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BECAUSE & BECAUSE OF / ALTHOUGH & IN SPITE OF BECAUSE & BECAUSE OF / ALTHOUGH & IN SPITE OF I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: 1. ……… the rain, the stadium was full of football fans. A. Although B. In spite of C. Because D. Because of 2. I didn’t go to the meeting ……… I was busy writing a report. A. despite B. because of C. though D. because 3. She went to bed early ……… she was tired last night. A. because B. since C. as D. All are correct 5. ……… it was raining heavily he went out without a raincoat. A. Although B. In spite of C. However D. In spite 4. ……… I love you, I cannot let you have any more money. A. Much as B. Whether C. Also D. However 5. ……… all the difficulties, John managed to finish his higher education. A. With B. In spite of C. Although D. Even with 6. I did it ……… they asked me to. A. because B. because of C. so D. by the reason 7. I’ve got to stay at home doing the decorating ……… going away on holiday. A. in spite of B. instead of C. because of D. on behalf of 8. I wonder who drank all the milk yesterday. It can’t have been Jane ……… she was out all day. A. although B. because C. due to D. but 9. He got an excellent grade in his exam ……… he had worked hard. A. because B. in spite of C. though D. on account of 10. ……… his bag leg, he couldn’t walk so fast as the others. A. Because B. Because of C. The reason D. Since 11. ……… her good look, she got the job as a model A. As B. Since C. Because D. Because of 12. ……… my father is old, he still goes jogging. A. Despite B. Because C. Although D. Since 13. They promised to write ……… we never heard from them again. A. but B. except C. although D. because 14. ……… you hurry, you won’t catch the bus. A. As B. Although C. Unless D. Except 15. ……… the wet weather, the football match went ahead. A. In spite of B. However C. Owing to D. Although 16. I tried to do my homework ……… the noise. A. because of B. in spite of C. although D. despite of 17. He got the job ……… having no qualifications. A. although B. despite of C. but D. in spite of 18. Joe studied very hard. ………, he got high marks in the test. A. Because B. So that C. Although D. As a result 19. My brother has turned down the job, ………. the attractive salary. A. because of B. although C. in spite of D. despite of 20. Mary searched all over the house ……… could not find the key. A. but B. although C. however D. because 21. ……… Mary didn’t like Tom, she agreed to work with him on the project. A. Since B. However C. Despite D. Although 22. ……… all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself. A. Instead of B. In spite of C. Although D. Because 23. We came late ……… . A. because of the bad weather B. because the bad weather C. because of the badly weather D. because the badly weather 24. The house was very small ……… they enjoyed living there. A. since B. as C. but D. because 25. Although the sun was shining, ……… A. but it wasn't very hot B. yet it wasn't very hot C. it was very hot D. it wasn't very hot 26. I knew they were talking about me ……… they stopped when I entered the room. A. because B. therefore C. despite D. although 27. He had an excellent grade in his examination ……… the fact that he hadn't worked particularly hard. A. in spite of B. although C. because of D. on account of 28. Jack insisted that he didn't need any help, ……… I helped him anyway. A. because B. but C. so D. although 29. She failed the test, ……… she studied hard. A. although B. in spite of C. as D. because 30. ……… the storm, the ship couldn't reach its destination on time. A. In case of B. In spite of C. Because of D. But for 31. ………, the results couldn't be better. A. No matter what he tried B. No matter how hard he tried C. Although very hard he tried D. Despite how hard he tried 32. ………, he felt so unhappy and lonely. A. Rich as was he B. Despite he was so rich C. Rich as he was D. Despite of his wealth 33. ……… he did not attend the English class, he knew the lesson quite well. A. In spite of B. Although C. Despite D. However 34. I couldn't go to your party last night ……… I had an important meeting. A. and B. but C. so D. because 35. Although Tom is intelligent, ……… A. he doesn't do well at school B. however he does well at school C. he doesn't do well at school D. the fact that he does well at school 36. Our flight from Hanoi to Beijing was delayed ……… heavy fog. A. as a result B. on account for C. because D. due to 1 37. He promised to telephone ……… I have never heard from him again. A. but B. except C. although D. because 38. He refused to give up work ………he'd won a million dollars. A. despite B. however C. even though D. as though 39. ……… there was a power failure; I was able to read ……… I had a candle. A. Unless / because B. Even though / because C. Although / unless D. Only if / unless 40. ……… many companies are going to bankrupt, ours made a good profit. A. Although B. Even C. However D. Despite 41. ……… the rise in unemployment, people still seem to be spending more. A. Nevertheless B. Meanwhile C. Despite D. Although 42. I know it's not sunny now; ……… I shall take my sunglasses. A. so B. even so C. although D. because 43. Even though I was tired, ……… . A. but I couldn't sleep B. however I couldn't sleep C. therefore I couldn't sleep D. I couldn't sleep 44. ……… an accident in the High Street, traffic is moving very slowly on the London Road. A. Through B. Due to C. Because D. Since 45. ……… he hasn't said anything he seems to be upset about it. A. Despite B. In spite C. Although D. Even 46. Since we were late, ……… A. so we decided to go by taxi B. we decided to go by taxi. C. that we decided to go by taxi D. a taxi came to us 47. He passed the exam ……… his laziness. A. despite B. because C. because of D. instead of 48. He got the job ……… A. although he had no qualifications B. although he had qualifications C. He had no qualifications although D. although had he no qualifications 49. ……… we were thirsty afterwards. A. Although the soup was very salty B. As the soup was very salty C. Because of the soup was very salty D. Even though the soup was very salty 50. The days are short, ……… A. for that it is now December B. for it is now December C. as for that it is now December D. because of that it is now December 51. ……… extremely bad weather in the mountain, we're no longer considering our skiing trip. A. Due to B. Because C. Since D. Due to the fact that 52. He took the food eagerly ……… A. although he had eaten nothing since dawn B. though he had eaten nothing since dawn C. as for he had eaten nothing since dawn D. for he had eaten nothing since dawn 53. ……… all the cars completed the course. A. Despite the serve weather conditions B. In spite the serve weather conditions C. Although the serve weather conditions D. Despite that the serve weather conditions 54. ……… I'm eating less than usual, I still seem to be gaining weight. A. Because B. If C. Although D. Unless 55. The movie was ……… I fell asleep. A. so boring that B. too boring C. such boring that D. so a boring that 56. Would you be ………to hold the door open? A. too kind B. kind enough C. as kind D. so kind 57. ……… all my anxiety, she continued to stay out late. A. Despite B. In spite of C. Although D. Both A & B are correct 58. We decided to eat out ……… the weather was bad. A. although B. because C. despite D. however 59. Different ……… they are, all these advertisements are alike in one important way. A. although B. though C. as D. despite 60. ……… his bad leg, he couldn't walk as fast as the others. A. Because B. Because of C. The reason D. Since 61. Although he was poor, he helped quite a lot of people in the village. A. He was poor so he helped a lot of people in the village. B. Being poor but he helped quite a lot of people in the village. C. Poor though he was, he helped quite a lot of people. C. Though he was poor but he helped quite a lot of people in the village. 62. We didn't go out because it rained heavily. A. We didn't go out because of the heavily rain. B. We didn't go out because of the rain was heavy. C. We didn't go out because of raining heavily. D. We didn't go out because of the heavy rain. 63. She didn't work hard, so she lost her job. A. If she worked hard, he wouldn't lose her job. B. She worked lazily, so she got her job. C. The reason why she lost her job was that she didn't work hard. D. She lost her job although she worked hard. 64. In spite of hating cats, I keep some in my house. A. Hating cats, though, I keep some in my house. B. Keeping some in my house although I hate them. C. Despite the fact that I hate cats, I keep some in my house. D. Even though the fact that I hate cats, I keep some in my house. 65. Despite meeting a lot of difficulties, they succeeded in getting the contract. A. Meeting a lot of difficulties, they couldn't get the contract. B. Although they met a lot of difficulties, they managed to get the contract. C. They met a lot of difficulties, so they lost the contract. D. In spite of meeting a lot of difficulties, they finally signed the contract. 66. She passed her exam because she worked very hard. A. She worked very hard, so she passed her exam. B. Because she passed her exam, she worked very hard. C. She passed her exam, working very hard. D. If she hadn't worked very hard, she wouldn't pass the exam. 67. We will try our best to finish the work even if it is very hard. A. Despite working hard, we will try our best to finish it. B. Although the work is hard, we will try our best to finish it. C. In spite of the fact that we try our best to finish it, the work is hard. D. Even though being hard work, we will try our best to finish it. 68. They were unable to finish their tennis game because of a heavy shower. 