Giáo dục nhân văn ở việt nam xưa và nay

19 GIAO Dye NHAN VAN VIET NAM XUA VA NAY Nguygn Ngoc Tho' nhJ^nJT "^ ' ^ "*"" "^^ '^ '""^ ^^ '^" '^"' '^'^ **' "^ '^"9 hdn tai vi giio dgc T^.^TZ^'^"'^'^'''^'''^'^'^^^"^"^^'!^" coda dinh Sid khuyin '^c,ldujyinta,.^ydcythifchg duang thai lim khudn ndu Cho giao due nhin dd, Aising 9thueiy '^^"^^tamn,ifcngudidinVdtNam,phinnaoquy^,nhninnhinthuccondu^vuondntJg T .!^ "'^" '^ "^ "'• ""^ "''^"' '^^'^'^xa ldi Nam Bd, mic du hoan dnh ^'^^^nyt^-^ndtningiaodgcnhinvinkinhddnvdihaitrgdtdinhlinhindddgodZvi ^^"'^'^aiupnu^.tythdiddmxahdihdndgivdinhdubdndSitodndamgimitddisingxa ^t'Tj^:'J^f''*^'^''^"'''°'^'^"^^"f^hgpvihdu^ ffr^"I !rTlr'^''^'^'^''''^'"^*^'*"'^>^'''^'«^*^'''*-^"-^ «>-^'' ZTm^T:T^a° T " * ' "'" ""^ ^ ^ '^'^ '^'^"'^•'^ "^"9 vi ma dd (Hfc bao trum ba '^r'^^'^^^'^-O-BiivdlniyditirgdeddlidsuvinhdningiiodgcVdtNamdiphintlddie ^llTjZ^^"''T*''"'''"^"''''"^-""'"^'^'""^^"^"9lPcdithioluin ">^"h&nl&dthitdcddngdinquitrinhxiyd,fngningidodgcV4INamhdndgivihiduqd Tir khda: Giio dgc, nhin vin tniyin thing, hiu hdn dgi, bdn dii Khuyen hpc Vi|t Nam truyen thing Kfi tu Nho giio du nh|p vio thdi diu Cong nguyfin tfii nin hpc vin tfieo Nho hpc (bing chii Hin) cung bfin re d Vifit Nara Khdi diu eda Nho hpc Vigt Nam li sy ddng gdp cua mpt sd quan cai tti nguoi Hin nhu Tfch Quang, Nhfim Dign, Sy Nhilp, ttong dd die bigt li Sy Nhilp Sy Nhilp "lip ghfiptfnhtfiin 1.1 Tnrdc Nho giio din, ngudi Vifit Hin bpe viottDngco tfil Vifit" vi vl tfil tic Nam xua timg ed hg tfiing chu vilt khoa diu gia Trin Vin Dokn (2) cho ring dng khdi diu vdi so lupng chii viet cd h?n vi chua tfi|t s\f cho phong tt-io "Viet Nho" ttong ljch su giio dye Vifit Nam Din dfiy tfil vin hda ttuyin khoa bpe (vf dy bai di Sapa (I), nunhttifitdan tfldng d Vigt Nam dupe bl sung eic tti tfiuc gian kinh nghifim song vi san xuit ehu yfiu cd dign Nho hpc (rpng ban li Hin hpc) dupe ttuyin bi bing migng (kl ca tfieo khdng ddng gdp, gdp phin tfiue dfiy ddng vin hda co gian va tfiai gian) TTieo dd, ttuyin tiiuylt kl difin dupe hfi tfidng hda hoin ehinh vi phit ring dng td n ^ d?y hpc o Vifit Nam xua li ttifin Nfiu nhu ngudi Trilu Tifin ty nh|n quoc rapt ddi vp chong tiidi Hdng Vuong, da sdm gia minh la -tifiu Trung Hoa" tfii si tti Vifit md ttudng d?y hpc,ttuyentiiuminhttifit,kinh Nam ludn ttr hio li qudc gia "vd tin Trune nghifim din gian cho cdng chiing Hoa/3EJft4'i^" Tung mfinh danh la "vin biln chi bang Xi^:t.W, "hifiu lie quoe/#fZ,H", Vifit Nam xua vi lufin tvr hio vdi uuyln tiling hilu bpe Tniyin tfiong iy da di cdng ljch sii dfin tpc hom 2.000 nim qua, gdp phin hun ddc nfin bin sic vin hoi Vifit Nam • TS Oai hgc Khoa hpc X i hdi v i NhSn van O^i hpc Qufic gta thinh phd Hd Chi Minh Ngudi Vifit Nam rit eoi ttpng giio dye loi sdng xa hpi Ifiy hfi tfiing giio