi Id nhung su thi ehl hda quan trpng nhdt TCr day md thilt Idp cdc dinh ehl nhdm ddm bdo su phdt triin xd hdi va kilm soat hdnh vi eua cdc chu thi Cdc djnh che ve tdi chinh, vl kinh doanh, vl quyIn sd hihi, vl hdnh chinh, vl an sinh xa hpi, ve ddi ngojii, vl vdn hda Id nhung djnh chi ehinh ylu nhdt dl dilu chinh hdnh vi xa hpi ciia eon ngudi nhOng ITnh vue boat ddng khdc cua xa hpi Nghien ciiu nhung dnh hudng tich cue vd tieu cue eua thi ehl xa hdi, cdn chu y vai ted, tdc ddng cua timg loai djnh chi ndy vdi su tham gia cua eac chii the hf thdng chinh Ui va cpng ddng xa hdi 1.2 Thi che kinh titlii Iruc/ng dinh Im&ngxa hoi chii nghia Kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hdi chu nghia la ten gpi cua mpt kilu td chute, qudn ly nen kinh td xa hpi dupe Dang Cdng sdn Vipt Nam dl xudt vdo nda eudi thap kj 80, d^u thap nien 90 eua thi ky XX Day Id md hinh kinh tl - xa hpi vdn hdnh theo nhung quy ludt cua kinh tl thi trudng cd su dilu ehinh ciia Nhd nude Md hmh phdt ttien kinh te - xd hpi ciing da dupe V.I Lenin dua va dp dpng tnroc dd, thdi ky sau Cdch mang Thdng Mudi (1920-1924) Trong dd, nen kinh tl ed sv dan xen, hon hop ciia cdc thdnh phdn kinh tl: Nha nude, Tjp thi vd kmh tl Tu ban tu nhdn Trong bdi cdnh ndy, nha nude cho phep mpt so Iinh vue cua thi teudng dupe tdn tai vd phdt triin Bo Thien Kinh 17 San xudt vd trao doi hang hoa mot so nganh dupe thuc hi^n ty NEP la mpt ehinh sdch nhu thi Sau nay, F.M.Taylor (1929) va mot s6 nhd kinh tl hpc nguoi Balan (1936) da nghien ciiu vd dua nhiing luan diem vl phat triin nIn kinh tl thi truong co su dilu tilt cua nha nuac, dac biet dieu kien cita Chu nghia xa hoi Trong do, sii dung cac bien phdp dieu tiet ciia thi trudng sir ket hop voi kl hoach hoa Tir din nay, tren thi gidi, cdc m6 hinh kinh te thi truong hay ke hoach hoa dd eo su phdt trien dan xen, chuyen hoa lan Nhiing uu diem cua timg mo hinh phat trien dd duac hpc tap, van dung vao cdc mo hinh khac Trong the gioi duong dai ngdy nay, khong qu6c gia, viing lanh tho nao chi dinh huong phat trien voi mpt mo hinh phat triin kinh tl - xa hpi nhdt The che kinh te thj truong dinh huong xa hpi chu nghia co nhimg ddc diem sau: Thu nhdt, nen kinh te vira van hanh theo quy ludt thi trudng, vira dupe dilu tiet theo su quan ly cua Nhd nuac Thu hai, da dang cac hinh thiie so hihi, nhung so hiiu nha nuac dong vai tro chii dao; ddt dai thupc sa huu todn dan Thii ba, phdn phoi dupe thuc hi?n theo ket qud lao dpng, hieu qua sdn xudt va muc dong gop ve lao dpng qud khii Thii tu, phan phoi lai dupe thuc hien thong qua he thong ehinh sdch xa hpi, an sinh xd hpi va thong qua chinh sach dau tu hop ly, cong bang giGa ede nganh, cac ITnh vue, eac dia phuang Thu ndm, phdt trien kinh te song hanh voi viec bdo v$ moi truong, dam bao phdt trien ben viing Thii sau, dinh huong xdy dung duac mpt he thong quyen luc xa hpi phii hop, giiip nhdn dan co the tham gia co hieu qud vao viee kiem sodt nen kinh te, xa hpi Nhu vay, the che kinh te thi trudng dinh huong Xd hpi ehii nghia la khdi ni?m bao qudt, tong hop cua nhieu !o£ii the che nhimg nuoc dinh hudng din Chu nghia xd hpi thong qua viec thira nhdn vd phdt buy vai tro dilu tilt eiia kinh tl thi trudng day, nhiing