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International Conference on the Strategy
of Technology Education in the Paradigm =
Shift for Creation and Innovation 3
tải: 20081 †8# †74(s) 09:00~18:30
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Trang 2L 7 17:10~17:80 : L¡ 17:30~17:50 : L; 17:50~18:10 : L 16:00~16:20 : 16:20~16:40 a ea wt 18:10~18:30 :
Innovation in teachers’ methods of instructing learmers in
practicing parts in order to form the habit and skill of self-study for college students in Vietnam
Nguyen, Duc - Thanh(Ha Noi University of Education)
Hoang, Thi- Kim Huyen(Ha Noi Pedagogical University No.2)
: FACULTY MANAGEMENT MODEL AT UNIVERSITIES OF
VIETNAM IN THE SPIRIT OF AUTONOMY AND ACCOUNTABILITY Pham, Van Thuan(Vietnam National University, Hanoi) Intermission (10 minutes) - : Vocational Orientation in Secondary Schools in Vietnam Dr Nguyễn Phúc Chỉnh
(College of Education — ThaiNguyen Universiy Vietnam)
A study of cognition in emotional reaction and visualized symbols
LTSEN LiU(ndustrial Technology Educational Department
National Kaohsiung Normal University)
CHUNG-SHAN SUM Industrial Technology Educational Department National Kaohsiung Normal University)
The experimental research of technology education curriculum within Interactive Electronic Whiteboard
Wen-Jiuh Chiang, Chih-chia Chen, Chia-chien Teng
Trang 3FACULTY MANAGEMENT MODEL AT UNIVERSITIES OF VIETNAM
IN THE SPIRIT OF AUTONOMY AND ACCOUNTABILITY
Pham, Van Thuan
Vietnam National University, Hanoi Problem statement
According to the project of innovation in education of Vietnam in the stage of 2006-2020, //] one of the most important content and solutions to educational innovation is to innovate education in the spirit of increasing autonomy and accountability and enhancing competition capacity of university and of the whole svstem Defining clearly functions, missions of Government management on education and innovating university-level management in the direction: university has the right of autonomy in training, doing scientific researches, personnel, finance, international relationship; authority of making decisions is focused at university level to increase its competition capacity To carry out the road of the above project in the middle of October, 2007, the Minister of Education and Training has signed a decision of autonomy and accountability for 10 universities
Personnel in universities include scientific staffs (lectures, researchers); management and administration staffs also play key roles in improving the quality of training Therefore, enhancing lecturer management is the top strategic goal in innovation in higher education and in improving quality of training
1 Some rights of autonomy and accountability of Vietnamese universities
For Vietnamese universities, Article 60 of Law of Education 2005 has prescribed the areas of autonomy and accountability of colleges and universities
as follows:
Trang 4-1 Building curriculums, textbooks, teaching and learning plans of training
areas;
2 Building enrollment criteria, organizing enrollment and training process, recognizing graduates and awarding degrees;
3 Organizing apparatus of university, enrollment, management, using, treating teachers and staff:
Mobilizing, managing, using resources;
Cooperating with economic, educational, cultural, sport, medical and scientific research organizations in and outside the country prescribed by
the Government
When the context has changed and management mechanism changed into
socialist-oriented market mechanism, universities must to deal with so many challenges and opportunities not as planned In this case, a university with given autonomy will have capacity to deal with new context and self adjustment to meet
the needs of its own development quickly as well as the need of the Government, society and learners timely Autonomy is the necessary condition to help universities in training and disseminating knowledge ; because universities have to bar the way — go first, accept risks- find to foresee the events and have initiatives to satisfy the need of society
Autonomy and accountability is two paralleled and un-separated faces: Without separated self control means without accountability and vice versa Democracy
goes with laws, rights connect closely with duty
In the education system of Vietnam, only two national universities have been handed over high autonomy in comparison with other training bases in training, scientific research, organizing, scientific research, personnel, finance and
expanding international relations
for all management level, avoiding the situation of sending official document 04
the senior level in the uncreative way of “asking and giving” Autonomy ¢ a *
ne
mechanism includes the content of initiative in building strategic developmef
orientation, the road and suitable steps for the potentials and the real situatio its organization
Trang 5-2 Necessity of enhancing the right of autonomy and accountability of Vietnamese universities
2.1 The right of autonomy and accountability of universities has
become an international trend
In the experiences of developed countries (OEDC), to manage higher education
system, central and local hierarchic management models are different, however in
general, most of countries has their “light above” and “serious below” ways of authority division, it means to focus on authority of making decision at the
university-department-subject-lecturer level (as in the picture below) // 07 In which, university council is a functional one and responsible for university
administration Procedures of making decision combine 3 models of “association”, “administration” and “enterprise”, depending on types of universities (public or
private)
According to Burton Clark, higher education in developed countries often has the division of authority of making decision including:
- Government/Ministry of areas - University/Board of Rectors
- Department/Subject/Lecturers
Trang 6-Table 1: Models of authority division in higher education Level A B Cc D E a/ Governmment/Ministry b/University 1 c/ epartment/ Subject Lecturer EU UK USA Developing countries, Vietnam among
Resource: [Burton Clark, 1983]
According to the analysis of higher education researchers, is it right that to enhance “autonomy” for universities is to transfer authority division from E to D?
