sổ tay thiết bị tàu thủy - tập 1

tau thuy Ht khtt nang gi u: nguyen cua tau tbeo y IJgm'ri lai... hitnb Uti niim t rong rn~u phtlng cil.a t.:m ho~c song song v t:d m~l pMng do... xt'rng tr~te co hai ki~ll : kbong doi

cac Uli \i,;u

bi tJ.u tbi:ty c6n thieu nea

khCu::h 'Tru6c hinh dO

bi ~ ctiu sinh vil d(), 1'rung

so tav thiet bi tilu c·a Lien

kitn1·' t~ar;1

Cuon " tay thict bt tiw

nghien tbiet ke, che (90 V~t SU

VOi cac b(!.ll d()C )a sinh vien va

chuyen nganh Uw thi',y

.:.~on tilu~ rin

tau#

Vi.,!

cic bi tau uic truong d~i

I ph§n soq,n nhu sau - l)han I Jo k\' su Pban

bien so\)n

Ph6 tien si Ph~:r' Van H()i v~ ki su Ho

Do trinh do cbuyeH mon cua

i v;et c6 hq.n, cu6n sc> tay

anh

; Ph~n II

1.1.1 Tinh dn ltd nla iiw ' , va n/ziem * mz ~ ci'za

Tinh an ciut tau thuy Ht khtt nang gi u: nguyen

cua tau tbeo y IJgm'ri lai '

momen qu<ty Hun quay !i:nl, Cfum;h trt;tc tb~ng dtrng d1 qua

Quy d~o chuy&n d{mg ci1a

tr~mg tam tau khi quay h£wh ltli

m<jt g(,c 0: va gifr nguyen banh

o· vt ti·i d6 la.drrO'ng quay

yong cila tau

Qn{l trl.!lfl quay, vong cua

tku gom :3 glai do~n (11lnl1 1 J ) i

(irai do~n 1 ~ giai do(,t~

nl}m

kong m~t phfing :xtrng cil.a

····• Htndtwe n1(lt goca (gQi

d\lng P hie dt,tng bimh tang

., dl:tn Tl1itnb pban cu.a p day

.L~rc d~y cua 'chan· V!t Pcv b!

)lnr(l'ng- day Hmdi l~cb lmQ-ng

iitru&c hi.c quay

Gia:i do~n;2

eAch t'() ra Uru

qu~t

v.huy~n

:xae l~p hat dau tt'r hie g6c l~eh

giil tri co d~nh, keo dai d~n dn'mg

T:r~wg t[trn tau dong tren g9i Bt dtr('mg quay vong xiw l:)p

t bi tal

h~ Ui d•J.ng banh 11\i ia lo~ti U\i gian va ph& nM\t

hitnb Uti niim t rong rn~u phtlng cil.a t.:m ho~c song song v t:d m~l pMng do

Et khi Um ch:;ty a toe d(1 tht'lp, ta lap them viw .M.nh !{li nH)t ch:ln V!t pl1l;l

:3 '!'hitft b! Hd dung d~to lu·u quay : d~o hru quay la mi)t ong co prMin hn~

tu.yen d~.t bao quanh ch£\.n v Ngoai titt.: d~tng lui tim, d:;w !tnt eon la m9t be;)

ph.;t1li cua t!ud :q \,LQy co cu: ~1ng ca1 rtut;n e Ut tlr<;rng ay etta cnan V1L

:\goai clic thitft hj L\i n6i tren dm c6 thiel :b~ l;ti ,1;ity ki~u pht;it mriYc,

thi~t b! l:~i kieu V oith Schneider, thi~t :b! liti d~y ki~u ltnlnb guong Chi tiet xe:m [2] [3], [<!]

1.2.2 Cac /J(J ph<1n chinh ciia thief b_i tai

Thong tl:nrang thi~t ht i'ti gom c:'te hr) ph~n Gbinh sau d~\y :

_ 13itnh Hl.i (ho(w d~o hru quay) tn.t·c titfp ch!u :ilp h.rc tl1uy d<)ng d~ !~i tau -· Trt,I liti la ph~n cila song du6i Um e6 cite biin le d~ Ul.p bitnh bi

Tn:u: quay 19U.nh Hi ho(ic d.~w luu quay (g9i tat Hn tn.tcl:U) tt·uyen momen Uli t'lr may Ui t&i liun qu~y Mnb hii ho~c d~o hru quay

