1 Read the text and choose the best answer There is a common expression in English language referring to a blue moon When people say that something happens only once in blue moon,” they mean that it happens only very rarely, once in a great while This expression has been around for at least a century and a half; there are references to this expression that date from the second half of the nineteenth century The expression a blue moon has come to refer to the second full moon occurring in any.
1 Read the text and choose the best answer There is a common expression in English language referring to a blue moon When people say that something happens "only once in blue moon,” they mean that it happens only very rarely, once in a great while This expression has been around for at least a century and a half; there are references to this expression that date from the second half of the nineteenth century The expression " a blue moon" has come to refer to the second full moon occurring in any given calendar month A second full moon is not called a blue moon because it is particularly blue or is any different in hue from the first full moon of the month Instead, it is called a blue moon because it is so rare- The moon needs a little more than 29 days to complete the cycle from full moon to full moon Because every month except Febmary has more than 29 days, every month will have at least one full moon (except February, which will have a full moon unless there is a full moon at the very end of January and another full moon at the very beginning of March) It is or the occasion when a given calendar month has a second full moon that a blue moon occurs This does not happen very often, only three or four times in a decade The blue moons of today are called blue moons because of their rarity and not because of their color however, the expression “blue moon” may have come into existence in reference to unusual circumstances in which the moon actually appeared blue Certain natural phenomena of gigantic proportions can actually change the appearance of the moon from Earth The eruption of the Krakatao volcano in 1883 left dust particles in the atmosphere, which clouded the sun and gave the moon a bluish tint This particular occurrence of the blue moon may have given rise to the expression that we use today Another example occurred more than a century later When Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines in 1991, the moon again took on a blue tint Which of the following might be the date of a “blue moon"? December 31 Choose the most suitable headings for the paragraph An intellectual breakthrough, brilliant though it may be, does not automatically ensure that the transition is made from theory to practice Despite the fact that rockets had been used sporadically for several hundred years, they remained a relatively minor artefact of civilisation until the twentieth century Prodigious efforts, accelerated during two world wars, were required before the technology of primitive rocketry could be translated into the reality of sophisticated astronauts It is strange that the rocket was generally ignored by writers of fiction to transport their heroes to mysterious realms beyond the Earth, even though it had been commonly used in fireworks displays in China since the thirteenth century The reason is that nobody associated the reaction principle with the idea of travelling through space to a neighbouring world How the reaction principle Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: How the reaction principle vì: The reason is that nobody associated the reaction principle with the idea of travelling through space to a neighbouring world Read the text and choose the best answer De Vany views the body as non-linear and dynamic and says exercise should mix order and chaos 'Chronic aerobic exercise overstrains the heart, reducing the chaotic variation in the heart rate which is essential to health,' he says Likewise, most weight training is governed too much by routine and is too timeconsuming He gives his own workout a chaotic character with ascending weights and descending repetitions To these brief but intense gym workouts he adds a wide variety of other activities that vary randomly in intensity and duration These include roller blading, bicycling, walking, sprinting, tennis, basketball, power walking, hitting softballs and trekking with a grandson on his shoulders Which TWO opposing factors does De Vany say an exercise programmeshould include? Đáp án đúng: order and chaos Vì: exercise should mix order and chaos De Vany's advice to the modern exercise freak is to cut duration and frequency, and increase intensity 'Our muscle fibre composition reveals that we are adapted to extreme intensity of effort,' says De Vany, a professor of economics at the Institute of Mathematical Behavioral Sciences at the University of California, Irvine His approach to fitness combines Darwinian thinking with his interest in chaos theory and complex systems In the paragraph, De Vany recommends that people should… Chọn câu trả lời: a give their muscles more time to recover from exercise b exercise less frequently c exercise harder but for less time Câu trả lời d learn more about how the human body reacts to exercise Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: exercise harder but for less time Vì: De Vany's advice to the modern exercise freak is to cut duration and frequency, and increase intensity Read the text and choose the best answer De Vany's advice to the modern exercise freak is to cut duration and frequency, and increase intensity 'Our muscle fibre composition reveals