116 Dutch in South Africa to crop failures and organizational chaos Van Riebeeck advocated the introduction of more workers to save the colony and encouraged importation of slaves Though the VOC did not send slaves for five years, captains on passing ships gave Van Riebeeck some in the meantime In 1654, the first Cape-based slave expedition was sent to Madagascar and Mozambique and three years later the first group of slaves was brought to the Cape from Angola and West Africa to meet the needs of the construction of a solid station Starting in 1655, Van Riebeeck’s exploration outside Cape Town eventually led to a war between the small colony and the local Khoikhoi (named Hottentots by the whites) The Khoikhoi were a pastoral people, inhabiting the coast of the Cape of Good Hope until the arrival of European colonizers When Van Riebeeck left the Cape in 1662, the settlement had more than 100 colonists The Netherlands lost many of its colonial possessions to the British when the motherland surrendered to French conquest led by Napoleon, and more territory annexation to the French from 1795 to 1814 Subsequently Great Britain seized the colony in 1797 during the Fifth Anglo-Dutch War, and annexed it in 1805 The Dutch colonists who remained after the British took over are now known as Afrikaners Their language, Afrikaans, is derived from a creolized variety of a colonial dialect of Cape Dutch, influenced by both indigenous Khoikhoi peoples who speak the Khoisan language and the imported slave population See also slave trade, Africa and the; voyages of discovery Further reading: Van Der Merwe, P J., and Roger B Beck The Migrant Farmer in the History of the Cape Colony Athens: Ohio University Press, 1995; Elphick, Richard, and Hermann Buhr Giliomee The Shaping of South African Society, 1652–1840 Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 1989 Spilhaus, Margaret Whiting South Africa in the Making, 1652–1806 Cape Town: Juta, 1966 Céline Swicegood