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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION PHAN THANH VIET THE RESEARCH OF THE TEXT OF NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Major: SINO - NOM Code: 9.22.01.04 DISSERTATION SUMMARY OF PHD THESIS IN PHILOLOGY Hanoi - 2022 THE DISSERTATION WAS COMPLETED AT HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION Supervisors 1: Supervisors 2: Prof Dr Ha Van Minh Prof Dr Nguyen Thanh Tung Reviewer 1: Prof Dr Dinh Khac Thuan Institute of Institute o studies Reviewer 2: Prof Dr Le Van Toan Sino-Nom Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics Reviewer 3: Prof Dr Vu Thanh Institute Of Literature Nguyễn Chí Thành The dissertation will be defended in the university committee: Hanoi National University Of Education Time: ……………… Date:…… The dissertation can be found at: - National Library of Vietnam - Learning Resource Center - Library of Hanoi National University Of Education INTRODUCTION Urgency of the research Nguyen Dynasty - the last dynasty of Vietnamese feudalism, has left many cultural and historical values for the nation Besides these values, the Nguyen Dynasty left behind a large number of literary works The literature of this period developed very prosperously, was a great period of medieval Vietnamese literature, with the policy of "use literature to rule the country" created many great authors Many of them came from the Royal family However, the literature of this period, especially the literature of the Nguyen Dynasty Royal family, has not been fully studied, commensurate with its inherent value Emperor Thieu Tri reigned for years (1841-1847), he left behind many works of various genres and contents, including: volumes of Ngu che thi, volumes of Ngu che van and volumes of Ngu che Bac tuan thi tap, Ngu che Vu cong thi tap, Ngu de hoi thi tap… Thieu Tri's poetry focuses on the art of puns, has achieved typical values of Poetics, with sincere content, written for the country, the people, the family and the motherland Works Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御 御 御 御 御 御 御 御 御 with unique poems, including many the cach 御御 (Poetry styles) used by Emperor Thieu Tri and especially those created by himself The work shows the intelligent art of puns, not only expressing a poetic soul of Thieu Tri but also having poetic value, with many literary works but so far his poetry has not been paid much attention, much research With these urgent reasons, after a process of documenting, we found that there has not been a research work that has gone into depth about the text of this work of Thieu Tri We decided to choose this work as the subject of our doctoral thesis: The research of the text of Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap Objects and scope of research 2.1 Research object - The object of research of the thesis is the text of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap In addition, it is also expanded to include works with compiled of Thieu Tri's compositions 2.2 Research scope Content scope: - Studying the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap: Author, text, content and artistic value of the work Material scope: - Survey materials are limited to the scope of search in libraries and archives: Institute of Sino-Nom studies, Hanoi; National Library of Vietnam; Institute of Social Sciences Information, Hanoi; National Storage Center IV, Dalat; Complex of Hue Monuments - Historical works: Dai Nam thuc luc; Dai Nam nhat thong chi, Dai Nam liet truyen, Chau ban Trieu Nguyen… - Published scientific research works with contents related to the research, including: monographs, reference books, research articles, information published in specialized magazine, theses… Research Methods The thesis uses the following research methods: Textual Methodology; Poetics Methodology; Field Methods; Interdisciplinary Methods In addition, we also use research operations such as: translation - annotation, statistics, charts, description, analysis, comparison… Research aims and tasks * Research aims: In-depth study of the text, understanding the cach thi phap 御 御 御 御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) and the value of the content of Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap Evaluate Thieu Tri as an Emperor based on history during his reign and as a literary author * Research tasks: - An overview of the studies related to the text of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap; introduce author Thieu Tri and his career - Conduct research on the text of the work, comment on the form of the text, determine the base version, revise and supplement the base version to serve the thesis and future research work - Find out the artistic value of the cach thi phap 御御御御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) of the work Through the work, initially