mat tich cue cua quy ludt gid tri, quan he hang hda tiin te dupe chii trpng, khuyen khieh, tde dpng den cac boat dpng sdn xuat, kinh doanh vd tl ehuc ddi sing xd hpi Nhung mat tieu cue cua kinh te thi trudng duac chii y gidm thilu Bdo tro xa hpi vd chinh sach an sinh xa hpi dupe nha nude quan tam, ehii y, th\rc hien nhu la nhiing phuang sdch quan trpng, ddm bdo cdc gid tri tu do, cong bdng vd tiin bp xa hpi He tu tudng dan toe chdn chinh dupe de eao sir hda ddng vdi nhiing trao luu tu tudng tien bp QuyIn eon ngudi, quyen t\r quyet ddn toe va quyIn cua nhung nhom xd hoi ylu thi dupe ton trpng He thing chudn muc xa hpi dupe thilt lap tren ed sd nhiing gia t^ tich cue, tien bp eua kinh te thi trudng ciing vdi nhung dinh hudng gid tri mdi ma Chu nghia xa hpi dang hudng tdi Dieu chinh nIn kinh tl, xd hpi bdng kl hoach dupe ket hpp ch|t che vdi su dilu tiet tu nhien cua thi trudng Thi chi kinh tl thi trudng, dinh hudng Xa hpi chu nghia, nhu vay, la tdng hpp eua cac loai thi chi 18 Cdn trd ddi vdi tdng lop nong ddn he thong phdn tdng kinh tl, chinh tri vd vdn hda xd hdi can phai dp d\mg d nhihig nude dang dinh hudng din Chu nghia xa hdi Nhiiitg van dl ve thi che cdng cuoc xay dirng xa hpi nong thon d Viet Nam hien 2.1 Nhiing thay dii thi chixa hgi dl nong thdn Vifl Nam sau Doi m&i Trude Ddi mdi, xa hpi ndng thdn Viet Nam, ea ban van Id xa hpi ndng nghiep Kinh te van ehii yeu Id san xudt nhd, ky thudt thu cdng Co che qudn ly theo md hinh hdnh ehinh, quan lidu, bao edp - kieu td ehiie xd hpi ciia thdi chien tranh CJ cdc lang, xd, du co thiet lap ede loai hpp tdc xa quy md to Idn den ddu, nhimg khdng cd tien bp khoa hpc va ky thuat di kem, nen san xudt van Id nen san xudt nhd, ndng suat thap; ndng thdn van ngheo ndn, lac hau, ca sd tdng yeu kem Ndng dan van la nhdm xa hdi dai dien cho sdn xudt nhd, manh miin, tu h ^ hep, tdm nhin han chd Vi vay, xd hdi ndng thdn ViSt Nam tdn t^i cdc the che xd hdi didn hinh nhu: Thi ehl kinh tl: hanh ehinh - bao cdp; Thi che hdnh ehinh tri: tap trung, quan lieu; The che vdn hda xd hdi: chu nghia tap thi - cdng ddng vdi bdn sdc Idng, xd Viet Tir thue hien ehinh sdch Ddi mdi, xd hdi Viet Nam ehuyin vdo budc ngoat phat trien mdi The che kinh td dd tir hdnh ehinh, bao cdp ehuyin sang kinh tl thi trudng ed sir dieu tiet cua nha nude Quy ludt gia tri vd quan he hdng hda tiin te dupe coi trpng Hieu qud sdn xuat, kinh doanh dupe dl cao Thi ehl chinh tri eung bdt dau thay ddi, ddn chii, phdp quyIn dupe chii trpng thay ddn eho md hinh tap hung, quan Ueu, menh I^nh Thi che vdn hda xa hdi cung ed nhilu thay ddi Bdn c?nh nhOng sdc thdi van hda Vi?t cdn dupe bdo lim, tdn t£io, sv du nhap ciia Idi sdng ngo^ lai 1dm cho ddi sdng vdn hda them da dang, phiic tap He gid tri chdn muc cua cu ddn ndng nghiep d nhieu vung ndng thdn ttuyln thdng bi phd va, hinh thdnh Idi sdng da djng, tu han Dilu dan din hdng lo?t nhung thay ddi vl thi chi vd hp thdng cac ehinh sdch tren pham vi ca nude, nhdt Id d cac vCing ndng thdn Cin phdi ddnh gid lai nhOng dnh hudng tich cue vd tieu evrc cua cac the che ndy ddi vdi ddi sdng xd hdi ndng thdn, gdp phdn dl xudt cdc bien phdp nhdm xay dung ndng thdn nude ta phdt triin ben vimg 2.2 Mpt so vdn Oi vi xay difng