GRE text completion sentence equivalence 4th edition

MANHATTAN PREP Text Completion & Sentence Equivalence GRE Strategy Guide This book contains important strategies for tackling Text Completion & Sentence Equivalence questions, two brand-new question formats on the new GRE Also included is a list of 1,000 likely-to-appear vocabulary words and proven strategies for mastering these words guide Text Completion & Sentence Equivalence GRE Strategy Guide, Fourth Edition 10-digit International Standard Book Number: 1-937707-89-X 13-digit International Standard Book Number: 978-1-937707-89-7 eISBN: 978-1-941234-19-8 Copyright © 2014 MG Prep, Inc ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this work may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or web distribution—without the prior written permission of the publisher, MG Prep, Inc Note: GRE, Graduate Record Exam, Educational Testing Service, and ETS are all registered trademarks of the Educational Testing Service, which neither sponsors nor is affiliated in any way with this product Layout Design: Dan McNaney and Cathy Huang Cover Design: Dan McNaney and Frank Callaghan Cover Photography: Amy Pierce INSTRUCTIONAL GUIDE SERIES Algebra Word Problems (ISBN: 978-1-93770783-5) (ISBN: 978-1-937707-90-3) Fractions, Decimals, & Percents Quantitative Comparisons & Data Interpretation (ISBN: 978-1-937707-87-3) (ISBN: 978-1-93770784-2) Geometry (ISBN: 978-1-93770785-9) Reading Comprehension & Essays (ISBN: 978-1-937707-88-0) Number Properties (ISBN: 978-1-93770786-6) Text Completion & Sentence Equivalence (ISBN: 978-1-937707-89-7) SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS 500 Essential Words: 500 Advanced Words: GRE® Vocabulary GRE® Vocabulary Flash Flash Cards Cards (ISBN: 978-1-935707-89-9) (ISBN: 978-1-935707-88-2) 500 GRE® Math Flash Cards 5lb Book of GRE® Practice Problems (ISBN: 978-1-937707-31-6) (ISBN: 978-1-937707-29-3) June 3rd, 2014 Dear Student, Thank you for picking up a copy of Text Completion & Sentence Equivalence I hope this book provides just the guidance you need to get the most out of your GRE studies As with most accomplishments, there were many people involved in the creation of the book you are holding First and foremost is Zeke Vanderhoek, the founder of Manhattan Prep Zeke was a lone tutor in New York when he started the company in 2000 Now, 14 years later, the company has instructors and offices nationwide and contributes to the studies and successes of thousands of GRE, GMAT, LSAT, and SAT students each year Our Manhattan Prep Strategy Guides are based on the continuing experiences of our instructors and students We are particularly indebted to our instructors Stacey Koprince, Dave Mahler, Liz Ghini Moliski, Emily Meredith Sledge, and Tommy Wallach for their hard work on this edition Dan McNaney and Cathy Huang provided their design expertise to make the books as user-friendly as possible, and Liz Krisher made sure all the moving pieces came together at just the right time Beyond providing additions and edits for this book, Chris Ryan and Noah Teitelbaum continue to be the driving force behind all of our curriculum efforts Their leadership is invaluable Finally, thank you to all of the Manhattan Prep students who have provided input and feedback over the years This book wouldn't be half of what it is without your voice At Manhattan Prep, we continually aspire to provide the best instructors and resources possible We hope that you will find our commitment manifest in this book If you have any questions or comments, please email me at dgonzalez@manhattanprep.com I'll look forward to reading your comments, and I'll be sure to pass them along to our curriculum team Thanks again, and best of luck preparing for the GRE! Sincerely, Dan Gonzalez President Manhattan Prep www.manhattanprep.com/gre 138 West 25th Street., 7th Floor, New York, NY 10001 Tel: 646-254-6479 Fax: 646-514-7425 TABLE of CONTENTS Introduction Text Completion Drills Solutions Sentence Equivalence Drills Solutions Learning Vocabulary Idioms & Metaphorical Language Drill Solutions Appendix A: Roots List Appendix B: 1,000 Words for the GRE symbiosis (noun) synoptic (adj) syntax (adj) Mutually dependent relationship between two organisms, people, groups, etc In biology, one example of symbiosis is when a small creature feeds off bugs that live on a larger creature, thus protecting the larger creature from discomfort and possibly disease / Although some celebrities