evaluate Thieu Tri's contribution to the Vietnamese medieval poetics - Find out the outstanding features of the work based on the main literary point of Thieu Tri Contributions of the thesis When we carry out the research, the thesis will make the following contributions: - Give an overview of the research situation on Thieu Tri's work - Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap - Determine the base version, the text system and the current state of archiving of the work's text, and complete a text with full content to serve the thesis and further in-depth research - Elucidate Thieu Tri's contributions about the cach thi phap 御御 御 御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) for Vietnamese medieval poetics Explaining the value of the cach (Poetic Style) and finding out the value of the content of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap - Analyze the historical context of this period to comment and evaluate the contribution in literature and politics of Thieu Tri to contemporary society, stating the author's position in the history of Vietnamese medieval literature Thesis structure In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion and References; thethesis content consists of chapters: Chapter 1: RESEARCH SITUATION OVERVIEW AND AUTHOR INTRODUCTION Chapter 2: THE SURVEY OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Chapter 3: ARTISTIC VALUE OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Chapter 4: CONTENT VALUE OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Chapter 1: RESEARCH SITUATION OVERVIEW AND AUTHOR INTRODUCTION In this chapter, we initially summarize all the research works related to the topic and initially introduce the text of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap Introduce the biography, political and literary career of Thieu Tri.After that, make assessments and research directions for the thesis 1.1 Research situation overview 1.1.1 Ancient documentations have wrote out Thieu Tri's Ngu che poetry and the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap a Wrote in historical works: In this section, we initially research in two important historical works: Dai Nam thuc luc 御御御御 and Dai Nam nhat thong chi 御御御御御 b Sculpted on the temple: Poetry on the architecture of palaces and tombs is the soul of the ancient people About Thieu Tri's Ngu che poems sculpted on the temple, we focused on finding out at Long An Palace, that now is the Hue Museum of Royal Fine Arts directly under the Hue Monuments Conservation Center 1.1.2 Bibliographic and digitized on Thieu Tri’s Ngu che poetry work a About Thieu Tri Ngu che thi, according to the work Di san Han Nom Viet Nam thu muc de yeu - Tran Nghia and Francois Gros, Thieu Tri's Ngu che poetry is currently stored at The Institute of Sino-Nom Studies - Hanoi, including copies in print; has a table of contents, a title, a freface, a pettition, and the epilogue: Thieu Trị Ngu che thi, code: A.135/1-13;VHv.71/1-7;VHv.72/1-11;VHv.124/1,4,5 b About the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御 御御御御, has wrote out the following bibliographies: - A.3052: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御, print version of volume 1, archived at The Institute of Sino-Nom studies, Hanoi - A.1960: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御, manuscript, volumes, archived at The Institute of Sino-Nom studies, Hanoi - VHv.123: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御, manuscript, archived at The Institute of Sino-Nom studies, Hanoi - VHv.1165: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御 御, manuscript, archived at The Institute of Sino-Nom studies, Hanoi - A.1877: Ngu che co kim thi the tap sao, manuscript, archived at The Institute of Sino-Nom studies, Hanoi - R.1597: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御, print version of index volume, archived at The National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi - R.1598: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御, print version of third volume, archived at The National Library of Vietnam, Hanoi - Woodblock of work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御 御 御 御 御 御 御 is being preserved at The National Storage Center IV, Dalat In the study of Moc ban trieu Nguyen - De muc tong quan, there were statistics on the number and codes of the texts of Thieu Tri’s Ngu Che poetry which are currently stored at The National Storage Center IV, Dalat 1.1.3 Research on the biography and literary career of Thieu Tri a About the author Researches in books, theses, theses, and scientific articles have briefly mentioned Thieu Tri's biography However, these studies only provide an overview of his life and career without detailed analysis of each aspect of his life and contributions to the country in the field of national governance and literature b About literary career The literary