Ubuntu&Server&Guide&14.04<S& Ubuntu Server Guide Copyright © 2014 Contributors to the document Abstract Welcome to the Ubuntu Server Guide! It contains information on how to install and configure various server applications on your Ubuntu system to fit your needs It is a step-by-step, task-oriented guide for configuring and customizing your system Credits and License This document is maintained by the Ubuntu documentation team (https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DocumentationTeam) A list of contributors is below This document is made available under the Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0 License (CC-BY-SA) You are free to modify, extend, and improve the Ubuntu documentation source code under the terms of this license All derivative works must be released under this license This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AS DESCRIBED IN THE DISCLAIMER A copy of the license is available here: Creative Commons ShareAlike License1 Contributors to this document are: • Members of the Ubuntu Documentation Project2 • Members of the Ubuntu Server Team3 • Contributors to the Community Help Wiki4 • Other contributors can be found in the revision history of the serverguide5 and ubuntu-docs6 bzr branches available on Launchpad http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc https://launchpad.net/~ubuntu-server https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ https://code.launchpad.net/serverguide https://code.launchpad.net/ubuntu-docs Table of Contents Introduction 1 Support 2 Installation Preparing to Install Installing from CD Upgrading Advanced Installation 10 Kernel Crash Dump 17 Package Management 20 Introduction 21 dpkg 22 Apt-Get 23 Aptitude 25 Automatic Updates 27 Configuration 29 References 31 Networking 32 Network Configuration 33 TCP/IP 42 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) 46 Time Synchronisation with NTP 49 DM-Multipath 51 Device Mapper Multipathing 52 Multipath Devices 55 Setting up DM-Multipath Overview 58 The DM-Multipath Configuration File 62 DM-Multipath Administration and Troubleshooting 74 Remote Administration 79 OpenSSH Server 80 Puppet 83 Zentyal 86 Network Authentication 90 OpenLDAP Server 91 Samba and LDAP 117 Kerberos 123 Kerberos and LDAP 131 Domain Name Service (DNS) 138 Installation 139 Configuration 140 Troubleshooting 146 iii Ubuntu Server Guide References Security User Management Console Security Firewall AppArmor Certificates eCryptfs 10 Monitoring Overview Nagios Munin 11 Web Servers HTTPD - Apache2 Web Server PHP5 - Scripting Language Squid - Proxy Server Ruby on Rails Apache Tomcat 12 Databases MySQL PostgreSQL 13 LAMP Applications Overview Moin Moin MediaWiki phpMyAdmin WordPress 14 File Servers FTP Server Network File System (NFS) iSCSI Initiator CUPS - Print Server 15 Email Services Postfix Exim4 Dovecot Server Mailman Mail Filtering 16 Chat Applications Overview IRC Server Jabber Instant Messaging Server iv 150 151 152 158 159 166 170 175 177 178 179 183 185 186 194 196 198 200 204 205 210 213 214 215 217 219 221 224 225 229 231 234 237 238 246 249 251 257 264 265 266 268 Ubuntu Server Guide 17 Version Control System 270 Bazaar 271 Git 272 Subversion 275 References 280 18 Samba 281 Introduction 282 File Server 283 Print Server 286 Securing File and Print Server 288 As a Domain Controller 293 Active Directory Integration 297 19 Backups 299 Shell Scripts 300 Archive Rotation 304 Bacula 307 20 Virtualization 312 libvirt 313 Cloud images and uvtool 318 Ubuntu Cloud 322 LXC 323 21 Control Groups 338 Overview 339 Filesystem 340 Delegation 341 Manager 342 Resources 343 22 Clustering 344 DRBD 345 23 VPN 348 OpenVPN 349 24 Other Useful Applications 362 pam_motd 363 etckeeper 365 Byobu 367 References 369 A Appendix 370 Reporting Bugs in Ubuntu Server Edition 371 v List of Tables 2.1 Recommended Minimum Requirements 5.1 Priority Checker Conversion 52 5.2 DM-Multipath Components 53 5.3 Multipath Configuration Defaults 66 5.4 Multipath Attributes 70 5.5 Device Attributes 72 5.6 Useful multipath Command Options 77 17.1 Access Methods 276 vi Chapter Introduction Welcome to the Ubuntu Server Guide! Here you can find information on how to install and configure various server applications It is a stepby-step, task-oriented guide for configuring and customizing your system This guide assumes you have a basic understanding of your Ubuntu system Some installation details are covered in Chapter 2, Installation [p 3], but if you need detailed instructions installing Ubuntu please refer to the Ubuntu Installation Guide1 A HTML version of the manual is available online at the Ubuntu Documentation website2 https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/installation-guide/ https://help.ubuntu.com Introduction Support There are a couple of different ways that Ubuntu Server Edition is supported, commercial support and community support The main commercial support (and development funding) is available from Canonical Ltd They supply reasonably priced support contracts on a per desktop or per server basis For more information see the Canonical Services3 page Community support is also provided by dedicated individuals, and companies, that wish to make Ubuntu the best distribution possible Support is provided through multiple mailing lists, IRC channels, forums, blogs, wikis, etc The large amount of information available can be overwhelming, but a good search engine query can usually provide an answer to your questions See the Ubuntu Support4 page for more information http://www.canonical.com/services/support http://www.ubuntu.com/support Chapter Installation This chapter provides a quick overview of installing Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Server Edition For more detailed instructions, please refer to the Ubuntu Installation Guide1 https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/installation-guide/ Installation Preparing to Install This section explains various aspects to consider before starting the installation 1.1 System Requirements Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Server Edition supports three (3) major architectures: Intel x86, AMD64 and ARM The table below lists recommended hardware specifications Depending on your needs, you might manage with less than this However, most users risk being frustrated if they ignore these suggestions Table 2.1 Recommended Minimum Requirements Install Type CPU Hard Drive Space RAM Base System All Tasks Installed Server (Standard) gigahertz 512 megabytes gigabyte 1.75 gigabytes Server (Minimal) 300 megahertz 192 megabytes 700 megabytes 1.4 gigabytes The Server Edition provides a common base for all sorts of server applications It is a minimalist design providing a platform for the desired services, such as file/print services, web hosting, email hosting, etc 1.2 Server and Desktop Differences There are a few differences between the Ubuntu Server Edition and the Ubuntu Desktop Edition It should be noted that both editions use the same apt repositories, making it just as easy to install a server application on the Desktop Edition as it is on the Server Edition The differences between the two editions are the lack of an X window environment in the Server Edition and the installation process 1.2.1 Kernel Differences: Ubuntu version 10.10 and prior, actually had different kernels for the server and desktop editions Ubuntu no longer has separate -server and -generic kernel flavors These have been merged into a single -generic kernel flavor to help reduce the maintenance burden over the life of the release When running a 64-bit version of Ubuntu on 64-bit processors you are not limited by memory addressing space To see all kernel configuration options you can look through /boot/config-3.13.0-server Also, Linux Kernel in a Nutshell2 is a great resource on the options available http://www.kroah.com/lkn/ .. .Ubuntu Server Guide Copyright © 2014 Contributors to the document Abstract Welcome to the Ubuntu Server Guide! It contains information on how to install and configure various server applications... to the Ubuntu Installation Guide1 A HTML version of the manual is available online at the Ubuntu Documentation website2 https://help .ubuntu. com /14.04/ installation -guide/ https://help .ubuntu. com... overview of installing Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Server Edition For more detailed instructions, please refer to the Ubuntu Installation Guide1 https://help .ubuntu. com /14.04/ installation -guide/ Installation Preparing