ELECTRIC POWER UNIVERSITY CONTROL AND AUTOMATIC DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL ENGLISH THEMATIC REPORT DEPARTMENT CONTROL AND AUTOMATICAL TECHNOLOGY MAJOR AUTOMATION CONTROL OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT SEMETER TECHNICAL ENGLISH Instructor Student Class HÀ NỘI, 032021 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 CONTENT 4 1 Engine structure 4 1 1 General structure of washing machine 4 1 2 Structure of top loading washing machine 8 1 3 Structure of front loading front loading washing machine 9 2 Working principle of washing.
ELECTRIC POWER UNIVERSITY CONTROL AND AUTOMATIC DEPARTMENT TECHNICAL ENGLISH THEMATIC REPORT DEPARTMENT: CONTROL AND AUTOMATICAL TECHNOLOGY MAJOR: AUTOMATION CONTROL OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT SEMETER: TECHNICAL ENGLISH Instructor: Student: Class: HÀ NỘI, 03/2021 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .3 CONTENT Engine structure 1.1 General structure of washing machine 1.2 Structure of top loading washing machine 1.3 Structure of front-loading / front-loading washing machine Working principle of washing machine 10 Advantages and disadvantages of washing machines .11 3.1 Top loading washing machine (top load washing machine) .11 3.2 Front loading washing machine (front loading washing machine) 12 Application of washing machine 13 The meaning of washing machine in life 14 LIST OF DRAWING PICTURES 15 CONCLUDE 16 DOCUMENTATION .17 FOREWORD In the era of industrialization and modernization of the country and especially when Vietnam has become an official member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the purchase, sale and exchange of goods has received more and more attention Consumers have more and more choices, more opportunities to find the most suitable product at an affordable price Among you, perhaps no one is unaware of washing machine products And we also know that when a brand has captured the minds of consumers, its destination is to capture their hearts This is true for washing machines - a necessary appliance in the Vietnamese market This is one of the first important reasons that attracted us to research and research this product In today's modern society, for every family, washing powder is one of the essential consumer products As living conditions develop, people's demand for finished products also increases In our opinion, the washing machine has partially met the expectations of customers about product quality A product that wants to stand firmly in the market, wants to create trust in quality among consumers is not easy But the washing machine did it And now, this product has been, is and will further assert its brand in the Vietnamese and foreign markets Above are a few main reasons why we choose a washing machine as a product to learn and research This is the first time doing this topic, so we cannot avoid some shortcomings We hope that you and your teachers can give your suggestions to improve this research topic And we would also like to thank the teachers of the Department of Control and Automation, especially Mr Mai Hoang Cong Minh, who helped us to complete this essay We sincerely thank you! CONTENT Engine structure 1.1 General structure of washing machine Structure of top-loading and horizontal-loading washing machines Washing machine can be divided into main parts including: - Water supply unit to the machine - Laundry department - Sewage discharging unit - Control unit - Machine case The details of each of these parts are as follows: 1.1.1 Water supply unit to the machine Includes parts: - This is the first part to be analyzed because the sequence analysis will help readers more easily understand the structure of the machine This part includes small equipment such as: water inlet pipe, washing machine water supply valve, detergent tray, fabric softener, water pipe to the washing machine drum - In these parts, only the washing machine water supply valve is automatically controlled, this valve has the function of opening and closing the water inlet, dividing the water line and mixing the water line according to the ratio of hot and cold (this function only works) available in some washing machines) Detailed function of each part: - Washing machine water supply valve: This part controls the amount of water entering the washing machine at different stages such as supplying water to dissolve detergent or supplying water to the washing tub in batches This is an automatically controlled solenoid valve, the valve works thanks to a solenoid core that changes the opening and closing position when current is supplied to the solenoid coil - Washing machine cage: This part consists of two main components, the outer cage and the inner cage, the outer cage is usually made of hard plastic that works to store washing water during the washing process, and the inner cage is made of stainless steel that holds the pants shirt while washing The outer cage is the shell that wraps the components in the washing tub and is linked to the washing machine frame through spring bars to reduce vibrations during operation, the inner cage is linked to the rotating shaft to rotate during the process wash 1.1.2 Washing unit Figure 1: General structure of washing machine Includes parts: This is the central part of the washing machine that performs the main operations during the washing process This part includes equipment such as: washing machine drum, washing machine motor, washing machine cover, belt and some extra parts These parts are directly related to the operation of the drum during the washing process Detailed function of each part: - Washing machine cage: This part consists of two main components, the outer cage and the inner cage, the outer cage is usually made of hard plastic that works to store washing water during the washing process, and the inner cage is made of stainless steel that holds