career has not been studied to match the great literary legacy of Thieu Tri 1.1.4 Research on the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap About the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御 御御御; in terms of text, there has never been any in-depth research; In terms of content value, artistic value, the research has only stopped at certain poems 1.2 Author Thieu Tri 1.2.1 The biography and political career Emperor Thieu Tri ( 御 御 御 御 , 1807-1847), alias Nguyen Phuc Mien Tong, was originally named Dung, when he ascended the throne, he took the name Nguyen Phuc Tuyen, the eldest son of Emperor Minh Mang and his mother Ho Thi Hoa He was crowned Emperor in 1841, at the age of 34 He reigned for years and died in 1847 when he was 41 years old, burial in Xuong Lang 1.2.2 Overview of Thieu Tri's literary career a Collection of poems: Thieu Tri Ngu che thi is a biggest collection of poems by Emperor Thieu Tri with diverse contents, divided into main poetry collections A total of poetry collections with 55 volumes; a catalog of 16 volumes, includes 2,946 poems There are also separately edited poetry collections such as: Ngu che Bac tuan thi tap; Ngu de hoi thi tap; Ngu che co kim The cach Thi phap tap… It is important to note that these separate collections of poems are all found in Ngu che thi In addition, 683 poems in the collection Chi Thien Duong hoi tap were composed before the throne, so they not be included in the biggest collection Therefore, the total number of Thieu Tri’s poems is about 3,647 poems b Collection of prose and other genres: Include: Thieu Tri Ngu che van tap; Thieu Tri van quy; Ngu che lich dai su tong luan 1.2.3 Introduction of the work Ngu che co kim the cach Thi phap tap Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御 is one of the typical works in Thieu Tri's literary career This work was promulgated Thieu Tri to the Cabinet to extract from Thieu Tri Ngu che Thi, including 157 poems composed in about 72 The cach 御 御 (poetry styles), including 57 The cach co kim 御御御御 (Classical and Modern poetry styles) and 15 The cach Tan sang 御 御 御 御 (Self created styles) 1.3 Research direction of the thesis With the current status of many defects between the texts and archiving of the work's text, within the scope of the topic "The research of the text of Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap" we will study in depth the textual problem of the work Restoring the work's text in a more comprehensive and specific way by used method of comparison, determine the base version, complete a text with full content and assessing the value of the work from the perspective of a researcher of Philology - Sino Nom The thesis will study in-depth the artistic characteristics of the cach thi phap 御御御御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) and the value of the 2.3 Examine the differences between the texts, determine, revise and supplement the base version 2.3.1 Examine the differences between the texts, determine the base version In the existing texts of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御 , the woodblock print is the original source because it is dated at the same time as the author, and was carved woodblock in 7th year of Thieu Tri's reign (1847), so far (in 2021) has been 174 years, the best version is considered the base version for comparison The examination will be conducted on the comparison between texts, woodblock print, and prints (first volume A.3052; index volume R.1597; third volume R.1598); manuscript A.1960 All content is compared with Thieu Tri Ngu che thi because this is the original source of Thieu Tri's poetry Through the examination, it is shown that the woodblock print is the best among the texts, satisfied the objective requirements of a standard text for research Therefore, we decided to choose the woodblock print of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御 御御御御御御御御 as the base version and to serve this research 2.3.2 Revise and supplement the base version This work is to verify and supplement the content of the text that the woodblock print is missing due to loss, in order to have the most complete text to serve the in-depth research on the value of the content and artistic value of the work Additional content is specifically listed in “Table 2.3: Supplement the base version” (Please read the full thesis) After correcting and supplementing the content for the base version, we proceeded to restore the missing pages 11 2.4 Study the structure of the text Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap After completing the content for the base version, we conducted a survey and analysis the structure of each volume, each page of Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap’s text 2.4.1 Study the Expression The content of the article the Expression clearly states that the most important meaning