that we are adapted to extreme intensity of effort,' says De Vany, a professor of economics at the Institute of Mathematical Behavioral Sciences at the University of California, Irvine His approach to fitness combines Darwinian thinking with his interest in chaos theory and complex systems This new science, which De Vany calls evolutionary fitness, is part of growing efforts to understand how the human body has been shaped by evolution, and to use this knowledge to improve our health and fitness Proponents believe the key lies in the lifestyle of our hunter-gatherer ancestors because, they say, the vast majority of the human genome is still adapted to an ancient rhythm of life which swung between intense periods of activity and long stretches of inertia What term does De Vany use to describe his approach to physicalexercise? Chọn câu trả lời: a evolutionary fitness Câu trả lời b ancient rhythm c growing efforts d health and fitness Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: evolutionary fitness Vì: He uses the term which refers to ” This new science” Read the text and choose the best answer The hunter-gatherer lifestyle indicates that women should exercise only a little less intensely than men, says De Vany 'Women are opportunistic hunters who go after small game when they come across it They also climb trees to capture honey and snare birds And have you ever seen how much work it is to dig out a deep tuber?' Women benefit enormously from strength work, he says It increases their bone density and they get and stay leaner by building muscle mass 'Today's women are so weak [compared with their female ancestors].' Of course, people vary De Vany acknowledges that our ancestors were adapted to a variety of terrains and climates Cordain points out that genetic differences between populations lead to different physical strengths East Africans, for example, seem to be better endurance runners, West Africans better sprinters But human genetic similarity greatly outweighs the variations And because our genes have changed so very little since Palaeolithic times, if you want to be a lean, mean, survival machine why not try exercising like a caveman? The importance of genetic differences in deciding on an exercise programme is minimal Chọn câu trả lời: a TRUE Câu trả lời b NOT GIVEN c FALSE Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: TRUE Vì: human genetic similarity greatly outweighs the variations Read the text and choose the best answer De Vany views the body as non-linear and dynamic and says exercise should mix order and chaos 'Chronic aerobic exercise overstrains the heart, reducing the chaotic variation in the heart rate which is essential to health,' he says Likewise, most weight training is governed too much by routine and is too timeconsuming He gives his own workout a chaotic character with ascending weights and descending repetitions To these brief but intense gym workouts he adds a wide variety of other activities that vary randomly in intensity and duration These include roller blading, bicycling, walking, sprinting, tennis, basketball, power walking, hitting softballs and trekking with a grandson on his shoulders Which type of exercise does De Vany practise on a regular basis? Chọn câu trả lời: a weight training Câu trả lời b aerobic exercise c trekking d hitting softballs Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: weight training Vì: most weight training is governed too much by routine and is too timeconsuming Read the text and choose the best answer Niagara Falls, one of the most famous North American natural wonders, has long been a popular tourist destination Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara Falls: the 173-foothigh Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the Niagara River in the Canadian province of Ontario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S side of the river in the state of New York Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American Falls Most visitors come between April and October, and it is quite a popular activity to take a steamer out onto the river and right up to the base of the falls for a close-up view It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from the strategic locations along the Niagara River, such as Prospect Point or Table Rock, or from one of the four observation towers which have heights up to 500 feet Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large numbers since the 1800s; annual visitation now averages above 10 million visitors per year Because of concern that all these tourists would inadvertently destroy the natural beauty of this scenic wonder, the state of New York in 1885 created Niagara Falls Park in order to protect the land surrounding American Falls A year later Canada created Queen Victoria Park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horseshoe Falls With the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area The word "flock” in paragraph could best be replaced by Chọn câu trả lời: a come by plane b come without knowing what they will see c come out of boredom d come in large numbers Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: come in large numbers Vì: it’s the most suitable 10 Read the text and choose the best answer Niagara Falls, one of the most famous North American natural wonders, has long been a popular tourist destination Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara Falls: the 173-foothigh Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the Niagara River in the Canadian province of Ontario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S side of