the pants shirt while washing The outer cage is the shell that wraps the components in the washing tub and is linked to the washing machine frame through spring bars to reduce vibrations during operation, the inner cage is linked to the rotating shaft to rotate during the process wash - Washing machine motor: This is an electric motor used to create a circular motion for the drum while washing and drying clothes The washing machine motor is mounted directly on the body of the outer drum to ensure the best transmission of rotational motion - Washing machine lid: With a vertical washing machine, the lid of the washing machine only has the effect of protecting and isolating the user while the machine is in operation, while with a front-loading washing machine, the lid of the washing machine has a sealing effect to prevent Water overflows during washing, so when the machine is working, the door cannot be opened - Belt: This is a type of belt commonly used to transmit rotation from the motor shaft to the drum of the washing tub 1.1.3 Sewage discharger Includes parts: - This part includes: drain pump filter mesh, washing machine drain pump and drain hose - After the washing process, the waste water needs to be drained out before new water is supplied to the washing machine, the water discharge unit has the effect of pumping all the washing water out in a short time Detailed function of each part: - Drain pump filter: This part is placed in front of the drain pump to filter out all kinds of large garbage in the rinse water after washing clothes, in order to prevent the washing machine drain pump from getting stuck or clogged - Washing machine drain pump: After finishing a wash, dirty water in the washing machine needs to be discharged, the drain pump is the part that pumps the waste water out before clean water is put into the drum for the next process according to 1.1.4 Control unit Figure 2: Control part of washing machine Includes parts: This is the part that controls the entire operation of the washing machine according to the program programmed in the control chip, on the washing machine control panel there are mode adjustment knobs, common switches and a screen, display Detailed function of each part: - Motor controller: This is the part of the electronic circuit board that controls the washing machine motor - Washing machine control panel: This is an electronic circuit board that controls the entire operation of the washing machine through the control programs loaded in the control chip 1.1.5 Case Includes parts: This is the frame that covers the outside of the washing machine, which is usually made of stainless steel, providing durability and elegance in the design of the washing machine Detailed function of each part: The washing machine cover part protects all the equipment inside the washing machine There are two main types of washing machines on the market today, which are commonly used There are top load washing machines and front loading washing machines What are the similarities and differences between these two washing machines? Let's learn to know more about the structure of these two types of washing machines right here! 1.2 Structure of top loading washing machine Figure 3: Structure of a top-loading washing machine The structure of a top-loading washing machine includes the following parts: - Washing machine cover - Washing machine cover - Washing machine power plug - Washing machine control panel - Mouse shield - Base - Washing machine water supply valve - Washing machine drain valve - Washing bin - Powder/washing liquid, fabric softener compartment - Lint filter - Washing machine tray - The motor of the washing machine - Set of washing machine numbers and belts - Washing machine board - Indent for the washing tub - Pressure cannon, water level indicator float of washing machine - Washing machine door switch Above are the parts that make up a top-loading washing machine Depending on the manufacturer, the above parts may have different shapes 1.3 Structure of front-loading / front-loading washing machine Figure 4: Structure of the front loading washing machine - Front load washing machine also includes a full range of top load washing machine parts Only difference, if the top-loading washing machine has a top-loading design Then the front-loading washing machine, the washing machine door is horizontal - Front loading washing machines use a curved drain valve Instead of using a drain pump like a top-loading washing machine - Top load washing machine uses up to hangers And the front-loading washing machine uses hangers and indents below Most of today's front-loading washing machines use direct drive Make sure the washing machine operates smoothly, without making loud noises Stable performance over time Working principle of washing machine Figure 5: Working principle of washing machine Based on the washing machine principle diagram, we will clearly see how the washing machine works: - First put dirty clothes into the machine, pour the right amount of detergent/detergent for the volume of clothes into the detergent/detergent container Then close the lid of the washing machine At this time, the washing machine will reverse directions to weigh the amount of clothes in the cage To balance the amount of water to suit the machine - Next, when the washing machine has finished weighing, the circuit provides power to the water supply valve Water will flow through the valve into the drum - When the amount of water supplied to the drum is enough with the initial selfbalancing tap water level The pressure float tells the board, the board will stop supplying power to the valve - Then, will start supplying power to the rotating motor, the washing machine starts the washing cycle - After washing is completed, the washing machine motor does not spin anymore Up to the pre-programmed time on the board, the washing machine will enter