of compiling a work is to issue it to clarify the application of the culture, using literature to rule the country 2.4.2 Study the titles of poems The work has titles to the composition and article of value equivalent to the afterword, presenting the modes at the end of the work 2.4.3 Study the content of the work 2.4.3.1 Index volume The book is 28x15cm in size, includes 45 sheets, each sheet has two pages a and b, 90 pages, excluding the cover page The book has covers in vermilion color, the first cover has the title: Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap; stamp: The Thien Hanh Kien and Thieu Tri Than Han 2.4.3.2 First volume First volume has a total of 47 sheets, each of pages is 94 pages 2.4.3.3 Second volume Second volume has a total of 38 sheets, each of pages is 76 pages 2.4.3.4 Third volume Third volume has a total of 44 sheets, each of pages is 88 pages Conclusion for chapter 2: 12 We have studied the structure of content, statistics of the total number of poems and the styles of each volume of the work, and have given specific results: first volume - 83 poems and title; second volume - 40 poems and title; third volume - 30 poems, title and vignette The collection of poems has 157 poems in total All poems is fully and accurately compared with the work Thieu Tri Ngu che thi (Please read the entire study content in the full thesis) Chapter 3: ARTISTIC VALUE OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP This chapter initially gives Thieu Tri's perspective about the cach thi phap 御 御 御 御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) Studied and explained the artistic value of the cach co kim (Classical and Modern poetry styles) and Tan sang (self - created styles) used by Thieu Tri in his poetry collection Thereby, pointed out the thi hoc (Poetic) value of the work and Thieu Tri's intention when compiled this collection of poems 3.1 Thieu Tri's perspective about the cach thi phap 體體體體 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) Thi hoc 御御 (Poetics) is the study of poetry, the field of science that takes poetry as an object of study In which, the cach thi phap 御御 御 御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) is a field of study of Poetics Regarding Poetics, it is based on the elements constituting poetry such as: poetry style, poetry rule, vocabulary, syntax, rhyming, and literary quotation that summarizes into artistic laws The cach 御御, is understood to refer to poetic forms, ways and methods of poetic composition In this study, we rely on Thieu Tri's 13 own work and related data to initially make judgments about the cach and Thieu Tri's perspective About the 御: also called thi the 御御, means the genre, style, and form of a poem The has specific characteristics, has its own laws and named according to the laws of the form, style About cach 御: also known as Poetry rule, means the standard, way of composing, and the 御 御 御 rhyming’s rules to apply when composing poetry In this way, cach is not a certain poetic form, but rather the standard law, the rhyming’s rules used in a poetic form but existed structurally independent cach 御 is considered a subcategory, a separate part and exists parallel with the 御 in the same poem Thieu Tri especially emphasized the study of poetic composition method He focused on the cach thi phap 御御御御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style), seeing this as a measure of literary creation 3.2 The cach thi phap co kim 3.2.1 Overview of the cach thi phap co kim (Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) The cach thi phap co kim 御 御 御 御 御 御 (Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) refers to the methods of poetry composition, means The 御 , Cach 御 of the past and present In the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap, Thieu Tri used 57 styles, example: Can the 御御 - Modern style; Co the 御御 - Classical style; Minh 御 - Inscription; So Tu 御御 - Poetry of the South; Tam ngu that ngon the 御御御御御 - Three five seven character style; Hoi van the 御御御 - Palindrome style; Lien hoan the 御御御 - Chain style; Ly hop the 御御御 - Acrostic style; Hoa diem the 御御御 - Flame style… 3.2.2 Interpretation of the cach thi phap co kim (Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) 14 To interpret means to analyze and decipher, because the 御 and cach 御 are extremely diverse in terms of form and 御 御 御 rhyming’s rules Each the cach 御 御 has its own specific rules, but in general, they are all operated around the change in rhyming’s rules The work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap has about 57 the cach co kim, when Thieu Tri used them to compose, sometimes he reformed calligraphy, making the styles more diverse and unpredictable In the scope of the abstract we only introduced about Hoi van kiem Lien hoan the 御 御 御 御 御 御 - Palindrome and Chain combined style (For details, please read the