va Ihifc hifn cdc thi che liinh ti, chinh tri, f"!" hda xa hpi & nong IhSn Vifl Nam hifn - Mot sd vdn di vi thi chi kinh ti Vdi ndng nghipp, ndng thdn vd ndng dan, tir D6i mdi, s\f thay ddi quan trpng nhat Id thay ddi ve ehl dp chilm hihi vd sir dyng rudng ddt Nlu trudc day, hpp tdc hda ndng nghiep da tach rdi ngudi ndng dan khdi rupng dat, thi nay, rudng dat da dupe tra lai cho ngudi ndng ddn thdng qua viec khoan cho hd gia dinh Dilu ndy dd thvrc sir giai phdng siic sdn xudt, 1dm hieu qud sdn xudt tdng cao Vi?t Nam tir nude nhap khiu luang thvrc da trd thdnh nude xudt khdu gao dung hdng thir hai tren thi gidi Tuy vay, ddy ciing mdi chi Id mpt khdu thay ddi ddu tien vl thi ehl kinh tl Dl dua nIn sdn xudt ndng nghi$p Vi^t Nam len sdn xudt Idn, vuon tdm qudc tl, can phdi cd nhilu thay ddi tilp tue Trude hdt, dd Id viec eho phep tich tu vd tap trung rudng ddt, 1dm cho rupng ddt dupe Do Thien Kinh 19 nhiing ho ehuyen, hp lanh nghi, hd lam dn gioi tich tu, ddu tu vd ehuyin sang sdn xudt Idn Dieu ndy dang dupe thi chi hda, thong qua he tiling luat phdp siia ddi va qua cdc ehinh sdch kinh tl xa hpi eii thi md Nha nude da, dang vd se ban hdnh timg ITnh vue ciing nhu cd qud trinh sdn xuat, ehl biln, bdo quan vd tieu thu san phdm Th\rc te nhimg ndm qua cho thdy, vi?e thu hoi ddt cua n6ng ddn, ngodi den bu chua dii gid tri, nhilu noi khong giup ngudi ddn mdt ddt, mdt tu lieu sdn xudt, dao tao nghi, chuyen nghS, tim kilm viee lam, khiln nhilu ngudi thdt nghi?p, thilu viec lam trd nen ban ciing hoa Theo quy ludt, c6ng nghiep hoa, hifn dai hoa va thi hda se thu hiit, dao tao va sd dung dupe so lao dpng Song d Viet Nam hien nay, cdng nghi?p chua phat triSn dii siie thu hiit bet so lao dpng du thira nong nghiep, nong thdn Dilu dat khdng it vdn de hogch dinh va thuc hien cac dinh chi, chinh sach vl lao dpng, viec 1dm Can co dinh hudng chinh sach su diong hpp ly tijmg bp phdn lao dpng cho moi viing nong thon vd de ke hogch vd ehinh sdch nhdm tao dung mot thi trudng lao dpng hpp ly - ea sd cho viec lap mpt ke hootch khoa hpc, thing nhdt dl dao tao vd su dyng co hieu qua sd lao dpng du thira ndy Trong nhung dieu kien kho khan nhu hien nay, mpt bp phdn lao ddng nong thon dang di chuyen t\r vao cac khu cong nghiep, thi Song khd nhieu so dang trd "cong dan hang hai" thy hudng cdc chinh sdch ve gido due, y tl, nhd d va an sinh xa hpi Day eiing dang la mpt nhirng van de "ndng" qua trinh trien khai, thye hien thS chi kinh tl thi trudng djnh hudng XNCH Ngodi ra, cupc canh tranh gay gat giiia cac nganh, cac ITnh vue nude cimg nhu vdi nude ngodi dang la nhimg thdeh thiic mdi cho nhiing cai each ve the che kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng XHCN nong nghiep nude ta Tir nhieu nam nay, tinh trang dupe miia, rdt gid, dim gia va tdm ly ngudi sdn xudt ehay theo thi trudng gid sdn phdm len, dd khien nhieu nha sdn xudt, kinh doanh ndng nghiep mdt phuong hudng Day cung dang la mpt thdch thuc khong nho doi vdi su phat trien kinh te xa hpi d nong thon ViSt Nam hien - Mot sd vdn de ve the che chinh tri ndng thon Vi?t Nam tir Ddi mdi din nay, h? thing ehinh tri ed hgt nhdn la Dang Cpng sdn Vi^t Nam, Nha nude Cong hda Xa hdi chu nghta Vi?t Nam ed co sd xd hpi