2 A. In spite of a heavy shower, they were able to finish their tennis game. B. The shower was heavy; however, they were able to finish their tennis game. C. A heavy shower prevented them from finishing their tennis game. D. A heave shower protected them from losing their tennis game. 69. Despite the heavy snow, we got home on time. A. Although it snowed heavy, we got home on time. B. The heavy snow prevented us from getting home on time. C. It snowed heavily, so we got home on time. D. In spite of the fact that it snowed heavily, we got home on time. 70. Hoa went to bed early because she was tired. A. Because Hoa went to bed early, she was tired. B. Hoa didn't go to bed early although she was tired. C. Hoa was tired, so she went to bed early. D. Hoa was tired, but she didn't go to bed early. 71. Although he is strong, he can't move that stone. A. As he is strong, he can move that stone. B. Even though he is not strong, he can move that stone. C. In spite of his strength, he can't move that stone. D. He can't move that stone because he is not strong. 72. We couldn't drive fast because of the fog. A. The fog prevented us from driving fast. B. Although it was foggy, we drove fast. C. It was foggy, but we could drive fast. D. The fog made it impossible for us to driving fast. 73. Do you realize that I would have been given that job if you hadn't been silent? A. Because you asked I did not get the job. B. As you did not talk I did not get the job. C. Although you didn't say anything I got the job. D. Although you did not talk I got the job. 74. Although he was tired, he agreed to help me with my homework. A. Tired as he was, he agreed to help me with my homework. B. Despite being very tired, he agreed to help me with my homework. C. Tired though he was, but he agreed to help me with my homework. D. As tired as was he, but he agreed to help me with my homework. 75. Everybody came to the party although it was raining. A. The party was cancelled because of the rain. B. Everybody was very polite at the party. C. The party was over before it began to rain. D. In spite of the rain, everybody came to the party. 76. He can't do any work because of his age. A. He is old, but he still goes to work. B. Because he is old, he has retired. C. He is too old to do any work. D. His age doesn't stop him from going to work. 77. Although he can't swim himself, Mr. Kien is very keen that his children should learn. A. Mr. Kien would like his children to learn swim though he himself can't. B. Despite being unable to swim himself, Mr. Kien wants his children to learn. C. In spite of the fact that his children can swim, Mr. Kien cannot. D. Mr. Kien is unable to swim but he is eager that his kids learn how to. 78. I cannot afford to buy the encyclopedia. A. The encyclopedia is such expensive that I cannot buy it. B. The encyclopedia costs less than I can afford. C. I am rich, so I can buy the encyclopedia. D. I don't have enough money to buy the encyclopedia. 79. His grandmother is very weak. She can't even sit up. A. His grandmother is too weak to sit up. B. His grandmother can't sit up, even though she is so weak. C. His grandmother should sit up although she is very weak. D. His grandmother is very weak, but she can sit up. 80. In spite of their differences, Peter and John plan to be roommates. A. Peter and John intend to be roommates though they are different. B. Peter and John will be different roommates. C. Peter and John are too different to be roommates. D. Peter and John do not like each other. 81. Despite the fact that it was snowing, I felt warm. A. In spite of snowing, I felt warm. B. In spite of feeling warm, it was snowing. C. Although it was snowing, I felt warm. D. Although I felt warm, it was snowing. 82. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. A. He wanted to succeed, so he tried hard. B. However he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. C. He tried hard though he didn’t succeed. D. However hard he tried, he didn’t succeed. 83. Although she is rich, she can’t afford to buy the car. A. She doesn’t have enough money to buy the car which she likes. B. She wanted to buy the car but it costs a lot. C. Rich as she is, she can’t afford to buy the car. D. The car is too expensive for her to buy. 84. No matter how hard I tried, I couldn’t open the door. A. Try as hard as I might, I couldn’t open the door. B. Although I try, I couldn’t open the door. C. It is difficult for me to open the door. B. I could open the door with difficulty. 