full thesis) Hoi van the kiem Lien hoan 御御御御御御- Palindrome and Chain combined style: Thieu Tri used a combination of the two style are Hoi van 御 御 (Palindrome) and Lien hoan 御 御 (Chain) style to composed the poem Vu trung son thuy 御御御御 In terms of form, the poem consists of 56 Chinese characters arranged in a trigram with concentric circles Used Hoi van the kiem Lien hoan 御 御 御 御 御 御 (Palindrome and Chain combined style), Luat Bang Trac 御御御 - Pingze format, four Van 御- tonal patterns, left and right read into 64 five and seven character poems - Hoi van the 御 御 御 (Palindrome style) is a special rhetorical method of Chinese characters that uses the form of reversible word order, repetition, rotation in terms of writing, all of which can be combined into sentences and still obey the 御御御 rhyming’s rules This form of word arrangement is based on a special property unique to Chinese characters, which is the monosyllabic character - About Lien hoan the 御 御 御 (Chain style): the sentences and words in the poem are consecutively followed and rotated in a circle Therefore, when combined two style will ensure the continuity 15 rotation into a closed circular cycle, made the poem become a unified whole - About “Bang trac, tu van”, that means Luat bang trac 御御御 Ping-ze format and four Van 御 - tonal patterns are binh 御, thuong 御, khu 御, and nhap 御; the four van 御 - tonal patterns in the poem are Canh - Chan - San - Dang, in the book Boi Van Van Phu 御御御御 Peiwen Yunfu The arrangement of poem’s Chinese characters in concentric circles with the shape of a trigram, the purpose is to read the poem reversible, consecutive, rotate closely without interruption and the meaning of the poem does not change 3.3 The cach thi phap tan sang (self - created styles) 3.3.1 Statistical overview of the cach thi phap tan sang 御御御御御 御 (self - created styles) In this collection of poems, we have found 15 the cach tan sang 御御御御 (self - created styles): Toan chuyen chu hoan the 御御御御御, Bat ngon the 御御御, That chinh cach 御御御… This is considered a special feature of Thieu Tri's literary career 3.3.2 Interpretation of the cach thi phap tan sang (self created styles) We proceed to present the concept and interpretation of the cach tan sang 御御御御 (self - created styles), but in the scope of the abstract, we only introduced about Toan chuyen chu hoan the 御御御御御 (For details, please read the full thesis) Toan chuyen chu hoan 御御御御御 is a poetic form created by Thieu Tri and used in the poem Tri duong so lam thuy ta phong ngam 御御御御御御御御御御 This is a poem that uses luat bang trac 御御御Ping-ze format, eight van 御 - tonal patterns, rotate left and right to see interesting things Left and right read into 96 five and seven character poems, all of them also obey the rhyming’s rules 御御御 The 16 poem has 56 words, using the rhymes in Boi van van phu 御御御御 Peiwen Yunfu, only the reading method is different - Toan chuyen 御御, also known as Ta toan huu chuyen 御御御御 rotates left and rotates right, poem’s sentences read in a flexible way, right and left, not a straight line - Chu hoan 御御 means to go around, words and sentences can be read in a continuous circle Combining the rules of two form, Toan chuyen chu hoan 御 御 御 御 御 means reading rotating left and right, flexibly reading sentences, and rotating around - Eight van 御 - tonal patterns are: 1- Tien 御御御御御; 14 - Diem 御御 御御御御; 25 - Huu 御御御御御御; 29 - Ham 御御御御御御; - Tong 御御御御; Dong 御御御御御; 10 - Chung 御御御御御; - Tri 御御御御 For Toan chuyen chu hoan 御御御御 or Hoi van lien hoan 御御御御 forms, the first thing necessary is the author's literary talent, an understanding of the cach 御御, and the rhyming’s rules 御御御 The second is how to choose the theme of composition, choose the words in the tonal patterns suitable to the topic, and apply the cach 御 御 to build the poem's graphic structure 3.4 The Poetic value of the work - Value of the cach thi phap 御御御御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style): Thieu Tri's purpose for compiling the work Ngu che co kim The cach Thi phap tap is to promote the use of the 御 and cach 御 in literary creation The fact that Thieu Tri absorbed China’s the cach thi phap co kim 御御御御御御 (Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) and 15 the cach 御 御 created by himself, enriched the cach thi phap 御 御 御 御 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) of Vietnamese medieval poetics in particular and Classical and Modern poetics in general - Political value from a literary perspective: Thieu Tri compiled this work and tonal pattern book Thieu Tri van quy, to create a 17 typical literature of Dai Nam, independent of the cach 御御 and tonal pattern 御 He wanted to create basic books suitable to the Vietnamese's point of view of composition, convenient for searching and composing poetry without having to waste time searching in China’s Dictionaries and Yunfu Conclusion for chapter 3: Thi hoc (Poetics - 御御) is