Report_Lê Ngọc Như Ý_60NNA1

NHA TRANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSLATION – INTERPRETATION INTERNSHIP REPORT TOPIC SOCIETY Supervisor ĐẶNG KIỀU DIỆP, M A Student Lê Ngọc Như Ý Student’s number 60137[.]

NHA TRANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSLATION – INTERPRETATION INTERNSHIP REPORT TOPIC: SOCIETY Supervisor Student Student’s number Class : ĐẶNG KIỀU DIỆP, M.A : Lê Ngọc Như Ý : 60137661 : 60.NNA-1 Nha Trang, 2022 NHA TRANG UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSLATION – INTERPRETATION INTERNSHIP REPORT ESCAPE TO THE COUNTRY: WILL PEOPLE LEAVE CITIES BEHIND POST-PANDEMIC? DI DÂN TỪ NÔNG THÔN DẾN THÀNH THỊ – MỘT SỐ KHUYẾN NGHỊ CHÍNH SÁCH Supervisor Student Student’s number Class : ĐẶNG KIỀU DIỆP, M.A : Lê Ngọc Như Ý : 60137661 : 60.NNA-1 Nha Trang, 2022 PREFACE Currently I am a senior studying English Language at Nha Trang University My specialization is Translation – Interpretation Before graduation, it is essential for every student to have an internship, as this is an important preparation for their chosen careers, and I am no exception As part of the course and curriculum, I had to a 6-week internship at the end of the seventh semester An internship is supposed to give one the opportunity to experience in a genuine work environment with professional people Unfortunately, due to the pandemic, I could only have my internship at home under the guidance of my supervisor, Mrs Dang Kieu Diep The main task was to translate two texts of my choice that relate to the same topic, society, as I selected In this report, I will explain my rationale for choosing society as the topic, describe my translation process during the internship as well as presenting the analyses and results of my work The paper also mentions some problems I encountered while translating the two texts and provides my suggestions on the course based on self-experience i ACKNOWLEDGE First and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to the Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Mrs Vo Nguyen Hong Lam, for creating favourable conditions for us to complete this internship successfully and safely during this hard time Secondly, it is my radiant sentiment to place my best regards, deepest appreciation to my supervisor, Mrs Dang Kieu Diep for providing precious and helpful guidance for which I was able to complete the work perfectly Thirdly, I would also like to convey my heartiest thanks to all of the lecturers of the Faculty of Foreign Languages for your conscientious guiding and teaching me in the last years Last but not least, I would like to thank my family and friends for always be by my side and supporting me physically and mentally ii TABLE OF CONTENT PREFACE i ACKNOWLEDGE ii TABLE OF CONTENT iii ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS iv CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Translation summary 1.2.1 Opportunities & Skills gained 1.2.2 Difficulties & Challenges 1.2.3 Recommendation regarding the Course CHAPTER II: TRANSLATION 2.1 English – Vietnamese Translation 2.1.1 Source Text Analysis 2.1.2 Translation Methods used 2.1.3 Glossary 2.1.4 Translation Practice 2.1 Vietnamese – English Translation 15 2.2.1 Source Text Analysis 15 2.2.2 Translation Methods used 16 2.2.3 Glossary 16 2.2.4 Translation Practice 17 CHAPTER III: CONCLUSION & EVALUATION 24 REFERENCES 25 iii ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS SL Source Language TL Target Language URL Uniform Resource Locator, the address of a given unique resource on the Web iv CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION Due to the pandemic, we all internships at home by translating two texts (one Vietnamese and one English) and writing a report on our work The two texts are required to be on the same topic; mine is “society” In this section, I am going to explain briefly why I chose this topic and summerise my translation process including opportunities and skills gained, difficulties and challenges arising during the internship Some suggestions on the course are also going to be given 1.1 Rationale For centuries, the society keeps developing and changing, either in a better or worse way However, it cannot change by itself, since it is “a group of people with common