the river in the state of New York Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American Falls Most visitors come between April and October, and it is quite a popular activity to take a steamer out onto the river and right up to the base of the falls for a close-up view It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from the strategic locations along the Niagara River, such as Prospect Point or Table Rock, or from one of the four observation towers which have heights up to 500 feet Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large numbers since the 1800s; annual visitation now averages above 10 million visitors per year Because of concern that all these tourists would inadvertently destroy the natural beauty of this scenic wonder, the state of New York in 1885 created Niagara Falls Park in order to protect the land surrounding American Falls A year later Canada created Queen Victoria Park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horseshoe Falls With the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area What is the major point that the author is making in this passage? Chọn câu trả lời: a A trip to the United States isn't complete without a visit to Niagara Falls b Niagara Falls can be viewed from either the American side or the Canadian side c It has been necessary to protect Niagara Falls from the many tourists who go there Câu trả lời d Niagara Falls has had an interesting history Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: It has been necessary to protect Niagara Falls from the many tourists who go there Vì: With the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area 11 Read the text and choose the best answer Niagara Falls, one of the most famous North American natural wonders, has long been a popular tourist destination Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara Falls: the 173-foothigh Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the Niagara River in the Canadian province of Ontario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S side of the river in the state of New York Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American Falls Most visitors come between April and October, and it is quite a popular activity to take a steamer out onto the river and right up to the base of the falls for a close-up view It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from the strategic locations along the Niagara River, such as Prospect Point or Table Rock, or from one of the four observation towers which have heights up to 500 feet Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large numbers since the 1800s; annual visitation now averages above 10 million visitors per year Because of concern that all these tourists would inadvertently destroy the natural beauty of this scenic wonder, the state of New York in 1885 created Niagara Falls Park in order to protect the land surrounding American Falls A year later Canada created Queen Victoria Park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horseshoe Falls With the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area The passage implies that tourists prefer to Chọn câu trả lời: a see the falls from a great distance b take a ride over the falls c visit Niagara Falls during warmer weather Câu trả lời d come to Niagara Falls for a winter vacation Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: visit Niagara Falls during warmer weather Vì: Most visitors come between April and October 12 Read the text and choose the best answer This new science, which De Vany calls evolutionary fitness, is part of growing efforts to understand how the human body has been shaped by evolution, and to use this knowledge to improve our health and fitness Proponents believe the key lies in the lifestyle of our hunter-gatherer ancestors because, they say, the vast majority of the human genome is still adapted to an ancient rhythm of life which swung between intense periods of activity and long stretches of inertia Across the Palaeolithic age - which covers the period between 2.6 million and 10,000years ago - prey animals were large, fast on their feet, or both For men, this would have meant lots of walking or jogging to find herds, dramatic sprints, jumps and turns, perhaps violent struggles, and long walks home carrying the kill Women may not have had such intense exercise, but they would have spent many hours walking to sources of water or food, digging up tubers, and carrying children If modern hunter-gatherers are anything to go by, men may have hunted for up to four days a week and travelled 15 kilometres or more on each trip Women may have gathered food every two or three days There would also have been plenty of other regular physical activities for both sexes such as skinning animals and tool making, and probably dancing Which one of the following does the writer highlight when discussing the lifestyle of our Palaeolithic ancestors Chọn câu trả lời: a the sudden movements required during their daily activities Câu trả lời b the aggressive nature of their negotiations with others c their size compared to that of modern man d the fact that life was equally energetic for both sexes Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: the sudden movements required during their daily activities Vì: dramatic sprints, jumps and turns, perhaps violent struggles, and long walks home carrying the kill many hours walking to sources of water or food, Câu hỏi 12 Read the text and choose the best answer Niagara Falls, one of the most famous North American natural wonders, has long been a popular tourist