due Nho hpc lim 20 (12) - 2014: NGHIEN CCfU VAN H A thufic eda sir hii hoi cic mdi quan hg chd danh si vT dai nhu Nguyen Trai, Lucmg Thi d^o Trong cic thinh phin dan cu ca ban xua, si Vinh, Nguyfin Binh Khifim Nguyen Du, Ngfi ludn diing diu danh sich, sau dgn mdi li nong, Si Lifin v.v cdng vi thuong "Nhat si nhi ndng, hit g^o ch^y Theo dd, nin tang hilu hpc da la rapt rdng, nhit ndng nhi sf, kfi si timg dupc hifiu li phfin di san van hoi, li mpt phin cua cdt cich nhiingroauhinh cda xa hpi, a hp ngudi ta tim ngucri Vigt Nam Nhu mpt minh ehumg, thfiy diy du eic diic tinh cfin cd cua mpt cong theo L.g Qu^ Ddn, ky thi Huong nim dfin gucmg mau:ttung-hilu-le-nglua-trf-tuiv.v 1462, trin Son Nam (ni$t ttin nhd d nam Cd hai d^ng tfiuc Nho si tmyln thing, Nho si Thing Long) da ed hon 4.000 si ni dvrtfii,cdn ndngtfidnvi Nho si tii tti a dd thj, so dd ttxing eic ky thi Huong tfidi Lfi, ci Bic BO Nho si tii nr ed khuynh hudng pb&ttifinty Vigt Nam cd dgn mfiy v ^ ngudi dy tfii ttong nh|ntfiiicvi sing tie (3) Nhung so niy cho thiy nin giio dvic Nho Song hinh cdng chfnh sich "giao hoi hpc tu chuong rit dupc eoi trpng, nd len Idi tfiifin h?i" bing tfii thu le nh?c li chl dp dio vio t|n tiing ling xa c6 kfnh t?o nhfin tii vi chl dO khoa cir Chfnh tt'nh Thdi ki tii dpc l|p (till ky X), ddng Nho ning dio t^o ngirdi qufin tii, Nho giio dip ung hpc tilp tyc chay ttong co till vin hda D{u nhu ciu cung cfip nhfin si, thfin sT gdp phfin tham gia quin \f nhi nudc vi chin giio Vifit, ding tfldi chuyen tii giai do?mtfiydfing dye nudc nhi Vdi tu cieh li mpt hpc tfiuylt sang giai do?m chd dpng Nin hpc van lue biy xi hpi chuyfin dio t?o ngudi tid, Nho gia vi gid hoin toin ngudi Vifit lim chu Kl tii sau li Nho giio hudng din in$t nin giio dye nam 1075, nhi nude md khoa thi vi tu thdi Trin ttd di, cie khoa tfii tta nfin diu d|n Xuit ehfnh thong vdi cie uu dilm ndi trpi sau (4): phit tii d|e tiung ti'nh dfin chu ndng thfin cua - Phuong phip doi thoji giira thiy vi trd van hda bin dja, ciing cd quyen di hpc vi (phuong phip Socrate) nhim nfing eao d^t lira quan ning sing t?o vi tu dpc l|p cda ttd; Song xfit ve ban chit, npi dung dio t ^ - Phuong phiptfiyeil, nhd v|ytt-inhdupc tfieo Nho hpc ttong suot Ijch su giio dye Vifit tinhtt^mghpc khdng di ddi vdi hinh; Nam tfldi phong kiln li Nho hpc tti chuong Phuang phip de cao kha ning tvr cich (Nho hpc khoa eu) Nho si Vifit Nam xua hpc tfin, tim tdittitfiiirevi ning Iim vifie dfic Tli thu - Ngu kinh chd yeu la dl lim quan, ehi mpt VM danh Nho radi tfiyc svr chuyfin tfim l|p cda ngudi hpc nghifin cdu vi bl khuylt cho bpe tfiuylt Nho Tii thdi Tran trd di, vifie chuan hda, quy ed gia hole biln tiu vi v|n dyng cho phd hpp hda vigc bpe hinh, tfii eu tfieo Nho giio da vdi tfnh hinh Vigt Nam Trong suit thdi Lfi dupc