- May hH la hi(> ph~n t~o hrc lfti May Hi gom co nguon 6.¢ng l~rc (a may

i.r may lai lay l~ Yang tay lli\.i ,), h~· truyen d<)ng ( & may Hi di~n I a h9p giam toe

- Cil.C lhi~l bi ~n i6~ln tin hi¢u: lhiet flt chi g(Jc tJUfty lai, thi€'t liJj giai h~lll

coc <[UlllY lai, thi~t }~! J)hanh r:&m

1.3 Pla&ht l<~~~~i lilanh Hli va d~;to he:n quay

1.3.1 Phan lo~ti lJrinh lai

lhnb lt\i thu&ng UIT<,)\~ ph:J.n lo~i nlm sau (hinh 1.2) :

1 Theo each lien ket giil:a banl1H1i va vo !au:

- Banh Ui ~an giit.n (ki~u I, II) la bitnh hi co it lilhat m¢t goi u0' & phia

trt'n va ml}t goi a& & p.bfa dm:ri banh [:,ij Ngoai I':it e~ th~ co tb~m c!-l.c g0i hung gian •

_ :Bimb lai nit:a tre,o (ki~lll III) la Mnb 1M co ph~n du&i lam vj¢c nln~

mN do~n COD£X'®H

l8i treo IV) In Hi lien 11\u qua .,

cua

• 1

Hinb 1-2 Cac loq.i banh lai

2 Tbeo vj td b811h so YO'i dm'tng tam quay :

- Bimh l:U khong can :b~11g (kil:u I) ; Mn h lai c6 duang Hl.m quay n~m

truyP'n hoan 1oim l~n lrlJc Hd

- Banh Hl.i ctm bli.ng (ki~u II, HI, IV) la hanh Iai c6 drrcn'g tam quay chia

Mnh h'li th~'mh hai ph3:n Momen do {tp hrc thtiy d¢ng Vic dt,mg lib pban sau se

:3 Theo so chot lien k(ft : cac M.nh lai dun gian va banh U1i mh treo co

the !:en k~t v<'ri song duoi tim hlhig m(>t hay nhiE'u chot ban f'

do phan loqi banh lai

5 ;

xt'rng tr~te co hai ki~ll : kbong doi xung theo chien diq

khong doi xu·ng th eo d<~ng pro fin ( hinb L'3h ) Chiru day lun duQ"c lam Um b(rn ia gi a cm'mg eho li~n

quay khong doi xrrng trt}c c6 dtpig lam giam dao

Lai gifra ph~ln tren va phan dlr(ri chan vjt va giam tai

vito trlJC chan vjt Chi tiit xcm [8]

dung & tim

cua UPt nl>IJ'fl \_ - - Jl ~ ~ ,, fj tJ

tinh nh lm&n.rz cua Hm

rlwy 1\ i i''u ( 7) nh~,~J

xirug

JCrn 1,5 Hin g6e quay ct1a d~o luu)

lai khi tim ch1_l.y theo quim tir;h va khi tau

tinh CO' Clia ti:J.U /r mQi tck tien va li!i;

thtiy d hi\n cac ki~n b6 tri lfti khac

.:\gm\ i ra con C() cac l~i~.u ho t ri Uri 2 -·- 3 l/mh

fan 1UQt va lni ch:J.n Vft

tri liti Hible co ;3 ban h Iai quay dikg ph() hi~n cr ct".c U:ru song

banh co di~n tich b!ng t6ng dl~Il tich cua ba b{mb h\i lai ben di!ct trong dong dlly eua chan vjt Banh lc~i giu·a trong ph~ng ngoai

dong d~y cua c Mn v!t

1

va phan

qua

lai phii.i n!m trong dong cua chan v!L

U:i dim trong dong d cua cMn V!t d1ng cao

a giil'a mer cua Ed va rnep ninb V!t kMng •

7

:3 Khi tim toan , h:"tnh i p!d.i ng~p hoiw !o:lm I mr:j·c J\ltoltng dteh litp mr<'rc phia h Uu ki16i!g n han 0,:25 song·- dt 0.1:2~) hbl (Um ch~y trong trong do btl chil:;u cao bt'tnh Tim song (( C )) v:l ((D))

m:;tt tr~n h~lnh Uti eo the cao hem chrc'rng mr<"rc eho·

'Mhung k.h6ng qu<'t :350 mm

bimg khoang (n,l·;) -+- O,l) hb1

"L U'i;it dtrr'l'i hanh Uti cfw

ch~n Tjt

ng khong tiuo·c thap hem mep du&i canh

m~t ph<ing ca ban cua Um va nlim trong m(tt chin dm'mg U'tm quay cua chan vjt

G ()· tau cao toe hai ch:1n vjt Mnh Uti nt'n d:;it d)ch sang pl ia m~n nffu

ehin vjt co lm&ng qt1ay ngoiti va d~t d!ch vito gifra n€fu chan ''!t c6 Jnn'rng qm1y treng ][hi d6 htimh lid se k:hong rO'i vito vung xoay (xem them [8]1

