(LUẬN văn THẠC sĩ) REHABILITATION OF SAN DIEGO RIVER a TRIBUTARY OF STA CRUZ RIVER SYSTEM TO IMPROVE ITS WATER QUALITY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF NAGCARLAN, LAGUNA, PHILIPPINES

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY ELAIZA CHARM A TIZON REHABILITATION OF SAN DIEGO RIVER A TRIBUTARY OF STA CRUZ RIVER SYSTEM TO IMPROVE ITS WATER QUALITY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF NAGCARLAN, LAGUNA, PHILIPPINES BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode: Full-time Major : Environmental Science and Management Faculty : Advanced Education Program Batch : 2014-2018 Type : On-the-Job Training (OJT) Thai Nguyen, 23/09/2019 download by : skknchat@gmail.com DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program BS Environmental Science and Management Student name Elaiza Charm A Tizon Student ID DTN1454290101 Rehabilitation of San Diego River a tributary of Sta Thesis Title Cruz River System to improve its water quality in the Municipality of Nagcarlan, Laguna, Philippines Supervisor (s) For Melvin L Lalican Dr Nguyen Van Hieu EMS II / SMO Laguna Focal Supervisor’s signature Abstract: San Diego River is an important tributary of the Sta Cruz River System located in Nagcarlan, Laguna, Philippines The river is one of the sources of water for the irrigation of rice fields in Nagcarlan and provides food and livelihood to its residents However, due to the large amount of wastes produced by the residential, commercial establishments and backyard farms, the water quality of the river continuously deteriorated The Rehabilitation project of San Diego River is one of the Manila Bay Rehabilitation Plan which aims to identify the issues and concerns that hamper the improvement of the water quality of the river This paper provides an overview of the current condition of the San Diego River It focuses on the overall experience of the student as a trainee, and participation in the various activities of the project The implementation is a joint undertaking of the Manila Bay – Site Management Office-Laguna (SMOLaguna) of the Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) and Regional Office-IV-A under the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) The project is in collaboration with the Local Government ii download by : skknchat@gmail.com Unit (LGU) of Nagcarlan, and the cooperation of the selected barangays Moreover, this report will serve as a baseline towards the future river water restoration and rehabilitation in the Philippines River Rehabilitation, Water Quality, Deterioration, Keywords Coliform, Waste Management, San Diego River Number of Pages 50 Date of Submission September 23, 2019 iii download by : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I thank Him for His word that keeps on reminding me that “I can all things through Christ who strengthens me.” Phil 4:13, for giving this life, for the problems and challenges that built me as a person, and for the opportunities and life-changing experiences To my family (specially to Ama, Ina, Kuya and Bebe) for the endless love and support in every way possible, to my high school principal Mrs Milagros Tetangco, to LAPRISADA, to Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry (TUAF) and to the TUAF Director, Mr Duong Van Thao and Dr Nguyen The Hung for giving me the opportunity to be part of their Advance Education Program (AEP) and be one of the Bachelor of Science in Environmental Science and Management (BSESM) students I also want to express my deepest gratitude to Church of Christ (COC) family, to my friends “Barbie Girls” (lea, angelika, ella, nina, aly); K3 Friends and cousins who are always there for me, to Dr Nguyen Van Hieu, as my teacher/supervisor, to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) - Manila Bay Coordinating Office (MBCO) Region IV-A and Site Management Office (SMO) PENRO Laguna, to my supervisors and co-workers, for giving me a chance to be their intern, and allowing me to go on field and experience a lot of things Also, I would like to give thanks to the DENR IV-A OIC-Regional Directors Dr Sofio B Quintana, Arsenio N Tanchuling, Conservation and