territory, interaction, and culture” (Society and Culture, n.d.) In other words, it can be understood that whether the society becomes better or worse is based on the way people act and react to each other and to the whole group For this reason, when going into the society, especially the social problems, there are plenty of things to talk and discuss about, such as poverty, employment, racism, migration, etc Therefore, I find society a very interesting topic By translating texts related to this topic, I have the opportunity to not only approach some facts about social life and issues in other countries but also share information about the situation of Vietnamese society to foreigners who may concern Migration is one of the common social problems It has never ended Partly because of my curiosity about this issue that I decided to choose two migrationrelated texts to translate in my internship I hope these translations can be fascinating and helpful to those who might be as curious as I am 1.2 Translation summary 1.2.1 Opportunities & Skills gained 1.2.1.1 Opportunities First and foremost, I did my internship at home, so it is very convenient and time-saving I could spend most of the time translating the texts and finishing the report Secondly, although I could not meet the supervisor in person to ask her directly, she was very active on the internet Thanks to that, I could easily contact with her whenever I had questions about the source texts as well as the report via email or social media, namely Zalo Thirdly, as this is a remote internship, I had to translate just two texts of my choice that were claimed to be appropriate by the supervisor Hence, I could pay full attention to translate and finish my tasks 1.2.1.2 Skills gained  Time managment skills During this internship, one of the most important skills that I gained is time management skills Staying at home, the most comfortable place in the world, can be a temptation to neglect the tasks Therefore, it is crucial for me to learn how to manage time effectively and complete the task on time  Text analysis skills I not often analyse a source text before translating it Usually, I read the whole source text for several times and highlight new words or phrases in the text Yet as part of the requirements, in this internship, I need to analyse each source text, thereby identifying the target readers and choosing the suitable translation methods and word choices to use in the translations After this internship, I think I will practice more on these skills  Searching information skills Furthermore, during the translation process, it is inevitable to encounter some terms or phrases that I did not know how to translate into the target language Therefore, I had to google them many times and read relevant examples to completely understand their meanings within the context of the source texts By doing so, my vocabulary has been improved 1.2.2 Difficulties & Challenges 1.2.2.1 Difficulties Along with those opportunities, there was one main difficulty during my remote internship It is the lack of hands-on experience An internship is supposed to be a period of time where juniors or seniors can experience working in a professional environment Through that, students are able to put what they have learned at university into practice and enhance their skills However, due to the pandemic, I had to my internship at home, so I did not have the opportunity to intern in a real work environment with professional people 1.2.2.2 Challenges As a result, it leads to several significant challenges for me during my remote internship that are disorganisation and distraction Staying at home makes people feel so comfortable that they can sometimes forget the duties, and I am no exception Besides, there are also plenty of distractions at home like TV, noises, etc For these reasons, I had to not only always keep myself focused but also learn how to organise schedule logically and effectively 1.2.3 Recommendation regarding the Course As far as I know, this has been the first time that the faculty of foreign languages allowed students to a remote internship Hence, there might be some unanticipated shortcomings, such as the lack of opportunities to experience working in a professional environment and the lack of full-time