the rinse mode - At this time, the board will supply power to the drain valve, the drain valve pulls out for the water to drain out When the water is completely drained, the 10 water level indicator will notify the board Let the board continue to power the washing machine motor to spin the next direction - After performing the first spinning process, the machine returns to the water supply mode and the washing machine washes again After washing, the washing machine squeezes the water again Thus, the end of a washing cycle You can already open the lid of the washing machine, take out the clothes to dry Advantages and disadvantages of washing machines 3.1 Top loading washing machine (top load washing machine) Advantages: Currently, consumers still prefer to use top-loading washing machines The following are the potentially satisfying advantages of top-loading washing machines: - Low-cost washing machines: Top-loading washing machine models are relatively affordable compared to front-loading washing machines Currently, with only about million VND, you can own a top-loading washing machine to help you solve laundry problems - Simple design, easy to replace components: The simple design of the washing machine will suit any interior space In addition, washing machines are easy to repair when broken and replacement parts for the machine are also sold at relatively low prices - Suitable for small spaces: Compact design, there are many mini-style products suitable for houses with limited space in the city Combined with that, the design of the door that opens up is even more space-saving If your family has limited space, a top-loading washing machine is a worthy choice - Easily add and remove clothes: If unfortunately while the washing machine is operating, you remember to forget your wallet in your pocket or put clothes missing in the washing batch, need to take out the clothes to check, then with the machine washing the top load, you will easily add and remove clothes without fear of affecting the washing cycle Disadvantages: - Drying clothes takes a lot of time: Usually, top-loading washing machines only have a spin rate of less than 1000 rpm, so drying clothes often takes a lot of time - Causes loud noise and strong vibration: When using the drying feature, the toploading washing machine often vibrates strongly, causing a loud noise Therefore, users should pay attention to place the device in places with flat surfaces - Consume a lot of water: Top loading washing machines always require the amount of washing water to cover the clothes before the machine can operate Therefore, washing machines use up to times more water than front-loading washing machines - Affects the durability of clothes: With the rotating mechanism of the top-loading machine, the clothes are easily twisted together, thereby indirectly damaging, 11 creasing, making clothes quickly old Clothes while using a top load washing machine are very easy to tangle, making them frayed and no longer beautiful 3.2 Front loading washing machine (front loading washing machine) Advantages: Although the price is slightly higher than that of top-loading washing machines, front-loading washing machines are still chosen by many families for many reasons as follows: - Beautiful appearance, long life High-quality, durable materials combined with luxurious and eye-catching designs are a prominent plus point for this washing machine line If you are looking for a washing machine that is durable and beautiful, then the front-loading washing machines can be the perfect choice - Smooth operation Most front-loading washing machine models are equipped with modern Inverter technology, not use belts, so it reduces friction while the machine is in operation, so the machine can operate very smoothly, limiting the noise effective noise - Save water Thanks to the horizontal cage design, only a third of that amount of water is needed to work - Diverse washing programs Along with the usual washing programs, most top-loading washing machines are integrated with many special washing modes, giving you many choices to suit the fabric of your clothes - Spinning speed Spinning speed can be up to 1,400 rpm, helping to spin dry clothes quickly, saving time At the same time, the front door design with horizontal centrifugal rotation shaft structure also provides the ability to mix clothes evenly, prevent twisting, and prevent clothing wear and tear Disadvantages: - High price If million you can own a front-loading washing machine, it takes more than million to buy a front-loading washing machine - Need space Front-loading washing machines usually have a relatively large design, so they take up a lot of space Not only that, the door opening angle is wide (can be up to 150 degrees) so it can take up space in your house - Can't add clothes in the wash Because of the design of the horizontal cage, the lid of the machine must be completely closed while in the wash, otherwise the washing water as well as the clothes will flow out 12 Application of washing machine As society is developing, modern devices for life in general have been promoted and used more commonly than before One of those products is the industrial washing machine This product has long been favored and appreciated by many users because of its outstanding features and advantages that it brings to users Nowadays, this washing machine product is more widely used and becomes an indispensable part of each of our lives In daily life: Washing machine - an effective assistant of every family The amount of clothes used every day is more, the clothes that need to be washed are not only clothes but also blankets, sheets, pillows, curtains, tablecloths, stuffed animals, backpacks, bags ask for different modes of care, while life is increasingly busy, time for self and family is not enough So the housewife of the family will need a washing machine with deep