7 Khi quay het Uti sant-; mr)t ben rn.~n, r•rH~p sau bltnh lili kbcl!J[l dm,re vuvt

n ngoai gi ()'j h~n chi eu n)n g t~u

~- X~u M.nh l<U lrco dn b~ng dtr<ye h~trl V('ri tr<.Ic lai thi chi('u cao h<h1h lai plrai clwn sao cho co th~ tb:io chrvc hi!nh lui khi su·a dti:i·<t

So lm;rng hanh lai pJw thur)c ki~u tim, d('ic tnrngh1nh hQc, so tn;c chan v!f, yen dtu doi V{yj tinh an Iai va do tin c~y ctia qun thiel b! lai dl'ty

ehan vjt la hi~u qua nb~t Khi do thi(ft b~ liti fa 1 bftnh Uli d(tt tron?; mi}t pl1ang

Tren nhung ti'm dl'J neu diwg banh hi kh6ng ci'm hrtng tbi c6ng sua! m{ty liti

dit JC:rn

V~ d(ic Unh tln"ty d<)ng, ki~u hc1nh lai nl'ra treo kern h"tnh Hti cf:tn hhng

do·u gian Tuy nhien Mnh l;ii nii·a treo it ht htmg hcrn khi tau di qua de luong l?,ch c;;tn ho(tc khi hi~nh Uti va d<J.p v(;-i d.c v1}t kh:k Xgoid ra d1'wg b:l.nh Hli nl'ra

treo 6 drr6·i ciia tm.tc Hi nho, do d6 (y nhii-ng tim lcrn cong ngh¢ ehc t~o ~e dan gian han Ikmh Uli ni'ra treo duQ'c dimg r(>ng rai tren dtc Um m(Jt chan v!t, d~c hi~t la de tim co· trung hinh

Bitnh lui can hiing mht treo va bimh Hli kh<lng

tr·en d.c ti'm hang rn(>t ehftn vjt co· tnmg binh va nho

t • au nay ' th ' uo·ng cnt!y ' t uyen A' ven mr'n, l 'h l "' uong 1,1c 1 I l c<;~n

cod<) tin city eao, it lnr hong

(0\\' c.:;;;; tJOOO + 8000 !) C<:1c

rat din nh u:ng tbiet h! Uti B~o hru quay UU'()'C dung cai thi~n chat lll'Q'Ilg d~y ciin eh2n vtt dong

thcti d~ t~o hrc li>ti ba.o tinh ;,(ll h~i clia tim Do d() kht CbQ!l phtfO'Ilg itn va

tinh foan thi~t ke d~o hru quay can chti y thoa d hai cong ch~ n6i tren;

hi~u suat day

l ' \' l , }

rihvr b ('y dtc Um Ctl he • so

chim dl l<,Yi vi Uing

lun chi Hun gi{nn ht~;u

suat Bcv va h¢ ::so b,rc

Being 1-1

H¢ so Bcv va crcv cua die lo?i tau

Tiw hang nH)I chf111 vit

Tau ven bi'~n Tau dau

Tau d~mh d< htu1g lu6'i vet

Til u kE>o (a che d<) keo)

() c v

1,0 -c-2,5 2,5 -+- 4,0

Cttc Um co chieu chim nho (tim ven bi~n, U:m n¢i thuy, tau song- bi~n)

ho tri d~o hru quay pboi lH!'P1

thkh dang v<'ri luy~n hinh du6ij

lim

I ' '

Mu h\'~l d:;to hru quay

Hinh (1.·!) cho hi~t de

ph~m vi hqp H dimg d~w ! uu

Vt'mg hq-'P !:<· d~ cliwg d{lo ltru

la vung ma dm'mg cong hi¢u

:miit d~y d1a chftn vtt khon11 co

kinh eh!tn v!t khong d:Q.o luu

Thiel b! l{<i dimg d~o

d<)ng l<'m ho·n khoang 4ll% so

Vt'ri hrc nang ci\.a bitnh Uti c6

ci1ng di~n tich hinh chi(;u dung

Hinh 1.4 So sach ki¢u suat t6i uu cua c:ac kieu tbiet

bi

L Chan vit scri B4-70 khOng d<;to hru; 2 Chan vit seri Ka4-70 va cl~o luu J\!2 19A T = 0,50; 3 Chan