la giai cap cong nhdn, nong dan va tdng Idp tri thuc Ddy phdi chdng la the che chinh tri eiia xa h^i xd hpi chii nghia, mpt xa hdi md sir phdt trien kmh te, xa hpi vd chinh tri da dat den trinh dp cao? Thuc tl, tir dii mdi, he thing ehinh tri nude ta ciing duac hoan thien ed Hiln phap vd cdc bp ludt; nhieu dieu khoan cac lu^t dd duac bo sung, phat triin va hodn thi?n Vi thi va vai trd cua cdc chu the h? thing chinh trj dupe xdc dinh ro rdng hon Dan chu dupe md rpng, quyIn ngudi dupe chu y, de cao Trong xa hpi nong thon, vdi nhiing cai each quan trpng ve dat dai, tu lieu sdn xudt, khoan sdn phdm din nhdm va ngudi lao dpng, quyen chiem hiiu va su dung tu li^u san xudt ciia ndng dan dupe tdn trpng Quyen tu chii td chuc, dieu phdi sdn xudt va luu thdng hdng hda 20 Cdn trd ddi vdi tdng lap ndng ddn he thdng phdn tdng dupe dl cao Ddn chd hda ddi sdng xd hdi d ndng thdn dupe md rdng Nhihig dilu ndy khiln xd hpi ndng thdn Vidt Nam dang ehuyin ddng nhanh theo chieu hudng tiSn bd, vdn minh Tuy nhien, cdc cdi each vl thi ehl chinh tri clin dupe tilp tue Trude hit phdi lam rd hon bdn chdt, md hinh, nhihig phuong thiic thuc hien dl tilp tue ddi mdi he thdng ehinh ttj Phdi 1dm rd md hinh thi ehl ehinh tri ma Vidt Nam dang xay dung Id md hinh nao? Kinh tl thi trudng dinh hudng XHCN se dupe thuc hi^n cu thi sao? Hoat ddng cua cac quy luat thi trudng se dupe dilu tilt thi ndo? Dl dan bilt, ddn ban, ddn lam, dan kilm tra, cdn nhimg dilu kien dam bdo ndo? Ai Id chu the de td chirc, thuc hien nhimg hoat dpng dy? Ddy Id nhimg vdn dl thupc thi ehl ehinh tri cdn phdi tilp tue nghien ciiu, lam rd dl ddm bao cac quyen eiia ngudi ddn, ddc biet Id ngudi dan d ede vimg ndng thdn Chinh tri, suy cho cung Id cupc ddu tranh cho Ipi ich CJ ndng thdn Viet Nam hien nay, Ipi ich, d nhilu noi dang dupe phan chia chua cdng bdng Thipt thdi nhieu thupc vl nhirng ngudi ndng ddn can eii, ehan chdt nhdt Dieu ndy nhieu nguyen nhdn, song nguyen nhdn ehii yeu van ngudi dan cdn thieu thdng tin, cdn chua hieu het cdc quyIn cda minh; co che td chiic qudn ly xa hdi cdn nhieu bat cap; ddng thdi ed nhihig ti^u cue xd hpi dang cdn rat nang ne De khde phye, ngoai vipe truydn thdng, giao due, nang cao dan tri, tdng cudng nang luc ndm vd thuc thi quySn cda minh, nha nude cdn khuyin khieh ngudi ndng ddn tich cue, chu dpng tham gia vdo cdc qua trinh qudn ly xd hdi vd kiem sodt hoat ddng qua cdc chu the he thong ehinh tri CJ ddy, vai trd dai di?n eua nhihig ngudi ed uy tin cdng ddng ndng thdn la rdt quan trpng Ddi mdi thi chi chinh tri d ndng thdn phdi ddc biet chii y din vdn dl - Mdt sd vdn de ve the che vdn hda, xd hoi O ndng thdn Viet Nam, loai thi ehl cd nhihig net ddc thu Hch sd su tdn tai cua che dp rudng ddt cdng vd thilt ehl Idng xd Nhimg ylu td gia dinh, ddng toe ed vai tro khdng thi thilu the ehl xd hdi ndng thdn Tir Ddi mdi, nhilu thdnh td ciia thi chi vdn hda, xa hdi d ndng thdn da thay ddi Trude hit, dd la su Idng leo han ciia cpng ddng dudi tdc ddng cua thi trudng, md eua Vdn hda Idng xd tir xa xua dd t?io edt each djc trung eiia cdng ddng Viet dd khdng cdn nguydn vpn nOa Ranh gidi Idng xa da bi kinh te thi trudng vd quan hp hang hda phd vd Tam ly vd tu tudng cda ngudi sdn xudt nhd