ý nghĩa của thuyết tương tác biểu trưng trong nghiên cứu vai trò phụ nữ và phát triển kinh tế hộ gia đình

Y NGHIA CUA THUYET TU'ONG TAC BIEU TRUTVG TRONG NGHIEN CUU VAI TRO PHU NU* VA PHAT TRIEN KINH TE HO GIA DINH NGUYEN H N G LINH '*' Tdm tat: Cd rat nhieu ly thuyit xd kdi kgc dUdc van dung qud trink nghiin cdu cdc vin di xd kdi Mdt cdc ly thuyit Id "Thuyet TUcfng tdc biiu triing Bdy Id chu di dUqc nkiiu nhd nghiin cdu khoa hgc xd kgi de cap tdi vdi rdt nhiiu hUdng tiip can, d nhiiu goc dd kkdc Bdi viit t&p trung tim hii'u ngi dung vd y nghia cda "Thuyet TUdng tdc bieu trUng" tiip can nghiin cdu vi vai trd cua phu nS pkdt trien kinh te kg gia dink tgi Ba Vi HdNdi Tic khda: Tkuyit TUdng tdc bieu trUng; vai trb phu nU; phdt triin kinh tihg gia dinh; Ba Vi, Hd Ngi Abstract: Symbolic interaction theory is among many theories applied by sociologists to look at social issues Tkis article discussed how symbolic interaction theory views the women and their role in the development of family economy in Ba Vi district, Hanoi Keywords: Symbolic interaction theory; family economy development; Ba Vi district Ngdy nhgn bdi: 14/3/2017;Ngdy sda bdi: 12/4/2017; Ngdy duyit ddng bdi: 17/6/2017 thu Do vfiy, phu nfl eung 1ft dfii tfldng dl hi tdn thfldng xa bfii'^ Cd nMeu each tifi'p can khfie kM nghifin cflu ve sfl thara gia cua phu nfl qua trinh phat triln, diln hinh nhfl cae each tilp efin "Phu nfl sfl phftt triln" (WID) vdi vific nhan manh quan diera cho rfing cftc qua trinh phftt trien se dflde tiln hftnh tdt hdn rdt nhilu nlu nhfl ed sfl thara gia day du eiia phu nfl vfto quft Vift Nara, khoang 66,9% dftn s i sd'ng trinh dd; each tilp can "Gidi vfi sfl phftt d nflng thon, 69,3% lflc Ifldng lao dflng d triln" (GAD) vdi vifc chu trpng cftc quan khu vfle ndng thfln, phu nfl ehifi'm 50,7% hf gidi dl eae bifin phfip dl giup hp dftn so" vfi 48,7% lflc Ifldng lao dfing xa hdi'" Cung nhfl nhilu ndi trfin the gidi, " NCS khoa Xa hoi hoc, Tnfctog D^ hoc Khoa hoc xa phu nfl Vift Nam cMlm sd ddng hdi vft Nhan vftn, Hft Noi; Giang vifin khoa Cfing tac xa hfii, TrUclng Dgi hgc Lao dong - xa hfii nhiing ngfldi thdt hoc, ddi ngheo, bfinh tfit, "'Tong cue Thong k6 (2014),'Nxb."ThShg ke, Hft Nfii bflo lfle tfi nan xfi hfii de doa, ho it ed cftc „,tr.46 Dan nhSp Hifn nay, phat trien kinh te hp gia £nh Ifi mflt Hnh vflc mang tinh Iy Mfin vft thfle tiin eao, gdp phdn eai tMfin dilu kifin sdng, Ifira vifc eiia ngfldi dan, dfie bift Ifi ngfldi dftn nong thfln d cac nfldc dang phfit trien Phu nfl 1ft mflt nhdm xa hdi ldn, ed rafit d nhilu giai tdng, giai cap khfic tinh da dang cua cfie boat dpng xa hdi nhat lfi boat ddng Iao ddng oao llie, If? "Ol '/^ • , , •" L6 Ngoc Hung (2011), Lick si vd ly tkuyit xd kgi Cd hdi, dieu kifn de hpe hftnh vft hfldng ft^c, Nxb D^ hoc Quoc gia Hft Noi tr.32l stf 0-2017 NHAN Lgc KHOA HQC XA Htfl Q t NGHIA Cl!rA THUYET T U O N G T A C BIEU TRUNG qufi trinh phfit triln Ly thuyet xft hdi hpe nfl quyin vdi vife rad rdng y ngMa eua xft hfii hpe v l cftc quan hf gidi vft eufic sdng eua phu nfl Cftc Iy thuyfii xfi bfii vi rafi eua thuyet chflc nftng, thuyet phfin tich xung ddt vft