- Tang [frih CO' d<)ng cua Hm

v(ti toe de> thri'p, nhat la doi v<"ri ct\c

vung

i tau k:rlo,

hQp, k l1i tim chq.y ,;,)linn co dong rao Bac hif:~t tretL Hm hai

f.JO hn~ quay d(ic l~p

ho:;.c quay lim

;

g,

d<,w hr.n t6i n-n l1'm l1o'n c:ucmg kinh toi uu

3 : .j v(ri cllllg h~ b6 Be,.),

I f

Hinh 1.5 Vi tri cac d:;Jo luu quay khi hai chan vit lam vi~c

nguoc ch{eu nhau

a) Quay vong: 1, 2 quav phai (1) -:•?! quay trai (2) khi dm tien btwg mot dq.o luu; 3, 4 quay ttai (3) va quay phai ( 4)

phai (6) khi tim lt1i bang hai d~o luu

b) Quay tim tai chO: 7, 8 quay du6i sang phai (7) va sang trai (8) b~ng hai d?-o luu; 9 10 quay du6i sang phai ) va

sang tr:ii (10) m(>t luu; 11, 12 quay mtli sang trai (11) va sang ph a i (12) h1i dao luu

c) Dat ngahg; 11, 14 cho tau d;;~t sang trid (13) va sang

phili (14) bang hai luu

- K~t diu kbong cb:.ic chan bUng d<}.o hru co cltnh, hanh Uti nhieu chot

- D~ lam kt?-t cbf-tn khi () chi;m ella d:<~o luu ,.a, tn;.c lai l?i morL

- ~ drng t!1ap, bi dao dl)ng c\].c h~

- Che t:;J.o kb6 ho·n b&.nh ltl.i, d<) chinh

banb lai

10

II

:t.l Xac dinh cac tl1

2.1.1 D{nh fa

2 Chieu cao h6nh l6i hb1: khoang c<1.ch giu·a di~m cao niJat va tbap nhat

c·ua 'banh IRi do lheo phno·ng tldl.ng dl'rng

c, d) Banh lai dan gian khong can bang;

1 pr6fin banh lai: 2 trv lid trco; 3 avlai ; 4 profin

trv lai; 5 profin trv Lii tw~

tfnh tt'r drr<'mg Htm quay d~n qmh tnr(rc h(m b lhi

doi xt'rng cua fan

lai hbl la khoang dch C<:tnh tnr6'c d~n C/inh san cua banh lai; doi v6i banh Jarkhong e6 d:;trig ehti· nhat thf ehieu n)ng b:lnh hi hbt la ehieu r(mg trung hinh

tinh theo c6ug tht'rc :

bbl= hbl

11

r;, ChUh1 r(my tru l<ii btl : Ia kboiing each tir qn1h tnrbl: d~n c~Nh san

9 11? so kt'o d(ii cua bdnh ldi I,: 11? so k0o cUli I, duqc tinh bfi.1~g 111Qt trong

c<h: cong lbrre ~;au ;

/() ll ~ 1 s6 Uo d a i CLla h¢ banlz 1 ai - t l'(! ldi Ak

1:2 (ioc quay !Iii 7.: g6c m?.t doi xrrng dqc CU3 banh LU (d{(O

l.uu) va m~it pb~llig cH5i cua tim

13 Pr6/'in bc1nh l6i: !a drrt:-rng dm vi cila cat b~.nb lid dt ho·i

m(lt m~t phiing vuon;:.: go~,; Ycri du:6·ng ta.m quay cu.a Mnh liii (hinh 1-7)

Htnh _1.7 Cac them~; so hinh hq::

ctia profin

a) PrOfin· doi xurig kh6ng;· co phan

ouoi phang; b) Pr0fi'1 IfS co ph an

du:oi phang; c) Pr6£in khong doi

xung

12

11 Profin ciia ag.o l!ru la dm'rng chu

GlHY!lg !rt.lC CUll d:;-to hru (l1inh l-9)

Pro[in lfoi xri·ng Ja prOfin ma dm':mg

cul!g chia cite chi~u day e tb~Jnb hai pb~n

bang nbau, prOfin khOng doi xrrng lhi dm'rng

df~Y nmg chia cllJ?~u day[e U1anh hai dm~n

vi1 yd kbi.c nhmL PrMin b<htb lid thm'mg doi xirng Pro fin d~o llm k: hlmg cl6i :xrmg