supervision throughout the remote internship After completing this 6-week internship, I would like to suggest some changes related to the course, especially the virtual one like this Firstly, about the source texts, to make it easier to find eligible source texts in terms of length and topic, I would suggest the length of source texts should be from 1200 – 1500 words as I found this a common lenghth of most texts Secondly, I would like to recommend a mid-internship mini test that is to (only) translate random short source texts (500-750 words) – one Vietnamese and one English – provided by the supervisors This can be considered as a test that assists the supervisors in supervising each student’s progress as well as (partly) assessing our translation skills during the internship These are two of my suggestions on such a remote internship based on my own experience I would be appreciate if lecturers could take them into considerations CHAPTER II: TRANSLATION This section is going to focus on my process of translating the two texts For each text, I am going to present the source text analysis, translation methods used, glossary and the translation practice 2.1 English – Vietnamese Translation 2.1.1 Source Text Analysis The source text is a lifestyle feature adopted from a website of a British online newspaper, The Independent As its title is “Escape to The Country: Will People Leave Cities Behind Post-Pandemic?”, the article focuses on providing various details about migration, especially the post-Covid one, in the UK and citing some people’s views of urban living and migration to the country Also, it mentions some significant events (such as the Great Plague, the 9/11 bombings, etc.) and life issues in cities (safety and rental prices, for example) that are considered to be the reasons why people left cities and moved to the country Spontaneously, by doing so, the author wants to tell the readers that city living is not as perfect as in their imagination and that it does have several shortcomings which have been demonstrated during and after the pandemic To make the article be more genuine, some statistics, figures and interviews were also provided For example:  “the most recent Public Health England data [for week beginning July] shows the highest number of deaths is in London (6,715) followed by the north west (6,589) and the south east (5,247).”;  “Of 1,000 people who signed up, 51 per cent wanted out of the capital compared to 20 per cent last year.”;  ““I think many young people are considering leaving,” he tells The Independent.” The article is written with a neutral tone and with merely basic words that most people can understand Furthermore, in this article the author mentioned a specific group of people – the young people; and those who were interviewed are all at any age from 25 to 39 Therefore, it is suggested that the author aims to approach mainly the young who are easily tempted by the “streets paved with gold” of city living Although the article is set in the UK, I found that in Vietnam we are also facing some similar problems during and after the pandemic; namely being stuck in our own houses and inflated prices Besides that, it is true that not only in the UK but also in Vietnam there are many young people thinking that city living has always been better than rural living Accordingly, I decided to translate this article for young4 in Margate or Bristol in 2021 Lucy sống Hiện tại, cô lên kế hoạch tiết kiệm, Moss, 39, from Manchester, and her husband Sasha, also say they have found lockdown made them more reflective about what they want for their family – bắt đầu tìm kiếm nhà Margate Bristol năm 2021 Lucy Moss, 39 tuổi, đến từ Manchester, chồng Sasha, cho biết and it isn’t city living “We had not thời gian phong tỏa họ nhận really been forced to think about it điều muốn làm cho gia đình – before lockdown – the city kept us busy việc sống thành phố không nằm But now nothing is here, we realise how số “Chúng tơi không nghĩ đến much we want to be closer to family and điều trước có lệnh phong tỏa – friends.” bận rộn Nhưng chẳng có cả, chúng tơi nhận thấy thật muốn gần với gia đình bạn bè đến nhường nào.” Of course migrating to the suburbs is not Tất nhiên việc di cư đến vùng ngoại ô unique to the Covid-era: Office