2.2 Managing lecturers in the spirit of autonomy and accountability
suitable for the characters of lecturers in modern higher
education
Training and doing research in a university are lecturers’ activities Depending on their own missions, they will have the specific activities at universities, contributing positively to the general development of university It can be said
that: the power of a university firstly roots from the individual’s strength on the
basic of a will and determination of building a strong university
If we see training, doing research and serving society are responsibilities of an
university, mission of teaching, doing research and serving society are of lecturers
Lecturers at university, besides general missions of an officer, thev also have the
— 456 -
Trang 7main mission of teaching (education and training in the large meaning), doing
research and serving society These activities have their own characters, different
from usual activities of a usual officer as follows:
+ Can and also can not control administratively For example: assigning teaching, advising graduates, internship, and field trip according to date, hour, and controlled quantity However, making lesson plan is difficult to control
+ Effectiveness of these activities is defined via quality of teaching and doing researches It is difficult to define these contents quantitatively
+ This activity is affected by many factors, in which inner capacity; positive, self-conscious and passive factors in improving quality play important roles These factors need to have favorable environment to maintain This environment
is created from combining closely administration, finance and spirit in which stimulating prestige, honour is very important
These characters of teaching activity require management, improvement and
development to have its own features, combining closely administration, finance and spirit In which, quality is the most interest, effectiveness of creating
favorable environment is better than managing rigidly in term of administration
3 Proposing lecturer management model of Vietnamese
universities in the spirit of autonomy and accountability
In the situation of innovation in higher education of Vietnam, the staff pressure is due to the increase in the quantity of learners, responsibility requirements, role
of universities in society economy and the impact of new educational technology Advantages and disadvantages in the process of educational innovation in the spirit of autonomy and accountability as follows:
Firstly, universities now are not subsidized completely as before, enhancing autonomy and accountability for universities is suitable for the development of market mechanism of society mechanism, education should be socialized,
standardized and modernized Therefore, power and controlled areas of Government are limited Universities should be dynamic to create favorable operating mechanism to increase additional income for university activities
Trang 8-Secondly, each university has its own mission which rules the whole activities of university, responsibility and right of each department are defined clearly, not
overlapped
Thirdly, university performs autonomy of academic, curriculum, training texts,
human resource and finance Therefore, autonomy and accountability should be
at the time of building strategy and university development plan to carry out
specific tasks
Fourthly, accordance with autonomy, university has to face with quality assurance, issues related to expenses, training curriculum, human resources If these universities want to exist and develop, and they have to apply the standards of quality assurance, evaluate performance management periodically Ensuring the principle of “training must be suitable for the need of society” to create diversified products with appropriate quality, meet all the demands of labour
force market as well as the laws of value and competition of market economy This is responsible to the Government and related interest groups of university
Fifthly, university has to take responsibility for its products (human resources for society development, scientific and technological products and services ) to
the society Therefore, lecturers and university have to be responsible for their
products of training, scientific researches and serving public This means that human resource trained by university must meet the demands of labour force market; graduates should have suitable jobs of their major training areas To gain
this, in the great change of science and technology social-economic development,
training curriculum should be developed increasingly, each lecturer has to advance and update their new and professional knowledge to stand steady on their
legs This is the condition to make lecturers self authorized and self responsible
for their jobs to students, university as well as society
Finally, universities have to change their traditional training approaches to credit curriculum This is a good condition for lecturers and students to be self authorized and self responsible strongly to universities
In short, Government should have a mechanism for universities enjoying their
autonomy and sanctions to force them to be responsible for their products Enhancing autonomy and accountability for universities does not mean that universities have the entire right of operating without the controlling and
Trang 9-interfering from the government It is to connect more closely the combination of
impact of authorized government and authority of universities under the control
of other related interest groups In which, government will draw out from direct management of higher education bases but give out new approaches to control
universities’ responsibilities via management mechanism including financial
areas such as finance, human resources, training and recognition of product’s
quality Higher education bases have to try to meet the criteria of funding and performance regulations, and also have to affirm their trade marks in society
Therefore, with other management activities, lecturer management in
Vietnamese universities has to carry out a mechanism which is suitable for management mechanism such as planning staff, recruitment, usage, evaluating,
improving and dismissing in the spirit of autonomy and accountability to catch
the development of higher education of countries in the region and in the world and aiso suitable for the context of Vietnam
On the basic of the above reason of argument and reality, and total human
resource management /7/, the spirit of human resource management /5/ and spirit of autonomy and accountability of universities, lecturer management in universities of Vietnam in the spirit of autonomy and accountability can be generalized via models including components in the following figure:
Trang 10-Figure 1: Lecturer management model in Vietnamese universities in the spirit of autonomy and accountability Recruitment, usage Treatment policies Served objects (Customers) Lecturer developmen
Firstly, environment and development plans of universities (pyramid): show stakeholders including 4 objects: university, culture, lecturer and customers (students, students’ parents, employers )
Secondly, activities (function) of lecturer management (4 major activities: recruitment, usage, evaluating, selecting, treatment policies, lecturer development)
Thirdly, information system connecting lecturers (arrows)
In conclusion
Lecturer management in the spirit of autonomy and accountability is the indispensable general trend of higher education, suitable for the stage of
developing and integrating into the higher education of the region and in the world in the context of Vietnam joining in WTO With the point of view that
universities have to develop humanity and the process of democratizing training, management activities is the major trend of university management in general,
Trang 11-and of lecturer management in particular It is necessary to have a research project that is systematic and comprehensive in human resource management mechanism
of Vietnamese universities in the scale of current public administration reform in our country
Lecturer management in the spirit of autonomy and accountability is suitable for the approach of innovation in higher education of Vietnam according to enhancing autonomy and accountability and competition capacity for each
university as well as for the whole system as the project of innovation in higher
education of Vietnam in 2006-2020 has proposed evaluating, selecting, , REFERENCES
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