1U PrO{w lmz tuuen Ut profin rna khi

cho m(lt d6ng chlty cllay qua prOfin !heo hu6ng

song song ~''~d dm'n;g cHly cnng thi prMin khong t:;w xotzy (ho(ic hl!iu nlm khong t~o xmiy) trong

dong ehiiy

I Chieu cao bim/1 lili 1t,.,1 c h9n l&n n hat c6 th? thw)c tuyen binh philo dn6i Hm

2 D1?n tich bcinh lui Ati:

~~ chqn theo tau matt co tinh .an lUi tot;

~ ch9n t.heo cilc so !i¢u thOng k.e (kh~:mg •

trong do: L -~ h;;ii

T ··- chi;:u chir:n c11a titn

di~n tich c:tc ln1nb !itl

T:::u bi1ng khC; va tau dan di bien

m¢t cbc\n vjl

Tin1 kbad1 ciJ nho va xui'lug mc1y

Il d1 II I

IV va III

T:.\u khltch ci"' l(:m ha i chi\ n v jt Ha i tn'wh Hti kieu I II

M<,)t Lanh lai kH\u III

~ -Tim hang kho ca l&n hni chan vft Yi1

Jiai banh H<i ki~u III (tnJ Jai

trm da u c6 chi()u c him gi(ri h:;t n

Tau himg ch<Jy s6ng hni chan vjt v>\ tan [H: banh J[1i ki't!u III <tn.: lai treo)

sung bien e6 t6c d¢ tfnh tOan Ue < :2,()

Tau hang eh~y s6nc hai chln "it va tau

sOng- bien c6 t6e d¢ tinh to lin cr.,> 2.0

Tau dlly

Tau kh~ch ch¥Y sOng

-~ -Xubng, thuy~n

D::IO hru quay

Dl}o hru quay

III (tn,l Iai treo)

Khi chQn p din chu }' : tang di~n tich hiwh lili tlli duang kinh quay vong

giam khi g6c quay hU l&n v:\ duang kinh quay vong Uing kbi goc.: qtray l;h nht); di¢n tich kMi d~c dttoi lmh lm&ng rat l&n den tf'1h quay tri.'r cua tim, Uir\({di~n tich khOi d~c du6i dU'('J'ng kinh quay vong tang d'lt n haoh; h~ so p ct1a Mnh h\i

13

Hai chan vjt, hai banh lai

Tau d~lu

C{r nhi'l va trung binh

Ca Ian

T:'w khacll

Ci"J nhi'J toe d<) lrung binb

C<J nho, toe d<) cao

Co l6n v:l Utu hltng khach t6c d<) !rung blnh

Co· J(rn chav nhanh Tau c!l •

Pha cha Ulll boa

Tau hoa tien

Sa Jan, tau kllong t1r hanh

Tau J,eo va tau day 4,55 ~-:3,5 7

sa lun ch& hang kht'J va cha dan kb6ng

-J,O -C 2,5 1,5 -;.- 2,5

1,4 ·7 2,0

1,6 -; '2,0 1.3 -:- 2,0

1,4 -: 1, il 1,7 : :l,2 1,7 , ') _,,_ ' )

1 ,6 -; 2,0 1,4 :- 2,0

~.5 -: 4,5 2,5 -:- 4,0

\J.,Ol:J -7- 7,69

3,70 :- 3,57 5,00 + 4,00 5,56,+ 5,00 4,oo :"''~'''r5;5~,Jf,

'.'V,,>;l;' "'':k""

cC» 4,55 -:- 4,00 6,07 ·+ 4.17 5,.56 + 4,35 6,67 :- 6.25

-5,56 _,_ ;),00 6,()7 + 5,00

\),1}9 -:- 7,i!J

~.3B -:- 7,69

-

-Tan hang c1i bi~a M¢t bCmb lui Hai tanh H<i

Tau c!llu

Tau khAch rO 16n Tau ven bl(';n

Tau cit

Tlm k(~o bi~n

Ph a Xuo n g m!<v Tau keo, day eht_,y sfwg (tr! s6 J{i'n doi v6i

um day) Tau hilllg ch~y si'lng t~r h:)nh

T~u khlch ch~y sOng Trw s6ng kbong ll! !1:\nh

1,8 -:-'2,7

2,0 -> 2,8 1,8 < 2,:L

1, -: 1:)}) :2,3 + :3,:)