tieu ndng dd dupe khde phue ddn Cjia dinh ngdy cung biln ddi nhilu Quyen i\f hon nhan dupe tdn trpng Quan m?m v6 tinh ydu, hdn nhdn vd quan he tinh dye da cdi md hon nhilu Chdc ndng kinh tl eua gia dinh dupe de cao Quan he giua cae thi he eiing khdng cdn hodn todn chdt che Nhihig thay ddi da mang din cho xd hpi ndng thdn nhilu ehuyin biln theo ehilu hudng tich cue, de cao quylii eon ngudi, song nd ciing mang lai khdng it phiic tap qud Mnh phat trien Trong sd nay, phai kl din, trudc hit Id nhu cdu va khd ndng cham sdc ngudi cao tudi d ndng thdn Miic dp quan tdm cda cdc thdnh vien thupc gia dinh lai daiig cd chieu hudng suy gidm Nhilu ngudi gia dang thilu noi nuang tva Ndng thdn cdn chung kien su phuc eua cdc ddng tdc day, thiet ehl xS hpi ndy da anh hudng Bo Thien Kinh 21 khong it den h? thong quyen lire xa hpi Ddng toe hien khdng chi hien dien d pham vi lang, xa ma eon md rpng tren pham vi khu vyc, quoc gia Quan ly sy phdt trien cua the che vdn hda xa hpi d ndng thdn khong the khdng chii y den vdn de Kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghTa, rd rdng Id mdt the che xa hpi ddc biet Trong do, phai t ^ dung tdi da mdt tich cue eiia kinh tl thi trudng de phdt trien sdn xudt, tdng nang suat lao d0ng, nang cao ddi sdng ciia cdng dong Song ddng thdi, phai sii dung tdi da cdc chinh sdch xa hdi de dam bdo an sinh xa hpi cho cpng ddng, nhdt Id nhiing nhdm de hi ton thuong, ylu thi Ddy Id vdn dl co tinh nguyen tdc, dinh hudng cho vi?c hodn thien the che, bdo dam cho xa hpi phdt trien ben viing Dieu y6u cdu phai viia tudn thii cdc quy ludt cua thi trudng, vira phai phat huy tdi da vai trd ciia nhd nude va cac chu the he thdng ehinh tri nham phat trien kinh te, xa hdi ben viing thdng qua su dieu tiet cua cdc the che kinh te, chinh tri va vdn hoa xa hdi tren pham vi cd nude cung nhu d ndng thdn Tai lieu tham khao Commons Join R (1862-1945) 1924 "The Legal Foundations of Capitalism" N.Y, McMillan, p.69 Douglass C North (1920) 1988 "Cdc thi ehl, su thay dii thi ehl vd hoat dpng kinh tl" Nxb BChoa hpc xd hpi & Trung tdm nghien curu Bdc My, Hd Ndi, tr 22 Durkheim Emile (1858-1917) 1980 "The Division of Labor in Society", New York, Free Press, va "Cac quy tdc cua phuang phdp xd hpi hpc" (Ban dich Dinh Hong PhOc) Nxb Tri Thiic, HaNoi, 2012 Lange Oskar Ruszard 1936 "Economical Theory of Socialism", Wasava Taylor Fred M 1929 "The Guidance of Production in a Socialist State", American Economic Review, No 19(1), p.l8; Veblen Thorstein (1857-1929) 1898 "Why is Economics not an Revolutionary Science?" Quarterly Journal of Economics Vol.12 A4 pp 373-397 ... the che eua xa hdi ddy, co sd tdng kinh te ndo ed the che kinh te phii hop loai dd Vi du, kinh tl kl hoach hda tap trung cd the che kinh te hdnh chinh, bao cap Kinh te thi trudng ed thi ehl thi... Thi che kinh titlii Iruc/ng dinh Im&ngxa hoi chii nghia Kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hdi chu nghia la ten gpi cua mpt kilu td chute, qudn ly nen kinh td xa hpi dupe Dang Cdng sdn Vipt Nam dl... sau Cdch mang Thdng Mudi (1920-1924) Trong dd, nen kinh tl ed sv dan xen, hon hop ciia cdc thdnh phdn kinh tl: Nha nude, Tjp thi vd kmh tl Tu ban tu nhdn Trong bdi cdnh ndy, nha nude cho phep