Development Division Forester Oliver B Viado, OIC-Human Resource Development Section Mrs Virginia Regodon, and to the Regional Executive Assistant Mr Jefferson Cruz Great appreciation also to the Deputy Site Manager of the MBCO Forester Cynthia Rozaldo (Mam Inkyt), as my supervisor in the first month of the internship, to Ate Rona, Kuya Renzo, Kuya Maynard, Ate Wella, Ate Rika, Kuya Mon, Ate Lea, Kuya Charlie, and the whole MBCO Family, to PENRO Roberto A Oliveros (PENRO Obet) and PENRO Ronilo L Salac, Ate Anly, Ate Cherry, Allan Rey Tato, Kuya Danilo, Ate Zanne, Ate Abi, Ate Julie, Kuya Jai, Sir Michael, Ma’am Gie, Ma’am Bet and Ma’am Divine, Tita Jing, Tita Hermie, and the whole PENRO Laguna Family that whole-heartedly accept me as a family iv download by : skknchat@gmail.com member in the organization Nevertheless, I am most thankful to Sir Melvin L Lalican, the focal person of the SMO Laguna, as well as my mentor and “tatay” (father) in the department who with all he can provides all the support I needed I humbly give thanks to Mrs Tetangco (Mam Agie), my high school principal in the Philippines who never forget us despite of her busy schedules, for the last minute editing, grammar check, and making this study a lot easier Thank you so much po for the all the kindness and guidance you gave me I can’t express how thankful I am to Ate Rona, who also provides supervision on the making of this study, for treating me as her sister/best friend, for everything she did for me Your kindness will always be appreciated To all the people, who with all they can, helped me in making my onthe-job training a possible one To all who guided me on what I should and what I shouldn’t, for welcoming me, give love and support that wasn’t expected, on letting me learn and experience new things, helped me answer all the questions I needed and made me realize how indeed vital my course and the environment is To all who supported me throughout this journey thank you! I hope I expressed how grateful I am with this Author Elaiza Charm A Tizon v download by : skknchat@gmail.com TABLE OF CONTENT DOCUMENTATION PAGE WITH ABSTRACT ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv TABLE OF CONTENTS vi LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PART I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Objectives 13 1.2.1 General Objective 13 1.3 Contents of work 15 1.4 Profile of the cooperating agency 16 1.5 Description of activities 17 1.6 Timeline 21 PART II LITERATURE REVIEW 22 2.1 International Literature Review 22 2.2 National Literature Review 23 PART III.STATUS OF THE CONSIDERED ISSUE AT THE TRAINING AGENCY 25 3.1 Poor Water Quality of San Diego River 25 3.1.1 Projects/Program of Activities of SMO Laguna 26 3.1.2 Other Activities 33 3.1.3 Conduct of Environmental Events 39 download by : skknchat@gmail.com vi PART IV.DISCUSSION AND LESSONS LEARNED 46 4.1 Discussion 46 4.2 Lessons Learned 47 PART V CONCLUSION 49 REFERENCES 51 APPENDICES 54 vi i download by : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF FIGURES Figure Sta Cruz River System 10 Figure Map showing the Location of San Diego River Nagcarlan, Laguna 11 Figure Drone shot of the Municipality of Nagcarlan, Laguna 12 Figure 4.Map showing the two sampling sites of the San Diego River 26 Figure TWG Meeting of SMO with MENROs Representatives 28 Figure Photos of FGD and CEPA in Barangay Bambang 29 Figure Photos of FGD and CEPA in Barangay Poblacion 30 Figure Photos of the Actual Clean-up and some garbage collected in San DiegoRiver 31 Figure Sample of the Information, Education and Communication Material (IEC) 32 Figure 10 2nd Provincial Technical Working Group Meeting 33 Figure 11 Proper Animal Wastes Disposal Seminar 34 Figure 12.Site visit on the selected backyard piggeries along the San Diego River35 Figure 13 Semi-annual Evaluation Workshop 36 Figure 14 Fermented mudballs and Sample of tossed Bokashi ball in the water 37 Figure 15 Doormat/Pot Holder (left), Paper Beads Making (right) 38 Figure 16 Installed Trash trap installed in San Diego river, Nagcarlan, Laguna 38 Figure 17 Photo-documentation of Biñan River Clean-up 39 Figure 18 Philippine Environment