destination Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara Falls: the 173-foothigh Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side of the Niagara River in the Canadian province of Ontario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S side of the river in the state of New York Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over Horseshoe Falls, with the rest going over American Falls Most visitors come between April and October, and it is quite a popular activity to take a steamer out onto the river and right up to the base of the falls for a close-up view It is also possible to get a spectacular view of the falls from the strategic locations along the Niagara River, such as Prospect Point or Table Rock, or from one of the four observation towers which have heights up to 500 feet Tourists have been visiting Niagara Falls in large numbers since the 1800s; annual visitation now averages above 10 million visitors per year Because of concern that all these tourists would inadvertently destroy the natural beauty of this scenic wonder, the state of New York in 1885 created Niagara Falls Park in order to protect the land surrounding American Falls A year later Canada created Queen Victoria Park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horseshoe Falls With the area surrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area The word “jurisdiction" in paragraph is closest in meaning to Chọn câu trả lời: a assistance b view c taxation d control Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: control Vì: others are not correct Câu hỏi 13 Read the text and choose the best answer De Vany views the body as non-linear and dynamic and says exercise should mix order and chaos 'Chronic aerobic exercise overstrains the heart, reducing the chaotic variation in the heart rate which is essential to health,' he says Likewise, most weight training is governed too much by routine and is too timeconsuming He gives his own workout a chaotic character with ascending weights and descending repetitions To these brief but intense gym workouts he adds a wide variety of other activities that vary randomly in intensity and duration These include roller blading, bicycling, walking, sprinting, tennis, basketball, power walking, hitting softballs and trekking with a grandson on his shoulders Which type of activity does de Vany criticise as being harmful? Chọn câu trả lời: a aerobic exercise Câu trả lời b walking c trekking d hitting softballs Phản hồi Đáp án aerobic exercise Vì': Chronic aerobic exercise overstrains the heart Câu hỏi 14: Read the text and choose the best answer CLASSIC TOURS - coach break information Luggage We ask you to keep luggage down to one medium-sized suitcase per person, but a small holdall can also be taken on board the coach Seat Allocation Requests for particular seats can be made on most coach breaks when booking, but since allocations are made on a first come first served basis, early booking is advisable When bookings are made with us you will be offered the best seats that are available on the coach at that time Travel Documents When you have paid your deposit we will send to you all the necessary documents and labels, so that you receive them in good time before the coach break departure date Certain documents, for example air or boat tickets, may have to be retained and your driver or courier will then issue them to you at the relevant point Special Diets If you require a special diet you must inform us at the time of booking with a copy of the diet This will be notified to the hotel or hotels on your coach break, but on certain coach breaks the hotels used are tourist class and whilst offering value for money within the price range, they may not have the full facilities to cope with special diets Any extra costs incurred must be paid to the hotel by yourself before departure from the hotel Accommodation Many of our coach breaks now include, within the price, accommodation with private facilities, and this will be indicated on the coach break page Other coach breaks have a limited number of rooms with private facilities which, subject to availability, can be reserved and guaranteed at the time of booking the supplementary charge shown in the price panel will be added to your account On any coach break there are only a limited number of single rooms When a single room is available it may be subject to a supplementary charge and this will be shown on the brochure page Entertainment Some of our hotels arrange additional entertainment which could include music, dancing, film shows, etc The nature and frequency of the entertainment presented is at the discretion of the hotel and therefore not guaranteed and could be withdrawn if there is a lack of demand or insufficient numbers in the hotel If you want to sit at the front of the coach…… Chọn câu trả lời: a ask when you get on the coach b arrive early on the departure date c avoid travelling at peak times d book your seat well in advance Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: book your seat well in advance Vì: Requests for particular seats can be made on most coach breaks when booking, Câu hỏi 15 COURSE GUIDELINES Assignments Coursework assignments will involve the production of an artefact (something shaped by human beings rather than by nature) OR an investigation of some kind followed by a report This is to demonstrate the relevance of your study to society today If you opt to produce an artefact, (e.g a working model or piece of machinery) you will also be expected to provide some written explanation of how and why you produced it You need to follow these steps: •Find out