tfiyc hifin ttifit dfi vi ed hfi tfidng Vio (1428-1527) to chiie 26 khoa tfii dupe: 989 nim 1247, nhi Trfin dit danh hifiu Tam khdi tiln St, 20 ti^ng nguygn;rifingtiidiLfi Thinh (ttJ tii eu nhfin, tiln sy) Tir nim 1422 ttd di, Tdng (1460-1497) edttSri12 khoatfii,501 tiln cii ba nim ttilu dinh md mpt khoa tfii Rifing SI, tt^g nguyen; edn nhi M?c (1527-1592), tfldi nhi Mac (] '527-1592) da cd din 22 lin tflicoi Nho giio li co sd cho mpi how dpng ttong 65 nim Din nhi Nguyrai, no lyc chin chfnh tti, ttong 65 nim di to chiic din 22 lin giio dye chju nhifiu ip lyc cua Tfiy bpe, tiii (5), cd nghia li cd chtaig iy vj tiln sy vi hinh tfiuc khoa cii chi tfiyc sif chim diit d d?t song khfing miy aitfivrcsvt di sfiu nghifin Vifit Nam vio tfilp ni&i 1920 Nin giio dye cuu Nho hpc nghia \f Phii ching tfiye tiln Nho hpc da dng hien cho nudc nhi nhilu Vi^ Nam tfidi biy gid kb&ig can din Nho i Giio dyic nhan van Vift Nam 21 hpc nghia IJ? Phii chang ttuyin th^g van Dgi hpc (MO Trung hda ndng nghi^ dan gian quan tfim nhifiu ban ddng j cap nghe i m|t ung dvmg cua minh trilt ttirc tilp vio san xuat hon li nfing nd thinh mpt ddng trifit hpc Trung binh 10 cd hfi thing? Hay vi ngudi ndng dan Vigt thggidi Nara von cd tu tdng hpp, tfiilu de phfin Viet Nara 0,94 I 1,3 ti'eh sfiu sic ngn Nho hpc nghia ly khdng phai li ttpng tam quan sit? Theo chung tdi, ca ba (Nguin: Cgc Thing ki, 2010) digu niy diu phin inh dung thyc tl Ben canh Nho giio, I>h|t giio vi D?o giio Tuy v|y, ttong Ijeh su Nho bpe Vigt Nam truygntfiongcung gdp phin dio t^o nhfin tii cung cd nhigu nhi Nho noi danh vdi eic cdng vi ren luyfin nhfin cich sdng, cdng vdi Nho tiinh vi thinh tvm nghign eiru Nho hpc nghia giao tao thinh the chdn vac he thing tu \f cda minh Tiong si iy phii kl den Lfi (Juy tudng - ttifit bpe nhfin sinh Vigt Nam truyen Ddn (1726-1783), Ngd Thi Nh|m (1746- tfiong Dfc bifit Ii vio cie thdi ky L^ - Trfin, 1803), Nguyen Huy Cinh (1713-1798), vin hoi dan gian ngudi Vifit dupc phyc Nguyen Du (1765-1820) v.v , cic vj ludn li ciing Ii luc minh triet dfin gian him ehiia nhdng nhi md phamtifiubieu cho eic thi hg nhilu gii ui trifit hpc Ph|t giio nhu nh|n thiic vfi nhfin sinh, nh|n thiie vl vu trvi, Gidi - Djnh tii thirc nudc nhi Tufi, giio dye my hpc v.v Truyin tfiong cin luu f ring, ngudi Vifit Nam cd tiidi Hi|t giio Vigt Nam khong chi phi biln bing quen tilp nh|n Nho giio vi tii^c tiii ehe dp b?c ttong dan gian mi cdn cd tic dpng nhit dio t?o vi tuyfin dyng nhfin tii theo khuynh djnh den ting ldp cung dinh vi qu^ tpc Nhi hudng thifc ti ehu ylu nhim dip ung nhu Lyttiyl|p Van mieu nim 1070 nhung vua Lj? eau dio t^o nhfin tii gidp nude Thfim vio Nhan Tdng ma khoatfiiTam ttudng vio nim dd, chl dp khoa eutiiuintii$d Vigt Nara xua 1075 giiia tri tfuic Ph|t, Nho, D ^ dfi kfin da phan