Month three-day exhibit at SM Calamba 40 Figure 19 Water Quality Monitoring Result Chart (Station 1- Bambang) 42 Figure 20 Water Quality Monitoring Result Chart (Station 2- Poblacion 2) 44 download by : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF TABLES Table 1.Result of water quality sampling in San Diego River 27 Table Water Quality Monitoring Result (Station 1- Bambang) 41 Table Water Quality Monitoring Result (Station 2- Poblacion 2) 43 download by : skknchat@gmail.com LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ABMP Area Based Management Plan BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand CALABARZON Calamba, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon CEPA Communication, Education and Public Awareness CWA – Clean Water Act or RA 9275 DA Department of Agriculture DAO Department Administrative Order DOH – Department of Health DBM Department of Budget and Management DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DepEd Department of Education DILG Department of Interior and Local Government DOH Department of Health DPWH Department of Public Works and Highways EM Effective Microorganisms EMB Environment and Management Bureau ESWM Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 or RA 9003 FGD Focus Group Discussion GES General Effluent Standard GIS Geographic Information System IEC Information, Education and Communication LWUA Local Water Utilities Administration MBCO Manila Bay Coordinating Office download by : skknchat@gmail.com political will and weak implementation of environmental laws of LGU, insufficient government funding, human discipline and behaviour of the residents to participate and cooperate with projects and mandates, also with the lack of support and coordination with the concerned national agencies for possible provision of assistance Aside from these, natural disasters such as floods and droughts, have constantly plagued the country and added on the negative result of the water quality of the river The conducted projects and activities of the government for the adopt-ariver program is still highly recommended, otherwise, some appropriate technology have made a huge impact on the good result water quality of the river specially the application of the biogas technology and bokashi mudballs, also with the river clean-up activity, FGD/CEPA and the dissemination of IEC which enhanced the knowledge and awareness of the people on the government’s programs and their current environmental problems Further, if the program and activities of the government are conducted and well-applied, combined with the strong political will, discipline and behavioural change of the people, the river may one day be more beneficial to the community Therefore, this can be a good starting point towards the development of future river rehabilitations projects in the Philippines and sustainable change throughout the country 50 download by : skknchat@gmail.com REFERENCES Borgen Magazine October, 2016 Water Pollution in the Philippines: Causes and Solutions Retrieved from https://www.borgenmagazine.com/waterpollution-in-the-philippines/ Department of Environment and Natural Resources 2019 Manila Bay Clean Up Program Retrieved from https://www.denr.gov.ph/index.php?id=794&page=80&sort=&filter=&sea rchword Department of Environment and Natural Resources 2016 Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016 Retrieved from https://server2.denr.gov.ph/uploads/rmdd/dao-2016-08.pdf Department of Health April 2016 Coliform Bacteria and Drinking Water Retrieved from https://www.doh.wa.gov/Portals/1/Documents/Pubs/331181.pdf Environmental Management Bureau 2016 Annual Report for CY 2016 Retrieved from https://emb.