thuyet Marxian v l thfi' gidi - he t h i n g d i u khao sftt vi tri eua efing vife gia dinh cftc h e thd'ng xa hdi nhfl lfi phfldng tifin de ly giai sfl If thufie xft hfii cua phu nfl T h u y l t Tfldng tftc b i i u tfldng vft phUdng phftp luftn thflc hftnh, hai ly t h u y l t xa hdi vi mfi khao sftt cftc phfldng cftch dd gidi dfldc san sinh vft tfii san sinh cfie quan hf hen nhfin vi Khfti Ifldc v e " T h u y e t Tflofng t a c b i i u trflng" 1.2 Nguon gdc Cd ngudn gflc tfl cfic quan mfira xa hfii hpc cua Max Weber, Georg Simmel, Robert Park ciing cae ddng sfl vfi hpe trd T h u y l t nfty ciing chiu anh hfldng cua rapt sfl' trfldng phai t r i l t hpe, sinh vftt hpe vfi cfie ly t h u y l t tfira ly hpc y thflc, tfim ly hpe hftnh vi vft tftm ly hpe xa hdi Cac tfic gia ndi bftt cua t h u y l t tfldng tae b i i u trflng 1ft Charles Horton Cooley (ly t h u y l t "tfli soi gfldng"), George Herbert Mead (Iy thuyet tfldng tftc "ba ngdi"),'^* Herbert Blumer (thuyet tfldng tftc luftn b i i u trflng), Ervmg Goffman Q.f t h u y l t kich hda) Cac tae gia t h u y l t tfldng tftc b i i u trflng van dung quan mfm eua thuyfii hftnh vi (vl quy Mat Mfu qua, quy luft thflc hftnh) nhflng cho rfing tfl vft sfl trai ngMem bfin eiing 1ft hftnh vi Mftc dfl cac hftnh vi bfin khd quan sat nhflng chung vfin tuan theo nhiSng quy Mfit cua hfinh vi bfin ngofii Thuyfii hfinh vi xa hpi cdn dflde Q NHAN LUC KHOA HQC XA Htfl phftt trien nhftm n h £ ^ m a n h vai trd cua eae yeu to' tfl duy, y thflc vft tfl y thflc ciia efi nhftn hfinh vi, boat ddi^, giao tie'p n h a t lfi mfii tfldng tftc xfi hpi 1.2 Ndi dung Tfldng tftc (interaction) lfi mdt ddn vi cd ban eiia sfl kifin xa hpi raft tai dd eon ngfldi dinh hfldng h a n h vi eua hp vfto nhau, cho du hp theo dudi eae ki vpng gidng n h a u hay chdng dfii Tfldng tftc chiu sfl a n h hfldng eiia chudn mfle va vai trd xa hdi, eua h i n h mfiu hfinh vi dfldc thfla nhftn vft sfl k i vpng ehu quan, dieu kifn hifn hflu chii q u a n eung nhfl cua nhiing ngfldi t h a m gia, nhflng ngfldi tMet k l nfin thfle tfi' xa hfii (Berger/Luckmann)., Nhfl vfty, nfii hftm eua khfii m f m tfldng tftc dft dn ehfla mdi lien h e vdi khfti mfim vai trd; theo dd, vai trd xa hdi la mot nhflng y l u to' ed a n h hfldng din sri tfldng tae xa hfii Theo ly thuyet cd cau - ehfle nfing, sfl on dinh cua hf thfl'ng tfldng tfic dam bao ne'u cai tdi va ngfldi khae da tiep thu cho minh efie chufin chung, neii Ifeh ehuan sfi bi phat Ngfldc lai, thuyet tfldng tftc biiu trflng nhftn m a n h tfldng tfie ludn hi de dpa lai ddi hdi d ngfldi t h a m dfl efie cMln Ifldc tong hdp de cd sfl dara bao cho quft trinh xfi hdi vfi bao vf eho ban thftn nhiing ngfldi thara dfl (Groffraan) Trong kM tbeo Homans tfldng tftc dflde hinh thfinh theo cftc Mnh mftu kich tMeh - phan flng tM cac nhfi tfldng tac lufin bieu tnfng lai phan dfii each Meu tfldng tac theo Iy thuyfii hfinh vi, vi ngfldi khflng cM phan flng vdi cac kich tMch mfi hfinh dpng cua ho hfldng Tit dien Xa hoi hoc (2001), Nxb Dai hoc Quoc gia Hft Noi, tr.528 "" Le Ngoc Hung (2011), Lich sd vd ly thuyS't xa h0i figc, Nxb Dai hoc Qudc gia Hft Nfii tr.326