85. I agree he’s a good worker but I still don’t think he should get the job. A. He can’t get the job though he was a good worker. B. Despite the fact that he’s a good worker, I don’t think he should get the job. C. He is such a good worker that he can get the job. D. He is too bad to get the job. 86. Although it was sunny I felt quite cold. A. I felt quite cold because of the sunny weather. B. I felt quite cold in spite of being sunny. C. Despite the sunny weather, but I felt quite cold. D. Despite the sunny weather, I felt quite cold. 87. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise. A. The hotel was noisy, so we stay there. B. We stayed in the noisy hotel and we liked it. C. Although the hotel was noisy, we stayed there. D. The noise kept us staying the hotel. 88. Despite feeling cold, we kept waking. A. We kept walking if we didn’t feel cold. B. Although we felt cold, we kept walking. C. Cold as we felt, we kept walking. D. Both B & C are correct. 89. Harriet was upset because she saw Peter with another woman. A. Harriet was upset because she saw Peter's girlfriend. B. It was because she saw Peter with another woman that upset Harriet. C. Peter upset Nary because he broke his promise. D. Harriet was upset because she couldn't go well with Peter's woman. 90. Despite his inexperience in the field, John applied for the job. 3 A. John was unable to do the job because he was inexperienced. B. John didn't apply for the job because of his experience in the field C. John applied for the job because he has experience in the filed. D. John applied for the job though he has no experiences in the field 91. ……… the low rainfall this year, the crops did not produce a high yield. A. Since B. Despite C. Due to D. Because 92. the bad weather, the plane landed safely. A. In spite B. Though C. In spite of D. Despite the fact that 93. He kept working feeling unwell. A. although B. because of C. in spite of D. unless 94. Her eyes were red and puffy she had been crying a lot last night. A. even if B. since C. because of D. despite 95. the old man spoke very slowly and clearly, I couldn't understand him at all. A. If B. Because C. Since D. Although II. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: 1. We stayed at home because of the rain. Because 2. Although he is intelligent, he doesn’t do well at school. In spite of 3. He is poor, so he can’t afford that car. Because of 4. Although cars cause pollution, people still want them. Cars 5. Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy with his job. In spite 6. Because Tom was rude to his boss, he was fired from work. Tom 7. Although he didn’t speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam. In spite 8. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs seven miles before breakfast. Although 9. It is a six-hour drive from London to Edinburgh. It takes 10. The flight to Moscow lasted three and a half hours. It took 11. She couldn’t walk because her leg was broken. Because of 12. Although he had a bad cold, William still went to work. Despite 13. Even though I admire his courage, I think he is foolish. Much 14. In spite of the forecast it stayed fine. Although rain 15. I don’t really like her, even though I admire her achievements. Much 16. Although they are old, they work very hard. In spite of 17. Bill didn’t go to school because he was ill. Because of 18. Despite my support for him, I’m not convinced he’s right. Even 19. I appreciated their hospitality, but I was glad to get home. Much 20. In spite of working until very late, I couldn't complete the task. Despite the fact that 21. They carried on climbing despite such heavy snow. Although 22. In spite of his age, he still works hard. Even though 23. He has a pleasant manner but he's a bad doctor. Despite 24. Dan never talks to Mary but she still loves him. Mary still loves Dan 25. I don't like this job although the salary is good. Despite 26. Although the tickets may seem expensive, it is good value for money. Expensive 27. Although her leg hurt, Van finished the marathon race. In 28. While I strongly disapprove of your behavior, I will help you this time. Despite 29. Although both his legs were broken in the crash, he managed to get out of the car before it exploded. Despite 30. His disabilities didn't prevent him from sailing around the world. Although the end 4 . he had eaten nothing since dawn B. though he had eaten nothing since dawn C. as for he had eaten nothing since dawn D. for he had eaten nothing since dawn 53 still don’t think he should get the job. A. He can’t get the job though he was a good worker. B. Despite the fact that he’s a good worker, I don’t think he