the study of poetry and discussion of poetry Thi phap (Poetics - 御御) is a concept that refers to methods of poetic composition, which is a study part of thi hoc (Poetics - 御御) The concept of the cach thi phap (御御御御) in the title of a work means the rules and methods to composed poetry Through the study of the cach thi phap co kim 御御御御御御 (Classical and Modern poetry styles, poetry rules) of the work, it is clear that Thieu Tri's independent sense of the cach 御御 and rhyming’s rules 御御御 was as an Emperor and a researcher of thi hoc (Poetics - 御御) Chapter 4: CONTENT VALUE OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP This work is an extract from Thieu Tri Ngu che thi, but it is still an independent work We studied the value of content to clarify Thieu Tri's point of view in his composition as an Emperor, he used literature to rule the country, and at the same time as a poet who loved literature, nature and motherland 4.1 The point of view of literary composition 4.1.1 Perspectives on Vietnamese literary composition in the Middle Ages During the Middle Ages, the point of view of poets and scholars in composing poetry was “御御御御 - Poems expressing own volition” 18 4.1.2 Thieu Tri's point of view in literary composition Firstly, Thieu Tri absorbed and was influenced by the thought “ 御御御御 - Poems expressing own volition”, which is clearly shown when he also said that: "Poetry in the head is thinking, saying it out is poetry" [ĐNTL, tr.979] Second, as an Emperor, he emphasized that writing poetry is to educate and rule the country This is reflected in the use of poetry to stabilize the country, using poetry to teach students, to educate all nations, and to establish a prosperous country 4.1.3 The relationship between content and the cach thi phap Firstly, the technical cohesion using poetic methods, properly harmonizing the law of tone in literary composition Second, the relationship is expressed in aesthetics and decorative arts Readers not simply enjoy the content but are raised to a new level as a work of art with bold artistic elements 4.2 Content of literary composition as an Emperor 4.2.1 Applying Confucian philosophy in governing the country and keeping the people safe The Nguyen Dynasty ruled the country with Confucianism as the root and Thieu Tri himself was also clearly planned by his father Minh Mang, the way to rule the country according to this philosophy He followed Confucian thought in the Four Books, the Five Classics according to the teachings of his father, taking that as the principle of governing the country and the people, making the country prosperous and peaceful 4.2.2 Use literature to rule the country When the Emperor wrote poetry, the literary intention was often not only to express his thoughts or describe the scene, but the most important thing was to use literature to rule the country 19 4.2.3 Love the nations, take care of agriculture Rule the country according to the Emperor Minh Mang’s thought - "Love the nations, take care of agriculture", always wholeheartedly taking care of the people In poetry is a longing for favorable crops, he was happy when he heard that the rice was in harvest, the people would be full; and he was also saddened when he heard that pests and diseases were destroyed, the flood waters rose, causing unfavorable crops 4.3 Content of literary composition as a poet 4.3.1 The love for Father king Thieu Tri was always filial to Father king Whether he was a prince or after he ascended the throne, he always had a respect, never disagreed, always stayed close to his father to learn, kept filial piety Two poems Reminiscence - 御御 expressed the nostalgia for his father 4.3.2 The image of people and nature in Thieu Tri's poetry In Thieu Tri's poetry, he clearly shows his love and sympathy for the plight of the people The image of man in his poetry appears idyllic It is the image of the buffalo herder, the image of the woodcutter chopping wood on the mountain, the image of the old fisherman fishing on the river, the chorus of the children's chanting echoes from the distant village is an Emperor, but in his poetry has the extraordinary simplicity All the daily life features are reflected in Thieu Tri's poetry Conclusion for chapter 4: Chapter mentioned two main points of Thieu Tri's composition, is the education, governance and “ 御 御 御 御 - Poems expressing own volition” These two were expressed throughout his works as an Emperor and a poet 20 21 CONCLUSIONS Through studying the text of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御 御 御 御 御 御 御 御 御 , the thesis has clarified some of the following issues Overview of scientific researches on the text of Thieu Tri Ngu che thi As for the text of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御, we have initially generalized related studies but only at the level of a few poems, that have not yet gone deep into the text