2,,) ~ :- 5)~)

310 >-6,()

2,~) "" : -J ,o

.J ,() o- ;,,0 G,5 :-l:l,O ::,u :- /',()

-1,0 -i- 8,0 -l,;) + 7,0

nl\m ngoid d(Jng d!ly ehfln v!1 Um hem cil.a Mnb hti dim t dbng dliy cuH chan

vjt; b~ so F-· cil.a Hm hang, khaeh lcrn lwn Clla tim dan; ian ll<)i ihuy va Htu song

Uli c6 anh lnr/mg dit Utn den linh an lc'ti cua tim, khi X(iC cqnh u(; pblti chll )' df:!n

ct'tc d~c (ti~m C\l th~ c{';a tim: v! tri Mnh HJ.i, so chfm v~t, lo~i Um, ket diu vung

duoi tau, Iuong l~ch v.v

-./ A min = p q - · -L T ( 0,75 + 150 _ ) _ , m2

trong d6, L - chi~u d~li tau (m)

T - chi~n chim tau (m)

(1-9)

p - h¢ so, bllng 1,2 n()u bimh lM kh6ng <.l(tt trn·c tie=p sau ehan v~t;

bung 1,0 n~u b£mh l<'d d~t 1n_rc tit\p sau chfln vjt

q = 1,25 doi v&i Un1 ln'o, q = 1,0 doi v<\i c{tc lo1_1i tau khac

.:'\<6u banh Uti d~t tn.rc tiep sau tq1 liti thi t6ng di¢n ticb I:Abl x:'tc d!nh theo

cong tht'rc (1-7) gom dit_'n lich h~\nh hli + di¢n lich trv lai Ak· Khi d6, di~n tich

banh lai n6i ri~ng Ah! kh<'mg Llt.rqc nho hO'n 0,8 Amin·

3 H ~ s6 Jd!o deli /,

H¢ so keo dai I = O,fi + 3,0 ttty theo ket diu vung duoi tim Thi nghi~m cho thtiy khi t Um thi g6c nghieng ci1a duimg cong Cy = f((l.,) ~xem mt.lc 2.4 2) cimg 16'n, nghia la bll.nh l:U c6 f Urn dlnn hlw hi¢u qn~t lai tot o· dt cilC g6c quay lai nho [8]

Tren cac tau nho co lh~ dung himh hli co -;., Urn b~ng citcb thi~l k~ tau c6 d¢ chl.li duoi, diJc hi~t d.oi vcd nhfrng tau c6 may lai tay Khi do d~ gifr huang di cu.a tau chi din qaay lai m¢t goc nho (xem chtrang ci)

15

momen th ng klli tau ('.bi;ty lLii

i\ hii;n khi ph~li Ung k dn.ng C( d6 i

khi l~m tiC:n, h1i :~ap nhau

Thong

( ho:_ic yen ve do hi.;n { c:i'w Urn, ugay 3tH vo dtruc

Be ~rimil ng, bt'mh L'ti m'n nbn san:

- Di¢n tich phan dm Mng k di?,n Lich biwh !::d (k U, h." • ' ·~ ' 1 ,, ' •

- c 1eu rqng pnan can uan g Lt~l d t ngang khdng qw:t ~l;)?/i, d

r¢ng banh hti tl).l m~t dit do

Hinh 1.8 Do thi Mta (o:) da bauh

w can bang

1 khi k = 0.28; 2 k = 0,34

- tiw ch:;ty tien; -~ -'-tau ch<Jy lui

Hinh 1.9 f)~C tinh hinh hoc cua d~o luu q1

1 di(IO 1uu; 2 doh on cfinh; 3 profin Ci!nh on dix

4 ti'!m ch~n ctla canh on dinh; 5 kh6i re donm

2.2 Xac dinh ca.c thOng s6 hinh

(" th' g ,, h • ,, • d l ; l ·~ '

,ac · on so c u y~u cua · qo rm c:o .t1fc xac 1 nlnr s& u :

16

hru co hi~u qua

ltru Urn hun

(1-16)