precisely what is expected of you Talk to your tutor and refer to the syllabus document To the south, the Vikings conquered France, moving swiftly up rivers in long boats, powered by oar and sail From 845 to 886, they surged up the Seine to attack Paris three times To stop the raids, French King Charles III the Simple in 911 offered the Viking chief Rollo territories in northwest France, called Normandy, after the Normans or “Northmen.” There they set up a powerful kingdom and, in 1066, under William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold at the battle of Hastings in England When was a Viking chief granted lands by a king of France? Chọn câu trả lời: a 866 b 845 c 911 Câu trả lời d 886 Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: 911 Vì: To stop the raids, French King Charles III the Simple in 911 offered the Viking chief Rollo territories in northwest France, called Normandy, after the Normans or “Northmen.” Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 14 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer The intense private battles between woolgrowers and dingoes have usually served to define the Fence only in economic terms It marks the difference between profit and loss Yet the Fence casts a much broader ecological shadow for it has become a kind of terrestrial dam, deflecting the flow of animals inside and out The ecological side effects appear most vividly at Sturt National Park In 1845, explorer Charles Sturt led an expedition through these parts on a futile search for an inland sea For Sturt and other early explorers, it was a rare event to see a kangaroo Now they are ubiquitous for without a native predator the kangaroo population has exploded inside the Fence Kangaroos are now cursed more than dingoes They have become the rivals of sheep, competing for water and grass In response state governments cull* more than three million kangaroos a year to keep Australia’s national symbol from overrunning the pastoral lands Park officials, who recognise that the fence is to blame, respond to the excess of kangaroos by saying ‘The fence is there, and we have to live with it.’ The author does not agree with the culling of kangaroos Chọn câu trả lời: a FALSE b NOT GIVEN Câu trả lời c TRUE Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: NOT GIVEN Vì: NO INFORMATION Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 15 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer ‘The dingo started out as a quiet observer,’ writes Roland Breckwoldt, in A Very Elegant Animal: The Dingo, ‘but soon came to represent everything that was dark and dangerous on the continent.’ It is estimated that since sheep arrived in Australia, dingo numbers have increased a hundredfold Though dingoes have been eradicated from parts of Australia, an educated guess puts the population at more than a million Eventually government officials and graziers agreed that one well-maintained fence, placed on the outer rim of sheep country and paid for by taxes levied on woolgrowers, should supplant the maze of private netting By 1960, three states joined their barriers to form a single dog fence Dingoes have flourished as a result of the sheep industry Chọn câu trả lời: a NOT GIVEN b FALSE c TRUE Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: TRUE Vì: ’ It is estimated that since sheep arrived in Australia, dingo numbers have increased a hundredfold Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 16 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer By 870, the Vikings were settling Iceland In 980, an Icelandic assembly found a man named Eric “the Red” Ericson guilty of murder and sent him into exile Eric the Red responded by sailing to a large island to the west, which he called “Greenland.” An Icelandic saga mentions that people would be attracted to go to Greenland if it had a favorable2 name Around 998, Eric the Red’s son, Leif “the Lucky” Ericson, and a small Viking fleet sailed west to North America There they established the first European settlement in the New World, called “Vinland.” Vikings from Denmark, meanwhile, ravaged large swaths of England and France In 866, a Viking “Great Army” landed in England, occupying much of the country’s north and east They forced the English king to acknowledge their control of much of England under the so-called Danelaw To the west, they conquered coastal portions of Ireland, and in 841 founded Dublin, today a major Irish city, but originally a Viking fort The Vikings remained a major power in Ireland until the early eleventh century When did Vikings establish a fort in Ireland? Chọn câu trả lời: a 998 b 866 c 980 d 841 Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: 841 Vì: To the west, they conquered coastal portions of Ireland, and in 841 founded Dublin, today a major Irish city, but originally a Viking fort Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 17 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer The woolgrowers’ war against dingoes, which is similar to the sheep ranchers’ rage against coyotes in the US, started not long after the first European settlers disembarked in 1788, bringing with them a cargo of sheep Dingoes officially became outlaws in 1830 when governments placed a bounty on their heads Today bounties for problem dogs killing sheep inside the Fence can reach $500 As pioneers penetrated the interior with their flocks of sheep, fences replaced shepherds until, by the end of the 19th century, thousands of miles of barrier fencing crisscrossed the vast grazing lands ‘The dingo started out as a quiet observer,’ writes Roland Breckwoldt, in A Very Elegant Animal: The Dingo, ‘but soon came to represent everything that was dark and dangerous on the continent.’ It is estimated that since sheep arrived in Australia, dingo numbers have increased a hundredfold Though dingoes have been eradicated from parts of Australia, an educated guess puts the population at more than a million When did the authorities first acknowledge the dingo problem? Chọn câu trả lời: a 1960 b 1788 c 1830 Câu trả lời d 1845 Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: 1830 Vì: Dingoes officially became outlaws in 1830 when governments placed a bounty on their heads Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 18 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 khoảng 1,00 Không gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer A few years ago, publishers lost confidence and wanted to make books more like television, the medium that frightened them most,’ says children’s book critic Julia Eccleshare ‘But books aren’t TV, and you will find that children always say that the good thing about books is that you can see them in your head Children are demanding readers,’ she says ‘If they don’t get it in two pages, they’ll drop it.’ No more are children’s authors considered mere sentimentalists or failed adult writers 'Some feted adult writers would kill for the sales,’ says Almond, who sold 42,392 copies of Skellig in 1999 alone And advances seem to be growing too: UK publishing outfit Orion recently negotiated a six-figure sum from US company Scholastic for The Seeing Stone, a children's novel by Kevin Crossley-Holland, the majority of which will go to the author Which company has just invested heavily in an unpublished children’s book? Chọn câu trả lời: a Orion Câu trả lời b Kevin Crossley-Holland c Almond d Skellig Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: Orion Vì: UK publishing outfit Orion recently negotiated a six-figure sum from US company Scholastic for The Seeing Stone Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 19 Câu trả lời không Điểm 0,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and decide that the statement is TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN When you think about it, it's amazing that anyone gets away with a carefree holiday It seems there is limitless potential for things to go wrong, from flight delays and lost luggage to poor accommodation A recent questionnaire showed that a third of people who replied had a complaint about their holiday last year And when these unhappy holidaymakers discussed the problem with their tour company nearly half said it involved time and effort on their part to resolve things When asked exactly what the reasons were for their dissatisfaction top of the list was flight delays and 20 per cent of holiday-makers to Europe said they had to wait up to an hour More worrying is the fact that almost a third of holiday-makers who had complained said it was about the apartment or hotel room they had been allocated There is an enormous variety of holiday accommodation and we recommend that consumers look for places that have been inspected by the Tourist Boards; this way they can have the confidence that they will get the type of accommodation they are looking for It seems that tour companies now offer more honest accurate brochures though Eight-five per cent of holiday-makers who responded to our questionnaire said the description offered by the company matched the place they visited and the facilities provided This is good news for the industry and for holiday-makers A holiday is a major purchase - yet it's one we can't try before we pay All we have to go on is the brochure and it's a credit to tour operators that they now contain more detail OUR ADVICE DO be realistic No one should be palmed off with a poor standard of service, food or accommodation even if you paid a rock- bottom price for a last- minute break However, be reasonable - you won't get a room with the best view in town if you've paid a budget price DO complain to the right person Moaning to the waiter about a week's worth of appalling food, then writing an indignant letter when you get back home won't have the same impact as airing your grievances at the time DO get evidence for a serious problem such as having a building site instead of the promised swimming pool below your window Take a photo to back up your case DON'T write and complain for the sake of it Letters can be powerful as long as they're about something you have a good reason to complain about DON'T lose your temper Easier said than done, but you're more likely to get results if you state your case firmly, explain why you think there's a problem then suggest a reasonable solution Overall, holiday accommodation poses few problems Chọn câu trả lời: a TRUE Câu trả lời không b NOT GIVEN c FALSE Phản hồi Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 20 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and decide that the statement is TRUE, FALSE or NOT GIVEN When you think about it, it's amazing that anyone gets away with a carefree holiday It seems there is limitless potential for things to go wrong, from flight delays and lost luggage to poor accommodation A recent questionnaire showed that a third of people who replied had a complaint about their holiday last year And when these unhappy holidaymakers discussed the problem with their tour company nearly half said it involved time and effort on their part to resolve things When asked exactly what the reasons were for their dissatisfaction top of the list was flight delays and 20 per cent of holiday-makers to Europe said they had to wait