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/EMBANNUAL-REPORT-FOR-CY-2016.pdf Evans, Alexandra & Hanjra, Munir & Jiang, Yunlu & Qadir, Manzoor & Drechsel, Pay 2012 Water Quality: Assessment of the Current Situation in Asia International Journal of Water Resources Development - INT J WATER RESOUR DEV 28 195-216 10.1080/07900627.2012.669520 Gorme, Joan & Maniquiz-Redillas, Marla & Song, Pum & Kim, Lee-Hyung 2010 The Water Quality of the Pasig River in the City of Manila, 51 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Philippines Current Status, Management and Future Recovery Environmental Engineering Research 15 173-179 10.4491/eer.2010.15.3.173 Green Peace September, 2010 The State of Freshwater Sources in the Philippines Retrieved from https://www.greenpeace.org/archiveseasia/ph/What-we-do/Toxics/Water-Patrol/The-problem/#a1 Joan, G., M.R Marla, S Pum, and L.H Kim 2010 The Water Quality of the Pasig River in the City of Manila, Philippines: Current Status, Management and Future Recovery Environmental Engineering Research 15(3):173-179 Manila Bay Site Coordinating Management Office 2019 2nd Quarter Narrative Report on Manila Bay Rehabilitation Department of Environment and Natural Resources Region IV-A Martinico-perez, M F G., Hara, J P., & Cabrestante, M P 1996 Evaluation of Water Quality of Major Rivers in Palawan, Philippines Using PhysicoChemical Parameters and Water Quality Index Mishra, A & Mukherjee, A & Tripathi, B 2009 Seasonal and Temporal Variations in Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Characteristics of River Ganga in Varanasi International Journal of Environmental Research (ISSN: 1735-6865) Vol Num 3 10.12944/CWE.2.2.08 Site Management Office Laguna 2018 Comprehensive Report: Rehabilitation of San Diego River in Nagcarlan, Laguna Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office Department of Environment and Natural 52 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Resources Syed, Sabir 2006 Solid and Liquid Waste Management Emirates Journal for Engineering Research 11 19-36 Water Environment Partnership in Asia Undated State of Water: Philippines Retrieved from http://www.wepadb.net/policies/state/philippines/overview.htm Wijetunga, Somasiri 2009 Biogas as an Appropriate Technology For Resource Poor Families to Meet Their Energy and Fertilizer Needs; A Case Study in Madina East On the Adoption of Technology For Poor Family with Marginal Resources Yu, Carlyne & Sajor, Edsel 2007 Urban River Rehabilitation: A Case Study in Marikina City, Philippines Asian Institute of Technology Retrieved frohttp://www.wepa-db.net/pdf/0810forum/paper35.pd 53 download by : skknchat@gmail.com APPENDICES Appendix Certificate of Completion Appendix 1.1 Completion of March 2018 (DENR Region IV-A) 54 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 1.2 Completion of April to June 2018 (SMO PENRO Laguna) 55 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix Compilation of Daily Time Record Appendix 2.1 Time Record (April to June 2018) 53 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 3.Compilation of TravelnOrders Appendix 3.1.TO No 0334 (April 5, 2018) Appendix 3.2 TO No 0335 (April 6, 2018) 54 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 3.3.TO No 18-0390 (April 19, 2018) Appendix 3.4.TO No 18-0461 (May 4, 2018) 55 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 3.5.TO No 018-0498 (May 11, 2018) Appendix 3.6.TO No 018-0503 (May 15, 2018) 56 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 3.7.TO No 018-0621 (June 5-6, 2018) Appendix 3.8.Special Order No 18-24 (June 15, 2018) 57 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 3.9.TO No 018-0673 (June 23, 2018) Appendix 3.10.TO No 018-0693 (June 27, 2018) 58 download by : skknchat@gmail.com Appendix 4.Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standard DAO 2016-08 (Water Quality Guidelines for Primary Parameters) 59 download by : skknchat@gmail.com 60 download by : skknchat@gmail.com 61 download by : skknchat@gmail.com ... field of study The trainee was assigned to participate in the activities of the ? ?Rehabilitation of San Diego River a tributary of Sta Cruz River System to improve its water quality in the Municipality. .. for the rehabilitation of San Diego River in the Municipality of Nagcarlan in line with the continued implementation of the Area-Based Management Plan of Sta Cruz River System It 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Rehabilitation of San Diego River a tributary of Sta Thesis Title Cruz River System to improve its water quality in the Municipality of Nagcarlan, Laguna, Philippines Supervisor (s) For Melvin