•

cua

n!Jo 1rng v&i

4 - so that !Xth = 1 ;25 -:- 1,35, !rj so nho v&i

L11 -:- 1, 14, trt sll l6n ung vCii Be,- nho

i C(J y~·u du ve ch:H ltrqng c lui thi c6 th(i ~ = 0.15 :-0,17, con OCth nho nl Chii'u ttrang doi ciia prl'>fin t = 0,125 -;- 0.15(), nhb t''11g V<)·i Bcv :?_hi\ Boi v&i d~o ltru kh6ng

t rtiC Cll the t tai 0,20

1 Di'! ng d:_:o ltru dai l = 0,7 : 0, !J

k = 0,43 :- 0,44 khi dlll-o hru co

trt,-w quay kht tl\u ch::y.y

kfii ch:,ty h)i c:~mg nbb ·

-'!t.:!l

c lhll1

Duung kiuh chan vjt De"' m

S6 hmn!I chan vit, chiec

f):)O

-1

m quay den tru&c Uf.lO luu lt, m

so dn hang cua ltm k

Goc qnay l&n nhat ciia luu

\._";hil:\u dav ton bao dao !uu, mm

tiCn JlJi Vl ei'm c1pn chan vtt + dno luu

tien Pt, kN lili Pl, kN

1,~H

0,85 3,16

(),()3 0,45

1,22 I 1,30 I 1,30 1,30 L45 1 1,12 , 1,1'1 I 1,12 1,15 !,14 1,62 1,9:') I 1,50 (),[)6

(),45 2,1()

1, 08 LOO O,o:l 1,50 1 9 95 I 2,~R

±35

10

0,75 0,45

±35

10,15 :1,92

0,34

8 4,50

41,0

±35

6 4,07

oi:5:i

0,44

±32 (luc

2)10

:::.; ,7

1' 1·1 (),88 0,,10 2r20 o,:l7

1 ,K()

' ) ),\)()

1 ~8{j 1.00

1 1 :2

:>.,;';0

,{10

±45

(l10ac dao hru

nfmg cao hi!~H qua

xa

21

22

23

12~85

16,55 19,20

14,10 t5,d0

2:1,60

I JJ

lJ

·1?;, 10 ,10

:i~.70

00,00

21,80 16,1() /lO.OO 9,18 g;)JJO 6,75

;;0,00 05,00 2,.)2 HJ'i,OO 1,U2

(i

,~

50,00 Hl,50 J7,00 40,85

33~35

24.00 I5,GO

1, !0 7.b0

±4;00 38,03 30,50 21,85 17,08 12,06 (),70

1,0~·

ni'ra treo tlmang c6 chieu r<)ng

en r()ng, phia duoi h~p; phfa

trong m~t phing chU:a d,c l:H b!ng t(2

ve phfa duoi banh lai dtplg theo

t va chii3u r9ng tinh toan cua banb

vt'ri

Hoi V(J'i phan Mnh n k

Cac k)· hi~u giong nhu ci'w c~'mg

C~c tinh lo{m tln.rc h cllo tu·ng

d n<'ri tr1,1

(

xuong) ( 1-25)

n)ng tr~1 Uti treo thay

t:Ua pr6fin co chi~u day t va

b - bu

( 1-26) trong d6 b la chien n)ng prOfin

Pr6fin (I(W hm quay co thl' d1.rng thco

khac nlm c6ug th1rc (1-23) 1)

sau (hinh 1.13):

1 Ttr dm)·ng tam quay cua

d~o luu d9c !heo du&ng t3.m

v!t, 6.-kLe h& gifi·a mut cimh chi'm

2 Ve chrc)'ng co· so· a

pr6fin d~o luu song song v~

each dtrcmg Hl.m quay cua

thco hm ·va hu

LL N6i do~n AB Ve e[ic

ducmg tron bitn kinh va

chieu c~nh, Eltrcrng tam quay cil.a

dot;tn him kinh trong !lho nhat cua llru Rt = + ~ ( Hcv - ln\n kinh chan

Hinh Prtlfin dcm zi1m cua cl~o luu

(1-28)

tn)n b{m kinh HH va dt?.o hru

c.:{nh chfm v[t tren hinh

27

Prbfin USoJLl:U2 (banh Hli- tr!J h3.i)

7 Um6c cong noi bai

tron him kinh

du·ng 2.4

duang !ron ban k

u"ia doug chi'ty, lren hiwh g9i h\ l~:hn ~~p !t_rc ci'ta bimh l

ti~n tinh toiw, P tlmo

chr<:>c phfn1 thhnh Cl:'te thanh ph; (binh 1 : ll,!'O nang Py VUOi

v <'ri lru c'rng dong ch a y' ll,re di lheo Inning dong chay, h

pMp t uyen Pn vuong goc v6'i m

pbiing t~o b&i c{tc dfty cuog pr1 fin va !rrc tifp iuyen Pt nihn trOI

trong d6, ::;(t - goe ian tln,rc cua b:'tnh liti (!t\ g&'- giiht plmung doug chii.y va m~t

1Jh,1nn ! t:; dtli xt'nl'r ci'ta h ht'mh l1ii)

k - h~ so (.;<'m hang ci'ta b{mh liti

Ci'te h~ so n6i tn'n g9 i lit L:itc d~c tinh thity dong ct!a bctnh liti duy·c de d~nh

2 4 2 EJ(i.c tinh tluly d ~lng c1za bdnh l di c6 l (If!