up to an hour More worrying is the fact that almost a third of holiday-makers who had complained said it was about the apartment or hotel room they had been allocated There is an enormous variety of holiday accommodation and we recommend that consumers look for places that have been inspected by the Tourist Boards; this way they can have the confidence that they will get the type of accommodation they are looking for It seems that tour companies now offer more honest accurate brochures though Eight-five per cent of holiday-makers who responded to our questionnaire said the description offered by the company matched the place they visited and the facilities provided This is good news for the industry and for holiday-makers A holiday is a major purchase - yet it's one we can't try before we pay All we have to go on is the brochure and it's a credit to tour operators that they now contain more detail OUR ADVICE DO be realistic No one should be palmed off with a poor standard of service, food or accommodation even if you paid a rock- bottom price for a last- minute break However, be reasonable - you won't get a room with the best view in town if you've paid a budget price DO complain to the right person Moaning to the waiter about a week's worth of appalling food, then writing an indignant letter when you get back home won't have the same impact as airing your grievances at the time DO get evidence for a serious problem such as having a building site instead of the promised swimming pool below your window Take a photo to back up your case DON'T write and complain for the sake of it Letters can be powerful as long as they're about something you have a good reason to complain about DON'T lose your temper Easier said than done, but you're more likely to get results if you state your case firmly, explain why you think there's a problem then suggest a reasonable solution Photographs may help to support an argument about a holiday problem Chọn câu trả lời: a FALSE b TRUE Câu trả lời c NOT GIVEN Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: TRUE vì: Take a photo to back up your case Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 21 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 khoảng 1,00 Không gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer Plants have evolved a variety of methods to entice pollinators to their work Many produce nectar, a sugary substance that pollinators use as food A well- known example is the honeybee, which collects nectar as well as pollen for food When a bee enters one flower, it brushes against the anther, and pollen grains are picked up by the surface of its body When the bee enters a second flower and brushes against the stigma, some of that pollen comes in contact with the ovaries of the second plant, thus fertilizing it, resulting in seeds that contain genetic material from the male gametes of the first plant combined with the female reproductive organs of the second plant Most bees, butterflies, and moths, as well as certain species of bats and birds, are attracted to nectar-producing flowers Honeybees eat both nectar and pollen Chọn câu trả lời: a FALSE b TRUE Câu trả lời c NOT GIVEN Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: TRUE Vì: A well- known example is the honeybee, which collects nectar as well as pollen for food Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 22 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 ngồi khoảng 1,00 Khơng gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer While many of caffeine’s undesirable effects, such as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, are brief, some short-term benefits, including pain relief, increased alertness, and increased physical endurance, have also been attributed to caffeine As a component of numerous over-the-counter diet pills and pain relievers, caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly By constricting blood vessels in the brain, it can alleviate headaches—even migraines—and can help counter the drowsiness caused by antihistamines Caffeine does not alter the need for sleep, but it does offer a temporary solution to fatigue for people who need to stay alert Research has shown that sleep- deprived individuals who consumed caffeine had improved memory and reasoning abilities, at least in the short term Studies of runners and cyclists have shown that caffeine can improve their stamina—hence its addition to energy- boosting sports drinks Caffeine can help some medications work faster Chọn câu trả lời: a NOT GIVEN b TRUE Câu trả lời c FALSE Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: TRUE Vì: As a component of numerous over-the-counter diet pills and pain relievers, caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 23 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 khoảng 1,00 Không gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer Broad-tailed hummingbirds often nest in quaking aspens, slender deciduous trees with smooth, gray-green bark found in the Colorado Rockies of the western United States After flying some 2,000 kilometers north from where they have wintered in Mexico, the hummingbirds need six weeks to build a nest, incubate their eggs, and raise the chicks A second nest is feasible only if the first fails early in the season Quality, not quantity, is what counts in hummingbird reproduction A nest on the lowest intact branch of an aspen will give a hummingbird a good view, a clear flight path, and protection for her young Male hummingbirds claim feeding territories in open meadows where, from late May through June, they mate with females coming to feed