dio t?o nhimg ngudi bpe kinh difin ngudi Minh kinh bdc hpc Vio cic nim 1086, chi dfi lim quan, nguoi hpc khdng th|t sy cin 1152(?), 1165 vi 1193 diu ed nhirng ky thi ttrong tv Chfnh quyln phong kiln dl eao Ph|t thiet suy lu|n nhieu vfi nghia Iy, trilt bpe giio vi chip nh|n Nho giio dilu kifin him ehiia bfin kinh sich Dilu niy de dung hoi vdi Ph|t giio vi D?u} giio Trong dan dfin tinh gido diiu nh|n thuc vi nhifiutfldiki Ijch su Phat giio gdp phin to Idn hinh vi, phan nio ttdi bu^c tu sing t^io dio t?io nhfin tii vi chin humg xa hpi, ed eda gidi txi nfiu nhu ta khfing cd cich tfiuc difiu hg tu tirdmg Phfit giio nhilu phin tfiifin dilu ehinh kjp thdi vi hpp \f Hfi qua eda xu vfi ddi sdng tam Unh, xuit thi, ttong m$t hudng niy hifin vln cdn tfil hifin ro nfit xi hpi hoan chinh cin nr tudngtfifitti.() rapt titmg giio dye Vifit Nam hifin d^i d khuynh khia canh khie, giio dye Ph|t giio Vifit Nam hudng dio t^o nhieu thiy hem thp, bifit ndi suit cietfldidai Ijeh su Vifit Nam da d^t dupe nhung It biet lim, li xu hudng bilt r|p khudn nhifiu thinh tim quan trpng, vua t^o nhifiu nhung it bifit suy lu|n, sing t?o Bfin c^nb dd tritfiirecd feh cho xa hpi vira gdp phin djnh li xu hudng ttpng bing cip hon tfiuc lye mi hinh nhan cich vi trifit 1^ sing ciia ngudi hg qua cua nd cd till vupt qua mpi chilu kfch Vigt Vdi chd ttuong xoi "vd nunh", Ph|t eua khdng gian vi tfidi gian Dudi dfiy li giao da gdp phfin nfing eao hilu bilt vl nhfin bang so sinh ty lfi cic cip dio tao d Vigt sinh, nang eao nh|n tfiue dc mli quan hfi xi hpi truyfin tfidng Trong sd nhung Nam sau b|c phd thdng: 22 ddng gdp CO bin cua Ph|t gjio dli vdi giio dye, khdngtfifikhdng kl Thiin tdng Ph|t giio Thiin tdng ehu tnrong "d?i nghi d^i ngp, tilu ngiiitifiungp, bat nghi bfit ng$" (tfiiln su B^ch An), moi ci nhan hay tvr d|t vfin dl, ty thfin trai nghigm, tim kilm chfin 1^ dl "ng$" Thiin tdng Vigt Nam chju inh hudmg cda ddng Nam Thien Trung Hoa nhung hoin toin ed ban sacrifing,vi v|y nhiing ddng gdp cda Thien giio dye tu li rit ldm Vua Trin Nhfin Tdng sau nhudng ngdi cho ttai cda minh li Trfin Anh Tdng da Ifin ndi Yfin Td l|p Thiin phii Tnic Lfim (nim 1299)tichcvrc khuyin khfeh cdng chiing chd tfim rfin luygn tu duy, dupc ngudi ddi tdn xung thinh Ph|t hoing Vifit Nam Due Ph|t hoing thudng xuyfin "xuit son" dl tilp xde, truyin tfiy nguyfin If Thiin cho cdng chdng, rit dupc ddng dio cie ting ldp nhfin dfin ngudng vpng Trf tfidc Vift Nam xua eoi bii tfia Thiin sau dfiy li mpt khudn mlu cda phit ttilnttlduy: Tay khdng bio cdm cude, Di bp bdo cudi trdu; Nguoi di a trin cdu, cdu trdi nudc khdng trdi D90 giio, li mpt ttong tfil chfin v^ic nin ting nr tudng ttuyin thong, song chd ylu bl sung tfil cfin bingttxmgttrtirdng Nho sT Tu ttrdng "khdng ttpng hiin tii dl tfiifin h9 khdng ttanh" cda Lio Tu hiu nhu khdng tin t?i vin hoi Vigt Nam Do v|y, Djio giio Vigt Nam cdng cd nhihig ddng gdp nhit djnh ttong giio dye nhfin tii vi chin djo ddc xi h$i Nhilu tti tfuic tiii danh nhu NguySn Trii, Chu Vin An, Nguyin Binh Khifim, Nguyin Khuyin, Nguyin Cdng Tni v.v diu am hilu tiilt hpc D90 gia, chd ttirong cu§c sing via chd ttpng "tti nic, tifn tiic, dii nic, hitfidinic" vira dl eao "tii nhin, tifin nhin, dii nhin, hitfidinhin" 1.2 Khuyin hpc » Nam B$: Nam B0 li vdng dit mdi vdi ngudi Vift, li sv kfio dii cda 2(12)-2014:NGHlgNCI>U VAN H6A % van hofi Vift Nam, dd c6 ttuyin thing khuyin hpc Din Nam Bp, nhilu thilt chl vin hoi giio dye truyin thing cda ngudi Vift khdng cdn giii nguyfin nhu hii edn d cl huong Trjnh Hoii DdcttxingGia Dinh thdnh thdng chtvik: "Khi mdi bit diu khaitfiic,dit Djnh Tudmg nhilu diu moitilingtfiudcvi d ngoii Phifin An vi Phifin Trin xa xim hilm trd Hp dupc ty lim fin, muln d dfiutfild, muon khai khin chl nio tdy f, khdng tfil liy lu|t phip ring buOc dupc" Nhilu ling khdng ed huang ude, tiiin pha, ttiin tfch "Rit nhilu ling khdng cd huang udtc, ciing khdng cd tfiin tfch, thin phi Sic tfiin vua phong cho ling cung chi ghi m$t khii nifim chung chung "Thin ling bin cinh" vdi vii mj tii "quing h|u, ehfnh tnfc, ddn nghi" (rOng rai, tiling, diy d|n), dd dd li sic phong dudi tiidi Thifiu Trj hay Tvi Diic Dfin ling ndi chung khdng bj nhflng quy ude, nhiing If ling ring buOc cfiu tfldc ch|t ehfi nhu d BSc vi Trung" (6) Tyc Aid tfiin tiiinh hoing tfieo tiuyin tfiing Bic B$ da ehuyin tfiinh tyctfidtfiinh hoing bin cinh chung chung T^ Tfiy Nam Bp, bdng ding cua nhiing luy tte diy d|e gdi ch|t si mfnh dfin cu ttxing khudn vifin ling Bic B$ khdng cdn nfta, mitfiayvio d6 li eic byiti:e,hingteettfinbii bli, bd bao, dudng dfi tvra nhu nhumg vit tfch cdn sdt Iju ttfin budc dudmg v^m dim eda bao Idtp luu dfin Bin vl tfnh cich dfin Nam BO ndi chung, Leopold Pallu ttong Historie de L'expedition de Cochichine en 1861 (1864) vilt: "dfin Nam KJ- khdng muln di nude ngoii Iim in nhung ttong nudc hp di chuyin din m|t vdng khic rit dS ding" "Khi ngudi ta lim cho hp sd, thi hp di" "Tji Nam Ky, mOt ling cd till tan ri ttong tay anh vdi tic d | nhanh nhu Idc nd hfii ty l(ii " Tic gii Ngd Ddc Thjnh (7) tfil nh|n djnh: "d Nam BO, ling xdm cdng nhu co ciu x3 hOi nai thdn di cQng khdng liy gl lim bin chic vi eh|t cbfi, cOt ch|t ngudi ndng dfin d lfii vdi qufi cha dit tl" .GI6o dMc nhan van » Vl#t Nam., Tic gii Huynh Liia vilt "vdi nl nip sinh boat ed tl ehiic vln dattdrtfiinhtruyin tfiing d noi qufi huong ban quin, vdi die ttung chung li f thuc cOng ding,ttrongtiifinttrong ii, nhung luu dfin dit chan vio viing dit mdi da nhinh chdng kit tfiinh chdm xdm dl dvta vio lim an sinh song, ddm bpe gidp dd ttong Ide khd khan, doin kit cdng