complain about paparazzi, many have a symbiotic relationship with those same intrusive photographers—the paparazzi need to get paid, and the celebs need the photos to stay in the news Relating to a The movie studio had synopsis or interns read screenplays summary; giving a and write up synoptic general view outlines for the executives to review The rules Now that my linguistics governing class is studying syntax, grammar and how it makes a little more words join to sense when my computer make sentences flashes “SYNTAX (or how words ERROR” at me / and symbols join Anyone learning a in writing language is bound to computer code), make syntactical the study of these mistakes; even if he or rules, or any she knows the appropriate vocabulary, it tawdry (adj) tendentious (adj) terrestrial (adj) terse (adj) toady (noun) system or orderly is still difficult to arrangement assemble the words perfectly Gaudy, cheap or Tara modeled her prom cheap looking; look after something she indecent saw in a Pussycat Dolls video Her mom didn't care for it, but her grandmother found it downright tawdry Marked by a It's hard to become strong point of absorbed in the world of view, biased a fantasy novel when the author is so tendentious —the planet of Xerxon is clearly meant to mimic the United States, and the author's politics intrude on the story on every page Relating to the Some astronauts have Earth or to land; said that it's difficult to worldly focus on mundane, terrestrial issues after spending time in space Concise, brief and Hoping to talk to her to the point doctor at length about her (sometimes to the condition, she was point of rudeness) disappointed to be treated so tersely by a doctor who simply renewed her prescription and disappeared Someone who Look at that toady, token (noun, adj) tome (noun) tortuous (adj) flatters or acts in a servile manner for self-serving reasons Sign, symbol, mark, badge; souvenir, memento; coinlike disk used as currency for subways, arcade games, etc.; sample, or person, thing, idea taken to represent an entire group (noun); of very little or merely symbolic value (adj) Large or scholarly book; one of the volumes in a set of several books sucking up and offering to the boss's Christmas shopping for his kids Gross I am starting to realize that this law firm hired me to be its token woman There I am, smiling in all the ads, but I never actually get to work on important cases / I am giving you this “Best Friends Forever” necklace as a token of our friendship When she discovered that the books she needed for her paper were in the university's online system, she ended up lugging some truly impressive tomes back from the library She actually had to stop and rest twice on the way home Twisting, If I can follow your winding, complex; tortuous logic, you're devious, not saying that people who straightforward want the new law transgression (noun) travesty (noun) treacherous (adj) protecting the environment are actually hurting the environment because the majority of people deliberately the opposite of laws? What? / The children found the tortuous path of the roller coaster both terrifying and exciting Violation of a law, His transgression was so moral rule, order, serious that his family etc.; sin disowned him: no one would be visiting him in prison Exaggerated, That Saturday Night Live debased, or sketch was a pretty good grotesque travesty of the election imitation scandal / You call that a sales presentation? What you just did in front of our clients was a travesty! I can't believe you lost what was supposed to be an easy sale Betraying trust, Betraying one's country not faithful or for money is the most trustworthy; not base of acts—his dependable; treachery cost the lives of dangerous or several soldiers whom he deceptive had pledged to fight alongside / The small boat was capsized in the treacherous waters trenchant (adj) truculent (adj) tumultuous (adj) forceful or vigorous, effective, keen; caustic, sharp The school's trenchant new antitruancy policy immediately increased class attendance by a noticeable margin / Claudia would have gone on making excuses for hours had Juan not trenchantly stepped in and asked, “You want to quit, right?” “Yes!” she said, quite relieved Fierce, cruel, That guy is too truculent savage; to work in customer belligerent service; when the customers are already angry, the last thing this store needs is someone prone to blow up at any moment! Riotous, violently Poland's