for không xảy Covid xuất hiện: National Statistics (ONS) figures show theo số liệu từ Văn phòng thống 340,500 people left London in the 12 months up to June 2018, and 336,000 the year before (the largest numbers since 2012) Anthony Champion, professor of population geography at Newcastle University cites the ‘regional escalator’ model, which shows: “Young people are most likely to move in from the shires to achieve more rapid career progress than they felt they would at home, and then later in their lives cash in on their inflated urban house values and move out, either at family building age [before children] or nearer retirement.” kê quốc gia (ONS) có 340.500 người rời khỏi London vịng 12 tháng tính đến tháng 6/2018, năm ngoái 336.000 người (cao kể từ năm 2012) Anthony Champion, giáo sư địa lý dân số Đại học Newcastle đưa mơ hình “thang vùng” nhằm rằng: “Những người trẻ từ quận có xu hướng chuyển đến để đạt thăng tiến nhanh chóng nghiệp so với họ nhà, sau lợi dụng giá nhà thành phố tăng tăng cao lạm phát họ lại rời đi, kể độ tuổi lập gia đình [trước có con] hay nghỉ hưu.” But limited early data post-lockdown Nhưng từ liệu ỏi gần sau lệnh suggests we aren’t seeing just the phong tỏa thấy normal cycle of movement The number không đơn chu kỳ vận động of jobseekers wanting to get out of the thông thường Theo dịch vụ tư vấn nghề 11 capital has more than doubled in the last nghiệp, Escape the City, số người tìm fortnight compared with the same period in 2019, according to careers advisory service, Escape the City Of 1,000 people who signed up, 51 per cent việc muốn rời khỏi thủ đô tăng gấp đôi hai tuần qua so với kỳ năm 2019 Trong số 1.000 người đăng ký, có 51% muốn rời khỏi thủ đô, wanted out of the capital compared to 20 năm ngối có 20% Trong per cent last year A YouGov poll, thăm dò YouGov conducted exclusively with The thực độc quyền với The Independent, found many people, at a Independent, nhiều người, độ tuổi range of ages and stages in life (some giai đoạn khác homeowners, other renters), were sống (một số chủ nhà, số khác considering moving further because of remote working afield người thuê), cho biết thân cân nhắc việc chuyển để làm việc từ xa The proportion of buyers with London Tỷ lệ người mua có mã bưu điện London postcodes registering with estate đăng ký sở bất động sản agencies outside of the capital almost nằm ngồi thủ gần tăng gấp doubled in April Birmingham and Manchester buyers also showed increasing interest in rural house hunting, according to figures from Hamptons estate agency With the most popular destinations being Worthing in Sussex, Ipswich in Suffolk and Milton Keynes According to a May survey by estate agents Savills, four in 10 would now find a village location more appealing than before, with 71 per cent of younger buyers craving more outdoor space đôi vào tháng Theo số liệu từ sở bất động sản Hamptons, người mua Birmingham Manchester ngày quan tâm đến việc mua nhà vùng nông thôn Trong kể đến địa điểm tiếng Worthing Sussex, Ipswich Suffolk Milton Keynes Theo khảo sát hồi tháng đại lý bất động sản Savills, 10 người có người cảm thấy hứng thú với vùng làng quê trước, 71% người mua trẻ tuổi mong muốn có thêm khơng gian ngồi trời But this isn’t just about house buying Tuy nhiên, không chuyện Even for people who own homes in mua nhà Ngay người có cities, like 33-year-old Julia Nicholls nhà thành phố, điển Julia from Canary Wharf, the pandemic has Nicholls, 33 tuổi đến từ Canary Wharf given her a change in mind-set “As a đây, thay đổi quan điểm 12 kid I always dreamed of moving out of đại dịch xảy đến “Khi cịn my small town I fell in love with London aged seven, on school trips I always loved the transfer from Euston to London Bridge, I loved the smell of the đứa trẻ, mơ việc rời khỏi thị trấn nhỏ Năm tuổi, tơi mê đắm London, yêu lần di chuyển từ Euston đến Cầu London underground on a warm day (I still do), chuyến chơi trường, the bright lights and bustle.” yêu mùi đất vào ngày ấm áp (giờ thế), ánh đèn rực rỡ nhộn nhịp.” But lockdown has made her reassess her Nhưng lệnh phong tỏa khiến cô priorities, and she now wants to move to phải suy xét lại ưu tiên mình, Brighton “Lots of my friends are having cô muốn chuyển đến Brighton similar thoughts to me Especially those “Nhiều người bạn tôi, in their thirties