and value Based on the historical books Dai Nam thuc luc Chinh bien tam ky, we have briefly introduced the biography of the author, and reviewed a few features of the author's political career Based on the historical work Dai Nam thuc luc Chinh bien, tam ky, we have briefly introduced the biography of the author, and reviewed a few features of the author's political career The thesis outlines the overall literary career of Thieu Tri, including 12 collections of Ngu che poems, Collection of Ngu che prose, the book Thieu Tri van quy, Ngu che lich dai su tong luan… with 3,647 poems and many proses The thesis uses the methods of examination, contrasting literature, fieldwork and interdisciplinary methods to study the text of the work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御 We have in turn studied texts from different sources, determined that the woodblock print stored at The National Storage Center IV is the base version for research purposes The thesis initially studies and interprets the core problem of the poetry collection, that is the value of the cach thi phap 御 御 御 御 22 (Poetry rule, Poetry style) Thi phap (Poetics - 御御) is a concept that refers to methods of poetic composition, which is a study part of thi hoc (Poetics - 御御 ) the 御, also called thi the 御御 , means the genre, style, and form of a poem; cach 御: also known as 御御 Poetry rule, means the standard, way of composing, and the rhyming’s rules to apply when composing poetry The 御 and cach 御 are structurally independent but coexist in a poem In short, the cach 御御 is a general category of methods that constitute a literary work The work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御 has about 57 the cach co kim 御御御御 (Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) and 15 the cach tan sang 御 御 御 御 (self - created styles) In it, we have interpreted and analyzed 57 the cach co kim 御 御御御(Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) and 13 the cach tan sang 御御御御 (self - created styles) The thesis clarifies two points of view of Thieu Tri's literary composition The first is the education and governance, this is the difference between an Emperor's poetry and ordinary poets Secondly, “Poems expressing own volition”, with the soul of a poet, his poems carry sentimental thoughts of love for natural landscapes, expressing rustic and sincere feelings The work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap 御御御御御御御御御 is a representative representative of Thieu Tri's poetic career and thi hoc (Poetics - 御御) talent, to discover the full artistic value of thi hoc (Poetics - 御御) requires more in-depth research on the work Thieu Tri is a great author of Vietnamese Medieval literature, we suggest that in the Literary Dictionary, Textbook, his poetic works should be included in research and teaching, so that the next generations will 23 understand a great author and understand the value of the Nguyen Dynasty's literary to the national culture 24 THE AUTHOR'S DISCLOSED SCIENTIFIC WORKS RELATED TO THE THESIS Phan Thanh Viet (2020), “Study two Inscriptions according to a circular diagram in Thieu Tri's collection of poems Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap” Sino-Nom Studies in 2020 Conference Papers, The Gioi Publishers Phan Thanh Viet (2020), “Initially studying the inscriptions Ngu dien van bao minh of Emperor Thieu Tri at Long An Palace”, Research and teaching of Literary works by genre, Science Conference Papers, Hanoi National University Of Education Publishers Phan Thanh Viet (2021), “Political and literary career of Emperor Thieu Tri, Collection of Literature studies - Volume 5, Hanoi National University Of Education Publishers Phan Thanh Viet (2021), “Emperor Thieu Tri and his imprint with Phu Xuan Buddhism”, Literature and Language in the Contemporary World - Identity and Integration, Science Conference Papers, Faculty of Philology-Hanoi National University of Education Phan Thanh Viet, 2022, “Literary career of Thieu Tri and his imprint with Phu Xuan – Hue Buddhism”, Scientific Journal of Hanoi Metropolitan University, No 58 Phan Thanh Viet, 2022, “Study of texts and learn about the poetic value work Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap of Thieu Tri's”, Han Nom Journal, No (172) 2022 25 ... WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Chapter 3: ARTISTIC VALUE OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Chapter 4: CONTENT VALUE OF THE WORK NGU CHE CO KIM THE CACH THI PHAP TAP Chapter... genres: Include: Thieu Tri Ngu che van tap; Thieu Tri van quy; Ngu che lich dai su tong luan 1.2.3 Introduction of the work Ngu che co kim the cach Thi phap tap Ngu che co kim the cach thi phap tap... literary creation 3.2 The cach thi phap co kim 3.2.1 Overview of the cach thi phap co kim (Classical and Modern poetry style, poetry rule) The cach thi phap co kim 御 御 御 御 御 御 (Classical and