tumultuous agitated, marked history includes a Nazi by disturbance or invasion, a period of uproar; noisy, Soviet rule, and, well chaotic before that, over 120 years during which it was partitioned by Russia, Prussia, and Austria and simply didn't exist / She had been enjoying the game, but lost her hat, left earring, and keys in the tumult that resulted when fans went crazy over a referee's call turgid (adj) turpitude (noun) tyro (noun) umbrage (noun) Swollen, inflated; metaphorically “inflated,” such as in overblown, pompous speech His prose was so turgid he used the phrase “synchronous repast” to mean a lunch break / Terry carefully carried the turgid water balloons to the balcony, ready for a serious splash attack on members of the rival fraternity Depravity, Worried about her baseness of grandson's turpitude—as character, corrupt evinced by his constant or depraved acts detentions and a threeday stay in a juvenile jail —Mrs Worthington offered to pay for military school Beginner Kenneth felt called to work as a missionary, but he was really a tyro in the field, and was unprepared for many of the questions people asked him Offense or With 30 years’ annoyance experience in the field (usually as “take and quite recent umbrage,” successes on a variety of meaning become projects, the executive offended or understandably took annoyed) umbrage when a coworker suggested that he was good to have around to remind others of “ancient history.” unconscionable (adj) unsparing (adj) untempered (adj) upbraid (verb) usury (noun) Not guided by conscience; morally wrong, unjust, unreasonable It is unconscionable that you would deny your sister a bone marrow transplant knowing that you're the only person in the family who's a match Unmerciful, harsh The mother was (as in not sparing unsparing in praising her any criticism); son, so he was in for generous, lavish quite a shock when his (as in not sparing new teacher told him his any help or gifts work was substandard to others); Not toned down; The report was an not moderated, untempered controlled, or condemnation of the counterbalanced company's practices—the investigators didn't have a single good thing to say Find fault with, I'm not surprised they got criticize or scold divorced—you can't severely upbraid someone every time he forgets to put a water glass in the sink and then expect him to stick around Charging interest I can't see how that on a loan, esp payday lending place is charging illegally even legal—a person high or excessive borrowing $100 will end interest up paying over $150 interest in just a few months! Isn't that usury? vanguard (noun) variegated (adj) verdant (adj) verisimilitude (noun) Leading units at the front of an army; leaders in a trend or movement, people on the “cutting edge”; the forefront of a trend or movement Varied in color, having multicolored patches or spots; diverse While Google has won the search engine wars, in 1994, Yahoo was on the vanguard of search technology Unusually, the bridesmaids’ dresses were boldly variegated, having many different colors The bride reasoned that the dresses could be worn again “Rainbow goes with anything!” she said The bridesmaids privately agreed that they would never again wear those dresses as long as they lived Green, such as Having grown up in with vegetation, Ethiopia, Dabir loved the plants, grass, etc.; lushness of the verdant young and forests in rainy Oregon / inexperienced The first-year associate was a little too verdant to be assigned to the big case The appearance of The film manages to being true or real retain verisimilitude even though the plot is about a vernal vestige vex via vicissitude bunch of space aliens coming through a wormhole and enslaving humanity (adj) Relating to the Alma's favorite part of spring; fresh, gardening was the vernal youthful reawakening that followed a frozen winter (noun) Trace or sign of They hadn't officially something that broken up, but she felt once existed their relationship was running on fumes and that only vestiges of their former affection remained (verb) annoy or bother; “Don't vex me,” said the puzzle or distress nanny “Behave, or I'll tell your parents.” / She was totally vexed by the crossword clue—nine letters, starting with “b,” meaning “person whose socks are either scratchy or imbued with magical powers.” What? (preposition) Through, by We will be flying to means of, by way Russia via Frankfurt / of (by a route that Many of the students at goes through