cleaning performance but still safe for fabrics The washing machine needs to have many different modes to suit the different washing needs of the family such as normal washing, cotton washing, synthetic fiber washing, baby washing, steam washing (for sterilizing), washing Fast (limited time response)… In addition, in order for family members to have more time for each other and for themselves, they need a washing machine large enough to handle the load of their laundry family several times a week, instead of a small washing machine that has to work at full capacity every day For families with babies or the elderly, the washing machine also needs a sterilization function to ensure that clothes, blankets, milk towels are protected from bacteria, bacteria and harmful agents from the environment which is noticeably worse Modern industrial washing machines are commonly used If before, you had to suffer because you struggled with too many clothes and took a lot of time to laundry, now things have become much easier with the advent of industrial washing machines Up to now, this product is no longer strange to many people, because it has been and is being used by many families and units for the purpose of washing family clothes This product industrial washing machine has a number of different features compared to conventional washing machines in terms of design structure as well as other washing features The size of this product is larger because it needs to be used with a larger number of clothes The washing volume is larger than that of a conventional washing machine, so this product is often used in clothing service providers Customers when washing clothes with this product can be assured because the product is made of high-quality materials on modern lines, so it is very durable Smart design and diverse features help ensure the best quality washing process, your clothes will not be damaged when used Washing time is also much faster, saving time and effort for all users 13 The meaning of washing machine in life Liberating labor Labor emancipation is the first thing people talk about when talking about washing machines The hands of housewives in the family are no longer to wash dirty clothes Also no longer needing days to spend all the time washing, drying and ironing clothes, today's housewives can save a lot of time to the things they love as well as take care of themselves Instead of many hours spent washing clothes, dirty clothes have been "processed" by the washing machine with movements created from the modern, specialized washing drum and platter Washing machines have helped people to free their hands from dirty clothes Enhance cleaning efficiency It is very difficult for you to rub clothes by hand to clean ink stains, coffee stains, grease stains But the movements created from the washing machine's high-speed spin cycle, washing and rinsing are completely possible can that Instead of a wooden table to rub or a brush to scrub clothes, the washing machine can clean stains better thanks to hot water washing modes, soap foaming technology, etc What is cleaner washing? washing machine brought to the user Perhaps for this reason, since its inception, washing machines have always been popular and widely used by users to completely replace hand washing in the family Improve quality of life Washing machine has raised our life to a higher level In the past, the feature of vertical drum washing machines was just cleaning Up to the improved horizontal drum washing machine, the washing machine was able to significantly reduce wrinkles and tangles of clothes Next, when the Japanese successfully produced a tilting drum washing machine, the washing machine was also capable of drying right after the end of the washing cycle Clothes are completely dried and you can put them in the closet or wear them right away without drying in the sun Washing machines are also increasingly using less water, consuming less electricity and with more features: fragrant laundry, fast washing, etc., depending on the needs of any fastidious user LIST OF DRAWING PICTURES Figure 1: General structure of washing machine 14 Figure 2: Control part of washing machine Figure 3: Structure of a top-loading washing machine Figure 4: Structure of the front loading washing machine .9 Figure 5: Working principle of washing machine 10 CONCLUDE Today, washing machines are becoming more and more widely used and abundant in the daily lives of each of our families, it helps a lot in life, as well as 15 helps us save more time for the washing of clothes, sheets, blankets, pillows, etc Besides that, there are some other items such as stuffed animals, carpets, etc Therefore, the demand for this equipment is increasing day by day, requiring the Business firms must produce the best machines to support consumers For today's increasingly industrialized life, the washing machine also plays an important part in our lives, because it is also an essential component in the family If the whole family goes to work, they will not have time to take care of the house, so it is necessary to have smart products to support the family in the most optimal way Your psychology will be more comfortable when the housework is supported to the maximum, giving you more time to take care of yourself, children, work, moreover, it also helps you to be lighter in manual labor in house cleaning matters Therefore, almost every house today uses this device, except in remote areas where there is no stable source of electricity and water to use DOCUMENTATION [1] Tran Khanh Ha Civil washing machine Hanoi Science Publishing House 2005 16 [2] Vu Quang Hoi Industrial electrical and electronic equipment Education Publishing House 17 ... areas where there is no stable source of electricity and water to use DOCUMENTATION [1] Tran Khanh Ha Civil washing machine Hanoi Science Publishing House 2005 16 [2] Vu Quang Hoi Industrial