ching 1^ tfid dii cdng nhu bpn ttpm cudp, eudmg hio ic bi" (8) Trfin tfiyc tl, nhilu tic gii ttudc dfiy tiing ngO nh|n ring dit Nam Bp xua khdng cd nen Nho hpc hay mOt kilu hpc phong ttuyin tiling 70 nim ttudc, tic gia Ng?u; Xuyfin Ca Vin Thfah (9-1943) di hoin ttiin xoi tan svr ^ H " * ? " iy bing ldi khing djnh hpc phong ~ 'ng Nai v6 cdng sfiu sic (9) 23 Um gia, gom Le (Jtiang Djnh, Trjnh Hoii Diic vi Ngo Nhan Tjnh, ca ba diu cd nhiing ddng gdp quan trpng dfi khing dinh nin hpc phong Nam Bp Sang cuoi tfil ky XDC, hing lo?t danh nhan khic xuit hifin, dd phfii kl dfin nhi van hoi hpc - ng&i ngii hpc Huynh Tjnh Cua (1834-1907), nhi bic hpc Truong Vinh K5r (1837-1898), nhi tfio yfiu nudc Nguyin EHnh Chilu (1822-1888) v.v Tfnh tti Idc ngudi Vift vio khai phi dit Nam Bp vio tfil ky XVH, Sii (jdnti-dtfiinh mOt thuong cang Ion khu vvre Ddng Nam A Nhd v|y, qui trtnh giao luu tilp biln vdi van hda phuong Tfiy t^ dfiy da diln rit m?nh me vi ttjin difn Thdi Phip tfiuOc (1858-1945), Nam BO trdttfiinhmpttfiuOcdja difin hinh cda Phip (Cochin-China), ngudi Ph^ da mang sang vdng dit niy tit ci cie till chl vi tfiilt chl van hda - xS hOi cda hp, vi non mOt tfil ky giao luu vin hda Phip, ngudi Nam BO dfi cd mOt cii nhin da difn han vl cuOc sing, cie mli quan hf nhfin sinh vi xi bfi dt tim quoc tl Trong suit qui ttinh tin t?i eda mhih, vin hda Nam Bf ludn di diu ttong vifc giao luu vi tilp biln vdi vin hda phuang Tfiy vi bang cich dd da ddng gdp rit nhilu cho vifc hifn d?i hda vin hda truyin tiling Vift Nam (giao tfidng hifn d?u, kiln ttdc dd tfij, bio chf - vSn xu6i quic ngii,ttuyintfianh - ttuyin hinh, kinh tl hing hda, nghi budn v.v diu hinhtfiinhfirNam Bp sau dd mdi lan tda la ci nudc) (10) Ndi vl sv hio hoa cda dit Bin Nghfi - Sii (Jdn, ca dao Tfiy Nam BOttingmOttfidicd cfiu: Nim 1715, Nguyin Phan Long vi Ph^un Diic Khinh l|p Vin milu Trin Bifin dl t»o dyng nin ting nghifp hpc xir Ding Nai Tilp tiieo sau dd, nim 1826, nhi Nguyin cho l|p Vin milu Sii G6n (nay d khu vvre Vin Thinh, qu|n Binh Th?nh), rli vio eic nim 18661867 ba tmh miln Ddng bj Phip chilm ddng, cM sT miln Ddng ch?iy vl miln Tfiy lip Vin milu VTnh Long (Phan Thanh Giin, Nguyin ThOng l|p) Trong si iy, cfiu chuyfn Vin milu Vmh Long vdi ljch sd t^o dvmg vi tti rit dupc gidi hpc gii quan tfim Nim 1867, Phip chilm Vinh Long, vi liy cd liy gl xfiy dinh Tham bifn, tfiyc dfin Phip ddi phi bd Vin milu Bi bf Truong Ngpc Lang da bd tiln cda di xin giii 1^ Vin milu Cfic svr kifin niy cho tfiiy, dit Ding Nai xua sdm f Doi doi theo anh vi nai Ben Thdnh xem tfldc dupe tim quan tipng cda hpc nghifp dli nam nu ti; vdi qui ninh phong hoi vdng dit mdi niy chi xu ndy vupn hu chim kiu Nhd vio nin ting Nho hpc dupc xfiy dvmg Cdng vdi vimg Dbag Nai, dit Thd, Bin sdm vi sfiu rOng tc Khung md hinh gido dgc dgo diic nhdn vdn d thiiu nien Singapore Ciing giong nhu Singapore, Vigt Nara cin thue dfiy tuyfin trayen cflng dong vl vai tt-d cda gia dinh, xa hfli ttong giio dye d?io due, loi song vi hinh vi cda cflng dan, mflt quan nigm mi le nd phii ton t^ ben vung ttong xa hfli tti xa xua mdi phai Giio dye d nhi ttirdng li rapt h?t mim, nd chi nd ttong mfli ttudng gia dinh vi ttudng tfiinh ttxmg mfii ttudng xa hfli Svr tt'ch hpp vai tt-d cda ei ba lo?u mfli ttudng niy hoin hio din dfiu tfil chit lupng cdng dan dupc nfing cao din dd Kit lu|n Dio t?o ngudi tii due dl phvuig svr t l quflc ludn li n:ieh nhigm hing diu eua giio dye moi quic gia Qua nim tfiing, diu tfidi cuflc cd tfiay ddi, tii vi due a Vifit Nara lufln li "khufln ving tfiudc ngpc" eho mflt xa hfli dijnh ttj giup dim bio cho sy tiln bp xa hfli Vigt Nam phong kiln Ii mflt quflc gia Nho giio hifiu hpc, ttpng hifin tii, du ring ttuyin tfldng khuyin hpc iy chua tfi|t sy raang tt'nh toin dign Nfin tang hilu hpc, tfiupng biln vupt qua tfldi gian vi khdng gian, hifin difin td Bie ehi Nam, tfil hign chilu sau ttr hudng (Lee Chuck Yin 2013) thupng vi bin ITnh vin hoi cda ngudi Vift Nam Thdi hifn d?u dudi tie dflng cua thdi cuflc, svr nghifip khuyin hpc khuyen tii phai b l khuylt \f lu|n v i cfich tilp c|n nhim dfim bao myc tifiu dio t?o vi sir dvmg nhung eon ngudi Vifit Nam vira tii due vf n toin vda tien kjp vdi thi gidi./ N.N.T Trin Ngpc Thfim (2004): Tim vi bdn sic van hda Vift Nam, Nxb Tp Hi Chf Minh; vanhoahoc.edu Tran Vin Doin (2002): 'The ideological essence of Vietnamese Confiicianism" (Bdn chdt tu nrdng aia Nho gido Vift Nam), Confucianism in Vietnam, VNU-HCMC Publishing House, tr.82-88 Xem thfim Phan Vin Cic (1993), "Nghifin ciiu Nho giio Vifit Nam ttong boi canh khu vyc vi thdi dai", Tjp chi Triit hpc, si Trjnh Doan CWnh (2002): "ConfiKian philosophy of education - training, its significance in contemporary Vietnamese education" (Triit ly gido dtfc - ddo tgo vd f nghta cia rui nin gido dyic Vift Nam duang dgi), Confiicianism in Vietnam, VNU-HCMC Publishing House, tt,44-45 Nguyin Dire Sy: "Miy v4n dl Nho giio d Vifit Nam till ky XVIII" Giao dMc nhan van v Vift Nam http://www.vienttietfioc.com vn/?vienttiet=articles 16 WWtehead, A.N (2010): Nhiing mgc tieu _deltails&id=403&cat=48&pcat= aia gido dgc Nxb Thdi dai vi Dai hpc Hoa Sen T? Ngpc Uin (2007): "Nho giio Vifit Nam d 17 Luu Hifiu Phong (2011): "Khoa hpc xa hpi the ky XV dau till ky XVT, d Dai hpc Thanh Hoattxingthdi dai toin ciu hoi", http://dongtac.net/spip.php? Khoa hpc xd hgi thdi hdi nhdp Nxb Dai hpc Quoc Thach Hmong, Ho Le, Huynh Lira, Nguyin gia Tp Hfi CW Minh, tt 27-34 Quang Vinh (1992): Vdn hda dan gian ngudi Vift 18 Luu Hifiu Phong (2011), bdd, tt 30 dNam Bp, Nxb KHXH, Hi Npi, tt 55 19 Co Binh Lim: "Giio dye nhan van vi boi Ngo Diic Thjnh (2004), Van hod vOng vd phdn vimg vdn hod a Vift Nam Nxb Tre, Tp H6 dudng nhan tai d cic trudng d?i hpc hing diu the gidi", Hpc bdo Dgi hgc Thanh Hoa (ban Trifit hpc CW Minh, tt 277 vi KHXH), Id nam 2001, tt 32 ^ Huynh Liia (1987): l^ch sir khai phd viing Tai Hfu tham khio dat Nam Bp, Nxb TP.HCM, tt 38 Nguyen Cong Binh, Le Xuin Difim, M?c Phan Manh HUng (2013): "Van Thinh mifiu Vinh Long", Khoa hpc Xa hpi vd Nhdn vdn sd 49 Dudng (1990): Vdn hod vdcuddn ddng bdng song Cdu Long - H.: Nxb KHXH tt 29 10 Trin Ngpc Them (2009), •Qii uj vi sy Vu Khieu (1997):/VAo gido vap/id; men (T chuyen dfii hfi gii uj vin hoi ttuyen tfldng", Ky Vift Nam, Nxb Khoa hpc Xa hpi ^ ^ Hpi thao Bdo ton vd phdt huy cdc gid tn vdn Lee Chuck Yin (2013): "Giio dye djo due d hda truyin thdng Vift Nam qud trinh ddi mdi bae phfi tfldng ming hpc - difin cuu ttudng hpp vd hgi nhgp (De tii KX 03.14/06-10 ttiupc Singapore", Tuyen lgp hign vdn Dgi hgi Nho gido Chuotng ttinh KX.03/06-10) tfi chue ngiy 17- The gidi idn 4-2012 (Gii Loi Loi, Duong Trieu Minh 18/9/2009 t?i Bifin Hda (Dong Nai) chu bifin), Nxb Van hofi Nghfittiuat,Bic Kinh 11 Choi Byung Wook (2011), Viing ddt Nam Vtan Ngpc (2001): Bdn sic vdn hda Vift Bp dudi trieu Minh Mgng (Hoing Anh Tuin djch) Nam, Nxb Vin hpc Nxb The gidi Son Nam (2005): Ndi vi mien Nam vd cd 12 Lfi Ngpc Thu^: "Budc tfiing trim cua tinh miin Nam, Nxb Tre ttuyfin Tiu tioog ddi song vin hoi Nam Bgtfieki Nguyen Hihi Son (2012): "Giio dye Ph|t XX", khoavanhoc-ngonngu.edu.vn giiotfldiL# - Tran dfing hinh ciuig din t§c", Vifin 13 XemtfifimLe Ngpc Thiiy, bdd 14 Fukuzawa Yukichi (2008): Khuyin hpc Vin hpc, http://www.daophamgaynay.com Nxb Tri tfiirc Thdi Hin Vin (2011): "Hi Hifin Chuang: 15 Nguyin Thanh Thuy (2013): "L^ thuyfit Thanh Hoa cin phai ttioit khdi tfidi d^ "mfit nira giio dye Wfin dai ttfin tfie gidi", Doi mdi phuang cua cWnh minh", Quan sdt Xa hpi, ki 4:48 phi^ gidng dtfy cdc mdn KHXH nhd truang Vifin Khoa hpc Xa hfii Tp Ho CW Minh thing tinh Dong Thdp Tinh uy-UBND tinh (1990): Vdn hda vd cu ddn ddng bang song Cuu Ding Thip, 1-11-2013 Long, Nxb KHXH Nguyfin Ngpc Thor: Educating human lieing of Vietnam from past to present It is said that Vietnam is country of culture and civilization as well as respecting talent and righteous person Through the Vietnam's period history, the state has policies lor study encouragement usino temporary ideology for the frame of character education and life styte In the seventeenth and eighteenth century, Vietnamese always aware of classical human education with two main subjects: moral character and training talent tor defending our country In changing of our society, it is buiWing an human education ' ^ J ! ! ^ ™ " ' ^ ' ' * " ' ' ^ ^ ° ' *'"^^" «™**°"^ ^