but take no part in nesting Thus when the hen is away to feed, the nest is unguarded While the smooth bark of the aspen trunk generally offers a poor grip for the claws of a hungry squirrel or weasel, aerial attacks, from a hawk, owl, or gray jay, are more likely The choice of where to build the nest is based not only on the branch itself but also on what hangs over it A crooked deformity in the nest branch, a second, unusually close branch overhead, or proximity to part of a trunk bowed by a past ice storm are features that provide shelter and make for an attractive nest site Scarcely larger than a halved golf ball, the nest is painstakingly constructed of spiderwebs and plant down, decorated and camouflaged outside with paper-like bits of aspen bark held together with more strands of spider silk By early June it will hold two pea-sized eggs, which each weigh one-seventh of the mother's weight, and in sixteen to nineteen days, two chicks The word "counts" in paragraph is closest in meaning to… Chọn câu trả lời: a numbers b estimates c weighs d matters Câu trả lời Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: matters Vì: others are not correct Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 24 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 khoảng 1,00 Không gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi Read the text and choose the best answer Pollinators play a major role in agriculture While many staple crops such as rice, corn, canola, and wheat are self-pollinating or pollinated by the wind, farmers are dependent on pollinator species for many fruit, vegetable, nut, and seed crops Over 30 percent of the world’s crops require the work of pollinator species Bees are the most common agricultural pollinators, with crops including fruit trees such as apples and cherries; vegetables such as squash, beans, tomatoes, and eggplant; flowering shrubs and annual and perennial flowers; forage crops such as clover and alfalfa; and fiber2 crops such as cotton Other pollinators include midges (cocoa), wasps (figs), moths (yucca, papaya), butterflies (asters, daisies, marigolds), and even a few species of bats (agave, palms, durians) and hummingbirds (fuchsia) Close to one third of the world’s harvest depends on animals for pollination Chọn câu trả lời: a FALSE b TRUE Câu trả lời c NOT GIVEN Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: TRUE Vì: Over 30 percent of the world’s crops require the work of pollinator species Câu trả lời là: Câu hỏi 25 Câu trả lời Điểm 1,00 khoảng 1,00 Không gắn cờĐánh dấu để làm sau Mô tả câu hỏi In paragraphs A to D the author describes four processes which may contribute to the extinction of a species Match the process to the suitable paragraph A Early attempts to predict population viability were based on demographic uncertainty Whether an individual survives from one year to the next will largely be a matter of chance Some pairs may produce several young in a single year while others may produce none in that same year Small populations will fluctuate enormously because of the random nature of birth and death and these chance fluctuations can cause species extinctions even if, on average, the population size should increase Taking only this uncertainty of ability to reproduce into account, extinction is unlikely if the number of individuals in a population is above about 50 and the population is growing B Small populations cannot avoid a certain amount of inbreeding This is particularly true if there is a very small number of one sex For example, if there are only 20 individuals of a species and only one is a male, all future individuals in the species must be descended from that one male For most animal species such individuals are less likely to survive and reproduce Inbreeding increases the chance of extinction C Variation within a species is the raw material upon which natural selection acts Without genetic variability a species lacks the capacity to evolve and cannot adapt to changes in its environment or to new predators and new diseases The loss of genetic diversity associated with reductions in population size will contribute to the likelihood of extinction D Recent research has shown that other factors need to be considered Australia’s environment fluctuates enormously from year to year These fluctuations add yet another degree of uncertainty to the survival of many species Catastrophes such as fire, flood, drought or epidemic may reduce population sizes to a small fraction of their average level When allowance is made for these two additional elements of uncertainty the population size necessary to be confident of persistence for a few hundred years may increase to several thousand An imblance of the sexes Chọn câu trả lời: a Paragraph B Câu trả lời b Paragraph C c Paragraph A d Paragraph D Phản hồi Đáp án đúng: Paragraph B Vì: , if there are only 20 individuals of a species and only one is a male, all future individuals in the species must be descended from that one male Câu trả lời là: ... in 1 066 , under William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold at the battle of Hastings in England When was a Viking chief granted lands by a king of France? Chọn câu trả lời: a 911 b 866 c 845... the best answer Vikings from Denmark, meanwhile, ravaged large swaths of England and France In 866 , a Viking “Great Army” landed in England, occupying much of the country’s north and east They... have a slow metabolism, a genetic hiccup which sentences more than half the Australian population (63 % of men and 47% of women) to a life of battling with their weight The argument goes like this: