Tiến tới quản lý các đầm phá ven bờ miền trung việt nam môi trường các công trình nghiên cứu

HQI BAa ve THIEN NHIEN vA M Ol TRUONG VieT NAM utsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWV VIETNAM ASSOCIATION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT MDI'.',lnrONG '- •r I !r T.~ r l , '-" ENVIRONMENT cAe eO N G TR iN H N G H IEN C U u RESEARCH WORKS T~PV VOLUM E V @ " -' ? " - • - NHA XUAT BAN KHOA HQC VA KY THU~T SCIENCE AND TECHNICS PUBLISHING HOUSE HA NQI-1998 H Q i WVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA b d o v f t h i e n n h ie n v a m o i tn r o n g TII~NTOI QUAN LY N a m ihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFED V ift cAc DAM pl:iA VENutsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZY ao MIEN TRUNG VIl;:T NAM P G S P T S N g u y ln P T S N g u y ln C h u H O i, P T S r-s« D u e T h t;m h n a « c o , P T S N g u y ln N hQ t Thi I MO DAU Trong khoang 3260 km duong bo bi~n, Viet Nam co 12 d~m pha yen bo di~n hmh ph an b6 a Mien Trung, tir vi dO 11° d~n 16°, tuong irng khoang 21% chieu dai duong bo bi~n ca nude (h.I) Cac d~m pha chiem mot dien tich chirng 447,8 km2, pha Tam Giang thuoc loai Ian nhat khu vue Dong Nam A Cac d~m pha yen ,ba Mien Trung thuoc mot nhirng he thcng tu nhien (c o a sta l sy ste m ) cua doi bo bi~n Vi~t Nam £)0 la nhirng vue mroc nong yen bo, da phan keo dai song song vdi duong bo, ngan each vdi bi~n bang nhirng roi cat chan va thong vdi bi~R qua mot hoac vai cira d~m pha (la g o o n a l in le ts) V€ mat sinh thai, cac darn pha yen bo la nhirng he sinh thai nang suat cao sau li~ sinh thai san ho va rung ngap man Chung chira dung va cung ca:p nguon tai nguyen tai tao va khong tai tao quan trong, dac biet b6i canh vung bo Mien Trung ngheo tai nguyen thien nhien va hau khac nghiet Cac darn pha la d6i tuong khai thac true ti~p cua cac nganh kinh W khac nhu : nghe ca, nuoi hai san, nong nghiep, khai thac khoang san, du lich va giao thong - cang, Bdi vay, chung , co tarn quan dac biet d6i vdi sir phat tri~n kinh t~ - xa hOi cua cac dia phuong lien quan Nhung cac hoat dong' khai hoang ,la:n bi~n, khaithac tai nguyen qua mire, a nhiem va cac tai bien yen bi~n dang tr a nhirng de doa d~n h~ sinh thai darn pha yen bo Mi€n Trung va tac dong xau d~n doi song cong dong' dia phuong 96 M o i fedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA trtrirn g - C a c c rJ n g trin h n g h ie n c tru Bdi th~ quan cac dam pha If khon la mot cling la mot da dang sinh II MOl TRUONG Cac dam lien quan hinh phu va het ben vtrng dai vdi sire eftp bach, ke hoach phe chuan Day dong bao vi;! hanh (BAP, 1995) hoa cac dong Holoxen bang muon, cat yen bign bdi mire dQ d6ng kin ve mat hinh dang quan thirc xa, nang suat so eftp, chudi lire, yen bo Mien Trung khac hinh cuoi cua sir tien bdi eftu true dong pha ch~ dQ kill hau quan ta duoc duoc dac trung thai, kien Cac dam bo nude dean Chung an va dieu gia duoc Chinh yen tdi giai v~ cau true doi hoi khach tri~n VA TAl NGUYEN DAM PHA pha Mien Trung d~ dat tdi su phat van de iru tien nhtrng hoc quae kheo T Q P utsrqponmlkjihgfe - biet Viet Nam phan ba khu vue e6 den kho han/It 111Uanlnr duoi : tU ~111/111uan hieu day ihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA Khu LUong LUong Cac MU'a nhieu Vl,J'C 1600 - 3000 m Ua boe dam mm 700 - 1000 m m < 1000 m m hot Tam pha t Giang, Giang, Tra Lang > 1000 m m Co, Truonq An Khe, NUc)c M ~n, 6, it MU'a Loan, Thuy Trieu, Cu M ong Mire dQ dong kin cua cac dam pha chi kha dam pha va vung bieri Ian can Lien quan cac dam pha • ' Nua ba nh6m k ill Dam Giang, nang trao doi mrdcgiua toi mire dQ dong kin e6 th~ chia : Truong Giang, TN Nai, Cu Mong, Thuy Trieu, Nc;li • C a n ' k ill • K ill - MT Tam : N9.i - , NUde NgQt, Thi N9.i, Dam : : Lang Co, Nude An Khe, Tra Man, Nude Ngot, Loan 6.' 97 H ( J i fedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA b tio utsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA vf t h ie n n h ie n v a m o i tn ro n g V if t N a m \/\ ihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA '-', ''-1 , ' l L A -O \ , \ I J S - LJ I ~ " ,1 / ! km I I f TAM G IA N G - C A U H A l \ \ \ ) I C ~ M P U C lfIA A n H O il ( \ ) ~./ / -./ -' 50 O l< m 50 120 110 T R rlU N G SIANG LANG • CO a ~ LLJ km H in h 98 Sa phan bo cac lagun yen tX7 bien M ien Trung Vi~t N am tru irn g - C a c c o n g trin lt M oi n g h ie n c tr u - T q ,p ihgfedcbaZYX WVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA utsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA THI NAI LLJ km ~1 km , N il,' G llit 11 THUY T R IE U ' -J;m-' B a n tllo C~m Ranh Ranh gi6i ti@ u vung n6ng, n6ng, H in n So' VI dO thap am , rnua tren kh6, m ua phan 1600 d1l6i 1600 be> cac lagun mm, nhi~t boc' rnrn, boc yen ba hol d6i rv hol tren bien M ien 1000 m m rv 1000 Trung mm Vi~t Nam 99 H ~ i b tio utsrqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA vf th ie n n h ie n v a m o l tn r o n g V i¢ t N a m Tinh thuoc 6n dinh vao sir trao cac nhan t6 chinh d6i vdi nude trao S\1 va tai nguyen d6i mrdc cung thay bi~n, gnra d6i manh cua cac darn pha nhir : luong D