Banh hti co l~p h\ bimh liti d(ll trong th)ng c:MI.l long vo h~m chlty qua Mnh liti Vtfi Vi).l1 toe V,= Vlt goc i£-tll OCt (chua Xl~t anh JmiJ-ng CUa lll~i thoitng, VO ltlll chan vjt den d(tc tinh thUy u(mg)

Anh Jm6ng c1!a h~ s(J k<!o d&i /,: khi /, > ;), d:,tng dm)·ng eong Cy {:zt) tln:rc ttf

khOng pht.t tlm(>c ), Khi OCt tiing tir 0 d~n l1l<)t irt so o:~ nho d<'>, · plu.t gila nhtr

tuyen tinh y:\o o:t Tl;li Cy d:,1L elr(.; d~.t i, sau do gii-'tm G6c gqi !it tan Uri h~n

B:!o hiun c:i'ta Cy theo :zt k~· hi~u lit a/, V 6·i /, r\'it l!'rn () = ,-, :- co), !rj st') l)'

thuyt:'t ciia a= lit (:z1 uo lJilng rndiall):

a== dCy \

do: \x=O /-.=oo Tln_rc: nghi~m v<'ri hiwh Hti co tam chau ln~ll vii dttiri c:ho bi;:;t a=:= (5,9 +

-: J,;)6) khi t = (0,(16 :- 0,21 )

tinh-(xem hinb 1.13 d~n 1.18) Tuy nhien v(ri 'A = 0,8, Cy (\Zt) viln co lh~ drrqc· coi la

tuyt:'n tinh a cite g6c :zt nhb Khi do:

a).,=

(ht I l'l ==0

(1-38)

Hlnh 1.15 D;Jc tlnh tht:y a¢ng ciw bimh Iai chu nh?t profin NACA~0012, /, = O, '5; t = 12%

a) Khi tiiU ch~y tU!n.; ~) Khi tau ch~y lui

ci1a ]J;'lllh h'ti lJinll chi!· nh

Hinh 1.17 B;).c tinh thuy d¢ng ct1a b:inh hi.i chrr nh?t profin NACA-0012;

A :::: 1; t = 12%

thi C, ((/.1) h~u nhrr giong nhau l.'r cite d:~ng pn)fin B{mh lt'd c6 A r1ho thi d:Jng

pro-in co anh lma11g l&n tM C.((/.t)· Profin c:6 chien dity lim nh~il t dmg gltn phia miii, d¢ cong phan mi1i va d(> JOi phan sau ciia profin c:lng lt'm rhi c, cang tang (khi xt < ('f.t)· Cbinh vi viJ.y gan d~ly h£tnh lid c<ln hung hty dt!llg pnd'in IfS62TR

va HS58TH

Chieu dr'ly trmng aoi t ci'w pr6fin tang trong JU\t ph<;tm vi nhat djnh thi

Cy h·ong do(Jn tuy~n tinh giam, nlmng X~ va L·ma:.: Uing [4J Tlnrcmg ngtr&i Ia coi

t tln,rc t{) khong anh htrang den Cy, ma chi iJ.nh hU'ong d~n chfit hrqng d~y Clla

chan vj L [8] B~ tang hi¢u suat d~y cua cMn vj!, chi ucn lay i vao khoang 15%

(M.nh lM san chan vtt), khong nen Hiy quil 2~J.% l\i.;u himh l;'d c6 chien

n)ng thay ddi thi chien di1y ciia tt'rng prOfin cilng dtrqc ihay d()i thco d~ dam hfto cho t khcmg d6i D~ng hinh 11<:~m cua h~'tnh Uti (chE'u dity tren Urn, du(··i he) ding

Hun tang Cy len d6i clrLtt [8]

n~n

glin dting (khi k

(1-39) trong d6 Xt tinh h~ng radian ; 0

a) Khi tim ch~y tien ; b) Kbi tau chllJ

H~ so momen Gm tlm?mg duqe Unh v6·i mep trtt&c cua hanh lai (C ) ho~c