They’re seeing how độ tuổi 30, có much it costs to live here and reassessing suy nghĩ Họ nhận sống whether it’s still worth it.” For Nicholls đắt đỏ cân nhắc xem being able to work remotely makes this liệu có đáng khơng.” Vì dream a possibility – several big UKbased employers have already publicly announced they are changing office setups: Twitter says employees can “work from home forever” and 13 per cent of London businesses polled for the London Chamber of Commerce said working from home would become standard practice làm việc từ xa, nên Nicholls thực giấc mơ – vài ơng chủ lớn có trụ sở Anh công khai thông báo việc thay đổi cách tổ chức phòng làm việc: Twitter cho biết nhân viên “làm việc nhà vĩnh viễn” có 13% doanh nghiệp London đồng tình với Phịng Thương mại London nói làm việc nhà trở thành thông lệ tiêu chuẩn Of course for many frontline or low wage workers, the option to work in a city 100 miles away from their employer is not on the table [ ] Champion says: “There have been suggestions that new technology could free up people to live Tất nhiên nhân viên tuyến đầu làm việc với mức lương thấp, họ khơng có lựa chọn khác làm việc thành phố nơi cách xa chủ 160 km [ ] Champion nói: “Có nhiều ý further from their workplaces and kiến cho với công nghệ Covid-19 has caused a lot more home người thoải mái làm việc từ xa working than usual Post-pandemic, it is nhờ Covid-19 số làm việc nhà 13 possible that more people will work tăng lên nhiều Sau đại dịch, from home This could indeed fuel a có nhiều người làm việc nhà spike in suburbanisation and counter- Điều định đẩy nhanh q urbanisation.” trình ngoại hóa phản thị hóa.” Kevin Ward, giáo sư địa lý nhân văn Đại học Manchester, đồng ý sau tương lai cơng nghệ sử dụng rộng rãi mà tưởng tượng nhiều Kevin Ward, professor of human geography at University of Manchester, agrees this could finally be the technology-enabled future we’ve been imagining for decades “In the 1970s there was a sense that technology would thập kỷ Ông cho biết: “Vào năm allow us to work less and work flexibly, 1970, ý niệm việc công nghệ giúp including working from home but it làm việc linh hoạt never really delivered,” he says, but hơn, bao gồm hình thức làm việc going forward it is likely to be nhà, nhiên điều chưa đạt “geographically and socially uneven” in cả,” tương lai its application, as some can afford to get người làm việc nhà tình out of the city while others cannot trạng “mất cân xứng mặt địa lý xã hội” khả cao xảy ra, lẽ có số người rời khỏi thành phố số khác lại không And Champion warns this mass movement will be made much harder for many if there is a recession, which is already widely forecast to be as bad, if not worse, than after the 2008 financial Thêm vào đó, Champion cịn cảnh báo việc di cư đơng đảo gây khó khăn cho nhiều người suy thoái kinh tế diễn ra, điều vốn dự báo trước tệ khơng muốn nói crash “If there is a severe recession coming along, it looks like it is affecting cities more than elsewhere so residents may be trapped by house price dips there,” he says tệ sau lần sụp đổ tài vào năm 2008 Ơng nói: “Nếu tới xảy đợt suy thối kinh tế nghiêm trọng, thành phố bị ảnh hưởng nhiều so với nơi khác, cư dân thành phố bị mắc kẹt lại giá nhà bị giảm mạnh.” Whether the post-Covid migration ends Cho dù di cư hậu Covid khép lại up being another urban pipe dream (one giấc mơ viễn vông thành thị you entertain after a few glasses of wine, (điều tiêu khiển bạn có sau nốc vài 14 but never sober), or just the continuation ly rượu, không tỉnh lại), of an age-old cycle (young people move in, older people move out), we have collectively witnessed the shortcomings of cities in a time of crisis tiếp diễn chu trình quen thuộc (người trẻ dọn đến, người già dọn đi), chứng kiến khiếm khuyết tồn chốn thành thị thời kỳ khủng hoảng 2.1 Vietnamese – English Translation 2.2.1 Source Text Analysis The source text is cited from a column adopted from a Vietnamese online newspaper, State management review As its title is “Di dân từ nông thôn dến thành thị – số khuyến nghị sách” (which is roughly translated as “Migration from the countryside to urban areas – some policy recommendations), the text discusses mainly about the migration issue among rural people, particularly the reality and reasons of migration from the countryside to urban areas In the full version of this text, some policy recommendations are also provided; however, due to one of the requirements, the text was just partly cited In the column, the reality of migration from the countryside to urban areas was written in details with many statistics and figures provided For example:  “Năm 1986 tỷ lệ dân cư sống thị Việt Nam chiếm khoảng 19%, đến năm 2013 tỷ lệ đạt gần 34% Năm 2019, dân số thành phố Hà Nội khoảng triệu dân; TP Hồ Chí Minh 10 triệu dân, thuộc diện thành phố lớn khu vực 1.”  “Theo Tổng cục Thống kê, năm 2015, 13,6% tổng dân số người di cư, đó, người di cư nhóm tuổi từ 19-59 tuổi chiếm 17,3%.” Furthermore, the author also pointed out several main causes and suggested some policies to help the rural migrants Hence, the target readers that the author aims to are the State and the local governments, and perhaps those who concern about this issue I translated the text for those who are may have concerns about social issues in Vietnam 15 2.2.2 Translation Methods used Similar to the English source text, I chose to use the faithful translation method to translate this text, since it is a column that concerns facts and true information In this text, I also applied some of the translation techniques that have been already mentioned previously to translate some sentences or phrases that I could not find equivalents in the TL when translating the Vietnamese text into English Some examples are going to be showed in the table below: SL sentences/phrases Translation techniques used Đồng thời, lối sống đô thị ngày định hình rõ nét Transposition Dân cư thành thị có nhiều lợi so với dân cư nông thôn Expansion Spontaneously, the form of urban living has become even clearer verb  noun But urban residents have more benefits than rural people during the trình phát triển Năm 19861 tỷ lệ dân cư sống thị Việt Nam chiếm khoảng 19%, đến năm 20131 tỷ lệ đạt gần 34%2 Final translations development process Transposition: word orders Reduction Dự báo đến năm 2025 Reformulation dân số lên 12 triệu dân (không kể khách vãng lai) 20 năm sau lên đến 17 triệu dân The proportion of people living in cities in Vietnam was about 19% in 19861 and nearly 34%2 in 20131 It is predicted that the population will be more than 12 million people until 2025 (regardless of non-residents) and up to 17 million in 2045 2.2.3 Glossary Terms (source language) Equivalents (target language) (mức độ) thị hóa (level of) urbanization “nữ hóa” di cư “feminization” of migration cơng nghiệp hóa industrialization 16 cơng việc lao động chân tay manual labour jobs Cuộc điều tra tiếp cận nguồn lực Vietnam Access to Resources nông thôn Household Survey đặc điểm nhân học dân demographic characteristics of cư thành thị/nông thôn urban/rural residents dân cư resident dân nhập cư immigrant dân số population 10 di cư migrate 11 di cư nội địa internal/domestic migration 12 di dân migrant 13 điều kiện kinh tế thuận lợi favorable economic conditions 14 điều kiện nhà housing conditions 15 đô thị (hay thành phố) cities 16 hộ / hộ gia đình household 17 khu chế xuất export processing zone 18 khu công nghiệp industrial zone 19 lao động thời vụ seasonal labourer 20 người vãng lai non-resident 21 nhập cư immigrate 22 nông thôn the countryside/ rural areas 23 quy mơ gia đình family size 24 thành thị urban areas 25 thúc đẩy prompt (somebody to something) 26 tiện nghi sống life amenities 27 Tổng cục thống kê General Statistics Office 28 tổng điều tra dân số population census 29 tỷ lệ proportion 30 tỷ lệ có việc làm employment-to-population ratio 2.2.4 Translation Practice The information of the source text: 17  Title: Di dân từ nông thôn đến thành thị – Một số khuyến nghị sách  Author: Nguyễn Viết Định  Publicaion time: 2020  Website: Tạp chí Quản lý nhà nước (State management Review)  URL: https://www.quanlynhanuoc.vn/2020/12/22/di-dan-tu-nongthon-den-thanh-thi-mot-so-khuyen-nghi-chinh-sach/# DI DÂN TỪ NÔNG THÔN DẾN MIGRATION FROM THE THÀNH THỊ – MỘT SỐ KHUYẾN NGHỊ CHÍNH SÁCH COUNTRYSIDE TO URBAN AREAS – SOME POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS Thực trạng di dân từ nông thôn đến The reality of migration from the thành thị thời gian qua countryside to cities in the past time Trong thập niên vừa qua, q trình cơng Over the past