... of equivalence differently by discussing the notion of non-equivalence at word level and above word level, grammatical equivalence, textual equivalence and pragmatic equivalence.• Non-equivalence ... of equivalence that have been proposed in the literature of translation theory: content equivalence (often also: content invariance), stylistic equivalence, formal equivalence, functional equivalence, ... functional equivalence, textural equivalence, communicative equivalence, pragmatic equivalence".From the view point of Juliane House (1977, p25), meaning equivalence is the most essential...