bài tiểu luận về xã hội học bằng tiếng anh về cách ứng xử của người khi tiếp xúc với nền văn hóa giao tiếp khác nhau chú ý bài luận này bằng tiếng anh môn xã hội học đại cương .Các phản ứng của người khi tiếp xúc với nền văn hóa giao tiếp mới
BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG QUỐC TẾ - ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI ESSAY Threads : How people respond to cultural differences in communication? Give appropriate examples Instructors : Vũ Xuân Đoàn Student's first and last name : Đoàn Văn Hoàng Student ID: 19071041 CourseCode: SOC1050 CourseTitle: General Sociology Threads : How people respond to cultural differences in communication? Give appropriate examples Essay : We live in a diverse and extremely developed world In which people are increasingly moving between countries and cultures International students often want to study in developed countries such as the US, Australia, Canada because they have a more developed education than other countries To participate effectively in today's world, we must recognize that communication is deeply related to culture Being effective in social and professional life requires you to understand and adapt your communication with people of different cultures Communication is closely linked to culture because communication expresses, sustains, and alters culture Your culture directly shapes how you communicate, teaching you whether and when interrupting is appropriate, how much eye contact is polite, and how much distance should be kept between people We are not born knowing how, when, and to whom to speak, just as we are not born with attitudes about cooperating or competing We acquire attitudes as we interact with others, and we then reflect cultural teachings in the way we communicate Although the word culture is part of our everyday vocabulary, it’s diffi cult to defi ne Culture is part of everything we think, do, feel, and believe, yet we can’t point to a thing that is culture Most simply defi ned, culture is a way of life a system of ideas, values, beliefs, customs, and language that is passed from one generation to the next and that sustains a particular way of life One of the best indicators that a culture or social community exists is communication Because we learn to communicate in the process of interacting with others, people from different cultures use communication in different ways and attach different meanings to communicative acts Research by intercultural communication scholars shows that one way to distinguish cultures is by the extent to which they value individualism or collectivism Individualistic cultures regard each person as distinct from other people, groups, and organizations Individualistic cultures value personal freedom, individual rights, and independence Communication in individualistic cultures tends to be assertive and often competitive Collectivist cultures regard people as deeply connected to one another and to their families, groups, and communities Collectivist cultures value intergroup order and harmony, group welfare, and interdependence Within collectivist cultures, communication tends to be other-oriented and cooperative, and collective accomplishments are more valued than personal ones Cultural rituals and roles tend to celebrate communal achievements more than individual ones Responses to diversity range from total rejection to full participation in a different culture’s communication styles At particular times in our lives, we may fi nd ourselves adopting different responses to diversity or to specifi c forms of diversity First, That first reaction is resistance A common response to diversity is resistance, which occurs when we reject the beliefs of particular cultures or social communities Resistance denies the value and validity of particular cultural styles Without reflection, many people evaluate others based on the standards of their own culture For example, resistance may be expressed in many ways Hate crimes pollute campuses and the broader society Denial of other cultures leads to racial slurs, antiSemitic messages, and homophobic attacks A second response to cultural differences in communication is tolerance, which is an acceptance of differences whether or not one approves of or even understands them Tolerance involves respecting others’ rights to their ways even though we may think their ways are wrong, bad, or offensive Judgment still exists, but it’s not actively imposed on others Tolerance is open-mindedness in accepting the existence of differences, yet it is less open-minded in perceiving the value of alternative lifestyles and values Third response to cultural differences in communication is understand, which is understanding that differences are rooted in cultural teachings and that no cultural teachings are intrinsically best or right This response builds on the idea of cultural relativism Rather than assuming that whatever differs from our ways is a deviation from a universal standard, a person who understands realizes that diverse values, beliefs, norms, and communication styles are rooted in distinct cultural perspectives For example, People who respond to cultural differences in communication with understanding might notice that a Japanese person doesn’t hold eye contact but would not assume that the Japanese person was devious Instead, an understanding person would try to learn what eye contact means in Japanese society in order to understand the behavior in its native cultural context Curiosity, rather than judgment, dominates in this stage, as we make active efforts to understand others in terms of the values and traditions of their cultures Respect - Once we move beyond judgment and begin to understand the cultural basis for ways that differ from ours, we may come to respect differences We can appreciate the distinct validity and value of placing family above self, of arranged marriage, and of feminine and masculine communication styles We don’t have to adopt others’ ways in order to respect them on their terms A final response to diversity is participation, in which I incorporate some practices and values of other groups into our own lives More than other responses, participation encourages us to develop skills for participating in a multicultural world in which all of us can take part in some of each other’s customs For example, People who respond to diversity by participating learn to be multilingual, which means they are able to speak and understand more than one language or more than one group’s ways of using language Many people are already at least bilingual Developing skill in intercultural communication takes time We don’t move suddenly from being unaware of how people in other cultures interact to being totally comfortable and competent in communication with them Adapting to cultural diversity is a gradual process that takes time, experience with a variety of people, and a genuine desire to know and appreciate cultural differences ... exists, but it’s not actively imposed on others Tolerance is open-mindedness in accepting the existence of differences, yet it is less open-minded in perceiving the value of alternative lifestyles and... group welfare, and interdependence Within collectivist cultures, communication tends to be other-oriented and cooperative, and collective accomplishments are more valued than personal ones Cultural... active efforts to understand others in terms of the values and traditions of their cultures Respect - Once we move beyond judgment and begin to understand the cultural basis for ways that differ from