or our college got here via touches) special programs that assist low-income students in preparing for college (noun) Changes or While she scrubbed pots variations over time, esp regular changes from one thing to another and pans, she pondered the vicissitudes of life— she once had a house full of servants, and now was a maid herself “I'm old, not dead!” said Grandpa Enrique, full of vim and ready for his first bungee jump The virulence of this strain of influenza has the government worried that there won't be enough vaccine to go around / Discipline in the classroom is one thing, but the teacher's virulence towards misbehaving students was enough to get her suspended from teaching Ugh, what did you spill on this floor? It's too viscous to be absorbed by these paper towels Is this hair conditioner? After another embarrassing loss, the team's shortstop was full of vitriol for the coach who had led them to their worst season in history vim (noun) Pep, enthusiasm, vitality, lively spirit virulent (adj) Extremely infectious, poisonous, etc.; hateful, bitterly hostile viscid or viscous (adj) Thick, adhesive, or covered in something sticky vitriol (noun) vociferous (adj) Something highly caustic, such as criticism (literally, one of a number of chemicals including sulfuric acid) Noisily crying He has always been a out, as in protest voluble (adj) Easily fluent in regards to speech wan (adj) wanton (adj) Unnaturally pale or showing some other indication of sickness, unhappiness, etc.; weak, lacking forcefulness Reckless, vicious, without regard for what is right; unjustifiable, deliberately done for no reason at all; sexually unrestrained or excessively luxurious welter vociferous opponent of the estate tax, appearing on numerous news programs to rail against “double taxation.” The journalist's new book is a voluble tome, covering three centuries of history with numerous flowing, almost conversational asides into the scientific discoveries and cultural advances of various time periods Are you okay? You're looking wan / Juhn's wan attempt at asking for a raise was easily brushed off by his boss Kids like to play pranks on Halloween, but driving an SUV into people's mailboxes isn't a prank—it's wanton destruction of property / Many hip-hip videos depict a wanton lifestyle that is attractive to some, but unattainable (and possibly illegal!) (noun, verb) Confused mass or It said “thrift store,” but pile, jumble; inside it was just a welter confusion or of used clothing, draped turmoil (noun); roll around, wallow, toss about, writhe (verb) whet whitewash winnow winsome everywhere and even lying in piles / By the time the teacher broke up the fight, it was already pretty much over—the loser was weltering on the floor / They struggled to keep the sailboat afloat on the weltering sea (verb) Stimulate, make Dinner will take another keen or eager 20 minutes, but maybe (esp of an this cheese plate can whet appetite) your appetite? (noun, verb) A substance used The journalist accused to whiten walls, the government of trying wood, etc (noun); to whitewash the scandal deception, in order to protect the covering up of vice president's wrongs, errors, reputation misdeeds, etc (verb) (verb) Sift, analyze We got 120 résumés for critically, separate one job It's going to take the useful part me a while just to from the worthless winnow this down to a part reasonable stack of people we want to interview (adj) Charming, It's hard for some to engaging, esp in a believe that Lindsay sweet and Lohan, known for her innocent way current run-ins with the law, was once the wizened xenophobia yoke winsome young starlet in Freaky Friday (adj) Withered, Fortunately, the wizened shriveled heads for sale at the Ecuadorian market weren't really shrunken heads—just plastic souvenirs for tourists / The wizened old man still possessed a remarkably sharp mind (noun) Fear or hatred of My mother's xenophobia foreigners or that is so great that she which is foreign refuses to cross the border into Canada, and once told me that she'd rather die than try a mango because those foreign fruits are “sketchy.” (noun, verb) A burden or The speaker argued that something that humanity had traded the oppresses; a frame yoke of servitude to kings for attaching and tyrants for the yoke animals (such as of consumerism, which oxen) to each enslaves us just as much other and to a in the end plow or other equipment to be pulled (noun); to unite together or to burden (verb)