decades, industrialization nghiệp hóa thị hóa diễn and urbanization have been leading to a tăng trưởng mạnh mẽ dân cư strong growth in population in urban vùng thành thị Đồng thời, lối sống đô areas Spontaneously, the form of urban thị ngày định hình rõ nét Đặc living has become even clearer There điểm nhân học dân cư thành thị khác biệt đáng kể so với dân cư nơng thơn, như: quy mơ gia đình thành thị nhỏ hơn; người dân thành thị kết hôn muộn có Dân cư thành thị có nhiều lợi so với dân cư are several significant distinctions between the demographic characteristics of urban residents and those of rural residents For example, in cities, family sizes are smaller; also, people gets married later and having nơng thơn q trình phát triển: điều kiện nhà tốt hơn, có nhiều hội tiếp cận với tiện nghi sống điện lưới, nước hợp vệ sinh điều kiện học tập làm việc mơi trường địi hỏi đào tạo chun môn Những lợi thể rõ nét địa bàn có mức độ thị hóa fewer children But urban residents have more benefits than rural people during the development process: better housing conditions, more opportunities to approach life amenities like electricity, hygienic water and education as well as work environment where professional training is required These benefits are cao Điều làm tăng thêm sức evident in areas with high level of hấp dẫn thành phố lớn thúc urbanization Those are what makes big cities become more and more attractive 18 đẩy tăng trưởng dân số mạnh mẽ and what prompts the strong growth in khu vực population in these regions Theo đánh giá Ngân hàng Thế giới According to the evaluation of World (WB), Việt Nam Bank (WB), Vietnam is one of the nước có tốc độ thị hóa cao Đông Nam Á Năm 1986 tỷ lệ dân cư sống thị Việt Nam chiếm khoảng 19%, đến năm 2013 tỷ lệ đạt gần 34% Năm 2019, dân số thành phố Hà Nội countries that have the highest level of urbanization in Southeast Asia The proportion of people living in cities in Vietnam was about 19% in 1986 and nearly 34% in 2013 In 2019, the khoảng triệu dân; TP Hồ Chí Minh population of Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh 10 triệu dân, thuộc diện thành City was about million people and phố lớn khu vực Với tốc độ more than 10 million respectively Both phát triển đô thị hóa dân số thành thị cities are considered as the largest cities gia tăng nay, Việt Nam phải of the area With the current increasing đối mặt với nhiều vấn đề phức tạp nảy growth of urbanization and urban sinh, như: thiếu việc làm; thiếu hụt nhà population, Vietnam will have to face ở; ô nhiễm mơi trường… Điều địi hỏi lots of complicated problems arising, cần có quan tâm lớn đến vấn đề such as: lack of employment, housing đô thị hóa Việt Nam shortage, environmental pollution, etc That requires greater attention to urbanization problems in Vietnam today Theo Tổng cục Thống kê, năm 2015, According to the General Statistics 13,6% tổng dân số người di cư, Office, in 2015, 13,6% of the total đó, người di cư nhóm tuổi từ 19- population were migrants, 17,3% of 59 tuổi chiếm 17,3% Di cư chủ yếu lý học tập lao động nên phần lớn người di cư có độ tuổi 15-39 tuổi, chiếm tỷ lệ 84% so với tổng số người di cư Những vùng có điều kiện kinh tế thuận lợi có tỷ lệ người di cư đến cao, ví dụ: vùng Đơng Nam Bộ có tỷ lệ người di cư làm việc cao nước (87,8%); them aged from 19 to 59 Mainly, they migrated for studying and working so that most of migrants aged from 15 to 39, accounting for 84% of the total number of migrants The proportion of migrants moving to regions with favorable economic conditions are very high, namely: Southeast region is đồng sông Hồng (81%)… Hiện highest (87,8%); next is Mekong River Delta (81%) Today, the phenomenon called “feminization” of migration is 19 ... SỐ KHUYẾN NGHỊ CHÍNH SÁCH Supervisor Student Student’s number Class : ĐẶNG KIỀU DIỆP, M.A : Lê Ngọc Như Ý : 60137661 : 60.NNA-1 Nha Trang, 2022 PREFACE Currently I am a senior studying English... family and điều trước có lệnh phong tỏa – friends.” bận rộn Nhưng chẳng có cả, chúng tơi nhận thấy thật muốn gần với gia đình bạn bè đến như? ??ng nào.” Of course migrating to the suburbs is not Tất... property but am unable to so in London Now I am remote working so I don’t need to be in the city.” [Nhưng] muốn mua nhà nhiên London điều khơng thể Giờ đây, tơi làm việc từ xa nên chẳng việc phải